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Augustin S, Eichhorn T, Wald M, Fischer F, Jutel M, Pfaar O, Willers C. Improved quality control of allergen products: Assessing the molecular allergen composition by mass spectrometry. Allergy 2024; 79:3489-3500. [PMID: 39445581 DOI: 10.1111/all.16339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural allergen sources contain a variety of allergens, against which allergic subjects have developed individual sensitization profiles. Ideal allergen products for skin prick testing (SPT) and allergen immunotherapy (AIT) should contain the complete set of allergens of the respective allergen sources to cover all sensitization profiles. However, commercially available allergen products were shown to vary regarding their allergen composition. METHODS The qualitative allergen composition of different SPT and AIT products produced from pollen of grasses, birch, mugwort and from house dust mites was assessed by a consistent high-resolution liquid chromatography-coupled tandem mass spectrometry method (LC-MS/MS). RESULTS All major, mid-tier and most minor allergens were detected in each of the investigated three batches of SPT and AIT products, demonstrating the completeness of the allergen composition and a high degree of batch-to-batch consistency. CONCLUSION This is the first study using a single consistent high-resolution LC-MS/MS method to provide solid data on the qualitative allergen composition of SPT and AIT products manufactured from various common allergen sources. The applied method showed high reliability in qualitative batch-to-batch consistency testing and can be performed fast and with high throughput. High-resolution LC-MS/MS is applicable for process development and quality control to ensure market availability of allergen products corresponding to the composition of the respective natural allergen sources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Marek Jutel
- ALL-MED Medical Research Institute, Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Oliver Pfaar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Rhinology and Allergy, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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Bao J, Tian L, Meng Y, Wu B, Wang J, He J, Shao Q, Wang C, Jie Y, Zhang L. Total IgE in tears accurately reflects the severity and predicts the prognosis of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. Clin Transl Allergy 2022; 12:e12139. [PMID: 35344294 PMCID: PMC8967263 DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although immunoglobulin E (IgE) increases significantly in tears and serum during seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (SAC), it is unclear whether tear total IgE can reflect the severity and prognosis of SAC more accurately than serum total IgE. We aimed to investigate the usefulness of measuring the total IgE in tears to evaluate the severity and determine the treatment of SAC. Methods This prospective, nonrandomized study involved 55 patients with SAC and 10 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls. Serum and tears were collected before and after treatment to analyze the total IgE. SAC patients received the same topical anti‐allergy treatment and were followed‐up every 2 weeks for 1 month. The relationship of tear and serum total IgE concentrations with pollen concentrations and symptom severity before and after treatment was assessed. Results The total IgE concentration in tears was higher in SAC patients than in healthy participants with significant correlations between tear and serum total IgE concentrations. The total IgE concentration in tears, but not in serum, correlated with the pollen concentration and severity of ocular symptoms and reactions in SAC. Treatment‐associated improvements in symptoms and reactions in SAC correlated with decreased concentrations of the tear total IgE. Patients with disease recurrence following treatment demonstrated significantly higher tear total IgE concentrations than patients with no recurrence. Conclusion The total tear IgE level can indicate the severity and predict the prognosis of SAC more accurately than the serum total IgE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Bao
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing TongRen Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing TongRen Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Meng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Binge Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing TongRen Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyan Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Chengshuo Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Jie
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing TongRen Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Luo Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, China.,Department of Allergy, Beijing TongRen Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Bonertz A, Tripathi A, Zimmer J, Reeb C, Kaul S, Bridgewater J, Rabin RL, Slater JE, Vieths S. A regulator’s view on AIT clinical trials in the United States and Europe: Why successful studies fail to support licensure. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 149:812-818. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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