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Genomic Approach to Understand the Association of DNA Repair with Longevity and Healthy Aging Using Genomic Databases of Oldest-Old Population. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2984730. [PMID: 29854078 PMCID: PMC5960555 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2984730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aged population is increasing worldwide due to the aging process that is inevitable. Accordingly, longevity and healthy aging have been spotlighted to promote social contribution of aged population. Many studies in the past few decades have reported the process of aging and longevity, emphasizing the importance of maintaining genomic stability in exceptionally long-lived population. Underlying reason of longevity remains unclear due to its complexity involving multiple factors. With advances in sequencing technology and human genome-associated approaches, studies based on population-based genomic studies are increasing. In this review, we summarize recent longevity and healthy aging studies of human population focusing on DNA repair as a major factor in maintaining genome integrity. To keep pace with recent growth in genomic research, aging- and longevity-associated genomic databases are also briefly introduced. To suggest novel approaches to investigate longevity-associated genetic variants related to DNA repair using genomic databases, gene set analysis was conducted, focusing on DNA repair- and longevity-associated genes. Their biological networks were additionally analyzed to grasp major factors containing genetic variants of human longevity and healthy aging in DNA repair mechanisms. In summary, this review emphasizes DNA repair activity in human longevity and suggests approach to conduct DNA repair-associated genomic study on human healthy aging.
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Park J, Li Y, Kim SH, Yang KJ, Kong G, Shrestha R, Tran Q, Park KA, Jeon J, Hur GM, Lee CH, Kim DH, Park J. New players in high fat diet-induced obesity: LETM1 and CTMP. Metabolism 2014; 63:318-27. [PMID: 24333006 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2013.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity contributes to insulin resistance and is a risk factor for diabetes. C-terminal modulator protein (CTMP) and leucine zipper/EF-hand-containing transmembrane protein 1 (LETM1) have been reported to influence the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (PKB) signaling pathway via the modulation of PKB activity, a key player for insulin signaling. However, it remains unclear whether CTMP and LETM1 are associated with PI3K/PKB signaling in mouse models of obesity. MATERIALS/METHODS To address this question, we used two different mouse models of obesity, including high-fat diet (HFD)-induced diabetic mice and genetically modified obese mice (ob/ob mice). The levels of insulin-signaling molecules in these mice were determined by immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses. The involvement of CTMP and LETM1 in PI3K/PKB signaling was investigated in HEK293 cells by transient transfection and adenovirus-mediated infection. RESULTS We found that the levels of insulin receptor, phosphorylated PKB, and LETM1 were lower and the level of CTMP was higher in the adipose tissue of obese mice on an HFD compared to lean mice on a chow diet. Similar results were obtained in ob/ob mice. In HEK293 cells, the activation of PKB increased the LETM1 level, and inhibition of PKB increased the CTMP level. The overexpression of CTMP suppressed the insulin-induced increase in PKB phosphorylation, which was abrogated by co-overexpression with LETM1. CONCLUSION These results suggest that CTMP and LETM1 may participate in impaired insulin signaling in the adipose tissue of obese mice, raising the possibility that these parameters may serve as new candidate biomarkers or targets in the development of new therapeutic approaches for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisoo Park
- Metabolic Disease Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45437, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-131, South Korea
| | - Yuwen Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Seon-Hwan Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-747, South Korea
| | - Keum-Jin Yang
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-333, South Korea
| | - Gyeyeong Kong
- Department of Pharmacology, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-131, South Korea
| | - Robin Shrestha
- Department of Pharmacology, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-131, South Korea
| | - Quangdon Tran
- Department of Pharmacology, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-131, South Korea
| | - Kyeong Ah Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-131, South Korea
| | - Juhee Jeon
- Department of Pharmacology, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-131, South Korea
| | - Gang Min Hur
- Department of Pharmacology, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-131, South Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-333, South Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-701, South Korea.
| | - Jongsun Park
- Metabolic Disease Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45437, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-131, South Korea.
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Park J, Kwon K, Kim SH, Yi MH, Zhang E, Kong G, Kim DW, Park J. Astrocytic phosphorylation of PDK1 on Tyr9 following an excitotoxic lesion in the mouse hippocampus. Brain Res 2013; 1533:37-43. [PMID: 23973607 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK1) is suggested to play important roles in the regulation of synaptic plasticity and neuronal cell survival in the mature CNS. Although few studies have investigated the roles of PDK1, little is known about PDK1 changes in glial cells under neuropathological conditions. In current report, phosphorylation of PDK1 was monitored specially on tyrosine residues, following the induction of an excitotoxic lesion in rat brain by using kainic acid administration. In injured hippocampal CA3 region, Tyr9 phosphorylation of PDK1 was increased from 4h until 3 day post-injection. Double immunohistochemistry further evaluated that these phosphorylated forms of PDK1 were localized in astrocytes not other cells. Overexpression of unphosphorylatable mutant, PDK1-Y9F leads to inhibit Protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) activation and cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation. In conclusion, our results suggested for the first time that tyrosine phosphorylation of PDK1 is required for PKB and CREB activation in KA-mediated excitotoxic lesion in mouse brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisoo Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 301-747, South Korea
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