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Kim SE, Memon A, Kim BY, Jeon H, Lee WK, Kang SC. Gastroprotective effect of phytoncide extract from Pinus koraiensis pinecone in Helicobacter pylori infection. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9547. [PMID: 32533032 PMCID: PMC7293342 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66603-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
For centuries, herbs have been used by traditional therapists around the world to treat gastrointestinal tract disorders, such as gastritis. We hypothesized that the anti-Helicobacter pylori properties of phytoncide, which is extracted from pinecone waste, would facilitate use as a natural gastroprotective product to treat gastrointestinal tract disorders. Thus, we investigated in vitro antibacterial efficacy against H. pylori by agar diffusion assay. To determine the gastroprotective properties of phytoncide, we conducted hematoxylin and eosin staining, performed assays for the detection of the cytotoxin gene, and evaluated pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in H. pylori-infected C57BL/6 mice. Phytoncide significantly inhibited the survival of H. pylori in the gastrointestinal system of C57BL/6 mice. Reduction of gastric severity in H. pylori-infected mice was associated with reductions in the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the gastric mucosa, and of the cytotoxin CagA gene in phytoncide treated groups (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). In conclusion, phytoncide significantly inhibited the growth of H. pylori in gastro tissue, possibly due to the abundant α-pinene present in the phytoncide as detected by HPLC analysis. Further studies are needed to validate our findings, but we suggest that phytoncide has the potential to be used as a natural ingredient in anti-H. pylori products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Eun Kim
- Research Institute, Phyrus Co., LTD., Danyang-gun, 27000, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea.,Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Azra Memon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
| | - Bae Yong Kim
- Research Institute, Phyrus Co., LTD., Danyang-gun, 27000, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea.,Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Hyelin Jeon
- Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Woon Kyu Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea.
| | - Se Chan Kang
- Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
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Wang DH, Yamada A, Miyanaga M. Changes in Urinary Hydrogen Peroxide and 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine Levels after a Forest Walk: A Pilot Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15:E1871. [PMID: 30158499 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15091871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Some studies have shown that exposure to forests has positive effects on human health, although the mechanisms underlying the health benefits of a forest environment have not been elucidated yet. The current study was aimed at examining how the levels of urinary hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and 8-hydroxy-2'deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) change after a forest or urban walk in healthy subjects. Twenty-eight volunteers (19 men and 9 women) participated in the study. The forest walks were carried out in a forest in Okayama Prefecture, Japan, and the urban walks (15 men and 7 women) were carried out in the downtown area of Okayama city, each for two hours. Spot urine samples were collected before the walk, the next day and one week after the forest or urban walk. Compared with pre-forest walk levels, urinary H₂O₂ (p < 0.1) and 8-OHdG (p < 0.1) concentrations significantly decreased in the participants the day after the forest walk; furthermore, urinary 8-OHdG remained at a low level even at one week after the forest walk (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant changes in the concentrations of these oxidative biomarkers after the urban walk. These findings suggest the possibility that exposure to forests may alleviate oxidative stress in the body.
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Kim MJ, Jung US, Lee JS, Jeon SW, Kim WS, An BK, Kim EJ, Wang T, Kim BY, Im JT, Lee HG. Effects of dietary phytoncides extracted from Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) cone on performance, egg quality, gut microflora, and immune response in laying hens. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2018; 102:1220-1231. [PMID: 29953673 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary phytoncides extracted from discarded Korean pine cones (Pinus koraiensis) on the performance, egg quality, immune response and gut microflora in laying hens. A total of 400 Hy-Line brown laying hens (50-week old) were allotted into four dietary treatments including a control diet or a diet supplemented with phytoncides at 0.002%, 0.004% and 0.008%. During the 6 weeks of experimental feeding, 0.008% of dietary phytoncides improved egg production, feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05), but not feed intake, egg weight or feed efficiency. Although dietary phytoncides had no effect on egg quality, decreases in Haugh units depending on storage periods were improved by 0.008% of dietary phytoncides (p < 0.05). To investigate the roles of dietary phytoncides on the alteration of the immune response during inflammation, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or saline was intraperitoneally injected into 10 hens per diet group on the end date of the experimental feeding period. Serum immunoglobulins and splenic cytokine expression at mRNA levels were then measured at 4 hr postinjection. Although the levels of IgA were decreased by LPS injection in all dietary groups, dietary phytoncides at 0.008% showed a higher level of IgA by LPS (p < 0.05). Interestingly, although LPS injection resulted in an enhanced expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-6, dietary phytoncides at 0.008% showed less increased levels of them (p < 0.05). Gut microflora was examined from 10 hens per diet group at the end of the experimental period. While the number of Lactobacillus spp. was increased (p < 0.05), Escherichia coli counts in the cecal contents were decreased by 0.008% of dietary phytoncides. Taken together, these results demonstrate that dietary supplementation of 0.008% phytoncides improved the egg production, immune responses during inflammation and gut microflora in laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jeong Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - U-Suk Jung
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.,Team of an Educational Program for Specialists in Global Animal Science, Brain Korea 21 Plus Project, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Jeon
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won-Seob Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.,Team of an Educational Program for Specialists in Global Animal Science, Brain Korea 21 Plus Project, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byoung-Ki An
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Jib Kim
- Division of Animal Husbandry, Yonam College, Cheonan, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China
| | | | - Jin-Taek Im
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Hong-Gu Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.,Team of an Educational Program for Specialists in Global Animal Science, Brain Korea 21 Plus Project, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
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Lee SH, Do HS, Min KJ. Effects of Essential Oil from Hinoki Cypress, Chamaecyparis obtusa, on Physiology and Behavior of Flies. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143450. [PMID: 26624577 PMCID: PMC4666656 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytoncides, which are volatile substances emitted from plants for protection against plant pathogens and insects, are known to have insecticidal, antimicrobial, and antifungal activities. In contrast to their negative effects on microorganisms and insects, phytoncides have been shown to have beneficial effects on human health. Essential oil from Hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) is mostly used in commercial products such as air purifiers. However, the physiological/behavioral impact of essential oil from C. obtusa on insects is not established. In this study, we tested the effects of essential oil extracted from C. obtusa on the physiologies and behaviors of Drosophila melanogaster and Musca domestica. Exposure to essential oil from C. obtusa decreased the lifespan, fecundity, locomotive activity, and developmental success rate of D. melanogaster. In addition, both fruit flies and house flies showed strong repellent behavioral responses to the essential oil, with duration times of about 5 hours at 70 μg/ml. These results suggest that essential oil from C. obtusa can be used as a ‘human-friendly’ alternative insect repellent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Hae Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hyung-Seok Do
- Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Kyung-Jin Min
- Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Lee J, Lee D. Cardiac and pulmonary benefits of forest walking versus city walking in elderly women: A randomised, controlled, open-label trial. Eur J Integr Med 2014; 6:5-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2013.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Asikin Y, Takahashi M, Mishima T, Mizu M, Takara K, Wada K. Antioxidant activity of sugarcane molasses against 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride-induced peroxyl radicals. Food Chem 2013; 141:466-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Abstract
An anti-aging effect may be obtained by skin application of tea catechins (Camellia sinensis) since they have high ultraviolet (UV)-protection activity. In this study, the skin permeation of catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin gallate (ECg) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg) was determined and compared, and the effect of emulsification on the skin permeation of C was measured. The UV-protective effect of C was also determined. The in vitro skin permeability of each catechin derivative was determined using side-by-side diffusion of cells. The UV-protective effect of C was determined by applying different concentrations of C to the solution or emulsion on a three-dimensional cultured human skin model or normal human epidermal keratinocytes with UV-irradiation. ECg and EGCg with gallate groups showed lower skin permeability than C, EC and EGC without gallate groups, suggesting that the skin permeability of catechin derivatives may be dependent on the existence of a gallate group. Interestingly, the skin permeation of C was increased by an o/w emulsification. In addition, the C emulsion showed a significantly higher UV-protective effect by C than that with its aqueous solution. These results suggest that the o/w emulsion of catechin derivatives is probably useful as a cosmetic formulation with anti-aging efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachie Yoshino
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University , Sakado, Saitama , Japan
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Robin S, Courderot-Masuyer C, Tauzin H, Guillon S, Gaborit J, Harbon S, Humbert P. Evaluation of protective and restoring effects of a mixture of silanols on photoaging. Use of a device allowing the quantification of contractile strengths of human fibroblasts after UVA irradiation. Int J Cosmet Sci 2012; 34:311-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2494.2012.00716.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Leung TK, Shang HF, Chen DC, Chen JY, Chang TM, Hsiao SY, Ho CK, Lin YS. EFFECTS OF FAR INFRARED RAYS ON HYDROGEN PEROXIDE-SCAVENGING CAPACITY. Biomed Eng Appl Basis Commun 2012. [DOI: 10.4015/s1016237211002414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Far infrared rays (FIRs) have several proven effects on the human body and are generally considered to be biologically beneficial. In this study, we determined the effect of FIRs on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) -scavenging activity, which was directly increased by 10.26% after FIR application. Even in the indirect use of FIRs accompanying carrot extract, FIRs still contributed to a 5.48% increase in H2O2 -scavenging activity. We further proved that additional FIR treatment resulted in about 23.02% and 18.77% viability increases of osteoblast cells in the 200 and 800 μM H2O2 , respectively; and about 25.67% and 47.16% viability increases of fibroblast cells in the 25 and 50 μM H2O2 , respectively. Finally, FIR treatment also delayed senescence of detached Railway Beggarticks leaves in H2O2 solution with the concentrations of 10, 100, and 1000 μM. By reviewing past articles related to the effects of oxidative stress from metabolically produced H2O2 , we discuss possible benefits of FIRs for plants and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Kai Leung
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Taipei Medical University and Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Fang Shang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Dai-Chian Chen
- Department of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Yu Chen
- Department of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Min Chang
- Department of Applied Cosmetology and Graduate Institute of Cosmetic Science, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yi Hsiao
- Instrument Technology Research Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Kun Ho
- Department of Applied Cosmetology and Graduate Institute of Cosmetic Science, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Sheng Lin
- Department of Applied Cosmetology and Graduate Institute of Cosmetic Science, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Masuda M, Murata K, Naruto S, Uwaya A, Isami F, Matsuda H. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 inhibitory activities of Morinda citrifolia seed extract and its constituents in UVA-irradiated human dermal fibroblasts. Biol Pharm Bull 2012; 35:210-5. [PMID: 22293351 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.35.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine whether a 50% ethanolic extract (MCS-ext) of the seeds of Morinda citrifolia (noni) and its constituents have matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) inhibitory activity in UVA-irradiated normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs). The MCS-ext (10 μg/mL) inhibited MMP-1 secretion from UVA-irradiated NHDFs, without cytotoxic effects, at 48 h after UV exposure. The ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of MCS-ext was the most potent inhibitor of MMP-1 secretion. Among the constituents of the fraction, a lignan, 3,3'-bisdemethylpinoresinol (1), inhibited the MMP-1 secretion at a concentration of 0.3 μM without cytotoxic effects. Furthermore, 1 (0.3 μM) reduced the level of intracellular MMP-1 expression. Other constituents, namely americanin A (2), quercetin (3) and ursolic acid (4), were inactive. To elucidate inhibition mechanisms of MMP-1 expression and secretion, the effect of 1 on mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) phosphorylation was examined. Western blot analysis revealed that 1 (0.3 μM) reduced the phosphorylations of p38 and c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK). These results suggested that 1 suppresses intracellular MMP-1 expression, and consequent secretion from UVA-irradiated NHDFs, by down-regulation of MAPKs phosphorylation.
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