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Kong Y, Cheng L, Ma L, Li H, Cheng B, Zhao Y. Norepinephrine protects against apoptosis of mesenchymal stem cells induced by high glucose. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:20801-20815. [PMID: 31032949 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In diabetes, the number of bone mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) decreases and their differentiation is impaired. However, the exact mechanism is unclear. Patients with diabetes often experience sympathetic nerve injury. Norepinephrine (NE), a major mediator of the sympathetic nervous system, influences rat MSC migration in culture and in vivo. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of NE on MSCs under high glucose conditions; therefore MSCs were treated with high glucose and NE. High glucose-induced MSCs apoptosis, which was reversed by NE. To verify the effect of NE, mice underwent sympathectomy and were used to establish a diabetic model. Diabetic mice with sympathectomy had a higher apoptosis rate and higher levels of reactive oxygen species in their bone marrow-derived cells than diabetic mice without sympathectomy. High glucose inhibited p-AKT production and B-Cell CLL/Lymphoma 2 expression, and promoted BAX and caspase-3 expression. NE reversed these effects of high glucose. An AKT inhibitor enhanced the effects of high glucose. Thus, NE had a protective effect on MSC apoptosis induced by high glucose, possibly via the AKT/BCL-2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Kong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Liuhanghang Cheng
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Haihong Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Biao Cheng
- Guangzhou School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, PLA, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Trauma Treatment & Tissue Repair of Tropical Area, PLA, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
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Kar S, Kambis TN, Mishra PK. Hydrogen sulfide-mediated regulation of cell death signaling ameliorates adverse cardiac remodeling and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 316:H1237-H1252. [PMID: 30925069 PMCID: PMC6620689 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00004.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The death of cardiomyocytes is a precursor for the cascade of hypertrophic and fibrotic remodeling that leads to cardiomyopathy. In diabetes mellitus (DM), the metabolic environment of hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and oxidative stress causes cardiomyocyte cell death, leading to diabetic cardiomyopathy (DMCM), an independent cause of heart failure. Understanding the roles of the cell death signaling pathways involved in the development of cardiomyopathies is crucial to the discovery of novel targeted therapeutics and biomarkers for DMCM. Recent evidence suggests that hydrogen sulfide (H2S), an endogenous gaseous molecule, has cardioprotective effects against cell death. However, very little is known about signaling by which H2S and its downstream targets regulate myocardial cell death in the DM heart. This review focuses on H2S in the signaling of apoptotic, autophagic, necroptotic, and pyroptotic cell death in DMCM and other cardiomyopathies, abnormalities in H2S synthesis in DM, and potential H2S-based therapeutic strategies to mitigate myocardial cell death to ameliorate DMCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kar
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Tyler N Kambis
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Paras K Mishra
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska
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Zhang CJ, Huang Y, Lu JD, Lin J, Ge ZR, Huang H. Retracted: Upregulated microRNA-132 rescues cardiac fibrosis and restores cardiocyte proliferation in dilated cardiomyopathy through the phosphatase and tensin homolog-mediated PI3K/Akt signal transduction pathway. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:1232-1244. [PMID: 30216493 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is known to be present in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and it predicts the occurrence of sudden death and congestive heart failure. The aim of our study is to investigate the expression of microRNA-132 (miR-132) and its effect on cardiocyte proliferation, apoptosis, and cardiac fibrosis by binding to phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) through the phosphateidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase (Akt) signal transduction pathway in DCM rats. DCM rat models induced by doxorubicin were established and confirmed by an ultrasonic cardiogram. Epithelial cells were treated with inhibitors, activators, and small interfering RNAs to identify the mechanisms by which miR-132 controls cardiocyte activity and cardiac fibrosis. Angiotensin II (Ang II) and aldosterone (ALD) expressions were detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The relationship between PTEN and miR-132 was verified by a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were tested by the MTT assay and flow cytometry. PTEN was determined to be the target gene of miR-132. Rat models of DCM exhibited a lower level of miR-132, PI3K, Akt, B-cell lymphoma 2, collagen I, and collagen III, but a higher level of PTEN, Bcl-2-associated X protein, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen as well as inflammatory response (Ang II and ALD), accompanied by declined cardiocyte proliferation and elevated apoptosis and cardiac fibrosis. Upregulated miR-132 or silenced PTEN activated the PI3K/Akt pathway, thus facilitating cardiocyte proliferation and repressing cardiocyte apoptosis and cardiac fibrosis, as well as inflammatory responses. Downregulated miR-132 reversed this tendency. These findings indicate that miR-132 activates the PI3K/Akt pathway by inhibiting PTEN expression, thus facilitating cardiocyte proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis and cardiac fibrosis in DCM rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Jun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Gongli Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-De Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Gongli Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Gongli Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Ru Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Gongli Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Gongli Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Liu MH, Zhang Y, He J, Tan TP, Wu SJ, Guo DM, He H, Peng J, Tang ZH, Jiang ZS. Hydrogen sulfide protects H9c2 cardiac cells against doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity through the PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a pathway. Int J Mol Med 2016; 37:1661-8. [PMID: 27081862 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is an efficient drug used in cancer therapy that also produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) that induces severe cytotoxicity, which limits its clinical application. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a novel gasotransmitter, has been shown to exert cardioprotective effects. The present study aimed to determine whether exogenous H2S protects H9c2 cardiac cells against DOX-induced cytotoxicity and whether these protective effects are mediated through the PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a pathway. The H9c2 cardiac cells were exposed to 5 µM DOX for 24 h to establish a model of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. The results showed that the treatment of H9c2 cardiac cells with sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) for 30 min prior to DOX exposure markedly attenuated the phosphorylation of Akt and FoxO3a. Notably, pre-treatment of the H9c2 cells with NaHS significantly attenuated the nuclear localization of FoxO3a as well as the apoptosis of H9c2 cells induced by DOX. The treatment of H9c2 cells with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), a scavenger of ROS, prior to DOX exposure, also markedly increased the phosphorylation of Akt and FoxO3a which was inhibited by DOX alone. Furthermore, pre-treatment with LY294002, a selective inhibitor of PI3K/Akt, reversed the protective effect of H2S against DOX-induced injury of cardiomyocytes, as demonstrated by an increased number of apoptotic cells, a decrease in cell viability and the reduced phosphorylation of Akt and FoxO3a. These findings suggested that exogenous H2S attenuates DOX-induced cytotoxic effects in H9c2 cardiac cells through the PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Hua Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Mawangdui Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410016, P.R. China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Ping Tan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Jian Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Ming Guo
- Laboratory of Clinical Anatomy, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Hui He
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Juan Peng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Han Tang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Sheng Jiang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
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