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Zhu H, Ye G, Xie Y, Zhu K, Zhu F, Chen Q. Association of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and periodontitis severity in Chinese elderly: a cross-sectional study. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:4753-4759. [PMID: 35348881 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04439-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Periodontitis is a local inflammatory disease of high prevalence worldwide. Increasing evidence has shown its association with cardiovascular diseases. While high-density lipoprotein is an important protective factor in preventing cardiovascular diseases, this study aims to examine whether high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level is associated with different status of periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 874 Chinese retirees (≥ 60 years of age) with different statuses of periodontitis were enrolled. Periodontal clinical data were collected to define periodontal disease severity (no, mild-moderate, severe). Peripheral blood was collected for serum lipid profile analysis. Linear and logistic regression analysis with adjustment for potential confounders (gender, age, BMI, alcohol intake, exercise frequency, smoking habits) were used to determine the association of periodontitis with HDL-C. RESULTS After adjustments for confounders, linear regression analyses revealed a significant relationship between the decreased HDL-C and periodontitis severity (p < 0.05). Although the multivariable-adjusted ORs of decreased HDL-C were not statistically significant, logistic regression analyses showed Chinese elderly with severe periodontitis had higher odds of exhibiting clinically abnormal HDL-C levels than those without periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS The elderly population with periodontitis showed HDL-C levels significantly lower than those without periodontitis. The severity of periodontitis was positively correlated with serum HDL-C levels. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Periodontitis reduces HDL-C level in the elderly population, indicating that oral health should be paid attention to in the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihua Zhu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guanchen Ye
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanyi Xie
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kangqi Zhu
- School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fudong Zhu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qianming Chen
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China.
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Li A, Thomas RZ, van der Sluis L, Tjakkes G, Slot DE. Definitions used for a healthy periodontium-A systematic review. Int J Dent Hyg 2020; 18:327-343. [PMID: 32330350 PMCID: PMC7687205 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the explicitness and variability of the definition of periodontal health in the current scientific literature. MATERIAL AND METHODS The authors conducted a systematic literature review using PubMed and CENTRAL (2013-01/2019-05) according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and the guidelines of the Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) statement. RESULTS A total of 51 papers met the predefined inclusion criteria. Of these, 13 papers did not report any explicit definitions of periodontal health. Out of the 38 remaining articles, half of them used a reference to support their definition and half of them not. The studies published in periodontics-related journals or those that scored a low risk of bias for the methodical quality presented more explicit and valid definitions. Probing pocket depth was the most frequently used individual parameter for defining periodontal health. However, there were substantial variations in the methods of measurement and cut-off values. CONCLUSIONS Given the diversity of periodontal health definitions, a cross-study comparison is difficult. The results of this review may be useful in making others aware of the significance of standardizing the definition of a healthy periodontium.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Li
- Center for Dentistry and Oral HygieneUniversity Medical Center Groningen (UMCG)University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Renske Z. Thomas
- Center for Dentistry and Oral HygieneUniversity Medical Center Groningen (UMCG)University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
- Department of DentistryRadboud Institute for Health SciencesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Luc van der Sluis
- Center for Dentistry and Oral HygieneUniversity Medical Center Groningen (UMCG)University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Geerten‐Has Tjakkes
- Center for Dentistry and Oral HygieneUniversity Medical Center Groningen (UMCG)University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Dagmar Else Slot
- Department of PeriodontologyAcademic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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Botelho J, Machado V, Hussain SB, Zehra SA, Proença L, Orlandi M, Mendes JJ, D'Aiuto F. Periodontitis and circulating blood cell profiles: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Exp Hematol 2020; 93:1-13. [PMID: 33068648 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease with local and systemic implications. Evidence suggests consistent hematologic changes associated with periodontitis. Our aim was to critically appraise the available evidence on hemogram, leukogram, and thrombogram alterations in otherwise healthy patients suffering from periodontitis when compared with controls. For this systematic review (SR), we searched MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library (CENTRAL) for studies published up to June 2020. Both observational and interventional studies with baseline standard hematologic levels were included. Outcomes of interest were baseline hemogram, leukogram, and thrombogram values and the impact of periodontitis treatment on these outcomes. Upon risk of bias assessment, data extraction and both qualitative and quantitative (standardized mean differences) analyses were performed. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed to provide pooled estimates. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed (PROSPERO Reg. No. CRD42020164531). A total of 45 studies, eight intervention and 37 case-control studies, were identified after the final search of 3,012 titles. Following quality assessment, 43 articles were deemed to have low risk of bias, and two articles moderate risk. Meta-analyses confirmed that periodontitis was associated with both white and red cell lineages. Severe chronic periodontitis was associated with greater white blood cell counts (mean difference [MD] = 0.53, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.26-0.79) when compared with controls. Periodontitis was associated with a larger number of neutrophils (MD = 7.16%, 95% CI: 5.96-8.37) and lower mean platelet volume (MD = 0.30 fL, 95% CI: 0.49 to -0.10) compared with healthy participants. Nonsurgical periodontal treatment was associated with a decrease in white blood cell (WBC) levels (MD = 0.28 109/L, 95% CI: -0.47 to -0.08) in patients with chronic periodontitis. Periodontitis is associated with hematologic changes (Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy [SORT] A recommendation). Higher WBC levels, higher neutrophil levels, higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and lower mean platelet volumes are the most common blood count findings. The association between periodontitis and WBC could be causal in nature. Further assessment to determine whether periodontitis causes changes in circulating blood cells and to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying these associations is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Botelho
- Periodontology Department, Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), Almada, Portugal; Evidence-Based Hub, CRU, CiiEM, IUEM, Almada, Portugal.
| | - Vanessa Machado
- Periodontology Department, Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), Almada, Portugal; Evidence-Based Hub, CRU, CiiEM, IUEM, Almada, Portugal
| | - Syed Basit Hussain
- Periodontology Unit, University College London Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Luís Proença
- Quantitative Methods for Health Research, CiiEM, IUEM, Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - Marco Orlandi
- Periodontology Unit, University College London Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Francesco D'Aiuto
- Periodontology Unit, University College London Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
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Naiff P, Carneiro V, Guimarães MDC. Importance of Mechanical Periodontal Therapy in Patients with Diabetes Type 2 and Periodontitis. Int J Dent 2018; 2018:6924631. [PMID: 30356347 PMCID: PMC6176290 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6924631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is an infectious and inflammatory disease of high prevalence worldwide and constitutes a significant oral health problem. It can lead to tooth loss. In addition, the local inflammatory process can cause the release of inflammatory mediators in the bloodstream and, consequently, contribute to the emergence of systemic effects as cardiovascular and diabetic complications. The purpose of this mini review is to alert health professionals about the risk that periodontitis represents for the onset or exacerbation of complications in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to emphasize that the mechanical treatment of periodontal disease and reestablishment of oral health are essential for the metabolic control of these patients. The periodontal therapy may help to reduce the risk of systemic complications in diabetes patients. Proper dental management should be suggested by health professionals, mainly from physicians to their patients, in order to improve the health conditions in these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Naiff
- Ph.D. Student, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Valéria Carneiro
- Ph.D. Professor at Periodontics Division, University of Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brazil
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Kudo C, Shin WS, Sasaki N, Harai K, Kato K, Seino H, Goke E, Fujino T, Kuribayashi N, Pearce YO, Taira M, Matsushima R, Minabe M, Takashiba S. Effects of periodontal treatment on carotid intima-media thickness in patients with lifestyle-related diseases: Japanese prospective multicentre observational study. Odontology 2018; 106:316-327. [PMID: 29330707 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-017-0331-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease in arterial blood vessels, is one of the major causes of death in worldwide. Meanwhile, periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by infection with periodontal pathogens such as P. gingivalis (Porphyromonas gingivalis). Several studies have reported association between periodontal infection and atherosclerosis, but direct investigation about the effects of periodontal treatment on atherosclerosis has not been reported. We have planned Japanese local clinics to determine the relationship between periodontal disease and atherosclerosis under collaborative with medical and dental care. A prospective, multicentre, observational study was conducted including 38 medical patients with lifestyle-related diseases in the stable period under consultation at participating medical clinics and 92 periodontal patients not undergoing medical treatment but who were consulting at participating dental clinics. Systemic and periodontal examinations were performed before and after periodontal treatment. At baseline, LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) levels and percentage (%) of mobile teeth were positively related to plasma IgG (immunoglobulin) antibody titer against P. gingivalis with multivariate analysis. Corresponding to improvements in periodontal clinical parameters after treatment, right and left max IMT (maximum intima-media thickness) levels were decreased significantly after treatment (SPT-S: start of supportive periodontal therapy, SPT-1y: at 1 year under SPT, and SPT-3y: at 3 years under SPT). The present study has clarified our previous univariate analysis results, wherein P. gingivalis infection was positively associated with progression of atherosclerosis. Thus, routine screening using plasma IgG antibody titer against P. gingivalis and periodontal treatment under collaborative with medical and dental care may prevent cardiovascular accidents caused by atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieko Kudo
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Function & Restoration, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 238-8580, Japan.
| | - Wee Soo Shin
- Sekimachi Medical Clinic, 5-6-1 Sekimachikita, Nerima-ku, Tokyo, 177-0051, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Sasaki
- Katsutadai Dental Clinic, 1-3-7 Katsutadai, Yachiyo-shi, Chiba, 276-0024, Japan
| | - Kazuo Harai
- Matsumoto Dental Office, 2-6-12-1F, Senzoku, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-0012, Japan.,Harai Dental Office, 2-20-17-1F Sangenjaya, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 154-0024, Japan
| | - Kai Kato
- Mejiro Medical-Road Dental Clinic, 2-5-27 Mejiro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, 171-0031, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Seino
- Tomiya Central Hospital, 2-1-6 Kamisakuragi, Tomiya-machi, Kurokawa-gun, Miyagi, 981-3328, Japan
| | - Eiji Goke
- Goke Dental Clinic, 5-41-17 Higashioizumi, Nerima-ku, Tokyo, 178-0063, Japan
| | - Takemasa Fujino
- Kyodo Dental Clinic, 1-32-2 Yoyogi, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 151-0053, Japan
| | - Nobuichi Kuribayashi
- Misaki Internal Medicine Clinic, 6-44-9 Futawa Higashi, Funabashi-shi, Chiba, 274-0805, Japan
| | - Youko Onuki Pearce
- Pearce Clinic, 7-20-5 Konakadai, Inage-ku Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-0043, Japan
| | - Masato Taira
- Taira Clinic, 1-36-11 Katsutadai Yachiyo-shi, Chiba, 276-0023, Japan
| | - Ryoji Matsushima
- Matsushima Dental Clinic, 2-6-12-1F, Senzoku, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-0012, Japan
| | - Masato Minabe
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Function & Restoration, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 238-8580, Japan.,Bunkyo Do-ri Dental Clinic, 2-4-1, Anagawa, Inage-ku Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-0024, Japan
| | - Shogo Takashiba
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan
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Nepomuceno R, Pigossi SC, Finoti LS, Orrico SRP, Cirelli JA, Barros SP, Offenbacher S, Scarel-Caminaga RM. Serum lipid levels in patients with periodontal disease: A meta-analysis and meta-regression. J Clin Periodontol 2017; 44:1192-1207. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Nepomuceno
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery; School of Dentistry at Araraquara; São Paulo State University - UNESP; Araraquara SP Brazil
| | - Suzane C. Pigossi
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery; School of Dentistry at Araraquara; São Paulo State University - UNESP; Araraquara SP Brazil
| | - Livia S. Finoti
- Department of Periodontics; University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine; Philadelphia PA USA
| | - Silvana R. P. Orrico
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery; School of Dentistry at Araraquara; São Paulo State University - UNESP; Araraquara SP Brazil
| | - Joni A. Cirelli
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery; School of Dentistry at Araraquara; São Paulo State University - UNESP; Araraquara SP Brazil
| | - Silvana P. Barros
- Department of Periodontology; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Dentistry; Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - Steven Offenbacher
- Department of Periodontology; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Dentistry; Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - Raquel M. Scarel-Caminaga
- Department of Morphology; School of Dentistry at Araraquara; São Paulo State University - UNESP; Araraquara SP Brazil
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Mallapragada S, Kasana J, Agrawal P. Effect of Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy on Serum Highly Sensitive Capsule Reactive Protein and Homocysteine Levels in Chronic Periodontitis: A Pilot Study. Contemp Clin Dent 2017; 8:279-285. [PMID: 28839416 PMCID: PMC5551335 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_140_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on circulating serum high-sensitivity capsule reactive protein (hs-CRP) and homocysteine (Hcy) levels in patients with chronic periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study involved fifty participants. The test group included 25 systemically healthy controls (mean age 38.44 ± 3.27 years) with severe chronic periodontitis and the control group (n = 25) included age- and sex-matched systemically and periodontally healthy controls. Clinical parameters were recorded, intraoral periapical radiographs were taken, hematological tests and assessment of serum hs-CRP levels and Hcy levels were performed at baseline and 3 months after completion of nonsurgical periodontal therapy. RESULTS Mean serum hs-CRP and Hcy concentration in patients with chronic periodontitis were 3.37 ± 0.54 mg/L and 21.47 ± 7.93 μmol/L, respectively, and was significantly higher than the controls (1.68 ± 0.71 mg/L and 13.93 ± 8.30 μmol/L, respectively) (P < 0.05). Posttreatment, the mean serum hs-CRP and Hcy concentration reduced significantly in both test and control groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Chronic periodontitis leads to an increase in circulating levels of hs-CRP and Hcy in plasma and nonsurgical periodontal therapy decreases periodontal inflammation, which in turn reduces systemic inflammation and consequently decreases serum levels of hs-CRP and Hcy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Mallapragada
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jyoti Kasana
- Department of Dentistry, Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Pallavi Agrawal
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Redman RS, Kerr GS, Payne JB, Mikuls TR, Huang J, Sayles HR, Becker KL, Nylén ES. Salivary and serum procalcitonin and C-reactive protein as biomarkers of periodontitis in United States veterans with osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis. Biotech Histochem 2016; 91:77-85. [PMID: 26800284 DOI: 10.3109/10520295.2015.1082625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum procalcitonin (ProCT) is elevated in response to bacterial infections, whereas high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is a nonspecific inflammatory marker that is increased by excess adipose tissue. We examined the efficacy of ProCT and hsCRP as biomarkers of periodontitis in the saliva and serum of patients with arthritis, which is characterized by variable levels of systemic inflammation that potentially can confound the interpretation of inflammatory biomarkers. Blood and unstimulated whole saliva were collected from 33 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 50 with osteoarthritis (OA). Periodontal status was assessed by full mouth examination and patients were categorized as having no/mild, moderate or severe periodontitis by standard parameters. Salivary and serum ProCT and hsCRP concentrations were compared. BMI, diabetes, anti-inflammatory medications and smoking status were ascertained from the patient records. Differences between OA and RA in proportionate numbers of patients were compared for race, gender, diabetes, adiposity and smoking status. Serum ProCT was significantly higher in arthritis patients with moderate to severe and severe periodontitis compared with no/mild periodontitis patients. There were no significant differences in salivary ProCT or salivary or serum hsCRP in RA patients related to periodontitis category. Most of the OA and RA patients were middle aged or older, 28.9% were diabetic, 78.3% were overweight or obese, and slightly more than half were either current or past smokers. The OA and RA groups differed by race, but not gender; blacks and males were predominant in both groups. The OA and RA groups did not differ in terms of controlled or uncontrolled diabetes, smoking status or BMI. The RA patients had been prescribed more anti-inflammatory medication than the OA patients. Our results demonstrate that circulating ProCT is a more discriminative biomarker for periodontitis than serum hsCRP in patients with underlying arthritis. Any elevation in salivary and serum hsCRP due to periodontitis apparently was overshadowed by differences among these patients in factors that influence CRP, such as the extent of inflammation between RA and OA, the extent of adipose tissue, the use of anti- inflammatory medications and smoking status. Although our study showed no differences in salivary ProCT related to severity of periodontitis, this biomarker also may be useful with further refinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Redman
- a Dental Service and Oral Pathology Research Laboratory , Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Washington , DC
| | - G S Kerr
- b Rheumatology Section, Medical Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Washington , DC , and Department of Rheumatology , College of Medicine, Howard University , Washington , DC
| | - J B Payne
- c Department of Surgical Specialties , College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Lincoln, Nebraska and Department of Internal Medicine , College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska
| | - T R Mikuls
- d College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska and Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care Center , Omaha, Nebraska
| | - J Huang
- b Rheumatology Section, Medical Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Washington , DC , and Department of Rheumatology , College of Medicine, Howard University , Washington , DC
| | - H R Sayles
- e College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska
| | - K L Becker
- f Endocrinology Section, Medical Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Washington , DC
| | - E S Nylén
- f Endocrinology Section, Medical Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Washington , DC
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Shirmohamadi A, Chitsazi MT, Faramarzi M, Salari A, Naser Alavi F, Pashazadeh N. Effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment on transferrin serum levels in patients with chronic periodontitis. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2016; 10:169-75. [PMID: 27651883 PMCID: PMC5025218 DOI: 10.15171/joddd.2016.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Transferrin is a negative acute phase protein, which decreases during inflammation and infection. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate changes in the transferrin serum levels subsequent to non-surgical treatment of chronic periodontal disease. Methods. Twenty patients with chronic periodontitis and 20 systemically healthy subjects without periodontal disease, who had referred to Tabriz Faculty of Dentistry, were selected. Transferrin serum levels and clinical periodontal parameters (pocket depth, clinical attachment level, gingival index, bleeding index and plaque index) were measured at baseline and 3 months after non-surgical periodontal treatment. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistical methods (means ± standard deviations). Independent samples t-test was used to compare transferrin serum levels and clinical variables between the test and control groups. Paired samples t-test was used in the test group for comparisons before and after treatment. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results. The mean transferrin serum level in patients with chronic periodontitis (213.1 ± 9.2 mg/dL) was significantly less than that in periodontally healthy subjects (307.8 ± 11.7 mg/dL). Three months after periodontal treatment, the transferrin serum level increased significantly (298.3 ± 7.6 mg/dL) and approached the levels in periodontally healthy subjects (P < 0.05). Conclusion. The decrease and increase in transferrin serum levels with periodontal disease and periodontal treatment, respectively, indicated an inverse relationship between transferrin serum levels and chronic periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adileh Shirmohamadi
- Professor, Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohamad Taghi Chitsazi
- Professor, Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Faramarzi
- Associate Professor, Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ashkan Salari
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Naser Alavi
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nazila Pashazadeh
- Nurse, Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Polepalle T, Moogala S, Boggarapu S, Pesala DS, Palagi FB. Acute Phase Proteins and Their Role in Periodontitis: A Review. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:ZE01-5. [PMID: 26674303 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/15692.6728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Acute phase proteins are a class of proteins whose plasma concentration increase (positive acute phase proteins) or decrease (negative acute phase proteins) in response to inflammation. This response is called as the acute phase reaction, also called as acute phase response, which occurs approximately 90 minutes after the onset of a systemic inflammatory reaction. In Periodontitis endotoxins released from gram negative organisms present in the sub gingival plaque samples interact with Toll- like receptors (TLR) that are expressed on the surface of Polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) and monocytes which are in abundance in periodontal inflammation. The complex formed due to interaction of Endotoxins and TLR activates the Signal transduction pathway in both innate and adaptive immunity resulting in production of Cytokines that co- ordinate the local and systemic inflammatory response. The pro inflammatory cytokines originating at the diseased site activates the liver cells to produce acute phase proteins as a part of non specific response. The production of Acute phase proteins is regulated to a great extent by Cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α and to a lesser extent by Glucocorticoid hormones. These proteins bind to bacteria leading to activation of complement proteins that destroys pathogenic organisms. Studies have shown that levels of acute phase proteins are increased in otherwise healthy adults with poor periodontal status. This article highlights about the synthesis, structure, types and function of acute phase proteins and the associated relation of acute phase proteins in Periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejaswin Polepalle
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Periodontics, SIBAR Institute of Dental Sciences , Guntur, India
| | - Srinivas Moogala
- Professor, Department of Periodontics, SIBAR Institute of Dental Sciences , Guntur, India
| | - Shalini Boggarapu
- Post Graduate Student, Department of Periodontics, SIBAR Institute of Dental Sciences , Guntur, India
| | - Divya Sai Pesala
- Post Graduate Student, Department of Pathology, Siddhartha Medical College , Vijayawada, India
| | - Firoz Babu Palagi
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Rama Dental College , Kanpur, India
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