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Bahadur A, Bhattacharya N, Mundhra R, Khoiwal K, Chawla L, Singh R, Naithani M, Kishore S. Comparison of Human Epididymis Protein 4, Cancer Antigen 125, and Ultrasound Prediction Model in Differentiating Benign from Malignant Adnexal Masses. J Midlife Health 2023; 14:176-183. [PMID: 38312761 PMCID: PMC10836431 DOI: 10.4103/jmh.jmh_77_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of carcinogenic antigen (CA) 125, (HE)-4 (Human epididymis protein 4), and ultrasound (International Ovarian Tumor Analysis [IOTA]) Simple Rules individually and to derive a composite score in the differentiating ovarian cancer from benign ovarian mass. Subjects and Methods Consecutive patients (n = 100) with pelvic mass admitted during February 2018-August 2019 were included prospectively. Patients with either known case of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) or metastatic EOC were excluded. The primary outcome was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of CA-125, HE-4, and IOTA Simple Rules in predicting benign from malignant mass independently, while secondary outcome was derivation of a new model incorporating these variables using multivariate logistic regression analysis to predict benign from malignant lesions. Receiver operator curve (ROC) was drawn to redefine the best-performing cutoff values and difference between area under the ROC (AUROC) were compared by DeLong's method. Results Out of 100 cases of adnexal mass selected, the sensitivity and specificity of CA-125 were 73.8% and 77.6%, HE-4 were 90.5% and 87.9%, and IOTA Simple Rules were 92.9% and 81.0%. CA-125, HE-4, and IOTA Simple Rules were independently associated with the likelihood of malignancy/borderline (P < 0.001). The area under the curve for the "composite score" (AUC = 0.93) was the highest and was significantly better than that of CA-125 (AUC = 0.786) (P = 0.004 using DeLong's test) and comparable with HE-4 (AUROC = 0.90; P = 0.128 using DeLong's Test). Conclusion The sensitivity and specificity of HE-4 and IOTA Simple Rules for predicting malignant ovarian tumor was better than those of CA-125. The diagnostic performance of "composite score" was comparable to those of either HE-4 or IOTA Simple Rules and significantly better than CA-125.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupama Bahadur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AIIMS, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | - Rajlaxmi Mundhra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AIIMS, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Kavita Khoiwal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AIIMS, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Latika Chawla
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AIIMS, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Rajni Singh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AIIMS, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Manisha Naithani
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sanjeev Kishore
- Department of Pathology, AIIMS, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
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Abstract
DNA methylation alterations have been widely studied as mediators of environmentally induced disease risks. With new advances in technique, epigenome-wide DNA methylation data (EWAS) have become the new standard for epigenetic studies in human populations. However, to date most epigenetic studies of mediation effects only involve selected (gene-specific) candidate methylation markers. There is an urgent need for appropriate analytical methods for EWAS mediation analysis. In this chapter, we provide an overview of recent advances on high-dimensional mediation analysis, with application to two DNA methylation data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixiang Zhang
- Center for Applied Mathematics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lei Liu
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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3
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Eggold JT, Chow S, Melemenidis S, Wang J, Natarajan S, Loo PE, Manjappa R, Viswanathan V, Kidd EA, Engleman E, Dorigo O, Loo BW, Rankin EB. Abdominopelvic FLASH Irradiation Improves PD-1 Immune Checkpoint Inhibition in Preclinical Models of Ovarian Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 21:371-381. [PMID: 34866044 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of advanced ovarian cancer using PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade shows promise, however current clinical trials are limited by modest response rates. Radiation therapy has been shown to synergize with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in some cancers but has not been utilized in advanced ovarian cancer due to toxicity associated with conventional abdominopelvic irradiation. While ultra-high dose rate (FLASH) irradiation has emerged as a strategy to reduce radiation-induced toxicity, the immunomodulatory properties of FLASH irradiation remain unknown. Here we demonstrate that single high dose abdominopelvic FLASH irradiation promoted intestinal regeneration and maintained tumor control in a preclinical mouse model of ovarian cancer. Reduced tumor burden in conventional and FLASH treated mice was associated with an early decrease in intratumoral regulatory T cells and a late increase in cytolytic CD8+ T cells. Compared to conventional irradiation, FLASH irradiation increased intratumoral T cell infiltration at early timepoints. Moreover, FLASH irradiation maintained the ability to increase intratumoral CD8+ T cell infiltration and enhance the efficacy of αPD-1 therapy in preclinical models of ovarian cancer. These data highlight the potential for FLASH irradiation to improve the therapeutic efficacy of checkpoint inhibition in the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephanie Chow
- Radiation Oncology and Obstetrics & Gynecology, Stanford University
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Edgar Engleman
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | - Oliver Dorigo
- Obstetrics and Gynecology/Gynecologic Oncology, Stanford University
| | - Billy W Loo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University
| | - Erinn B Rankin
- Radiation Oncology and Obstetrics & Gynecology, Stanford University
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Qian J, LeSavage BL, Hubka KM, Ma C, Natarajan S, Eggold JT, Xiao Y, Fuh KC, Krishnan V, Enejder A, Heilshorn SC, Dorigo O, Rankin EB. Cancer-associated mesothelial cells promote ovarian cancer chemoresistance through paracrine osteopontin signaling. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:e146186. [PMID: 34396988 DOI: 10.1172/jci146186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of gynecological malignancy-related deaths, due to its widespread intraperitoneal metastases and acquired chemoresistance. Mesothelial cells are an important cellular component of the ovarian cancer microenvironment that promote metastasis. However, their role in chemoresistance is unclear. Here, we investigated whether cancer-associated mesothelial cells promote ovarian cancer chemoresistance and stemness in vitro and in vivo. We found that osteopontin is a key secreted factor that drives mesothelial-mediated ovarian cancer chemoresistance and stemness. Osteopontin is a secreted glycoprotein that is clinically associated with poor prognosis and chemoresistance in ovarian cancer. Mechanistically, ovarian cancer cells induced osteopontin expression and secretion by mesothelial cells through TGF-β signaling. Osteopontin facilitated ovarian cancer cell chemoresistance via the activation of the CD44 receptor, PI3K/AKT signaling, and ABC drug efflux transporter activity. Importantly, therapeutic inhibition of osteopontin markedly improved the efficacy of cisplatin in both human and mouse ovarian tumor xenografts. Collectively, our results highlight mesothelial cells as a key driver of ovarian cancer chemoresistance and suggest that therapeutic targeting of osteopontin may be an effective strategy for enhancing platinum sensitivity in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Qian
- Department of Radiation Oncology
| | | | - Kelsea M Hubka
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Chenkai Ma
- Molecular Diagnostics Solutions, CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Katherine C Fuh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Venkatesh Krishnan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Annika Enejder
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Sarah C Heilshorn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Oliver Dorigo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Erinn B Rankin
- Department of Radiation Oncology.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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5
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Zhao Q, Dong D, Chu H, Man L, Huang X, Yin L, Zhao D, Mu L, Gao C, Che J, Liu Q. lncRNA CDKN2A-AS1 facilitates tumorigenesis and progression of epithelial ovarian cancer via modulating the SOSTDC1-mediated BMP-SMAD signaling pathway. Cell Cycle 2021; 20:1147-1162. [PMID: 34110955 PMCID: PMC8265817 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.1924947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the fifth most common female malignant tumor and the leading cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide. Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the predominant type of OC. Investigating the mechanism underlying tumorigenesis and progression of EOC is urgent. Our previous research has shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) CDKN2A-AS1 is upregulated in EOC tissues and cells. Furthermore, we have predicted that CDKN2A-AS1 is associated with the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-SMAD signaling pathway, which is negatively regulated by the sclerostin domain containing 1 (SOSTDC1). Therefore, we conjecture that the CDKN2A-AS1 regulate BMP-SMAD signaling pathway via interacting with SOSTDC1, which need more investigation. Moreover, the functions of the BMP-SMAD signaling pathway and the SOSTDC1 on EOC are still unclear. Herein, we unearthed that CDKN2A-AS1, BMP2/4/7, SMAD1/5/9 and phosphorylation of SMAD1/5/9 (p-SMAD1/5/9) were upregulated in EOC tissues and cells, whereas SOSTDC1 was downregulated in EOC tissues and cells. We firstly demonstrated that CDKN2A-AS1 bound directly with the SOSTDC1. CDKN2A-AS1 downregulated the expression of SOSTDC1, but upregulated the expression of BMP2/4/7, SMAD1/5/9, and p-SMAD1/5/9. CDKN2A-AS1 promoted the proliferation, migration, invasion of EOC cells and tumor growth in vivo, whereas SOSTDC1 inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion of EOC cells. Knockdown SOSTDC1 rescued the inhibitory effect of si-lncRNA CDKN2A-AS1 on the EOC cells proliferation, migration and invasion. These results demonstrated that CDKN2A-AS1activated the BMP-SMAD signaling pathway by directly bind with SOSTDC1 to promote EOC tumor growth. CDKN2A-AS1/SOSTDC1 axis may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for EOC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dandan Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Huihui Chu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lu Man
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinhe Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Li Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lin Mu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ce Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jianhua Che
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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6
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Cai L, Ye L, Hu X, He W, Zhuang D, Guo Q, Shu K, Jie Y. MicroRNA miR-330-3p suppresses the progression of ovarian cancer by targeting RIPK4. Bioengineered 2021; 12:440-449. [PMID: 33487072 PMCID: PMC8291835 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1871817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies reported that miR-330-3p was involved in the progression of several cancers, but the potential roles of miR-330-3p in ovarian cancer (OC) were unclear. In the current study, we aimed to explore the expression pattern and functions of miR-330-3p in OC. The expression level of miR-330-3p in OC tissues and cell lines was detected using RT-qPCR. The proliferation, migration and invasion of OC cells were detected using CCK-8 assay and transwell assay, respectively. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay were used to analyze the targeted binding
site of miR-330-3p and RIPK4. The results showed that miR-330-3p was significantly downregulated in OC tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of miR-330-3p inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of OC cells. Mechanistically, a dual-luciferase reported assay showed that RIPK4 is a target gene of miR-330-3p. Furthermore, rescue experiments revealed that miR-330-3p suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of OC cells by targeting RIPK4. In summary, our findings indicated that miR-330-3p suppressed the progression of OC by targeting RIPK4. Our results indicated that miR-330-3p/RIPK4 axis might act as a novel therapeutic target for OC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Cai
- Department of Oncology, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lu Ye
- Department of Pathology, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoqing Hu
- Department of Oncology, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wenfeng He
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Debao Zhuang
- Department of Pathology, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Pathology, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Kuanyong Shu
- Department of Oncology, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Youkun Jie
- Department of Pathology, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Jiangxi Mental Hospital/Affiliated Mental Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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7
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Ng JY, Lau SKC. Complementary and alternative medicine status in ovarian cancer guidelines: A systematic review. Eur J Integr Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2020.101227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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8
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Wen W, Han ES, Dellinger TH, Lu LX, Wu J, Jove R, Yim JH. Synergistic Anti-Tumor Activity by Targeting Multiple Signaling Pathways in Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2586. [PMID: 32927828 PMCID: PMC7564386 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
More effective therapy is needed to improve the survival of patients with advanced and recurrent ovarian cancer. Preclinical and early clinical studies with single molecular targeted agents have shown limited antitumor activity in ovarian cancer, likely due to compensation by alternative growth/survival pathways. An emerging strategy in overcoming resistance is to combine inhibitors targeting multiple pathways. In this study, we used a novel strategy of combining several FDA-approved targeted drugs, including sunitinib, dasatinib, and everolimus, in human ovarian cancers. Combination of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib with the SRC inhibitor dasatinib showed synergistic anti-tumor activity in human ovarian cancer cells. The increased activity was associated with inhibition of the STAT3, SRC, and MAPK signaling pathways, but not AKT signaling. To inhibit the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, we added the mTOR inhibitor everolimus, which further increased anti-tumor activity in cells. Combined treatment with sunitinib, dasatinib, and everolimus also resulted in greater inhibition of human ovarian tumor growth in mice. Furthermore, the triple combination also synergistically increased the anti-tumor activity of paclitaxel, both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our results demonstrate that simultaneous inhibition of several signaling pathways results in better anti-tumor activity compared to inhibiting any of these signaling pathways alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wen
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Med Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (E.S.H.); (T.H.D.); (L.X.L.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, City of Hope National Med Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA;
| | - Ernest S. Han
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Med Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (E.S.H.); (T.H.D.); (L.X.L.)
| | - Thanh H. Dellinger
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Med Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (E.S.H.); (T.H.D.); (L.X.L.)
| | - Leander X. Lu
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Med Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (E.S.H.); (T.H.D.); (L.X.L.)
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Comparative Medicine, City of Hope National Med Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA;
| | - Richard Jove
- Department of Molecular Medicine, City of Hope National Med Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA;
| | - John H. Yim
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Med Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (E.S.H.); (T.H.D.); (L.X.L.)
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9
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Genomic characterization of Chinese ovarian clear cell carcinoma identifies driver genes by whole exome sequencing. Neoplasia 2020; 22:399-430. [PMID: 32650224 PMCID: PMC7341065 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the genetic alterations characteristic of ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC). Our aim was to identify targetable genomic alterations in this type of cancer. Forty-two OCCC formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples were analyzed by whole-exome sequencing (WES), and 74 FFPE tissue samples underwent targeted sequencing (TS) to confirm the relevant driver mutations. Cell proliferation was assessed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assays. In the 42 samples, ARID1A (64.3%) and PIK3CA (28.5%) were frequently mutated, as were PPP2R1A (11.9%), PTEN (7.1%) and KRAS (4.8%), which have been reported in previous OCCC studies. We also detected mutations in MUC4 (28.6%), MAGEE1 (19%), and ARID3A (16.7%); associations with these genes have not been previously reported. The functional protein-activated pathways were associated with proliferation and survival (including the PI3K/AKT, TP53, and ERBB2 pathways) in 83% of OCCCs and with chromatin remodeling in 71% of OCCCs. Patients with alterations in MAGEE1 (64% in the targeted sequencing cohort) had worse clinical outcomes (log-rank p < 0.05). A functional study revealed that two MAGEE1 mutants, one lacking two MAGE domains and the other containing two MAGE domains, significantly decreased the proliferative capacity of OCCC cells. We successfully identified novel genetic alterations in OCCC using whole-exome sequencing and targeted sequencing of OCCC patient samples and potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of this malignancy.
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CD24-targeted fluorescence imaging in patient-derived xenograft models of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. EBioMedicine 2020; 56:102782. [PMID: 32454401 PMCID: PMC7248428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The survival rate of patients with advanced high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) remains disappointing. Clinically translatable orthotopic cell line xenograft models and patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) may aid the implementation of more personalised treatment approaches. Although orthotopic PDX reflecting heterogeneous molecular subtypes are considered the most relevant preclinical models, their use in therapeutic development is limited by lack of appropriate imaging modalities. METHODS We developed novel orthotopic xenograft and PDX models for HGSOC, and applied a near-infrared fluorescently labelled monoclonal antibody targeting the cell surface antigen CD24 for non-invasive molecular imaging of epithelial ovarian cancer. CD24-Alexa Fluor 680 fluorescence imaging was compared to bioluminescence imaging in three orthotopic cell line xenograft models of ovarian cancer (OV-90luc+, Skov-3luc+ and Caov-3luc+, n = 3 per model). The application of fluorescence imaging to assess treatment efficacy was performed in carboplatin-paclitaxel treated orthotopic OV-90 xenografts (n = 10), before the probe was evaluated to detect disease progression in heterogenous PDX models (n = 7). FINDINGS Application of the near-infrared probe, CD24-AF680, enabled both spatio-temporal visualisation of tumour development, and longitudinal therapy monitoring of orthotopic xenografts. Notably, CD24-AF680 facilitated imaging of multiple PDX models representing different histological subtypes of the disease. INTERPRETATION The combined implementation of CD24-AF680 and orthotopic PDX models creates a state-of-the-art preclinical platform which will impact the identification and validation of new targeted therapies, fluorescence image-guided surgery, and ultimately the outcome for HGSOC patients. FUNDING This study was supported by the H2020 program MSCA-ITN [675743], Helse Vest RHF, and Helse Bergen HF [911809, 911852, 912171, 240222, HV1269], as well as by The Norwegian Cancer Society [182735], and The Research Council of Norway through its Centers of excellence funding scheme [223250, 262652].
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11
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Lin X, Tang X, Zheng T, Qiu J, Hua K. Long non-coding RNA AOC4P suppresses epithelial ovarian cancer metastasis by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition. J Ovarian Res 2020; 13:45. [PMID: 32334623 PMCID: PMC7183637 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-020-00644-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Currently, the function and mechanisms of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved in the metastasis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), especially those of the lncRNAs participated in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, remains largely unknown. Here, we focused on a lncRNA named AOC4P and analysed its role in EOC. Materials and methods The expression of AOC4P gene was examined with quantitative real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). The cell migration and invasion were detected by Transwell and scratch assays. The in vivo metastatic activity was evaluated by intraperitoneal metastasis model. The downstream genes were investigated by a tumour EMT real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) array, and validated by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Results The results showed that AOC4P expression levels were decreased in EOC tissues and cell lines, and that the under-expression of AOC4P was positively correlated with FIGO stage and lymph node metastasis. Furthermore, the knockdown of AOC4P expression in poorly metastatic EOC cell lines remarkably facilitated cell migration/invasion while the overexpression of AOC4P in highly metastatic EOC cell lines reduced the metastatic ability of these cells in vitro. Consistently, the anti-metastatic role of AOC4P in vivo was also verified by bioluminescence imaging and tumour dissection. Mechanistically, the anti-metastatic effect of AOC4P in EOC was partially mediated by the EMT process accompanied by the alterations in MMP9 and COL1A2 expression. Conclusion These data highlight that AOC4P plays a critical role in EOC invasion/metastasis and could function as a novel and effective target for the lncRNA-based anti-metastatic clinical management of EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Lin
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China.,Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
| | - Junjun Qiu
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China.
| | - Keqin Hua
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China.
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12
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Zuo K, Zhao Y, Zheng Y, Chen D, Liu X, Du S, Liu Q. Long non-coding RNA XIST promotes malignant behavior of epithelial ovarian cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:7261-7267. [PMID: 31564909 PMCID: PMC6733346 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s204369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aims to investigate the functional role of long non-coding RNA XIST in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Methods Detection of XIST expression levels in EOC tissues and cell lines was done using qRT-PCR. The relationship between XIST expression and clinicopathological features of EOC patients was compared and analyzed. The cumulative survival rates were calculated using Kaplan-Meier. A Cox hazard model was used to identify risk factors for survival. Lastly, the effects of XIST on EOC cell were assessed in vitro. Results XIST was up-regulated in EOC tissues and cell lines. The expression of XIST was closely related to the tumor grade, distant metastasis, and FIGO stage in the EOC patients. The Cox regression analysis showed that high XIST expression was an independent predictor of prognosis in patients with EOC. In in vitro experiments, reducing XIST expression significantly suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion in EOC cells. Conclusion XIST highly expressed in the EOC and plays a role in tumor promotion, which may be a potential target for the treatment of EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zuo
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital, Lanzhou 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Youhong Zhao
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital, Lanzhou 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Yukun Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - De Chen
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital, Lanzhou 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital, Lanzhou 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Du
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital, Lanzhou 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Liu
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital, Lanzhou 730050, People's Republic of China
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Title Prognosis Significance of ZEB2 and TGF-β1 as well as Other Clinical Characteristics in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2019; 27:1343-1349. [PMID: 30814239 DOI: 10.1097/igc.0000000000001037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the prognosis significance of zinc-finger E-box binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) as well as other clinical characteristics in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). METHODS This retrospective study examined the expressions of ZEB2 and TGF-β1 in 64 EOC specimens, 36 benign ovarian tumor specimens, and 28 normal ovarian specimens by immunohistochemistry. The correlation of the expressions of ZEB2 and TGF-β1 was analyzed by the Spearman rank correlation analysis. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to construct crude survival curves, and the prognostic roles of ZEB2 and TGF-β1 as well as clinical characteristics were evaluated by Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. RESULTS The positive expression rates of ZEB2 and TGF-β1 were increased in EOC specimens compared with benign ovarian tumor and normal ovary specimens (P < 0.05), and ZEB2 expression was positively correlated with TGF-β1 expression (r = 0.538, P = 0.000). In addition, the overall survival rate of EOC patients was associated with the expressions of ZEB2 and TGF-β1, age, differentiated grade, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, preoperative serum CA125 level, postoperative start time of chemotherapy, and treatment course (all P < 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression demonstrated that FIGO stage (P = 0.033), TGF-β1 expression (P = 0.043), postoperative start time of chemotherapy (P = 0.009), and treatment course (P = 0.000) were prognostic factors for EOC. CONCLUSIONS ZEB2 and TGF-β1 may promote EOC progression, and FIGO stage, TGF-β1 expression, postoperative start time of chemotherapy, and treatment course may be associated with the prognosis of EOC.
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Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the fifth most common cause of cancer mortality among women. At present, EOC is treated with one or in a combination of treatments, commonly debulking surgery, combining a platinum-based and a taxane-based therapy; however, the patients have a risk of injury to the bowel, bladder, ureter, and vessels during surgery and many of them suffer from severe adverse effects caused by chemotherapy. Pharmaceutical inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) might be an important therapeutic tool in cancer treatment, as COX contributes to cancer progression by upregulating the levels of downstream metabolites. In this review article, we have discussed the role of COX in cancer progression and the therapeutic use of COX inhibitors in the treatment of EOC with subsequent clinical studies and future management. Usually, gonadotropins can promote prostaglandin E2 production in EOC cells via COX-1 and -2 upregulations through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Several reports have shown that treatment of EOC cells with COX-1- and COX-2-specific inhibitors exhibits a therapeutic effect on EOC both in vitro and in vivo. However, more clinical investigations are needed to develop therapeutic COX inhibitors for the prevention and treatment of EOC without adverse effects.
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15
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Marchetti C, Muzii L, Romito A, Benedetti Panici P. First-line treatment of women with advanced ovarian cancer: focus on bevacizumab. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:1095-1103. [PMID: 30799939 PMCID: PMC6371937 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s155425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the fifth most common cause of cancer death in women in Europe. Despite the progress, almost 70% of the patients relapse. The standard treatment is cytoreductive surgery followed by platinumtaxane chemotherapy; in patients with a disseminated disease, one option is neoadjuvant chemotherapy with delayed surgery (ie, interval debulking surgery). The most important change in the last decades involved the schedule treatment and the addition of new drugs to first-line therapy. Because of the pathogenetic role of angiogenesis in solid-tumor growth and metastasis, research has been concentrated on anti-angiogenetic drug. Bevacizumab, the most promising anti-angiogenetic drug, is a humanized monoclonal IgG antibody that targets vascular endothelial growth factor receptor. It was approved on December 23, 2011 by the European Medicines Agency and on June 13, 2018 by the Food and Drug administration as first-line treatment in epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer stage III or IV in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel. There are still some doubts, regarding the schedule, dosage, duration of the treatment, safety, and tolerability, both in first-line and in neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatments. This review tries to answer clinical practice questions and summarizes the evidence from Phase III studies, emerging data, and ongoing trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Marchetti
- Department of Gynecological-Obstetrical and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy,
| | - Ludovico Muzii
- Department of Gynecological-Obstetrical and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy,
| | - Alessia Romito
- Department of Gynecological-Obstetrical and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy,
| | - Pierluigi Benedetti Panici
- Department of Gynecological-Obstetrical and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy,
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16
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Concordance of a laparoscopic scoring algorithm with primary surgery findings in advanced stage ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2018; 151:428-432. [PMID: 30366647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the concordance between the laparoscopic scoring assessment and extent of disease identified at primary tumor reductive surgery (TRS) in patients with advanced ovarian cancer. METHODS From April 2013 to June 2017, we prospectively triaged patients with stage IIA to IVB ovarian cancer to laparoscopic scoring assessment. A validated predictive index value (PIV) score (range: 0-14) was assigned. Patients with PIV scores <8 were offered primary surgery and those with score ≥8 received NACT. Patients who underwent primary TRS had a second PIV score based on laparotomy findings. Concordance percentages were calculated between the two scores. Positive predictive value (PPV) was calculated to reflect the performance of the laparoscopic PIV score to predict R0 (complete gross resection) at TRS. RESULTS 226 patients underwent laparoscopic scoring assessment, of which 139 (61.5%) had a PIV score <8 and 81 (35.8%) had a PIV score ≥8. 6 patients (2.7%) were unscoreable. There was 96% overall concordance between PIV scores at laparoscopy and primary TRS. Concordance scores by location were: bowel infiltration 74.7%, mesenteric disease 84.6%, liver surface involvement 86.5%, omental disease 89.7%, diaphragm disease 92.9%, stomach infiltration 94.7%, peritoneal carcinomatosis 94.8%. A laparoscopic PIV score of <8 had a PPV of 85.4% at predicting R0 at primary TRS. CONCLUSIONS Laparoscopic assessment of tumor burden is a feasible tool to predict R0 cytoreduction in patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Concordance between PIV scores at laparoscopy and primary TRS varied by anatomic location, with the lowest concordance seen in predicting bowel infiltration.
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Huang J, Chen J, Huang Q. Diagnostic value of HE4 in ovarian cancer: A meta-analysis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2018; 231:35-42. [PMID: 30317143 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze and evaluate the overall diagnostic value of Serum Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4) in ovarian cancer. METHODS We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases to collect articles in English that evaluated the diagnostic value of HE4 in patients with gynecological or pelvic masses. Two reviewers independently assessed the methodological quality of each study using the QUADAS-2 tool. A chart of literature quality was made using Revman 5.3 software. Finally, we built Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic (SROC) curves, Hierarchical Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic (HSROC) models, a Deek's funnel figure as well as a meta-analysis of included studies using STATA12.0 and Meta-Disc1.4 software. RESULTS Eighteen studies from the published literature met all inclusion criteria for this analysis. Remarkably, no publication bias was found among the included studies. HE4 had a pooled sensitivity of 81% (95% confidence interval (CI): 77-85) and a pooled specificity of 91% (95% CI: 86-93,). Overall, the positive likelihood ratio (PLR) was 8.2, (95% CI: 5.60-12.00,) the negative likelihood ratio (NLR) was 0.21 (95% CI: 0.17-0.26), the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) was 39 (95% CI: 25-62), the AUC of SROC was 0.91, and Cochrane-Q value was 86.02. CONCLUSIONS HE4 is a valuable marker in the clinical diagnosis of ovarian cancer with both high AUC and Cochrane-Q. More studies are needed to determine if HE4 in the range of 100 mmol/L ≤ cutoff≤150 mmol/L than 60 mmol/L<cutoff<100 mmol/L holds more diagnostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbing Huang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, 530022, China
| | - Junying Chen
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, 530022, China.
| | - Qiaoqiao Huang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, 530022, China
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18
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Shao S, Tian J, Zhang H, Wang S. LncRNA myocardial infarction-associated transcript promotes cell proliferation and inhibits cell apoptosis by targeting miR-330-5p in epithelial ovarian cancer cells. Arch Med Sci 2018; 14:1263-1270. [PMID: 30393480 PMCID: PMC6209713 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2018.75535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to have great importance in cancer development and progression. However, the mechanism of lncRNAs in epithelial ovarian cancer remains unclear. In the present study, we aimed to explore the role of the lncRNA myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT) in epithelial ovarian cancer tumorigenesis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to determine MIAT expression in human epithelial ovarian cancer tissues and cell lines, and the effects of MIAT on cell proliferation and cell apoptosis were determined by CCK-8 assay or flow cytometry analysis. Dual-Luciferase Reporter assay and Western blot assay were used to explore the molecular mechanisms of MIAT in epithelial ovarian cancer cells progression. RESULTS Our data showed that the expression of lncRNA MIAT was remarkably increased in human epithelial ovarian cancer tissues and cell lines (p < 0.05). High MIAT expression was associated with poor overall survival of epithelial ovarian cancer patients (p < 0.05). Function assays showed that knockdown of MIAT expression significantly inhibited epithelial ovarian cancer cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis in vitro (p < 0.05). Moreover, we revealed that MIAT might function as an endogenous miR-330-5p sponge to regulate the target gene of miR-330-5p in epithelial ovarian cancer progression. CONCLUSIONS LncRNA MIAT was found to be a tumor oncogenic lncRNA in epithelial ovarian cancer tumorigenesis. LncRNA MIAT promoted cell proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis by negative regulation of miR-330-5p in epithelial ovarian cancer cells. Our findings suggested that MIAT might act as a candidate prognostic biomarker and new therapeutic target for treating epithelial ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqing Shao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
| | - Jun Tian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
| | - Shelian Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
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19
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Zhang S, Leng T, Zhang Q, Zhao Q, Nie X, Yang L. Sanguinarine inhibits epithelial ovarian cancer development via regulating long non-coding RNA CASC2-EIF4A3 axis and/or inhibiting NF-κB signaling or PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 102:302-308. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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20
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Lin M, Xia B, Qin L, Chen H, Lou G. S100A7 Regulates Ovarian Cancer Cell Metastasis and Chemoresistance Through MAPK Signaling and Is Targeted by miR-330-5p. DNA Cell Biol 2018; 37:491-500. [PMID: 29485916 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2017.3953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Lin
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Bairong Xia
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Ge Lou
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
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21
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Kitayama J, Ishigami H, Yamaguchi H, Sakuma Y, Horie H, Hosoya Y, Lefor AK, Sata N. Treatment of patients with peritoneal metastases from gastric cancer. Ann Gastroenterol Surg 2018; 2:116-123. [PMID: 29863151 PMCID: PMC5881364 DOI: 10.1002/ags3.12060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in chemotherapy, outcomes of patients with peritoneal metastases (PM) from gastric cancer are still very poor and standard treatment has not been established. Although oral S‐1 appears to be effective for patients with PM, the effects of systemic chemotherapy are limited. Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) yield fewer benefits in patients with PM from gastric cancer than in patients with PM from other malignancies. In comparison, repeated intraperitoneal chemotherapy (RIPEC) with taxanes using an implantable peritoneal access port has a pharmacokinetic advantage for the control of peritoneal lesions and in combination with systemic chemotherapy can result in surprisingly long‐term survival in patients with PM from gastric cancer. Herein, we review the results of recent clinical studies specifically targeting PM from gastric cancer and discuss future prospects for an intraperitoneal approach to the ideal treatment of patients with gastric cancer with peritoneal involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joji Kitayama
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Jichi Medical University Shimotsuke Japan
| | | | - Hironori Yamaguchi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Jichi Medical University Shimotsuke Japan
| | - Yasunaru Sakuma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Jichi Medical University Shimotsuke Japan
| | - Hisanaga Horie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Jichi Medical University Shimotsuke Japan
| | - Yoshinori Hosoya
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Jichi Medical University Shimotsuke Japan
| | - Alan Kawarai Lefor
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Jichi Medical University Shimotsuke Japan
| | - Naohiro Sata
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Jichi Medical University Shimotsuke Japan
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22
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Wu D, Yang H, Winham SJ, Natanzon Y, Koestler DC, Luo T, Fridley BL, Goode EL, Zhang Y, Cui Y. Mediation analysis of alcohol consumption, DNA methylation, and epithelial ovarian cancer. J Hum Genet 2018; 63:339-348. [PMID: 29321518 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-017-0385-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic factors and consumption of alcohol, which suppresses DNA methylation, may influence the development and progression of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). However, there is a lack of understanding whether these factors interact to affect the EOC risk. In this study, we aimed to gain insight into this relationship by identifying leukocyte-derived DNA methylation markers acting as potential mediators of alcohol-associated EOC. We implemented a causal inference test (CIT) and the VanderWeele and Vansteelandt multiple mediator model to examine CpG sites that mediate the association between alcohol consumption and EOC risk. We modified one step of the CIT by adopting a high-dimensional inference procedure. The data were based on 196 cases and 202 age-matched controls from the Mayo Clinic Ovarian Cancer Case-Control Study. Implementation of the CIT test revealed two CpG sites (cg09358725, cg11016563), which represent potential mediators of the relationship between alcohol consumption and EOC case-control status. Implementation of the VanderWeele and Vansteelandt multiple mediator model further revealed that these two CpGs were the key mediators. Decreased methylation at both CpGs was more common in cases who drank alcohol at the time of enrollment vs. those who did not. cg11016563 resides in TRPC6 which has been previously shown to be overexpressed in EOC. These findings suggest two CpGs may serve as novel biomarkers for EOC susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyan Wu
- Division of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China.,Department of Medical Affairs, Yanqing Hospital of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 102100, China
| | - Haitao Yang
- Division of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Stacey J Winham
- Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Yanina Natanzon
- Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Devin C Koestler
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Kansas Medical center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Tiane Luo
- Division of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Brooke L Fridley
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Ellen L Goode
- Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Yanbo Zhang
- Division of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Yuehua Cui
- Division of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China. .,Department of Statistics and Probability, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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23
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Ghazi Y, Laurent C, Dupin J, Pau D, Balouet S, Rocha Y, Joly F, Rouzier R, Menguy V. A multidisciplinary approach to oncology trials: Study conduct of the ANTHALYA trial. Contemp Clin Trials 2017; 65:151-156. [PMID: 29287669 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Clinical trials that combine medical therapy and surgical treatment pose a number of challenges. The ANTHALYA trial investigated the efficacy and safety of adding bevacizumab to neoadjuvant carboplatin-paclitaxel chemotherapy prior to interval debulking surgery (IDS) in patients with ovarian cancer. The success of the trial depended on the efficacy and the safety of the combination and on the surgical effort. Furthermore, at the time of study design, neoadjuvant bevacizumab had not been investigated in ovarian cancer patients and it was unknown if neoadjuvant angiogenic therapy would be well tolerated or would negatively impact the success of IDS. Therefore, safety in the ANTHALYA trial was paramount. To overcome these challenges we conducted the trial in collaboration with French oncologists and surgeons who were experts in the multidisciplinary treatment of ovarian cancer. Toxicity was monitored during the neoadjuvant and IDS periods using a Bayesian approach which provided flexibility in the decision-making process regarding the continuation or rapid discontinuation of the trial in response to a safety signal. We implemented a stopping rule for safety based on a number of pre-defined bevacizumab-related complications of special interest. We also developed an electronic case report form, which greatly facilitated the collection and dissemination of safety information and other trial data. Here we describe how we used these tools to ensure the successful conduct of ANTHALYA and report how it is possible to mix a Bayesian approach for monitoring toxicity and a frequentist approach for evaluating efficacy within the same trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Ghazi
- Roche, Medical Affairs, 30 cours de I'lle Seguin, Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex-France 92650, France.
| | - Christine Laurent
- AMITIS for Roche, Medical Affairs, 30 cours de I'lle Seguin, Boulogne Billancourt-France 92650, France.
| | - Julien Dupin
- ITM stat for Roche, Medical Affairs, 30 cours de I'lle Seguin, Boulogne-Billancourt-France 92650, France.
| | - David Pau
- Roche, Medical Affairs, 30 cours de I'lle Seguin, Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex-France 92650, France.
| | - Sabine Balouet
- Roche, Medical Affairs, 30 cours de I'lle Seguin, Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex-France 92650, France.
| | - Yara Rocha
- Roche, Medical Affairs, 30 cours de I'lle Seguin, Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex-France 92650, France.
| | - Florence Joly
- INSERM U1086, Centre François Baclesse, Avenue du Général Harris, Caen 14000, France.
| | - Roman Rouzier
- Institut Curie, Chirurgie Gynécologique et Sénologique, Université Versailles-St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, France; Institut Curie, 26 rue d'Ulm, Paris 75248, Cedex 05, France.
| | - Violette Menguy
- Roche, Medical Affairs, 30 cours de I'lle Seguin, Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex-France 92650, France.
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Zhang Y, Dun Y, Zhou S, Huang XH. LncRNA HOXD-AS1 promotes epithelial ovarian cancer cells proliferation and invasion by targeting miR-133a-3p and activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:1216-1221. [PMID: 29239819 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HOXD cluster antisense RNA 1 (HOXD-AS1) functions as a crucial regulator in the progression and development of tumors. The aim of this study is to unravel the underlying mechanisms of HOXD-AS1 on epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). METHODS 43 paired EOC tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues were collected postoperatively from patients. QRT-PCR was used to explore HOXD-AS1 expression in both EOC tissues and cell lines. Cell proliferation and invasion were monitored by MTT assay and transwell invasion assay. RESULTS In the current study, we found that the expression of HOXD-AS1 was upregulated in EOC tissues and cell lines. High HOXD-AS1 expression was correlated with advanced FIGO stage, lymph node metastasis, and poor overall survival in EOC patients. We also showed that HOXD-AS1 promoted cell proliferation, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling in EOC cells. Furthermore, we found that miR-133a-3p was a direct downstream target of HOXD-AS1 in EOC. HOXD-AS1 promoted cell proliferation, invasion, and EMT process through sponging miR-133a-3p in EOC cells. CONCLUSION Our study indicated that lncRNA HOXD-AS1 promoted the proliferation, invasion, and EMT process of EOC cells via targeting miR-133a-3p and activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Oncology I, Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang 453000 Henan China.
| | - Yanbing Dun
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, Henan China
| | - Shumin Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Zhoukou Central Hospital, Zhoukou 466000, Henan China
| | - Xiang-Hua Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
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25
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Lu CS, Lin JK, Chen WS, Lin TC, Jiang JK, Yang SH, Wang HS, Chang SC, Lan YT, Lin CC, Lin HH, Teng HW. Intraperitoneal ziv-aflibercept effectively manages refractory ascites in colorectal cancer patients. Oncotarget 2017; 8:36707-36715. [PMID: 27888621 PMCID: PMC5482690 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ascites related to metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) reduces patient survival and quality of life, and systemic chemotherapy is largely ineffective for managing ascites. Here, we examined the clinical efficacy of intraperitoneal (IP) ziv-aflibercept for managing refractory ascites in 15 mCRC patients who did not respond to standard chemotherapy. Fifty or 100 mg of ziv-aflibercept in 100 mL of saline solution were infused through a pigtail catheter and retained for 24 h. When the ascites drainage volumes were subsequently monitored, 73.3% of patients showed an objective response (OR) to IP ziv-aflibercept treatment. Patients with low Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status or with serum ascites albumin gradients (SAAG) less than 1.1 g/dL had better responses to treatment, and 4 patients with SAAG less than 1.1 g/dL showed rapid objective responses (rOR). These findings indicate that intraperitoneal ziv-aflibercept therapy may be a highly effective means of treating refractory ascites in mCRC patients, and that SAAG may be predictive of a rapid response to this treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Sheng Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Kou Lin
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Colon and Rectum Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital & National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Shone Chen
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Colon and Rectum Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital & National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chen Lin
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Colon and Rectum Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital & National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Kai Jiang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Colon and Rectum Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital & National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shung-Haur Yang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Colon and Rectum Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital & National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huann-Sheng Wang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Colon and Rectum Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital & National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ching Chang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Colon and Rectum Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital & National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Tzu Lan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Colon and Rectum Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital & National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chi Lin
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Colon and Rectum Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital & National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Hsin Lin
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Colon and Rectum Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital & National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Wei Teng
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Scalici JM, Arapovic S, Saks E, Atkins KA, Petroni G, Duska LR, Slack-Davis JK. Mesothelium expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is associated with an unfavorable prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Cancer 2017; 123:977-984. [PMID: 28263384 PMCID: PMC5341143 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.30415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesothelium vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression in the metastatic epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) microenvironment is induced by tumor and mediates tumor cell invasion. VCAM-1 imaging suggests expression during treatment is an indicator of platinum resistance. Here, we assess the potential prognostic significance of mesothelium VCAM-1 expression and prospectively evaluate whether soluble VCAM-1 (sVCAM-1) is a surrogate for mesothelium expression. METHODS A retrospective review of EOC patients was performed to evaluate outcomes with mesothelium VCAM-1 expression determined by immunohistochemistry of peritoneum or omentum specimens. A prospective cohort of EOC patients was identified and followed through primary treatment. Serum for sVCAM-1 evaluation, which was performed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, was collected before surgery or neoadjuvant chemotherapy and at each treatment cycle. Peritoneal specimens were obtained during debulking to assess mesothelial VCAM-1 expression. RESULTS A retrospective review identified 54 advanced-stage EOC patients. Patients expressing mesothelium VCAM-1 had shortened overall survival (44 vs 79 months, P = 0.035) and progression-free survival (18 vs 67 months, P = 0.010); the median time to platinum resistance was 36 months for VCAM-1-expressing patients and not yet determined for the VCAM-1-negative group. In our prospective observational cohort, 18 EOC patients completed primary treatment; 3 were negative for mesothelium VCAM-1 expression, and sVCAM-1 did not vary between groups. CONCLUSIONS Mesothelium VCAM-1 expression is negatively associated with progression-free and overall survival in EOC. This is especially compelling in light of previous data suggesting that persistent VCAM-1 expression during treatment is an indicator of platinum resistance. Our pilot study had insufficient cases to determine whether sVCAM-1 would substitute for mesothelium expression. Cancer 2017;123:977-84. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Scalici
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Sanja Arapovic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Erin Saks
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Kristen A. Atkins
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Gina Petroni
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Linda R. Duska
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jill K. Slack-Davis
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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Kobayashi D, Kodera Y. Intraperitoneal chemotherapy for gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis. Gastric Cancer 2017; 20:111-121. [PMID: 27803990 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-016-0662-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Peritoneal metastasis is the most frequent pattern of gastric cancer recurrence or metastasis and is a definitive determinant of prognosis. However, an effective means of treating peritoneal disease has not yet been established. Systemic chemotherapy has only a limited effect on peritoneal metastasis, although some progress has been shown in terms of median survival time, especially among patients with a minimal or moderate disease burden. Clinical research related to intraperitoneal administration of anticancer drugs is currently underway. An advantage of intraperitoneal chemotherapy is the ability to achieve high concentrations of anticancer drugs in the peritoneal cavity and the direct exposure of peritoneal deposits and free cancer cells to those drugs. In addition, pharmacokinetic studies with taxanes have shown that these high intraperitoneal drug concentrations are sustained for a considerable length of time, allowing prolonged exposure. As taxanes are the most appropriate drugs for intraperitoneal administration, the development of repeated intraperitoneal chemotherapy using taxanes for gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis-either alone or in combination with systemic chemotherapy-has taken place over the past decade, mostly in Japan. Several phase II trials and a phase III trial have recently demonstrated the efficacy of this therapy, including median survival times of 14.4-24.6 months and one-year overall survival rates of 67-91%. These results may lead to the approval of intraperitoneal taxanes, especially paclitaxel, for official insurance coverage in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Kodera
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
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28
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Perroud HA, Scharovsky OG, Rozados VR, Alasino CM. Clinical response in patients with ovarian cancer treated with metronomic chemotherapy. Ecancermedicalscience 2017; 11:723. [PMID: 28275392 PMCID: PMC5336390 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2017.723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the leading cause of death from gynaecological cancer. It is extremely hard to diagnose in the early stages and around 70% of patients present with advanced disease. Metronomic chemotherapy (MCT) is described as the chronic administration of, generally low, equally spaced, doses of chemotherapeutic drugs with therapeutic efficacy and low toxicity. This is an effective and low-cost way to treat several types of tumours, including ovarian cancer. Here, we present six cases of advanced ovarian cancer treated with MCT with low doses of cyclophosphamide, which showed clinical response and stable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herman Andrés Perroud
- Experimental Oncology Section, Institute of Experimental Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Rosario, Rosario 2000, Argentina; National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Rosario 2000, Argentina.; Italian Hospital of Rosario, Department of Clinical Oncology, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - O Graciela Scharovsky
- Experimental Oncology Section, Institute of Experimental Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Rosario, Rosario 2000, Argentina; National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Rosario 2000, Argentina.; Research Council of the National University of Rosario (CIUNR), Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Viviana Rosa Rozados
- Experimental Oncology Section, Institute of Experimental Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Rosario, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Carlos María Alasino
- Italian Hospital of Rosario, Department of Clinical Oncology, Rosario 2000, Argentina; Institute of Oncology of Rosario, Rosario 2000, Argentina
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29
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Strickland-Marmol LB, Muro-Cacho CA, Barnett SD, Banas MR, Foulis PR. College of American Pathologists Cancer Protocols: Optimizing Format for Accuracy and Efficiency. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2017; 140:578-87. [PMID: 27232350 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2015-0237-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT -The data in College of American Pathologists cancer protocols have to be presented effectively to health care providers. There is no consensus on the format of those protocols, resulting in various designs among pathologists. Cancer protocols are independently created by site-specific experts, so there is inconsistent wording and repetition of data. This lack of standardization can be confusing and may lead to interpretation errors. OBJECTIVE -To define a synopsis format that is effective in delivering essential pathologic information and to evaluate the aesthetic appeal and the impact of varying format styles on the speed and accuracy of data extraction. DESIGN -We queried individuals from several health care backgrounds using varying formats of the fallopian tube protocol of the College of American Pathologists without content modification to investigate their aesthetic appeal, accuracy, efficiency, and readability/complexity. Descriptive statistics, an item difficulty index, and 3 tests of readability were used. RESULTS -Columned formats were aesthetically more appealing than justified formats (P < .001) and were associated with greater accuracy and efficiency. Incorrect assumptions were made about items not included in the protocol. Uniform wording and short sentences were associated with better performance by participants. CONCLUSIONS -Based on these data, we propose standardized protocol formats for cancer resections of the fallopian tube and the more-familiar colon, employing headers, short phrases, and uniform terminology. This template can be easily and minimally modified for other sites, standardizing format and verbiage and increasing user accuracy and efficiency. Principles of human factors engineering should be considered in the display of patient data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah B Strickland-Marmol
- From the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Drs Strickland-Marmol, Muro-Cacho, and Foulis), Systems Redesign (Mr Banas), and the Health Services Research & Development Center of Innovation on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (Dr Barnett), James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, Florida
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Classification of Ovarian Cancer Surgery Facilitates Treatment Decisions in a Gynecological Multidisciplinary Team. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2017; 27:382-389. [DOI: 10.1097/igc.0000000000000876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveProper planning of intervention and care of ovarian cancer surgery is of outmost importance and involves a wide range of personnel at the departments involved. The aim of this study is to evaluate the introduction of an ovarian surgery classification (COVA) system for facilitating multidisciplinary team (MDT) decisions.Materials and MethodsFour hundred eighteen women diagnosed with ovarian cancers (n = 351) or borderline tumors (n = 66) were selected for primary debulking surgery from January 2008 to July 2013. At an MDT meeting, women were allocated into 3 groups named “pre-COVA” 1 to 3 classifying the expected extent of the primary surgery and need for postoperative care. On the basis of the operative procedures performed, women were allocated into 1 of the 3 corresponding COVA 1 to 3 groups. The outcome measure was the predictive value of the pre-COVA score compared with the actual COVA performed.ResultsThe MDT meeting allocated 213 women (51%) to pre-COVA 1, 136 (33%) to pre-COVA 2, and 52 (12%) to pre-COVA 3. At the end of surgery, 168 (40%) were classified as COVA 1, 158 (38%) were classified as COVA 2, and 28 (7%) were classified as COVA 3. Traced individually, 212 (51%) patients were correctly preclassified at the MDT meeting and distributed into 110 (52%) COVA 1, 71 (52%) COVA 2, and 17 (32%) COVA 3. Analyzing the subgroup of patients with cancer, 164 (47%) were correctly preclassified. Regarding the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages, the pre-COVA classification predicted the actual COVA group in 79 (49%) FIGO stages I to IIIB and in 85 (45%) FIGO stages IIIC to IV.ConclusionsThe COVA classification system is a simple and useful tool in the MDT setting where specialists make treatment decisions based on advanced technology. The use of pre-COVA classification facilitates well-organized patient care–relevant procedures to be undertaken. Pre-COVA accurately predicts the final COVA in 51% classified women.
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Leary A, Cowan R, Chi D, Kehoe S, Nankivell M. Primary Surgery or Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Advanced Ovarian Cancer: The Debate Continues…. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2017; 35:153-62. [PMID: 27249696 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_160624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Primary debulking surgery (PDS) followed by platinum-based chemotherapy has been the cornerstone of treatment for advanced ovarian cancer for decades. Primary debulking surgery has been repeatedly identified as one of the key factors in improving survival in patients with advanced ovarian cancer, especially when minimal or no residual disease is left behind. Achieving these results sometimes requires extensive abdominal and pelvic surgical procedures and consultation with other surgical teams. Some clinicians who propose a primary chemotherapy approach reported an increased likelihood of leaving no macroscopic disease after surgery and improved patient-reported outcomes and quality-of-life (QOL) measures. Given the ongoing debate regarding the relative benefit of PDS versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), tumor biology may aid in patient selection for each approach. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy offers the opportunity for in vivo chemosensitivity testing. Studies are needed to determine the best way to evaluate the impact of NACT in each individual patient with advanced ovarian cancer. Indeed, the biggest utility of NACT may be in research, where this approach provides the opportunity for the investigation of predictive markers, mechanisms of resistance, and a forum to test novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Leary
- From the Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; St. Peters College, National Cancer Intelligence Network, Public Health England, National Health Service, Birmingham, United Kingdom; School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Gustave Roussy Cancer Centre, Translational Research Laboratory, Gustave Roussy Cancer Centre, Villejuif, France
| | - Renee Cowan
- From the Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; St. Peters College, National Cancer Intelligence Network, Public Health England, National Health Service, Birmingham, United Kingdom; School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Gustave Roussy Cancer Centre, Translational Research Laboratory, Gustave Roussy Cancer Centre, Villejuif, France
| | - Dennis Chi
- From the Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; St. Peters College, National Cancer Intelligence Network, Public Health England, National Health Service, Birmingham, United Kingdom; School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Gustave Roussy Cancer Centre, Translational Research Laboratory, Gustave Roussy Cancer Centre, Villejuif, France
| | - Sean Kehoe
- From the Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; St. Peters College, National Cancer Intelligence Network, Public Health England, National Health Service, Birmingham, United Kingdom; School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Gustave Roussy Cancer Centre, Translational Research Laboratory, Gustave Roussy Cancer Centre, Villejuif, France
| | - Matthew Nankivell
- From the Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; St. Peters College, National Cancer Intelligence Network, Public Health England, National Health Service, Birmingham, United Kingdom; School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Gustave Roussy Cancer Centre, Translational Research Laboratory, Gustave Roussy Cancer Centre, Villejuif, France
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32
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Jing Y, Zhang Z, Ma P, An S, Shen Y, Zhu L, Zhuang G. Concomitant BET and MAPK blockade for effective treatment of ovarian cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:2545-54. [PMID: 26575423 PMCID: PMC4823054 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy, and it is imperative to develop new treatments to ameliorate patient survival. Using an anti-cancer drug library containing 180 small molecule inhibitors, we performed a high-content image-based screen and found that BET and MEK inhibitors are among the candidates which were able to effectively inhibit ovarian cancer cell growth. However, BET inhibition alone was largely cytostatic, possibly due to feedback activation of the MAPK pathway. Consequently, the combination of MEK and BET inhibitors suppressed both cell proliferation and survival, and was more efficacious than single agent. Mechanistically, BET and MEK inhibitors exerted synergistic effects on apoptosis regulators including BIM and BAD. Our findings support concomitant BET and MAPK blockade as an effective therapeutic strategy in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, RenJi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, RenJi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, RenJi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, RenJi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shimin An
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Shen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanglei Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, RenJi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Abuidris DO, Weng HY, Elhaj AM, Eltayeb EA, Elsanousi M, Ibnoof RS, Mohammed SI. Incidence and survival rates of ovarian cancer in low-income women in Sudan. Mol Clin Oncol 2016; 5:823-828. [PMID: 28105363 PMCID: PMC5228336 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2016.1068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the second most common gynecological cancer worldwide. Little is known about the disease in Sudan. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the incidence rate, age and stage at diagnosis, and median survival time of patients presenting at the National Cancer Institute-University of Gezira (NCI-UG), Sudan. Data were collected in a prospective study of women with ovarian cancer over a period of eleven years of follow-up (between 2000 and 2011). Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the distribution of the demographics of the sample. The direct method was used to compute the age-standardized rate (ASR) using data from the 1966 and 2000 World Standard Populations (WSPs). The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate survival functions and the median survival time. Log-rank tests were used to statistically compare between the survival functions. There were steady increases in ovarian cancer incidence rates between 2000 and 2009, with a slight decline noted in 2010 and 2011. The patients' age range was 9-90. The age-specific incidence rate increased greatly in women aged 55 years or older. The majority of the patients had stage III or IV disease. The annual ASR using WSPs 1966 and 2000 as standard populations were 3.3 and 3.7 per 100,000 women, respectively. The median survival time was 31 months (95% confidence interval, 19-43). The 5-year cumulative survival rate was 38%. In Sudan, ovarian cancer affects postmenopausal women, akin to what is reported in the developed world with high incidence rates. Presenting with advanced stage disease is the predominant factor that results in a short survival time for women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafalla O. Abuidris
- Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Sudan
| | - Hsin-Yi Weng
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Ahmed M. Elhaj
- Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Sudan
| | | | | | - Rehab S. Ibnoof
- Wad Medani Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Wad Madani, Sudan
| | - Sulma I. Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Rouzier R, Gouy S, Selle F, Lambaudie E, Floquet A, Fourchotte V, Pomel C, Colombo PE, Kalbacher E, Martin-Francoise S, Fauvet R, Follana P, Lesoin A, Lecuru F, Ghazi Y, Dupin J, Chereau E, Zohar S, Cottu P, Joly F. Efficacy and safety of bevacizumab-containing neoadjuvant therapy followed by interval debulking surgery in advanced ovarian cancer: Results from the ANTHALYA trial. Eur J Cancer 2016; 70:133-142. [PMID: 27914243 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2016.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether adding bevacizumab to neoadjuvant carboplatin-paclitaxel (CP) helps achieve optimal debulking, measured by complete resection rate (CRR) at interval debulking surgery (IDS), in patients with initially unresectable International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IIIC/IV ovarian, tubal or peritoneal adenocarcinoma. METHODS Multicentre, open-label, non-comparative phase II study. Ninety-five patients randomised (2:1) to receive four cycles of neoadjuvant CP ±3 concomitant cycles of bevacizumab 15 mg/kg (BCP) followed by IDS. Primary objective is to evaluate the CRR at IDS in the BCP group (reference CRR rate defined as 45% CRR). A stopping rule based on bevacizumab-related adverse events (AEs) of special interest was implemented. RESULTS In the BCP group (N = 58), IDS was performed in 40 (69%) patients, of whom 85% had a complete resection. The CRR of this group was therefore 58.6% (34 patients), statistically over pre-defined 45%. The CRR in the CP group was 51.4%: 22 (60%) patients underwent IDS (85% had a complete resection). Grade ≥3 adverse events occurred in 62% of the BCP-treated patients and 63% of the CP-treated patients: mainly blood and lymphatic, gastrointestinal and vascular disorders, without more toxicity with BCP. Postoperative complications (mainly wound, infectious and gastrointestinal complications) occurred in 28% and 36% of the patients, respectively. The pre-specified safety stopping rule was not reached. CONCLUSION The primary objective was met as the CRR with BCP was significantly higher than the reference rate. Bevacizumab may be safely added to a preoperative program in patients deemed non-optimally resectable, whatever the final surgical decision. Bevacizumab's role in this setting should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Rouzier
- Institut Curie, Saint-Cloud-Paris, UNiversité Versailles-Saint-Quentin, France.
| | | | | | | | | | - Virginie Fourchotte
- Institut Curie, Saint-Cloud-Paris, UNiversité Versailles-Saint-Quentin, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Julien Dupin
- ITM stat for Roche, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | | | - Sarah Zohar
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université Paris 5, Université Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - Paul Cottu
- Institut Curie, Saint-Cloud-Paris, UNiversité Versailles-Saint-Quentin, France
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Chen H, Xia B, Liu T, Lin M, Lou G. KIAA0101, a target gene of miR-429, enhances migration and chemoresistance of epithelial ovarian cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int 2016; 16:74. [PMID: 27708548 PMCID: PMC5037619 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-016-0353-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer is a common type of gynecological malignancies, and is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death in women in the United States. MiR-429 and KIAA0101 have been found to be involved in several human malignancies, respectively. However, the role of miR-429 and KIAA0101, and the correlation between them during development of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remain to be investigated. Methods The expression of KIAA0101 in EOC tissues and cells was measured by Quantitative real-time PCR, western blot, and immunochemistry. Cell proliferation assay, colony formation assay, and transwell assay was performed to assess the role of miR-429 and KIAA0101 in regulation of proliferation, migration, and chemoresistance of EOC cells. Luciferase assay was used to test the Wnt/β-catenin signaling activity in response to depletion of KIAA0101 and overexpression of miR-429. Results We found that KIAA0101 was upregulated in metastatic EOC tissues, compared to primary EOC tissues, and KIAA0101 was required for the migration activity and chemoresistance of EOC cells by enhancing Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Furthermore, we revealed KIAA0101 is direct target of miR-429. Similar to knockdown of KIAA0101, overexpression of miR-429 reduced invasion and chemoresistance of EOC cells. Co-transfection of KIAA0101 partially abrogates the inhibitory effects on invasion and chemoresistance in EOC cells. Conclusions KIAA0101, a target gene of miR-429, was upregulated in the metastatic EOC tissues, and enhanced the migration activity and chemoresistance of EOC cells. Both miR-429 and KIAA0101 may represent the potential therapeutic targets of EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Department of Gynecology, the Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 150 Haping Rd, Harbin, 150020 Heilongjiang China
| | - Bairong Xia
- Department of Gynecology, the Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 150 Haping Rd, Harbin, 150020 Heilongjiang China
| | - Tianbo Liu
- Department of Gynecology, the Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 150 Haping Rd, Harbin, 150020 Heilongjiang China
| | - Mei Lin
- Department of Gynecology, the Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 150 Haping Rd, Harbin, 150020 Heilongjiang China
| | - Ge Lou
- Department of Gynecology, the Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 150 Haping Rd, Harbin, 150020 Heilongjiang China
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Melamed A, Hinchcliff EM, Clemmer JT, Bregar AJ, Uppal S, Bostock I, Schorge JO, Del Carmen MG, Rauh-Hain JA. Trends in the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for advanced ovarian cancer in the United States. Gynecol Oncol 2016; 143:236-240. [PMID: 27612977 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and interval debulking surgery for the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer has remained controversial, despite the publication of two randomized trials comparing this modality with primary cytoreductive surgery. This study describes temporal trends in the utilization of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and interval debulking surgery in clinical practice in the United States. METHODS We completed a time trend analysis of the National Cancer Data Base. We identified women with stage IIIC and IV epithelial ovarian cancer diagnosed between 2004 and 2013. We categorized subjects as having undergone one of four treatment modalities: primary cytoreductive surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy, neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery, surgery only, and chemotherapy only. Temporal trends in the frequency of treatment modalities were evaluated using Joinpoint regression, and χ2 tests. RESULTS We identified 40,694 women meeting inclusion criteria, of whom 27,032 (66.4%) underwent primary cytoreductive surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy, 5429 (13.3%) received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and interval surgery, 5844 (15.4%) had surgery only, and 2389 (5.9%) received chemotherapy only. The proportion of women receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery increased from 8.6% to 22.6% between 2004 and 2013 (p<0.001), and adoption of this treatment modality occurred primarily after 2007 (95%CI 2006-2009; p=0.001). During this period, the proportion of women who received primary cytoreductive surgery and chemotherapy declined from 68.1% to 60.8% (p<0.001), and the proportion who underwent surgery only declined from 17.8% to 9.9% (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Between 2004 and 2013 the frequency of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and interval surgery increased significantly in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Melamed
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Vincent Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Emily M Hinchcliff
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Vincent Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Joel T Clemmer
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Vincent Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Amy J Bregar
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Vincent Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Shitanshu Uppal
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Ian Bostock
- Department of Surgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH
| | - John O Schorge
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Vincent Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Marcela G Del Carmen
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Vincent Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - J Alejandro Rauh-Hain
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Vincent Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Diagnosis of Ovarian Carcinoma Histotype Based on Limited Sampling: A Prospective Study Comparing Cytology, Frozen Section, and Core Biopsies to Full Pathologic Examination. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2016; 34:517-27. [PMID: 26107565 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000000199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Growing insights into the biological features and molecular underpinnings of ovarian cancer has prompted a shift toward histotype-specific treatments and clinical trials. As a result, the preoperative diagnosis of ovarian carcinomas based on small tissue sampling is rapidly gaining importance. The data on the accuracy of ovarian carcinoma histotype-specific diagnosis based on small tissue samples, however, remains very limited in the literature. Herein, we describe a prospective series of 30 ovarian tumors diagnosed using cytology, frozen section, core needle biopsy, and immunohistochemistry (p53, p16, WT1, HNF-1β, ARID1A, TFF3, vimentin, and PR). The accuracy of histotype diagnosis using each of these modalities was 52%, 81%, 85%, and 84% respectively, using the final pathology report as the reference standard. The accuracy of histotype diagnosis using the Calculator for Ovarian Subtype Prediction (COSP), which evaluates immunohistochemical stains independent of histopathologic features, was 85%. Diagnostic accuracy varied across histotype and was lowest for endometrioid carcinoma across all diagnostic modalities (54%). High-grade serous carcinomas were the most overdiagnosed on core needle biopsy (accounting for 45% of misdiagnoses) and clear cell carcinomas the most overdiagnosed on frozen section (accounting for 36% of misdiagnoses). On core needle biopsy, 2/30 (7%) cases had a higher grade lesion missed due to sampling limitations. In this study, we identify several challenges in the diagnosis of ovarian tumors based on limited tissue sampling. Recognition of these scenarios can help improve diagnostic accuracy as we move forward with histotype-specific therapeutic strategies.
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Yin X, Wang X, Shen B, Jing Y, Li Q, Cai MC, Gu Z, Yang Q, Zhang Z, Liu J, Li H, Di W, Zhuang G. A VEGF-dependent gene signature enriched in mesenchymal ovarian cancer predicts patient prognosis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31079. [PMID: 27498762 PMCID: PMC4976329 DOI: 10.1038/srep31079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported surrogate biomarkers of VEGF pathway activities with the potential to provide predictive information for anti-VEGF therapies. The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate a new VEGF-dependent gene signature (VDGs) in relation to molecular subtypes of ovarian cancer and patient prognosis. Using microarray profiling and cross-species analysis, we identified 140-gene mouse VDGs and corresponding 139-gene human VDGs, which displayed enrichment of vasculature and basement membrane genes. In patients who received bevacizumab therapy and showed partial response, the expressions of VDGs (summarized to yield VDGs scores) were markedly decreased in post-treatment biopsies compared with pre-treatment baselines. In contrast, VDGs scores were not significantly altered following bevacizumab treatment in patients with stable or progressive disease. Analysis of VDGs in ovarian cancer showed that VDGs as a prognostic signature was able to predict patient outcome. Correlation estimation of VDGs scores and molecular features revealed that VDGs was overrepresented in mesenchymal subtype and BRCA mutation carriers. These findings highlighted the prognostic role of VEGF-mediated angiogenesis in ovarian cancer, and proposed a VEGF-dependent gene signature as a molecular basis for developing novel diagnostic strategies to aid patient selection for VEGF-targeted agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Boqiang Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei-Chun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuowei Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Lingyun Community Health Service Center of Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Di
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanglei Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Helland Ø, Popa M, Bischof K, Gjertsen BT, McCormack E, Bjørge L. The HDACi Panobinostat Shows Growth Inhibition Both In Vitro and in a Bioluminescent Orthotopic Surgical Xenograft Model of Ovarian Cancer. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158208. [PMID: 27352023 PMCID: PMC4924861 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In most epithelial ovarian carcinomas (EOC), epigenetic changes are evident, and overexpression of histone deacetylases (HDACs) represents an important manifestation. In this study, we wanted to evaluate the effects of the novel HDAC inhibitor (HDACi) panobinostat, both alone and in combination with carboplatin, on ovarian cancer cell lines and in a murine bioluminescent orthotopic surgical xenograft model for EOC. Methods The effects of panobinostat, both alone and in combination with carboplatin, on proliferation and apoptosis in ovarian cancer cell lines, were evaluated using colony and WST-1 assays, Hoechst staining and flow cytometry analysis. In addition, mechanisms were characterised by western blotting and phosphoflow analysis. Immuno-deficient mice were engrafted orthotopically with SKOV-3luc+ cells and serial bioluminescence imaging monitored the effects of treatment with panobinostat and/or carboplatin and/or surgery. Survival parameters were also measured. Results Panobinostat treatment reduced cell growth and diminished cell viability, as shown by the induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in vitro. We observed increased levels of cleaved PARP and caspase-3, downregulation of cdc2 protein kinase, acetylation of H2B and higher pH2AX expression. The combined administration of carboplatin and panobinostat synergistically increased the anti-tumour effects compared to panobinostat or carboplatin treatment alone. In our novel ovarian cancer model, the mice showed significantly higher rates of survival when treated with panobinostat, carboplatin or a combination of both, compared to the controls. Panobinostat was as efficient as carboplatin regarding prolongation of survival. No significant additional effect on survival was observed when surgery was combined with carboplatin/panobinostat treatment. Conclusions Panobinostat demonstrates effective in vitro growth inhibition in ovarian cancer cells. The efficacy of panobinostat and carboplatin was equal in the orthotopic EOC model used. We conclude that panobinostat is a promising therapeutic alternative that needs to be further assessed for the treatment of EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Øystein Helland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Jonas Liesvei 72, 5058 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, PB 7804, 5020 Bergen, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Mihaela Popa
- KinN Therapeutics, Laboratoriebygget, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Katharina Bischof
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Jonas Liesvei 72, 5058 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, PB 7804, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Bjørn Tore Gjertsen
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, PB 7804, 5020 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Internal Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Jonas Lies vei 65, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers (CCBIO), University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Emmet McCormack
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, PB 7804, 5020 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Internal Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Jonas Lies vei 65, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Line Bjørge
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Jonas Liesvei 72, 5058 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, PB 7804, 5020 Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers (CCBIO), University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
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Wang Y, Thai T, Moore K, Ding K, McMeekin S, Liu H, Zheng B. Quantitative measurement of adiposity using CT images to predict the benefit of bevacizumab-based chemotherapy in epithelial ovarian cancer patients. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:680-686. [PMID: 27347200 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to quantitatively measure adiposity-related image features and to test the feasibility of applying multivariate statistical data analysis-based prediction models to generate a novel clinical marker and predict the benefit of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients with and without maintenance bevacizumab-based chemotherapy. A dataset involving computed tomography (CT) images acquired from 59 patients diagnosed with advanced EOC was retrospectively collected. Among them, 32 patients received maintenance bevacizumab following primary chemotherapy, while 27 did not. A computer-aided detection scheme was developed to automatically segment visceral and subcutaneous fat areas depicted on CT images of abdominal sections, and 7 adiposity-related image features were computed. Upon combining these features with the measured body mass index, multivariate data analyses were performed using three statistical models (multiple linear, logistic and Cox proportional hazards regressions) to analyze the association between the model-generated prediction results and the treatment outcome, including progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of the patients. The results demonstrated that applying all three prediction models yielded a significant association between the adiposity-related image features and patients' PFS or OS in the group of the patients who received maintenance bevacizumab (P<0.010), while there was no significant difference when these prediction models were applied to predict both PFS and OS in the group of patients that did not receive maintenance bevacizumab. Therefore, the present study demonstrated that the use of a quantitative adiposity-related image feature-based statistical model may generate a novel clinical marker to predict who will benefit among EOC patients receiving maintenance bevacizumab-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhi Wang
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Theresa Thai
- Health Science Center of University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma, OK 73104, USA
| | - Kathleen Moore
- Health Science Center of University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma, OK 73104, USA
| | - Kai Ding
- Health Science Center of University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma, OK 73104, USA
| | - Scott McMeekin
- Health Science Center of University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma, OK 73104, USA
| | - Hong Liu
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Bin Zheng
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
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Posttreatment FDG PET/CT in predicting survival of patients with ovarian carcinoma. EJNMMI Res 2016; 6:42. [PMID: 27206785 PMCID: PMC4875573 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-016-0194-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purposes of this study are to evaluate the prognostic value of posttreatment (18)F-FDG PET/CT in predicting the survival of patients with ovarian carcinoma and to determine incremental value of combining posttreatment PET/CT with traditional prognostic factors in a multivariate model. METHODS This was an IRB-approved retrospective study. From July 2001 to July 2011, 48 patients who completed initial therapy for ovarian carcinoma with concurrent 3- to 9-month initial posttreatment (18)F-FDG PET/CT and serum CA-125 were identified from the radiology database. Prognostic value of posttreatment PET/CT, CA-125, age, race, and tumor stage were determined from Cox proportional hazard model using univariate and multivariate analyses. Time-dependent receiver operator curves were also calculated at various follow-up intervals. RESULTS In a univariate model, overall survival (OS) was associated with PET/CT (hazard ratio = 4.18; 95 % CI 1.49-11.70) and CA-125 (hazard ratio = 11.09; 95 % CI 4.27-28.79). When the effects of posttreatment PET/CT and CA-125 were combined in the multivariate analysis, hazard ratio for PET/CT increased to 4.84 (95 % CI 1.59-14.73, p = 0.005) and hazard ratio for CA-125 increased to 14.43 (95 % CI 4.65-44.84, p < 0.001). In the subset of patients with negative CA-125, posttreatment PET/CT had a hazard ratio of 2.98 (95 % CI 0.86-10.37), supporting the role of posttreatment PET/CT in risk stratification of patients with negative CA-125. Time-dependent receiver operator curves showed that the combination of PET/CT and CA-125 improved prognostic accuracy compared to PET/CT or CA-125 alone at 12-, 24-, 30-, and 36-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Posttreatment PET/CT can predict the survival of patients with ovarian carcinoma. The addition of posttreatment PET/CT to the CA-125 serum biomarker has an incremental value in improving prognostic accuracy, particularly in the subset of patients with negative CA-125.
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Hansen JM, Coleman RL, Sood AK. Targeting the tumour microenvironment in ovarian cancer. Eur J Cancer 2016; 56:131-143. [PMID: 26849037 PMCID: PMC4769921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2015.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The study of cancer initiation, growth, and metastasis has traditionally been focused on cancer cells, and the view that they proliferate due to uncontrolled growth signalling owing to genetic derangements. However, uncontrolled growth in tumours cannot be explained solely by aberrations in cancer cells themselves. To fully understand the biological behaviour of tumours, it is essential to understand the microenvironment in which cancer cells exist, and how they manipulate the surrounding stroma to promote the malignant phenotype. Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynaecologic cancer worldwide. The majority of patients will have objective responses to standard tumour debulking surgery and platinum-taxane doublet chemotherapy, but most will experience disease recurrence and chemotherapy resistance. As such, a great deal of effort has been put forth to develop therapies that target the tumour microenvironment in ovarian cancer. Herein, we review the key components of the tumour microenvironment as they pertain to this disease, outline targeting opportunities and supporting evidence thus far, and discuss resistance to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean M Hansen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Robert L Coleman
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX, USA; Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX, USA.
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43
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Cowan RA, O'Cearbhaill RE, Gardner GJ, Levine DA, Roche KL, Sonoda Y, Zivanovic O, Tew WP, Sala E, Lakhman Y, Vargas Alvarez HA, Sarasohn DM, Mironov S, Abu-Rustum NR, Chi DS. Is It Time to Centralize Ovarian Cancer Care in the United States? Ann Surg Oncol 2015; 23:989-93. [PMID: 26511267 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-015-4938-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this article was to broadly review the most up-to-date information pertaining to the centralization of ovarian cancer care in the United States (US) and worldwide. METHODS Much of the present literature pertaining to disparities in, and centralization of, ovarian cancer care in the US and internationally was reviewed, and specifically included original research and review articles. RESULTS Data show improved optimal debulking rates, National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guideline adherence, and overall survival rates in higher-volume, more specialized hospitals, and amongst higher-volume providers. CONCLUSIONS Patients with invasive epithelial ovarian cancer, especially those with higher stages (III and IV), are better served by centralized care in high-volume hospitals and by high-volume physicians, who adhere to NCCN guidelines wherever possible. More research is needed to determine the policy changes that can increase NCCN guideline adherence in low-volume hospitals and low-provider caseload scenarios. Policy and future research should be aimed at increasing patient access, either directly or indirectly, to high-volume hospital and high-volume providers, especially amongst Medicare, lower socioeconomic status, and minority patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee A Cowan
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roisin E O'Cearbhaill
- Gynecologic Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ginger J Gardner
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Douglas A Levine
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kara Long Roche
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yukio Sonoda
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Oliver Zivanovic
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - William P Tew
- Gynecologic Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Evis Sala
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yulia Lakhman
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hebert A Vargas Alvarez
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Debra M Sarasohn
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Svetlana Mironov
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nadeem R Abu-Rustum
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Dennis S Chi
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
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Li M, Hong LI, Liao M, Guo G. Expression and clinical significance of focal adhesion kinase and adrenomedullin in epithelial ovarian cancer. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:1003-1007. [PMID: 26622614 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and adrenomedullin (ADM) and determine their clinical significance and cooperative role in human epithelial ovarian cancer. The expression of FAK and ADM was investigated in epithelial ovarian cancer, benign ovarian tumors and normal control tissues by immunohistochemical staining and optical microscopy. The FAK and ADM expression and correlation with clinicopathological parameters was analyzed using SPSS 13.0 software. The expression of FAK and ADM in epithelial ovarian cancer was significantly higher compared with that in benign tumors or normal ovarian tissues (P<0.01); however, no significant difference was observed between benign tumors and normal tissues (P>0.05). The expression of FAK was found to be correlated with histological grade, clinical stage, lymph node metastasis and prognosis (P<0.05), but exhibited no significant association with patient age or histological type (P>0.05). The expression of ADM was significantly correlated with pathological grade, lymph node metastasis and prognosis (P<0.05), but not with age, clinical stage or histological type (P>0.05). The Spearman's rank correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between FAK and ADM expression (r=0.314). FAK and ADM were more highly expressed in epithelial ovarian cancer compared with benign tumors or normal ovarian tissues. Furthermore, FAK and ADM may play a cooperative role; specifically, FAK may upregulate ADM in the invasion and migration of epithelial ovarian cancer. Thus, FAK and ADM may represent potential biomarkers for evaluating the malignant potential and prognosis of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqun Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China ; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei 441100, P.R. China
| | - L I Hong
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Meimei Liao
- Department of Ultrasound Imaging, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Guanglin Guo
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
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Liu DT. EMMPRIN in gynecologic cancers: pathologic and therapeutic aspects. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:4883-8. [PMID: 25967458 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3544-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The highly glycosylated transmembrane protein extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) is associated with several pathological conditions, including various types of cancers. In different gynecological malignancies, such as ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancers, EMMPRIN plays significant roles in cell adhesion modulation, tumor growth, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis by inducing the production of various molecules, including matrix metalloproteinases and vascular endothelial growth factor. Because of its high level of expression, EMMPRIN can possibly be used as a diagnostic marker of gynecological cancers. Recent studies have showed that targeting EMMPRIN, especially by RNA interference (RNAi) technology, has promising therapeutic potential in basic research on gynecological cancer treatments, which make a platform for the future clinical success. This review study focused on the association of EMMPRIN in gynecological cancers in the perspectives of pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-tong Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061001, China,
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Hodeib M, Chang J, Liu F, Ziogas A, Dilley S, Randall LM, Anton-Culver H, Bristow RE. Socioeconomic status as a predictor of adherence to treatment guidelines for early-stage ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2015; 138:121-7. [PMID: 25913132 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Investigate the impact of socioeconomic status and other demographic variables on adherence to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network ovarian cancer treatment guidelines among patients with stage I/II disease. METHODS Patients diagnosed with stage I/II epithelial ovarian cancer between 1/1/96-12/31/06 were identified from the California Cancer Registry. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate differences in surgical procedures, chemotherapy regimens, and overall adherence to the NCCN guidelines according to increasing SES quintiles (SES-1 to SES-5). RESULTS A total of 5445 stage I and II patients were identified. The median age at diagnosis was 54.0years (range=18-99years); 72.5% of patients had stage I disease, while 27.5% had stage II disease. With a median follow-up time of 5years, the 5-year ovarian cancer-specific survival for all patients was 82.7% (SE=0.6%). Overall, 23.7% of patients received care that was adherent to the NCCN guidelines. Compared to patients in the highest SES quintile (SES-5), patients in the lowest SES quintile (SES-1) were significantly less likely to receive proper surgery (27.3% vs 47.9%, p<0.001) or chemotherapy (42.4% vs 53.6%, p<0.001). There were statistically significant trends between increasing SES and the likelihood of overall treatment plan adherence to the NCCN guidelines: SES-1=16.4%, SES-2=19.0%, SES-3=22.4%, SES-4=24.2% and SES-5=31.6% (p<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that compared to SES-5, decreasing SES was independently predictive of a higher risk of non-standard overall care. CONCLUSIONS For patients with early-stage ovarian cancer, low SES is a significant and independent predictor of deviation from the NCCN guidelines for surgery, chemotherapy, and overall treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Hodeib
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Irvine-Medical Center, Orange, CA, USA.
| | - Jenny Chang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Fong Liu
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Irvine-Medical Center, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Argyrios Ziogas
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Sarah Dilley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Leslie M Randall
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Irvine-Medical Center, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Robert E Bristow
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Irvine-Medical Center, Orange, CA, USA
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Landskron J, Helland Ø, Torgersen KM, Aandahl EM, Gjertsen BT, Bjørge L, Taskén K. Activated regulatory and memory T-cells accumulate in malignant ascites from ovarian carcinoma patients. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2015; 64:337-47. [PMID: 25416072 PMCID: PMC11029521 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-014-1636-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Invasive ovarian cancer is associated with poor outcome. The presence of infiltrating regulatory T-cells (Tregs) suppresses protective anti-tumor immune responses, and their accumulation into the tumor microenvironment correlates with reduced survival in ovarian cancer patients. Here, we conducted a detailed characterization of CD4(+) T-cells, CD8(+) T-cells and Treg subsets in the peripheral blood and malignant ascites fluid from seventeen patients with ovarian carcinoma of epithelial origin. Cell distribution, activation status and proliferation status were assessed by multi-color flow cytometry. In ascites fluid, a significant accumulation of CD8(+) cytotoxic T-cells and Tregs was observed compared to peripheral blood. Furthermore, a skewing toward the CD45RA(-) effector/memory compartment was observed in all T-cell subsets in the ascites fluid, but was most pronounced in the Treg population. Regulatory T-cells in the malignant ascites were more activated and had a higher proliferation rate compared to blood-derived cells from the same patient, and their number in ascites was positively correlated with the number of epithelial cells in effusion. In summary, we demonstrate an accumulation of activated CD4(+), CD8(+) and regulatory T-cells in the cancer microenvironment of ovarian carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Landskron
- Biotechnology Centre of Oslo, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1137, Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Centre for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Oslo and University Hospital of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øystein Helland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Internal Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Knut Martin Torgersen
- Biotechnology Centre of Oslo, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Present Address: Oncology Business Unit, Pfizer AS, Oslo, Norway
| | - Einar Martin Aandahl
- Biotechnology Centre of Oslo, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1137, Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, University of Oslo and University Hospital of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Section for Transplantation Surgery and Clinic for Specialized Medicine and Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Tore Gjertsen
- Centre of Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology Section, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Line Bjørge
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Internal Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kjetil Taskén
- Biotechnology Centre of Oslo, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1137, Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Centre for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Oslo and University Hospital of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, University of Oslo and University Hospital of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Infectious Diseases Clinic for Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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ARHI overexpression induces epithelial ovarian cancer cell apoptosis and excessive autophagy. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2015; 24:437-43. [PMID: 24476894 DOI: 10.1097/igc.0000000000000065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE ARHI is a maternally imprinted tumor suppressor gene that is responsible for initiating programmed cell death and inhibiting cancer cell growth. However, the influence of ARHI on epithelial ovarian cancer cell death and the underlying mechanisms behind how ARHI regulates cancer cells still require further studies. METHODS Epithelial ovarian cancer cells TOV112D and ES-2 were used in this in vitro study. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy activities were compared in TOV112D and ES-2 cells transfected with ARHI vectors or control vectors. Bcl-2 siRNA was transfected into TOV112D cells to investigate the roles of Bcl-2 played in regulating apoptosis and autophagy. RESULTS ARHI expression was reduced in TOV112D and ES-2 cells compared with normal epithelial ovarian cells (NOE095 and HOSEpiC). Overexpressed ARHI inhibited cancer cell proliferation, whereas induced forced cell apoptosis and excessive formation of autophagosomes inhibited promoted cell death. Furthermore, we found that Bcl-2 expression moderately declined in response to ARHI overexpressing in ES-2 and TOV112D cells; meanwhile, more apoptotic cells and higher LC3 level presented after silence of Bcl-2 in TOV112D cells. Reduced Bcl-2-Beclin 1 complex were observed in ARHI overexpressing cells. Moreover, modulation of ARHI to Bcl-2 expression could be ascribed partially to the activation of PI3k/AKT pathway. The addition of LY294002 enabled to suppress Bcl-2 expression and cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS The silence of ARHI expression in vitro seems to accelerate the malignant transformation of healthy ovarian cells by restraining apoptosis and autophagy. The overexpressed ARHI in TOV112D cancer cells suppresses the activation of PI3K/AKT and reduces the expression of Bcl-2, leading to enhanced cell apoptosis and autophagic cancer cell death.
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Havrilesky LJ, Dinan M, Sfakianos GP, Curtis LH, Barnett JC, Van Gorp T, Myers ER. Costs, effectiveness, and workload impact of management strategies for women with an adnexal mass. J Natl Cancer Inst 2014; 107:322. [PMID: 25515232 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/dju322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We compared the estimated clinical outcomes, costs, and physician workload resulting from available strategies for deciding which women with an adnexal mass should be referred to a gynecologic oncologist. METHODS We used a microsimulation model to compare five referral strategies: 1) American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) guidelines, 2) Multivariate Index Assay (MIA) algorithm, 3) Risk of Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA), 4) CA125 alone with lowered cutoff values to prioritize test sensitivity over specificity, 5) referral of all women (Refer All). Test characteristics and relative survival were obtained from the literature and data from a biomarker validation study. Medical costs were estimated using Medicare reimbursements. Travel costs were estimated using discharge data from Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results-Medicare and State Inpatient Databases. Analyses were performed separately for pre- and postmenopausal women (60 000 "subjects" in each), repeated 10 000 times. RESULTS Refer All was cost-effective compared with less expensive strategies in both postmenopausal (incremental cost-effectiveness ratio [ICER] $9423/year of life saved (LYS) compared with CA125) and premenopausal women (ICER $10 644/YLS compared with CA125), but would result in an additional 73 cases/year/subspecialist. MIA was more expensive and less effective than Refer All in pre- and postmenopausal women. If Refer All is not a viable option, CA125 is an optimal strategy in postmenopausal women. CONCLUSIONS Referral of all women to a subspecialist is an efficient strategy for managing women with adnexal masses requiring surgery, assuming sufficient capacity for additional surgical volume. If a test-based triage strategy is needed, CA125 with lowered cutoff values is a cost-effective strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Havrilesky
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology (LJH), and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (LJH, ERM), Department of Medicine (MD, LHC), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (LJH, ERM); St. Francis Hospital, Columbus, GA (GPS); Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Antonio Military Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, TX (JCB); Division of Gynaecological Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (TVG); Division of Gynaecological Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MUMC., GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (TVG).
| | - Michaela Dinan
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology (LJH), and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (LJH, ERM), Department of Medicine (MD, LHC), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (LJH, ERM); St. Francis Hospital, Columbus, GA (GPS); Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Antonio Military Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, TX (JCB); Division of Gynaecological Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (TVG); Division of Gynaecological Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MUMC., GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (TVG)
| | - Gregory P Sfakianos
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology (LJH), and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (LJH, ERM), Department of Medicine (MD, LHC), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (LJH, ERM); St. Francis Hospital, Columbus, GA (GPS); Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Antonio Military Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, TX (JCB); Division of Gynaecological Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (TVG); Division of Gynaecological Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MUMC., GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (TVG)
| | - Lesley H Curtis
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology (LJH), and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (LJH, ERM), Department of Medicine (MD, LHC), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (LJH, ERM); St. Francis Hospital, Columbus, GA (GPS); Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Antonio Military Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, TX (JCB); Division of Gynaecological Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (TVG); Division of Gynaecological Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MUMC., GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (TVG)
| | - Jason C Barnett
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology (LJH), and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (LJH, ERM), Department of Medicine (MD, LHC), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (LJH, ERM); St. Francis Hospital, Columbus, GA (GPS); Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Antonio Military Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, TX (JCB); Division of Gynaecological Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (TVG); Division of Gynaecological Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MUMC., GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (TVG)
| | - Toon Van Gorp
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology (LJH), and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (LJH, ERM), Department of Medicine (MD, LHC), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (LJH, ERM); St. Francis Hospital, Columbus, GA (GPS); Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Antonio Military Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, TX (JCB); Division of Gynaecological Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (TVG); Division of Gynaecological Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MUMC., GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (TVG)
| | - Evan R Myers
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology (LJH), and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (LJH, ERM), Department of Medicine (MD, LHC), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (LJH, ERM); St. Francis Hospital, Columbus, GA (GPS); Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Antonio Military Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, TX (JCB); Division of Gynaecological Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (TVG); Division of Gynaecological Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MUMC., GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands (TVG)
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Wang DH, Guo L, Wu XH. Checkpoint inhibitors in immunotherapy of ovarian cancer. Tumour Biol 2014; 36:33-9. [PMID: 25409618 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2848-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of ovarian cancer is a major challenge in oncology as mortality from ovarian cancer remains very high. The immune system plays a critical role in controlling cancer through a dynamic relationship with cancer cells. Immunotherapy can establish a sustained immune system response against recurring cancer cells leading to long-term remissions for ovarian cancer patient. The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors, which work by targeting molecules that serve as checks and balances in the regulation of immune responses, might be a promising avenue of immunotherapeutic research in ovarian cancer. In this review, we have focused on the potential of certain immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigens, anti-programmed death agents, and anti-program death ligands against ovarian cancer, with their mechanism of actions. Also, the problems arising due to checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy have been discussed in this review. Checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy is still in early-phase testing for ovarian cancer. Understanding the pivotal role of the tumor microenvironment in suppressing anticancer immunity, the unique adverse effects profiles of these agents, and the exploration of combinatorial treatment regimens will ultimately lead to enhance the efficacy of ovarian cancer immunotherapies and improved patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-hui Wang
- First Department of Gynecology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061001, Hebei, China,
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