1
|
Bi C, Huang Y, Ali R, Wang F, Yang X, Bouska A, Xu L, Hao X, Lunning MA, Chan WC, Iqbal J, Weisenburger DD, Vose JM, Fu K. MYC overexpression in natural killer cell lymphoma: prognostic and therapeutic implications. Haematologica 2024; 109:2810-2821. [PMID: 38546691 PMCID: PMC11367202 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2023.283811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The current clinical management of extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) primarily depends on conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy, underscoring the need for innovative therapeutic strategies. This study explores the clinical significance and therapeutic implication of c-MYC (MYC) in ENKTL. Initially, we identified MYC protein overexpression in approximately 75% of cases within a large cohort of 111 patients. MYC overexpression was strongly correlated with lymphoma cell proliferation and poor clinical outcomes. Intriguingly, integrating MYC expression into the prognostic index of NK cells lymphoma with Epstein-Barr virus (PINK-E) prognostic model significantly enhanced its predictive power. Subsequently, we implemented MYC knockdown in NK malignancy cell lines with MYC overexpression, resulting in significant viability reduction. RNA sequencing used to determine MYC function revealed a high overlap with canonical MYC-regulated genes and enrichment in metabolism and cell cycle regulation. Integrative analysis of the RNA-sequencing data upon MYC knockdown with gene expression profiles of primary ENKTL cases identified a subset of genes closely associated with MYC overexpression. Among these, CDK4 emerged as a potential therapeutic target, and its inhibition not only abrogated MYC function but also decreased MYC expression in NK malignancy cells. Furthermore, the clinical-grade CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib exhibited a potent anti-tumor effect in xenograft mouse models, especially when combined with gemcitabine. In summary, our study firmly establishes MYC as an oncogene with prognostic significance in ENKTL and highlights CDK4 inhibition as a promising therapeutic strategy for treating ENKTL with MYC overexpression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengfeng Bi
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE.
| | - Yuhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong
| | - Roshia Ali
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong
| | - Xia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong
| | - Alyssa Bouska
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA; Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan
| | - Xinbao Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing
| | - Matthew A Lunning
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Wing C Chan
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - Javeed Iqbal
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Dennis D Weisenburger
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Julie M Vose
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Kai Fu
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang C, Wang L. Resistance mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies in relapsed or refractory natural killer/T cell lymphoma. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024:00029330-990000000-01193. [PMID: 39175124 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000003152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Natural killer/T cell lymphoma (NKTCL) is a malignant tumor originating from NK or T cells, characterized by its highly aggressive and heterogeneous nature. NKTCL is predominantly associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection, disproportionately affecting Asian and Latin American populations. Owing to the application of asparaginase and immunotherapy, clinical outcomes have improved significantly. However, for patients in whom first-line treatment fails, the prognosis is exceedingly poor. Overexpression of multidrug resistance genes, abnormal signaling pathways, epigenetic modifications and active Epstein-Barr virus infection may be responsible for resistance. This review summarized the mechanisms of resistance for NKTCL and proposed potential therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengji Wang
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu L, Mo W, Chen M, Qu Y, Wang P, Liang Y, Yan X. Targeted inhibition of DHODH is synergistic with BCL2 blockade in HGBCL with concurrent MYC and BCL2 rearrangement. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:761. [PMID: 38918775 PMCID: PMC11197201 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12534-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
High-grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBCL), the subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, to be relapsed or refractory in patients after initial therapy or salvage chemotherapy. Dual dysregulation of MYC and BCL2 is one of the important pathogenic mechanisms. Thus, combined targeting of MYC and BCL2 appears to be a promising strategy. Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is the fourth rate-limiting enzyme for the de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidine. It has been shown to be a potential therapeutic target for multiple diseases. In this study, the DHODH inhibitor brequinar exhibited growth inhibition, cell cycle blockade, and apoptosis promotion in HGBCL cell lines with MYC and BCL2 rearrangements. The combination of brequinar and BCL2 inhibitors venetoclax had a synergistic inhibitory effect on the survival of DHL cells through different pathways. Venetoclax could upregulate MCL-1 and MYC expression, which has been reported as a resistance mechanism of BCL2 inhibitors. Brequinar downregulated MCL-1 and MYC, which could potentially overcome drug resistance to venetoclax in HGBCL cells. Furthermore, brequinar could downregulate a broad range of genes, including ribosome biosynthesis genes, which might contribute to its anti-tumor effects. In vivo studies demonstrated synergetic tumor growth inhibition in xenograft models with brequinar and venetoclax combination treatment. These results provide preliminary evidence for the rational combination of DHODH and BCL2 blockade in HGBCL with abnormal MYC and BCL2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Wenbin Mo
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Miao Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Yi Qu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Pingping Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Ying Liang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Xiaojing Yan
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
- , No. 155, North Nanjing Road, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhong Y, Xie J, Chen J, Ping L, Zang S, Zhang Y, Feng Y, Huang Y. Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma Predominantly Composed of Anaplastic Cells: A Frequently Misdiagnosed and Highly Aggressive Variant. Am J Surg Pathol 2024; 48:174-182. [PMID: 37982454 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000002156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) is a non-Hodgkin lymphoma associated with the Epstein-Barr virus that primarily affects individuals in East Asia and indigenous populations in Central and South America. Morphologically, ENKTL typically consists of medium-sized cells or a combination of small and large cells. This report presents 10 cases characterized by predominantly anaplastic cells with diffuse expression of CD30, resembling anaplastic lymphoma kinase-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK-negative ALCL) and demonstrating highly aggressive behavior. The cohort included 9 males and 1 female, ranging in age from 29 to 65 years (median age: 47 y). Eight patients presented with nasal disease, while 2 had non-nasal disease. Five patients had stage I/II disease, and the remaining 5 had stage III/IV disease. Morphologically, necrosis was observed in 9 cases, angiocentric-angiodestructive growth in 3 cases, and pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia in 2 cases. Anaplastic cells predominated in all cases, with some displaying eccentric, horseshoe-shaped, or kidney-shaped nuclei (referred to as "Hallmark" cells). The morphology profile was monomorphic in 3 cases and polymorphic in 7 cases. Immunohistochemically, all cases tested positive for cytotoxic granule markers (TIA1 and granzymeB) and Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA. Cytoplasmic expression of CD3ε and CD56 was observed in 9 of 10 cases. Interestingly, most cases (7 of 8) exhibited variable expression of MuM1, ranging from 10% to 90%. All cases showed diffuse positivity for CD30 but were negative for ALK, resulting in 3 cases being initially misdiagnosed as ALK-negative ALCL. Compared with nonanaplastic cases, anaplastic cells predominant ENKTL had a significantly higher frequency of "B" symptoms, bone marrow involvement, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, and higher Ki67 proliferative index. These findings provide valuable information for pathologists, expanding their understanding of the cytologic spectrum of ENKTL. This rare variant of ENKTL, characterized by the predominance of anaplastic cells and diffuse CD30 expression, exhibits high aggressiveness and should be differentiated from ALK-negative ALCL. Awareness of this uncommon variant is crucial in preventing misdiagnosis and ensuring the timely initiation of therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
| | - Jianlan Xie
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University
| | - Jierong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
| | - Liqin Ping
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shengbing Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
| | - Yingchun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
| | - Yanfen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
| | - Yuhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Gansu Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, Chiina
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Khameneh HJ, Fonta N, Zenobi A, Niogret C, Ventura P, Guerra C, Kwee I, Rinaldi A, Pecoraro M, Geiger R, Cavalli A, Bertoni F, Vivier E, Trumpp A, Guarda G. Myc controls NK cell development, IL-15-driven expansion, and translational machinery. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202302069. [PMID: 37105715 PMCID: PMC10140547 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
MYC is a pleiotropic transcription factor involved in cancer, cell proliferation, and metabolism. Its regulation and function in NK cells, which are innate cytotoxic lymphocytes important to control viral infections and cancer, remain poorly defined. Here, we show that mice deficient for Myc in NK cells presented a severe reduction in these lymphocytes. Myc was required for NK cell development and expansion in response to the key cytokine IL-15, which induced Myc through transcriptional and posttranslational mechanisms. Mechanistically, Myc ablation in vivo largely impacted NK cells' ribosomagenesis, reducing their translation and expansion capacities. Similar results were obtained by inhibiting MYC in human NK cells. Impairing translation by pharmacological intervention phenocopied the consequences of deleting or blocking MYC in vitro. Notably, mice lacking Myc in NK cells exhibited defective anticancer immunity, which reflected their decreased numbers of mature NK cells exerting suboptimal cytotoxic functions. These results indicate that MYC is a central node in NK cells, connecting IL-15 to translational fitness, expansion, and anticancer immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanif J Khameneh
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Fonta
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Zenobi
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Charlène Niogret
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Ventura
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Concetta Guerra
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Ivo Kwee
- BigOmics Analytics SA, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Rinaldi
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Pecoraro
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Roger Geiger
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Bertoni
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Eric Vivier
- Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
- Innate Pharma Research Laboratories, Marseille, France
- APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille-Immunopôle, Marseille, France
| | - Andreas Trumpp
- Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
- HI-STEM: The Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine gGmbH, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Greta Guarda
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
EBV and the Pathogenesis of NK/T Cell Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061414. [PMID: 33808787 PMCID: PMC8003370 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous gamma herpes virus with tropism for B cells. EBV is linked to the pathogenesis of B cell, T cell and NK cell lymphoproliferations, with extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTCL) being the prototype of an EBV-driven lymphoma. ENKTCL is an aggressive neoplasm, particularly widespread in East Asia and the native population of Latin America, which suggests a strong genetic predisposition. The link between ENKTCL and different populations has been partially explored. EBV genome sequencing analysis recognized two types of strains and identified variants of the latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), which revealed different oncogenic potential. In general, most ENKTCL patients carry EBV type A with LMP1 wild type, although the LMP1 variant with a 30 base pair deletion is also common, especially in the EBV type B, where it is necessary for oncogenic transformation. Contemporary high-throughput mutational analyses have discovered recurrent gene mutations leading to activation of the JAK-STAT pathway, and mutations in other genes such as BCOR, DDX3X and TP53. The genomic landscape in ENKTCL highlights mechanisms of lymphomagenesis, such as immune response evasion, secondary to alterations in signaling pathways or epigenetics that directly or indirectly interfere with oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. This overview discusses the most important findings of EBV pathogenesis and genetics in ENKTCL.
Collapse
|
7
|
Robert A, Pujals A, Favre L, Debernardi J, Wiels J. The BCL-2 family protein inhibitor ABT-737 as an additional tool for the treatment of EBV-associated post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:2520-2532. [PMID: 32623836 PMCID: PMC7530790 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) and Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) are B‐cell malignancies strongly associated with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection. In these lymphoproliferative disorders, EBV infection induces an increase in the expression of the anti‐apoptotic protein BCL‐2. Given its chemoprotective effect, BCL‐2 constitutes an attractive target for new therapeutic strategies for EBV‐positive B‐cell malignancies. Here, we show that ABT‐737, a small inhibitor of BCL‐2, BCL‐X(L), and BCL‐w, strongly induced apoptosis in vitro in EBV‐positive lymphoblastoid cell lines (which is a model for PTLD), whereas BL was less sensitive. ABT‐737 reduced tumor growth and increased the overall survival of mice in a xenograft model of PTLD but had no effect on BL xenograft mice. ABT‐737 combined with a low dose of cyclophosphamide, a major component of the conventional CHOP chemotherapy regimen for BL patients, reduced tumor growth during treatment but failed to improve the overall survival of BL xenograft mice. By contrast, the combination of ABT‐737 and rituximab, one of the main options for the treatment of PTLD, was highly efficient and induced approximately 70% remission in PTLD xenograft mice. These results suggest that the use of agents targeting BCL‐2, either alone or in combination with other conventional drugs, represents a novel promising approach for post‐transplant EBV‐positive B lymphoproliferative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aude Robert
- UMR 8126 CNRS, Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,INSERM 1279, Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, 94805, France
| | - Anaïs Pujals
- UMR 8126 CNRS, Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Département de Pathologie, Inserm U955, CHU Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Loetitia Favre
- UMR 8126 CNRS, Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Département de Pathologie, Inserm U955, CHU Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Justine Debernardi
- UMR 8126 CNRS, Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Joëlle Wiels
- UMR 8126 CNRS, Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gu J, Zhang Y, Wang X, Xiang J, Deng S, Wu D, Chen J, Yu L, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Shen J. Matrine inhibits the growth of natural killer/T-cell lymphoma cells by modulating CaMKIIγ-c-Myc signaling pathway. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:214. [PMID: 32641029 PMCID: PMC7346655 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background C-Myc overexpression is associated with poor prognosis and aggressive progression of natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL). Matrine, a main alkaloid of the traditional Chinese herb Sophora flavescens Ait, has been shown to inhibit cellular proliferation and induce apoptosis of various cancer cells. The present study investigated the effects and possible mechanisms of matrine inhibiting the growth of natural killer/T-cell lymphoma cells. Methods The effects of matrine on the proliferation, apoptosis and expression of apoptotic molecules, STAT3, LMP1, RUNX3, EZH2 and activation of CaMKIIγ/c-Myc pathway were examined in cultured NKTCL cell line NK92 cells. Results In cultured NK92 cells, matrine inhibited the proliferation in a dose and time dependent manner. The IC50 value of matrine was 1.71 mM for 72 h post exposure in NK92 cells. Matrine induced apoptosis with decreased Bcl-2 expression and the proteasome-dependent degradation of c-Myc protein in NK92 cells. c-Myc protein half-life in NK92 was reduced from 80.7 min to 33.4 min after matrine treatment, which meant the stability of c-Myc was decreased after matrine exposure. Furthermore, we found that matrine downregulated c-Myc phosphorylation at Ser62 together with the inhibition of CaMKIIγ, a key regulator of c-Myc protein in NKTCL. The downregulation of c-Myc transcription by matrine was mediated through LMP1 inhibition. We also observed that anti-proliferative activity of matrine was irrelevant to STAT3, RUNX3 and EZH2. Conclusions The results of the present study indicated that matrine inhibits the growth of natural killer/T-cell lymphoma cells by modulating LMP1-c-Myc and CaMKIIγ-c-Myc signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianyou Gu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Zhejiang, 310006, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Circulatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, No. 54 Youdian Road, Zhejiang, 310006, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Zhejiang, 310006, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Zhejiang, 310006, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Circulatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, No. 54 Youdian Road, Zhejiang, 310006, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Xiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Zhejiang, 310006, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shu Deng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Zhejiang, 310006, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dijiong Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Zhejiang, 310006, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junfa Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Zhejiang, 310006, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lihong Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Zhejiang, 310006, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Zhejiang, 310006, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaokun Wang
- Shaoxing Second Hospital, No. 123 Yanan Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Jianping Shen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Zhejiang, 310006, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xiong J, Cui BW, Wang N, Dai YT, Zhang H, Wang CF, Zhong HJ, Cheng S, Ou-Yang BS, Hu Y, Zhang X, Xu B, Qian WB, Tao R, Yan F, Hu JD, Hou M, Ma XJ, Wang X, Liu YH, Zhu ZM, Huang XB, Liu L, Wu CY, Huang L, Shen YF, Huang RB, Xu JY, Wang C, Wu DP, Yu L, Li JF, Xu PP, Wang L, Huang JY, Chen SJ, Zhao WL. Genomic and Transcriptomic Characterization of Natural Killer T Cell Lymphoma. Cancer Cell 2020; 37:403-419.e6. [PMID: 32183952 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer/T cell lymphoma (NKTCL) is an aggressive and heterogeneous entity of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, strongly associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. To identify molecular subtypes of NKTCL based on genomic structural alterations and EBV sequences, we performed multi-omics study on 128 biopsy samples of newly diagnosed NKTCL and defined three prominent subtypes, which differ significantly in cell of origin, EBV gene expression, transcriptional signatures, and responses to asparaginase-based regimens and targeted therapy. Our findings thus identify molecular networks of EBV-associated pathogenesis and suggest potential clinical strategies on NKTCL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Bo-Wen Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Nan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yu-Ting Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China; School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao-Fu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Juan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Shu Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Bin-Shen Ou-Yang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wen-Bin Qian
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rong Tao
- Department of Hematology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Da Hu
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ming Hou
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xue-Jun Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Province Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan-Hua Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Zun-Min Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Henan Province People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Bin Huang
- Department of Hematology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Hematology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chong-Yang Wu
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Hospital (T.C.M) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yun-Feng Shen
- Department of Hematology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Rui-Bin Huang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jing-Yan Xu
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai General Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - De-Pei Wu
- Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jian-Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Peng-Peng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China; Pôle de Recherches Sino-Français en Science du Vivant et Génomique, Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Sai-Juan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China; Pôle de Recherches Sino-Français en Science du Vivant et Génomique, Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wei-Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China; Pôle de Recherches Sino-Français en Science du Vivant et Génomique, Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
de Mel S, Hue SSS, Jeyasekharan AD, Chng WJ, Ng SB. Molecular pathogenic pathways in extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma. J Hematol Oncol 2019; 12:33. [PMID: 30935402 PMCID: PMC6444858 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-019-0716-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTL) is an aggressive malignancy with a dismal prognosis. Although L-asparaginase-based chemotherapy has resulted in improved response rates, relapse occurs in up to 50% of patients with disseminated disease. There is hence an urgent need for effective targeted therapy, especially for patients with relapsed or refractory disease. Novel insights gleaned from high-throughput molecular and genomic profiling studies in recent years have contributed significantly to the understanding of the molecular biology of ENKTL, which exemplifies many of the hallmarks of cancer. Deregulated pro-proliferative signaling pathways, such as the Janus-associated kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), Aurora kinase, MYC, and NF-κB, have been identified as potential therapeutic targets. The discovery of the non-canonical function of EZH2 as a pro-proliferative transcriptional co-activator has shed further light on the pathogenesis of ENKTL. Loss of key tumor suppressor genes located on chromosome 6q21 also plays an important role. The best-studied examples include PR domain zinc finger protein 1(PRDM1), protein tyrosine phosphatase kappa (PTPRK), and FOXO3. Promoter hypermethylation has been shown to result in the downregulation of other tumor suppressor genes in ENKTL, which may be potentially targeted through hypomethylating agents. Deregulation of apoptosis through p53 mutations and upregulation of the anti-apoptotic protein, survivin, may provide a further growth advantage to this tumor. A deranged DNA damage response as a result of the aberration of ataxia telangiectasia-related (ATR) kinases can lead to significant genomic instability and may contribute to chemoresistance of ENKTL. Recently, immune evasion has emerged as a critical pathway for survival in ENKTL and may be a consequence of HLA dysregulation or STAT3-driven upregulation of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1). Immunotherapy via inhibition of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 checkpoint signaling holds great promise as a novel therapeutic option. In this review, we present an overview of the key molecular and pathogenic pathways in ENKTL, organized using the framework of the "hallmarks of cancer" as described by Hanahan and Weinberg, with a focus on those with the greatest translational potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay de Mel
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Susan Swee-Shan Hue
- Department of Pathology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anand D Jeyasekharan
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wee-Joo Chng
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore, 119228, Singapore. .,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Siok-Bian Ng
- Department of Pathology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore. .,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119074, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bryer E, Henry D. Isolated hypoglossal nerve palsy as a presenting symptom of metastatic peripheral T-cell lymphoma - not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS): a unique case & a review of the literature. Int J Hematol Oncol 2018; 7:IJH03. [PMID: 30302235 PMCID: PMC6176955 DOI: 10.2217/ijh-2018-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive and significant technological advancements have enhanced the sensitivity and accuracy of the pathologic classification, diagnosis, and therapeutics of lymphoma. These advances have prompted a more comprehensive understanding of neoplastic behavior and have led to improvements in both treatment and prognosis. This paper presents a comprehensive review of lymphoma and features a case report of a unique presentation of peripheral T-cell lymphoma - not otherwise specified that presented with isolated hypoglossal nerve dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Bryer
- Pennsylvania Hospital, University of Pennsylvania Health System, 800 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - David Henry
- Pennsylvania Hospital, University of Pennsylvania Health System, 800 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kansy B, Lang S. [Immunotherapy - The New Era of Oncology]. Laryngorhinootologie 2018; 97:S3-S47. [PMID: 29905353 PMCID: PMC6541097 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-121594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
In the field of immunotherapy, essential progress was achieved over the past years partially demonstrating long lasting therapeutic responses in different tumor entities. A better understanding of the interactions between the tumor and the immune system as well as the integration of immunotherapeutic approaches into clinical routine were the foundations for this development. The different approaches intervene on multiple levels of the immune response and directly or indirectly mount the patient‘s own immune defense against tumor cells. Immunotherapeutic approaches are represented by cytokine therapies, vaccinations, the use of oncolytic viruses and monoclonal antibody therapies as well as adoptive cell transfer strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Kansy
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen
| | - Stephan Lang
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Huang F, Wang J, Yu F, Tang Y, Ding G, Yang Z, Sun Y. Protective Effect of Meretrix meretrix Oligopeptides on High-Fat-Diet-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16020039. [PMID: 29360762 PMCID: PMC5852467 DOI: 10.3390/md16020039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of MMO (Meretrix meretrix oligopeptides) on mice fed a high-fat diet. Mice were fed either a normal control diet (NC) or a high-fat diet (HFD) without or with MMO (50 mg/kg or 250 mg/kg) for four weeks. Levels of ALT, AST, liver tissue GSH-Px, and SOD activities, MDA levels were measured using commercially available kits; HE staining was performed to analyze pathologic changes of the liver; a TEM assay was performed to measure the ultrastructural alterations of the mitochondria, and Western blotting was performed to detect the expression of gene proteins related to lipid metabolism, inflammation, and liver apoptosis. After six weeks, body weight, ALT, AST, and MDA levels were significantly increased, and GSH-Px levels and SOD activities were significantly decreased in the HFD control group compared with the NC group. Consumption of the HFD compared with the NC caused fatty liver abnormal mitochondria with loss of cristae, intramitochondrial granules, and a swollen and rarefied matrix. Administration of MMO significantly decreased body weight gain, and ALT, AST, and MDA levels; increased SOD activity and GSH-Px levels; alleviated fatty liver steatosis; decreased the early apoptosis population; downregulated SREBP-1c, Bax, Caspase-9, Caspase-3, TNF-α, and NF-κB protein levels; and upregulated PPAR-α, Bcl-2, and AMPK-α, compared with the HFD control group. MMO exhibited protective effects in mice with NAFLD by regulating the NF-κB anti-inflammation signaling pathways to inhibit inflammation, regulate AMPK-α, PPAR-α and SREBP-1c to improve lipid metabolism disorder, and regulate Bcl-2/Bax anti-apoptosis signaling pathways to prevent liver cell apoptosis. These results suggest that dietary supplementation with MMO ameliorates high-fat-diet-induced NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Huang
- School of Food Science and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial Key Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China.
| | - Jiajia Wang
- School of Food Science and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial Key Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China.
| | - Fangmiao Yu
- School of Food Science and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial Key Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China.
| | - Yunping Tang
- School of Food Science and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial Key Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China.
| | - Guofang Ding
- School of Food Science and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial Key Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China.
| | - Zuisu Yang
- School of Food Science and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial Key Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China.
| | - Yu Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, Zhejiang Ocean University Donghai Science and Technology College, Zhoushan 316000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yang TQ, Chen M, Wang YQ, Xu W, Han Y, Xu J, Xiang YJ, Yuan B, Wang HZ, Zhou YX. Nuclear factor-kappa B1 inhibits early apoptosis of glioma cells by promoting the expression of Bcl-2. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:4305-4313. [PMID: 28919779 PMCID: PMC5587140 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s144014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is one of the most common types of adult primary brain tumors, and the underlying molecular mechanisms still remain unclear. Nuclear factor-kappa B1 (NF-κB1) is involved in a variety of malignancies and is widely expressed in malignant tumors. However, the expression of NF-κB1 in different grades of glioma, the correlation between NF-κB1 and Bcl-2 expressions in gliomas, and the research between NF-κB1 and early apoptosis of glioma cells have not been reported so far. In this study, the expression level of NF-κB1 in 31 human glioma tissues and six nonneoplastic brain tissues was determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results showed that the expression of NF-κB1 in human glioma tissues and glioma cell lines, SHG44 and U87, was significantly higher compared to noncancerous brain tissues and that the expression increased with increasing degrees of tumor malignancy. Similar results were demonstrated with the expression of Bcl-2 in the same human glioma specimens. Flow cytometry results showed that inhibition of NF-κB1 expression significantly promoted apoptosis of SHG44 and U87 in human glioma cells. Western blot analysis further confirmed decreased expression of Bcl-2 protein after inhibition of NF-κB1 protein expression. Taken together, NF-κB1 overexpression inhibits early apoptosis of glioma cells and high expression of NF-κB1 promotes the expression of antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2. Therefore, our study results provide a theoretical basis for antiapoptotic mechanism of tumor cells in association with NF-κB1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Quan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University
| | - Yong-Qiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University
| | - Yong Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University
| | - Yong-Jun Xiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University
| | - Bin Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University
| | - Hang-Zhou Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University
| | - You-Xin Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|