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Fei M, Li X, Liang S, Zhou S, Wu H, Sun L, Liu Y, Hu Q, Liu L, Wang J. LncRNA PWRN1 inhibits the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by activating PKM2 activity. Cancer Lett 2024; 584:216620. [PMID: 38218456 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent and leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to play vital roles in cancer development and progression. The lncRNA PWRN1 (PWRN1), acts as a tumor suppressor factor, which is low expressed in some cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of PWRN1, especially the regulatory relationship with RNA binding protein in HCC remain largely unknown. In the present study, we demonstrated that PWRN1 was significantly down-regulated in HCC and correlated with better prognosis; furthermore, gain-of-function experiments showed that PWRN1 inhibited the proliferation of HCC cells. We further found that PWRN1 up-regulated pyruvate kinase activity and thus hinders the proliferation of HCC in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) was bound to it and maintained the high activity state of PKM2, thereby hindering PKM2 from entering the nucleus in the form of low-activity dimers, reducing the expression of c-Myc downstream gene LDHA, leading to a decrease in lactate levels, and inhibiting the growth of tumor cells. In addition, PWRN1 was found to inhibit aerobic glycolysis. Finally, TEPP-46, a pyruvate kinase activator, appeared to inhibit HCC proliferation by maintaining tetramer stability and increasing pyruvate kinase activity. Taken together, our results provide new insights into the biology hindering HCC proliferation and indicate that PWRN1 in combination with PKM2 activators might represent a novel therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Fei
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Swan Lake Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xianying Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Swan Lake Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, China
| | - Shuhang Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Swan Lake Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, China
| | - Shuo Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Swan Lake Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, China
| | - Huihui Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Swan Lake Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, China
| | - Linmao Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Swan Lake Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Swan Lake Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, China
| | - Qingsong Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Swan Lake Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Lianxin Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Swan Lake Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Jiabei Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Swan Lake Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, China.
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Sun X, Jiang M, Wang Z, Xu C, Ma Z. GREM1 knockdown regulates the proliferation, apoptosis and EMT of benign prostatic hyperplasia by suppressing the STAT3/ c-Myc signaling. Tissue Cell 2024; 86:102231. [PMID: 37931534 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gremlin 1 (GREM1) has been reported to be highly expressed in prostate hyperplasia tissues. However, the role and molecular mechanism of GREM1 in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is still unclear. METHODS In this study, expression of GREM1 in BPH-1 cells was detected by western blot assay. Cell counting kit-8 assay was performed to assess cell proliferation. Flow cytometry and western blot were used to assess cell apoptosis and cell cycle. The EMT process was detected by western blot assay and immunofluorescence staining. In addition, colivelin was used as a STAT3 activator and the expressions of STAT3/c-Myc signaling were assessed by western blot assay. RESULTS The data showed that GREM1 silencing inhibited BPH-1 cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis. Moreover, GREM1 silencing repressed the cell cycle progression and the development of EMT. In addition, knockdown of GREM1 suppressed the expression of the STAT3/c-Myc signaling in BPH-1 cells and colivelin treatment rehabilitated this signaling. Moreover, c-Myc overexpression or colivelin reversed the effects of GREM1 silencing on BPH-1 cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, cell cycle, as well as EMT. CONCLUSION To sum up, GREM1 silencing may alleviate the BPH progress by inhibiting the STAT3/c-Myc signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Sun
- Department of Urology, Suzhou Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province 215200, China
| | - Minjun Jiang
- Department of Urology, Suzhou Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province 215200, China
| | - Zhenfan Wang
- Department of Urology, Suzhou Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province 215200, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Urology, Suzhou Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province 215200, China
| | - Zheng Ma
- Department of Urology, Suzhou Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province 215200, China.
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Chen Y, Guo W, Guo X, Wanqing Q, Yin Z. The clinical utilization of SNIP1 and its pathophysiological mechanisms in disease. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24601. [PMID: 38304835 PMCID: PMC10831730 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Smad intranuclear binding protein 1 (SNIP1), a highly conserved nuclear protein, functions as a transcriptional regulator and exerts a significant influence on disease progression. In addition, the N-terminal domain of SNIP1 facilitates its interaction with Smad4, a signaling protein associated with the TGF-β family, and RelA/p65, a transcription factor connected to NF-κB. This interaction further enhances the transcriptional activation of c-Myc-dependent genes. Presently, the primary emphasis in research is directed towards targeting the catalytic domain of SNIP1, as it holds promise as a potential therapeutic target for various diseases. While the significance of SNIP1 in pathological mechanisms remains uncertain, this review aims to comprehensively examine the existing literature on the association between SNIP1 and proteins implicated in the regulation of diverse clinical conditions, including cancer, inflammation, and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinzhong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Medical Imaging, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Xiucheng Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Qiao Wanqing
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Zongsheng Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Seaton G, Smith H, Brancale A, Westwell AD, Clarkson R. Multifaceted roles for BCL3 in cancer: a proto-oncogene comes of age. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:7. [PMID: 38195591 PMCID: PMC10775530 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01922-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
In the early 1990's a group of unrelated genes were identified from the sites of recurring translocations in B-cell lymphomas. Despite sharing the nomenclature 'Bcl', and an association with blood-borne cancer, these genes have unrelated functions. Of these genes, BCL2 is best known as a key cancer target involved in the regulation of caspases and other cell viability mechanisms. BCL3 on the other hand was originally identified as a non-canonical regulator of NF-kB transcription factor pathways - a signaling mechanism associated with important cell outcomes including many of the hallmarks of cancer. Most of the early investigations into BCL3 function have since focused on its role in NF-kB mediated cell proliferation, inflammation/immunity and cancer. However, recent evidence is coming to light that this protein directly interacts with and modulates a number of other signaling pathways including DNA damage repair, WNT/β-catenin, AKT, TGFβ/SMAD3 and STAT3 - all of which have key roles in cancer development, metastatic progression and treatment of solid tumours. Here we review the direct evidence demonstrating BCL3's central role in a transcriptional network of signaling pathways that modulate cancer biology and treatment response in a range of solid tumour types and propose common mechanisms of action of BCL3 which may be exploited in the future to target its oncogenic effects for patient benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian Seaton
- European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Biosciences, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Hannah Smith
- European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Biosciences, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Andrea Brancale
- UCT Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, 6 - Dejvice, IČO: 60461337, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andrew D Westwell
- Cardiff University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Redwood Building, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Richard Clarkson
- European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Biosciences, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK.
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Liu Q, Niu ZP, Yang K, Song JR, Wei XN, Huang YB, Yuan CM, Li YM. Synergistic combination of isogarcinol isolated from edible fruits of Garcinia multiflora and dexamethasone to overcome leukemia glucocorticoid resistance. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115936. [PMID: 38039755 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Isogarcinol (ISO), a cytotoxic polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol isolated from the edible fruits of Garcinia multiflora. However, synergistic combination of ISO and dexamethasone (DEX) to overcome leukemia glucocorticoid resistance has never been investigated. Therefore, in this study, the effects of ISO in combination with DEX was conducted on leukemia in vivo and glucocorticoid resistance in vitro. As a result, the combination of the two compounds could efficiently inhibit leukemia progression in mice and reverse DEX resistance in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) Jurkat cells. Significantly, our findings indicated that c-Myc may be a potential target of ISO, as it is involved in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by the combination of ISO and DEX in Jurkat cells. Furthermore, western blot analysis revealed that ISO and DEX inhibits the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and promotes the nuclear translocation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which activates target genes NR3C1 and TSC22D3, leading to apoptosis in Jurkat cells. Hence, our results suggest that ISO, as a safe and effective food-derived agent, can enhance the anti-leukemia effects of DEX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014 Guizhou, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025 Guizhou, China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Zhen-Peng Niu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004 Guizhou, China
| | - Kun Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025 Guizhou, China
| | - Jing-Rui Song
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014 Guizhou, China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Xue-Nai Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014 Guizhou, China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Yu-Bing Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014 Guizhou, China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Chun-Mao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014 Guizhou, China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China.
| | - Yan-Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014 Guizhou, China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China.
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Pla-López A, Carda M, Falomir E. Tetrazole derivatives as potent immunomodulatory agents in tumor microenvironment. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115668. [PMID: 37976894 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Twenty-seven compounds bearing a tetrazole ring as a central unit have been designed, synthetized and biologically evaluated. Studies have been performed in order to compare the effect of tetrazole derivatives bearing amine electron-donor or nitro electron-acceptor groups. The antiproliferative activity has been determined in monoculture studies on tumor cell lines HT-29, A-549, MCF-7 and on non-tumor cell line HEK-293 as well as in co-culture studies (HT-29/THP-1). All the compounds have been studied as PD-L1 (Programmed Death Ligand 1), VEGFR-2 (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor 2), CD-47 (Cluster of Differentiation 47) and c-Myc inhibitors. The effect on TNF-α secretion has also been determined. Bromoderivatives 23, 24 and chloroderivatives 26, 27 have demonstrated an apoptotic effect on HT-29 cancer cells. Compounds bearing an amine group have shown very promising effects as TME immunomodulatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Pla-López
- Inorganic and Organic Chemistry Department, University Jaume I, E-12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Miguel Carda
- Inorganic and Organic Chemistry Department, University Jaume I, E-12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Eva Falomir
- Inorganic and Organic Chemistry Department, University Jaume I, E-12071 Castellón, Spain.
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Shukla A, Kumari S, Sankar M, Nair MS. Insights into the mechanism of binding of doxorubicin and a chlorin compound with 22-mer c-Myc G quadruplex. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130482. [PMID: 37821013 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interaction of small molecules with G quadruplexes is in focus due to its role in molecular recognition and therapeutic drug design. Stabilization of G-quadruplex structures in the promoter regions of oncogenes by small molecule binding has been demonstrated as a potential approach for cancer therapy. METHODS In this study, electronic spectroscopy (ultraviolet-visible, fluorescence, circular dichroism), differential scanning calorimetry, and molecular modeling were employed to explore the interactions between the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin and a chlorin compound 5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-[2,3]-[bis(carboxy)-methano]chlorin (H2TPC(DAC)), and the c-Myc 22-mer G quadruplex DNA. RESULTS Spectroscopic studies indicated external binding of the compounds with partial stacking at the end quartets. Calorimetric studies and temperature dependent circular dichroism data displayed increased melting temperatures of G quadruplex structure on binding with the compounds. Circular dichroism spectra indicated that the G quadruplex structure is intact upon ligand binding. Both the compounds showed binding affinities of the order of 106 M-1. Fluorescence lifetime studies revealed static quenching as major mechanism for fluorescence quenching. Polymerase chain reaction stop assay hinted that binding of both ligands under study could inhibit the amplification of the DNA sequence. CONCLUSION Results show that doxorubicin and H2TPC(DAC) bind to the 22-mer c-Myc quadruplex structure with good affinity and induce stability. SIGNIFICANCE Doxorubicin and H2TPC(DAC) have demonstrated their affinity towards c-Myc G quadruplex DNA, stabilizing it and inhibiting expression and polymerization. The results can be of practical use in designing new analogs for the two compounds, which can become potent anti-cancer agents targeting the c-Myc GQ structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Shukla
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Soni Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Muniappan Sankar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Maya S Nair
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India.
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Xu J, Sun Y, Fu W, Fu S. MYCT1 in cancer development: Gene structure, regulation, and biological implications for diagnosis and treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115208. [PMID: 37499454 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Myc target 1 (MYCT1), located at 6q25.2, is a crucial player in cancer development. While widely distributed in cells, its subcellular localization varies across different cancer types. As a novel c-Myc target gene, MYCT1 is subject to regulation by multiple transcription factors. Studies have revealed aberrant expression of MYCT1 in various cancers, impacting pivotal biological processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, migration, genomic instability, and differentiation in cancer cells. Additionally, MYCT1 plays a critical role in modulating tumor angiogenesis and remodeling tumor immune responses within the tumor microenvironment. Despite certain debated functions, MYCT1 undeniably holds significance in cancer development. In this review, we comprehensively examine the relationship between MYCT1 and cancer, encompassing gene structure, regulation of gene expression, gene mutation, and biological function, with the aim of providing valuable insights for cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Xu
- Department of Medical genetics, China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- Department of Medical genetics, China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, PR China
| | - Weineng Fu
- Department of Medical genetics, China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, PR China
| | - Shuang Fu
- Department of Hematology Laboratory, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, PR China; Department of Medical genetics, China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, PR China.
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Selem NA, Nafae H, Manie T, Youness RA, Gad MZ. Let-7a/cMyc/CCAT1/miR-17-5p Circuit Re-sensitizes Atezolizumab Resistance in Triple Negative Breast Cancer through Modulating PD-L1. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154579. [PMID: 37301086 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an immunogenically hot tumor. The immune checkpoint blockades (ICBs) have been recently emerged as promising therapeutic candidates for several malignancies including TNBC. Yet, the development of innate and/or adaptive resistance by TNBC patients towards ICBs such as programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors (e.g. Atezolizumab) shed the light on importance of identifying the underlying mechanisms regulating PD-L1 in TNBC. Recently, it was reported that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) perform a fundamental role in regulating PD-L1 expression in TNBC. Hence, this study aims to explore a novel ncRNA axis tuning PD-L1 in TNBC patients and investigate its possible involvement in fighting Atezolizumab resistance. METHODS In-silico screening was executed to identify ncRNAs that could potentially target PD-L1. Screening of PD-L1 and the nominated ncRNAs (miR-17-5p, let-7a and CCAT1 lncRNA) was performed in BC patients and cell lines. Ectopic expression and/or knockdown of respective ncRNAs were performed in MDA-MB-231. Cellular viability, migration and clonogenic capacities were evaluated using MTT, scratch assay and colony-forming assay, respectively. RESULTS PD-L1 was upregulated in BC patients, especially in TNBC patients. PD-L1 is positively associated with lymph node metastasis and high Ki-67 in recruited BC patients. Let-7a and miR-17-5p were nominated as potential regulators of PD-L1. Ectopic expression of let-7a and miR-17-5p caused a noticeable reduction in PD-L1 levels in TNBC cells. In order to investigate the whole ceRNA circuit regulating PD-L1 in TNBC, intensive bioinformatic studies were performed. The lncRNA, Colon Cancer-associated transcript 1 (CCAT1), was reported to target PD-L1 regulating miRNAs. Results showed that CCAT1 is an upregulated oncogenic lncRNA in TNBC patients and cell lines. CCAT1 siRNAs induced a noticeable reduction in PD-L1 levels and a marked increase in miR-17-5p level, building up a novel regulatory axis CCAT1/miR-17-5p/PD-L1 in TNBC cells that was tuned by the let-7a/c-Myc engine. On the functional level, co-treatment of CCAT-1 siRNAs and let-7a mimics efficiently relieved Atezolizumab resistance in MDA-MB-231 cells. CONCLUSION The present study revealed a novel PD-L1 regulatory axis via targeting let-7a/c-Myc/CCAT/miR-17-5p. Additionally, it sheds the light on the potential combinational role of CCAT-1 siRNAs and Let-7a mimics in relieving Atezolizumab resistance in TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha A Selem
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba Nafae
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tamer Manie
- Department of Breast Surgery, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rana A Youness
- Molecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt; Biology and Biochemistry Department, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Z Gad
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt.
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Orihara H, Ma M, Nagashima Y, Tochinai R, Sekizawa SI, Kato D, Shinada M, Aoki S, Fujita N, Nakagawa T, Tsuru Y, Tatewaki Y, Mutoh T, Taki Y, Nishimura R, Kuwahara M. Co-administration of JQ1, a bromodomain-containing protein 4 inhibitor, enhances the antitumor effect of combretastatin A4, a microtubule inhibitor, while attenuating its cardiotoxicity. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114353. [PMID: 36736274 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Combretastatin A4 (CA4) inhibits microtubule polymerization, and clinical trials of the prodrug, CA4 disodium phosphate (CA4DP), as an anti-cancer agent have been conducted. However, CA4DP has not been marketed to date because the margin between the effective dose and the cardiotoxic dose is insufficient. Meanwhile, bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) has been reported to be required for recovery from mitotic arrests induced by anti-microtubule drugs. BRD4 has also been reported to be involved in the progression of heart failure. Therefore, we hypothesized that the combined use of CA4DP with BRD4 inhibitors can enhance the antitumor effect and attenuate CA4DP-induced cardiotoxicity. In this study, the antitumor effect and cardiotoxicity caused by the co-administration of CA4DP with JQ1, a BRD4 inhibitor, were evaluated. CA4 or JQ1 alone reduced the viability of cultured canine mammary tumor cells (CHMp-13a). Viability was further reduced by co-administration, through the suppression of c-Myc. BRD4 positivity in CHMp-13a cytoplasm showed a significant increase when treated with CA4 alone, while the increase was not significant following co-administration. In CHMp-13a xenograft-transplanted mice, co-administration of CA4DP and JQ1 suppressed tumor growth significantly. In CA4DP-induced cardiac injury model rats, echocardiography showed a CA4DP-induced decrease in cardiac function and histopathology showed cardiomyocyte necrosis. Meanwhile, these cardiac changes tended to be milder following the co-administration of CA4DP and JQ1. These results suggest that CA4DP-JQ1 co-administration enhances the antitumor effect of CA4DP while attenuating its cardiotoxicity and therefore potentially open the doors to the development of a novel cancer chemotherapy with reduced cardiotoxicity risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Orihara
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Min Ma
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yoshiyasu Nagashima
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ryota Tochinai
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-cho, Aobaku, Sendai-shi, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, 6-10 Sensyu-Kubota-machi, Akita-shi, Akita 010-0874, Japan.
| | - Shin-Ichi Sekizawa
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Daiki Kato
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shinada
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Susumu Aoki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Naoki Fujita
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Tsuru
- Primetech Corp. Life Science Laboratory, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yasuko Tatewaki
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-cho, Aobaku, Sendai-shi, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Mutoh
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-cho, Aobaku, Sendai-shi, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, 6-10 Sensyu-Kubota-machi, Akita-shi, Akita 010-0874, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Taki
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-cho, Aobaku, Sendai-shi, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Ryohei Nishimura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Kuwahara
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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11
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Xu C, Li B, Yu N, Yao B, Wang F, Mei Y. The c-Myc targeting hnRNPAB promotes lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation via stabilization of CDK4 mRNA. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2023; 156:106372. [PMID: 36657708 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2023.106372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The c-Myc oncoprotein plays a pivotal role in tumorigenesis. The deregulated expression of c-Myc has been linked to a variety of human cancers including lung adenocarcinoma. The oncogenic function of c-Myc has been largely attributed to its intrinsic nature as a transcription factor. Here we reported the RNA binding protein hnRNPAB as a direct transcriptional target of c-Myc by performing quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blot, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and luciferase reporter analyses. Flow cytometry, colony formation, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were used to investigate the role of hnRNPAB in lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation, as well as the underlying mechanism. HnRNPAB was functionally shown to promote lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation by accelerating G1/S cell cycle progression. Mechanistically, hnRNPAB interacted with and stabilized CDK4 mRNA, thereby increasing CDK4 expression. Moreover, hnRNPAB was able to promote G1/S cell cycle progression and cell proliferation via the regulation of CDK4. HnRNPAB was also revealed as a mediator of the promoting effect of c-Myc on cell proliferation. Together, these findings demonstrate that hnRNPAB is an important regulator of lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation. They also add new insights into the mechanisms of how c-Myc promotes tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Bingyan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ning Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Bo Yao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fang Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Yide Mei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China; The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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12
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Luo C, Zhu Y, Zhou J, Sun X, Zhang S, Tan S, Li Z, Lin H, Zhang W. Increased CYR61 expression activates CCND1/ c-Myc pathway to promote nasal epithelial cells proliferation in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Clin Immunol 2023; 247:109235. [PMID: 36681101 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a chronic sinonasal inflammatory disease characterized histologically by hyperplastic nasal epithelium and epithelial cells proliferation. Cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (CYR61) acts as a positive regulator of cell cycle process. Cyclin D1 (CCND1) and c-Myc play key roles in the processes of cell cycle and cell growth. The purpose of our research was to explore the expression and roles of CYR61, CCND1 and c-Myc in CRSwNP. METHODS FeaturePlot and vlnPlot functions embedded in the seurat package (version 4.1.1) of R software (version 4.2.0) were applied to explore the cellular distribution of CYR61, CCND1 and c-Myc in the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) dataset of nasal tissue samples. CYR61, CCND1 and c-Myc immunolabeling and mRNA levels in nasal tissue samples were assessed by immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR. Co-localization of CYR61, CCND1 and c-Myc with basal epithelial cell marker P63 was assayed using double-label immunofluorescence staining. Furthermore, we collected and cultured human nasal epithelial cells (HNEC) to assess the regulation and role of CYR61 in vitro study. RESULTS CYR61, CCND1 and c-Myc were primarily expressed by nasal epithelial cells. Significant upregulation of CYR61, CCND1 and c-Myc positive cells and increased levels of CYR61, CCND1 and c-Myc mRNA were found in nasal polyps in comparison to control samples. Of note, CYR61 mRNA and protein levels were altered by SEB, LPS, IFN-γ, IL-13, IL-17A and TGF-β1 in HNEC. In addition, CYR61 intervention could increase CCND1 and c-Myc mRNA and protein levels to promote HNEC proliferation, and siRNA against ITGA2 (si-ITGA2) could reverse CYR61 induced upregulation of CCND1 and c-Myc mRNA and protein levels in HNEC and cell proliferation of HNEC. CONCLUSIONS CYR61, CCND1 and c-Myc were primarily expressed by epithelial cells in nasal mucosa. CYR61, CCND1 and c-Myc expression levels were increased in CRSwNP compared with controls. CYR61 could interact with ITGA2 to enhance HNEC proliferation via upregulating CCND1 and c-Myc levels in the HNEC, leading to hyperplastic nasal epithelium in CRSwNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Luo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Otolaryngological Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Otolaryngological Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayao Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Otolaryngological Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiwen Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Otolaryngological Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyao Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Otolaryngological Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaolin Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Otolaryngological Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai, China; Postgraduate Training Base of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Otolaryngological Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Otolaryngological Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai, China.
| | - Weitian Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Otolaryngological Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai, China.
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Tange S, Hirano T, Idogawa M, Hirata E, Imoto I, Tokino T. MYEOV overexpression induced by demethylation of its promoter contributes to pancreatic cancer progression via activation of the folate cycle/ c-Myc/mTORC1 pathway. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:85. [PMID: 36698109 PMCID: PMC9875418 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10433-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While molecular targeted drugs and other therapies are being developed for many tumors, pancreatic cancer is still considered to be the malignant tumor with the worst prognosis. We started this study to identify prognostic genes and therapeutic targets of pancreatic cancer. METHODS To comprehensively identify prognostic genes in pancreatic cancer, we investigated the correlation between gene expression and cancer-specific prognosis using transcriptome and clinical information datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). In addition, we examined the effects of the suppression of candidate prognostic genes in pancreatic cancer cell lines. RESULT We found that patients with high expression levels of MYEOV, a primate-specific gene with unknown function, had significantly shorter disease-specific survival times than those with low expression levels. Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed that high expression of MYEOV was significantly associated with poor survival and was an independent prognostic factor for disease-specific survival in pancreatic cancer patients. Analysis of multiple cancer samples revealed that the MYEOV promoter region is methylated in noncancer tissues but is demethylated in tumors, causing MYEOV overexpression in tumors. Notably, the knockdown of MYEOV suppressed the expression of MTHFD2 and other folate metabolism-related enzyme genes required for the synthesis of amino acids and nucleic acids and also restored the expression of c-Myc and mTORC1 repressors. CONCLUSION There is a significant correlation between elevated MYEOV expression and poor disease-specific survival in pancreatic cancer patients. MYEOV enhances the activation of several oncogenic pathways, resulting in the induction of pancreatic cancer cell proliferation. Overall, MYEOV acts as an oncogene in pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, MYEOV may be a prognostic biomarker and serve as an 'actionable' therapeutic target for pancreatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoichiro Tange
- grid.263171.00000 0001 0691 0855Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1W17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8556 Japan
| | - Tomomi Hirano
- grid.263171.00000 0001 0691 0855Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1W17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8556 Japan
| | - Masashi Idogawa
- grid.263171.00000 0001 0691 0855Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1W17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8556 Japan ,grid.263171.00000 0001 0691 0855Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1W16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8543 Japan
| | - Eishu Hirata
- grid.9707.90000 0001 2308 3329Division of Tumor Cell Biology and Bioimaging, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192 Japan
| | - Issei Imoto
- grid.410800.d0000 0001 0722 8444Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8681 Japan
| | - Takashi Tokino
- grid.263171.00000 0001 0691 0855Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1W17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8556 Japan
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Ma L, Li G, Yang T, Zhang L, Wang X, Xu X, Ni H. An inhibitor of BRD4, GNE987, inhibits the growth of glioblastoma cells by targeting C-Myc and S100A16. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2022; 90:431-444. [PMID: 36224471 PMCID: PMC9637061 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-022-04483-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Among children, glioblastomas (GBMs) are a relatively common type of brain tumor. BRD4 expression was elevated in GBM and negatively correlated with the prognosis of glioma. We investigated the anti-GBM effects of a novel BRD4 inhibitor GNE987. METHODS We evaluated the anti-tumor effect of GNE987 in vitro and in vivo by Western blot, CCK8, flow cytometry detection, clone formation, the size of xenografts, and Ki67 immunohistochemical staining, and combined ChIP-seq with RNA-seq techniques to find its anti-tumor mechanism. RESULTS In vitro experiments showed that GNE987 significantly degraded BRD4, inhibited the proliferation of GBM cells, blocked the cell cycle, and induced apoptosis. Similarly, in vivo experiments, GNE987 also inhibited GBM growth as seen from the size of xenografts and Ki67 immunohistochemical staining. Based on Western blotting, GNE987 can significantly reduce the protein level of C-Myc; meanwhile, we combined ChIP-seq with RNA-seq techniques to confirm that GNE987 downregulated the transcription of S100A16 by disturbing H3K27Ac. Furthermore, we validated that S100A16 is indispensable in GBM growth. CONCLUSION GNE987 may be effective against GBM that targets C-Myc expression and influences S100A16 transcription through downregulation of BRD4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liya Ma
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215003, People's Republic of China
| | - Gen Li
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215003, People's Republic of China
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianquan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215003, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowen Xu
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215003, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Ni
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215003, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Zhang L, Shao G, Shao J, Zhao J. PRMT5-activated c-Myc promote bladder cancer proliferation and invasion through up-regulating NF-κB pathway. Tissue Cell 2022; 76:101788. [PMID: 35339800 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM PRMT5 and c-Myc were considered as oncogene of bladder cancer. Nevertheless, whether the interaction between of PRMT5 and c-Myc affect bladder cancer progress is unknown. Herein, we explore the above points and discuss deeply its' potential mechanism. METHOD 5637 and T24 cells were study subjects in vitro. Western blot was used to examined the protein expression. CCK8 and transwell assay were used to analyze proliferation and invasion ability. Additionally, xenograft tumor model was established. Mice imaging experiment, Immunochemistry assay and western blot were carried out. RESULT Western blot result showed successful transfection of PRMT5-siRNA and c-Myc-siRNA. PRMT5-siRNA could inhibit c-Myc expression, and decrease the proliferation and invasion of bladder cells. And c-Myc overexpression could reverse inhibitory action caused by PRMT5 silence. And in vitro studies found low-expression of c-Myc reduced proliferation and invasion of tumor cells and make the NF-κB pathway inactivation. In vivo studies also demonstrated that inhibiting PRMT5 could downregulate c-Myc expression and inhibit the bladder cancer progress, and the potential mechanism was likely to be related to NF-κB signaling pathway. CONCLUSION In a word, low-expression of PRMT5 suppressed c-Myc, and thus inhibited proliferation and invasion ability of 5637 and T24 cells through NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Guangfeng Shao
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jianhui Shao
- Spine Surgery, Weifang City People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Emergency, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China.
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16
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Wang H, Wang J, Liu J, Wang Y, Xia G, Huang X. Jumonji-C domain-containing protein 5 suppresses proliferation and aerobic glycolysis in pancreatic cancer cells in a c-Myc-dependent manner. Cell Signal 2022; 93:110282. [PMID: 35176452 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite the importance of metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells, the molecular mechanism regulating the tumor metabolic shift is still poorly understood. Deregulation of Jumonji-C domain-containing protein 5 (JMJD5) has been associated with multiple facets of biological processes in cancer cells. However, the role of JMJD5 in pancreatic cancer cells has seldom been discussed and requires further investigation. In the present study, by silencing or overexpressing JMJD5 in pancreatic cancer cells, we examined the impact of JMJD5 on cell proliferation and glucose metabolism. Using a dual luciferase assay, we assessed the effect of JMJD5 on the transcriptional activity of the c-Myc target gene. Analyzing The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Gene Expression Omnibus datasets revealed that low JMJD5 expression was associated with poor prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer. JMJD5 loss promoted pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and induced a cellular metabolic shift from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis. In addition, in vivo experiments confirmed that ectopic JMJD5 expression inhibited cancer cell growth and the expression of glycolytic enzymes, such as lactate dehydrogenase and phosphoglycerate kinase 1. Moreover, JMJD5 negatively regulated c-Myc expression, the main regulator of cancer metabolism, leading to decreased c-Myc-targeted gene expression. Overall, the present study indicated that decreased JMJD5 expression promoted cell proliferation and glycolytic metabolism in pancreatic cancer cells in a c-Myc-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongcheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Jianfa Wang
- Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, 170 Xinsong Road, Minhang, Shanghai 201100, China
| | - Jiazhe Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yiwei Wang
- Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, 170 Xinsong Road, Minhang, Shanghai 201100, China
| | - Guanggai Xia
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Xinyu Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China.
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17
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Shiri Heris R, Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi A, Yousefi AM, Bashash D. The Superior Cytotoxicity of Dual Targeting of BCR/ABL and PI3K in K562 Cells: Proposing a Novel Therapeutic Potential for the Treatment of CML. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2022; 38:51-60. [PMID: 35125711 PMCID: PMC8804072 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-021-01434-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Apart from BCR/ABL which is the main player in the pathogenesis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), the role of other signaling cascades should not be underestimated especially for the maintenance of leukemic cells survival. The results of the present study indicate that either an isoform-specific or a pan-PI3K inhibitor could potently reduce the survival of CML-derived K562 cells, shedding more light on the involvement of the PI3K axis in the pathogenesis of CML. Of particular interest, the importance of the PI3K pathway in this disease became more evident when we found that there was a more remarkable reduction in the viability of K562 cells when BKM120 was used in combination with imatinib. Moreover, BKM120 robustly enhanced the growth-suppressive effect of imatinib through p21-mediated induction of G2/M cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptotic cell death. Despite the favorable anti-survival effects of the drug combination, these agents failed to induce inhibitory effects on the expression of c-Myc and NF-κB anti-apoptotic target genes. However, the ability of combinational therapy in diminishing K562 cell survival was potentiated either in the presence of 10058-F4 (c-Myc inhibitor) or Bortezomib (proteasome inhibitor), suggestive of the role of both NF-κB and c-Myc in overshadowing the therapeutic value of drugs combination. Taken together, the results of this study showed that inhibition of the PI3K pathway is a suitable approach to enhance the therapeutic value of imatinib in the treatment of CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Shiri Heris
- grid.411600.2Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,grid.449862.50000 0004 0518 4224Department of Basic Sciences, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Atieh Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi
- grid.411600.2Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir-Mohammad Yousefi
- grid.411600.2Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- grid.411600.2Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ji Z, Tang T, Chen M, Dong B, Sun W, Wu N, Chen H, Feng Q, Yang X, Jin R, Jiang L. C-Myc-activated long non-coding RNA LINC01050 promotes gastric cancer growth and metastasis by sponging miR-7161-3p to regulate SPZ1 expression. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:351. [PMID: 34749766 PMCID: PMC8573944 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02155-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence shows that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play significant roles in cancer development. However, the functions of most lncRNAs in human gastric cancer are still not fully understood. Here, we explored the role of a novel c-Myc-activated lncRNA, LINC01050, in gastric cancer progression. METHODS The expression of LINC01050 in the context of gastric cancer was assessed using The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets. Its functions in gastric cancer were investigated through gain- and loss-of-function experiments combined with the Cell Counting Kit-8 assays, colony-forming assays, Transwell assays, flow cytometry, Western blot analyses, and xenograft tumor and mouse metastasis models. Potential LINC01050 transcription activators were screened via bioinformatics and validated by chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase assays. The interaction between LINC01050 and miR-7161-3p and the targets of miR-7161-3p were predicted by bioinformatics analysis and confirmed by a luciferase assay, RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA pull-down, and rescue experiments. RESULTS LINC01050 was significantly up-regulated in gastric cancer, and its high expression was positively correlated with a poor prognosis. The transcription factor c-Myc was found to directly bind to the LINC01050 promoter region and activate its transcription. Furthermore, overexpression of LINC01050 was confirmed to promote gastric cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. At the same time, its knockdown inhibited gastric cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in vitro along with tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Moreover, mechanistic investigations revealed that LINC01050 functions as a molecular sponge to absorb cytosolic miR-7161-3p, which reduces the miR-7161-3p-mediated translational repression of SPZ1, thus contributing to gastric cancer progression. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results identified a novel gastric cancer-associated lncRNA, LINC01050, which is activated by c-Myc. LINC01050 may be considered a potential therapeutic target for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Tianbin Tang
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Mengxia Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Buyuan Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Wenjing Sun
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Qian Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Xingyi Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Rong Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
| | - Lei Jiang
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
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Li F, Zhao Z, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Guan W. Tryptophan metabolism induced by TDO2 promotes prostatic cancer chemotherapy resistance in a AhR/ c-Myc dependent manner. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:1112. [PMID: 34657603 PMCID: PMC8520630 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08855-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor cells exhibit enhanced metabolism of nutrients to satisfy the demand of sustained proliferation in vivo. Seminal reports have presented evidence that tryptophan (Trp) metabolic reprogramming induced by aberrant indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenases could promote tumor development in several cancer types. However, the underlying mechanism of Trp metabolism associated tumor progression is not fully understood. MATERIALS AND METHODS Prostatic cell lines LNCaP and VCaP were purchased from the Cell Bank of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (China). Human prostatic tumor tissue samples were obtained from the Tongji Hospital. Female NOD-SCID mice (6 ~ 8 weeks) were purchased from Huafukang Co. (China) and raised in SPF room. Commercial kits and instruments were used for cell apoptosis analysis, real-time PCR, western blotting, ELISA analysis and other experiments. RESULT Comparing the tumor tissues from prostatic cancer patients, we found elevated expression of tryptophan 2, 3-dioxygenase 2 (TDO2), and elevated Trp metabolism in chemo-resistant tumor tissues. In vitro, overexpression of TDO2 significantly promoted the Trp metabolism in prostatic cancer cell lines LNCaP and VCap, resulting in the multidrug resistance development. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that Trp metabolite kynurenine (Kyn) promoted the upregulation and nuclear translocation of transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Subsequently, AhR collaborated with NF-κB to facilitate the activation of c-Myc. In turn, c-Myc promoted the up-regulation of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and Trp transporters, thereby contributing to chemoresistance and strengthened Trp metabolism in prostatic cancer. Interrupt of Trp/TDO2/Kyn/AhR/c-Myc loop with c-Myc inhibitor Mycro-3 efficiently suppressed the chemoresistance and improved the outcome of chemotherapy, which described a new strategy in clinical prostatic cancer treatment. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that elevated TOD2 expression promoted Trp metabolism and metabolite Kyn production, thus resulting in the activation of AhR/c-Myc/ABC-SLC transporters signaling pathway. Interrupt of Trp metabolism/c-Myc loop efficiently suppressed the drugs resistance induced by TDO2, which represented potential target to improve the outcome in drug-resistant prostatic cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Li
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhao
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zongbiao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Guan
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Liu J, Wang W, Chen L, Li Y, Zhao S, Liang Y. MicroRNA-33b replacement effect on growth and migration inhibition in ovarian cancer cells. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 101:1019-1026. [PMID: 34590776 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ovarian cancer is a devastating gynecological disease which is considered the major cause of cancer fatality around the world. The down-regulation of microRNA-33b (miR-33b) was reported in some malignancies. Hence, we transfected the miR-33b mimic into SKOV3 cells and evaluated the impacts of this interference on the growth and migration repression of these tumor cells as well as on targeted genes expression. METHODS In our study, transfecting the miR-33b mimic and inhibitor, negative control (NC), and NC inhibitor were established using Lipofectamine 2000. The cytotoxic effects of miR-33b were evaluated by MTT. To assess the miR-33b effects on cell migration, a scratching test was applied. The expression levels of miR-33b, ADAMTS, C-Myc, MMP9, K-Ras, and CXCR4 were evaluated using qRT-PCR. RESULTS These findings indicate that transfection of miR-143 mimic had no marked effects on the SKOV3 cell line. As expected, miR-33b relative expression levels were as follows: miR-33b mimic >NC and NC inhibitor >miR-33b inhibitor (p < 0.01). Moreover, transfected miR-33b mimic could suppress SKOV3 cells' proliferation, whereas transfected miR-33b inhibitor could promote cell proliferation (p < 0.01). MiR-33b overexpression significantly down-regulated the MMP9, CXCR-4, c-Myc, ADAMTS, and K-Ras mRNA levels (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION As expected, these results confirm the tumor-suppressive effect of miR-33b in the SKOV3 ovarian cancer cell line by reducing cell survival, proliferation, and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Weiming Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Limin Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yachai Li
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Shuimiao Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yijuan Liang
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
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Rong Z, Shi S, Tan Z, Xu J, Meng Q, Hua J, Liu J, Zhang B, Wang W, Yu X, Liang C. Circular RNA CircEYA3 induces energy production to promote pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma progression through the miR-1294/ c-Myc axis. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:106. [PMID: 34419070 PMCID: PMC8379744 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01400-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensive studies have demonstrated the pivotal roles of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the occurrence and development of different human cancers. However, the expression and regulatory roles of circRNAs in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are unclear. METHODS CircEYA3 was explored based on Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset analysis. qRT-PCR was applied to determine the expression of circRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs in PDAC cells and tissues. The biological roles of circEYA3 in vitro and in vivo were determined by performing a series of functional experiments. Further, dual luciferase reporter, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), RNA pull-down assays, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were used to confirm the interaction of circEYA3 with miR-1294. RESULTS CircEYA3 was elevated in PDAC tissues and cells, and a higher level of circEYA3 was significantly associated with a poorer prognosis in patients with PDAC. Functionally, circEYA3 increased energy production via ATP synthesis to promote PDAC progression in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, circEYA3 functions as an endogenous miR-1294 sponge to elevate c-Myc expression, thus exerting its oncogenic functions. CONCLUSION CircEYA3 promotes the progression of PDAC through the miR-1294/c-Myc signalling axis, and circEYA3 may be an efficient molecular therapeutic target in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyin Rong
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Si Shi
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhen Tan
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qingcai Meng
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jie Hua
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, PR China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, PR China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Gu J, Wang X, Zhang L, Xiang J, Li J, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Chen J, Shen J. Matrine suppresses cell growth of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma via inhibiting CaMKIIγ/ c-Myc/CDK6 signaling pathway. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:163. [PMID: 34088288 PMCID: PMC8178855 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03315-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background C-Myc aberrations confer a more aggressive clinic behavior in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Matrine is an alkaloid extracted from Sophora flavescens Ait. It possesses anti-cancer property through inhibiting the cell proliferation and inducing the apoptosis. The present study aimed to explore the underlying mechanisms of matrine in suppressing the cell growth of DLBCL. Methods The influence of matrine on the viability of cultured DLBCL cell lines SU-DHL-16 and OCI-LY3 cells were determined by CCK-8. Apoptosis and cell cycle were measured by flow cytometry after matrine exposure. Western blot was taken to investigate the expression of activated Caspase-3, cleaved PARP, c-Myc, phospho-c-Myc (Ser62), CaMKIIγ, phospho-CaMKIIγ (Thr287), CDK4 and CDK6 after matrine treatment. Cycloheximide chase analysis was used to determine the c-Myc protein half-lives before and after matrine treatment. Growth salvage analysis was taken by ectopic expression of c-Myc. Results In cultured DLBCL cells, matrine suppressed cell viability in a concentration and time dependent fashion. Matrine treated SU-DHL-16 and OCI-LY3 cells for 48 h with IC50 value of 1.76 mM and 4.1 mM, respectively. Matrine induced apoptosis through a caspase-independent pathway and caused G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in a concentration dependent manner in DLBCL cells. The protein expression of c-Myc was inhibited while the transcription of c-Myc was not reduced by matrine. c-Myc protein half-lives were decreased from 30.4, 69.4 min to 16.6, 15.9 min after matrine treatment in SU-DHL-16 and OCI-LY3, respectively. As a critical protein kinase of c-Myc, CaMKIIγ phosphorylation at Thr287 was found to be down-regulated and c-Myc phosphorylation at Ser62 was reduced together after matrine treatment in DLBCL. The growth suppression of SU-DHL-16 cells induced by matrine was rescued by over-expression of c-Myc achieved by recombinant adenovirus infection. The decreased expression of CDK6, not CDK4, induced by matrine was rescued by ectopic expression of c-Myc protein. Conclusions This study has shown for the first time that matrine suppresses cell growth of DLBCL via inhibiting CaMKIIγ/c-Myc/CDK6 signaling pathway. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-021-03315-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyou Gu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China. .,Key Laboratory of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Circulatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, No. 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiao Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Circulatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, No. 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingjing Xiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingya Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Circulatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, No. 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Circulatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, No. 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junfa Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianping Shen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China.
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Mahjoor M, Afkhami H, Mollaei M, Nasr A, Shahriary S, Khorrami S. MicroRNA-30c delivered by bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells induced apoptosis and diminished cell invasion in U-251 glioblastoma cell line. Life Sci 2021; 279:119643. [PMID: 34048811 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is the most belligerent and prevalent brain malignancy among adults. Due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB), drug administration is confronted by massive challenges, making resectional surgery the only treatment pipeline. MicroRNAs have recently absorbed the attention of studies for correlating with the progression of various malignancies. miR-30c has been reported to play a role in cell proliferation, metabolism, and apoptosis process. For instance, miR-30c has been reported to regulate apoptosis through the TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). miR-30c also targets IL-6, which further induces apoptosis. Besides, miR-30c inhibits glioma proliferation and its migratory ability. Besides, the overexpression of miR-30c arrested cells at G0 as well as dampening their migration and invasion. However, it has been shown that the expression level of miR-30c was low in glioma. MSCs can migrate toward tumor cells which is called tumor-tropism, in which they are capable of delivering engineered miR-30c based on gap junction and non-intimacy mechanisms. MATERIAL AND METHODS MiR-30c was cloned into pCDH-CMV-MCS-EF1-copGFP vector utilizing XbaI and EcoRI in order to construct pCDH-miR-30c. Then psPAX2, pMD2.G, and pCDH-miR-30c were co-transfected into Hek-293T to yield lenti-miR-30c virus particles. Next, bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) were Transduced with lenti-miR-30c. Thereafter, we co-cultured U-251 cell line with BM-MCSs-miR-30c and evaluated the apoptosis rate and the relative expression level of IL-6, Klf4, Sox2, c-Myc, and Oct4 using Real-Time PCR and flow cytometry. RESULTS Wound healing assays represented low migratory ability in U-251 cells treated with BM-MSCs-miR-30c. Plus, apoptosis assay using Annexin V/7AAD showed an increased number of apoptotic U-251 cells following the treatment. miR-30 targeted IL-6 and induced apoptosis. It also impacted on the self-renewal and the anti-apoptotic cluster of genes, namely Klf4, Sox2, c-Myc, and Oct4, to induce apoptosis and dwindle the migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Mahjoor
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Afkhami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Mollaei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Nasr
- Bachelor Student of Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Islamic Azad University of Najafabad, Esfahan, Iran
| | - Shamin Shahriary
- Bachelor Student of Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Khorrami
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Liu Z, Sun T, Piao C, Zhang Z, Kong C. METTL13 inhibits progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma with repression on PI3K/AKT/mTOR/HIF-1α pathway and c-Myc expression. J Transl Med 2021; 19:209. [PMID: 33985542 PMCID: PMC8120818 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02879-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common and aggressive type of renal malignancy. Methyltransferase like 13 (METTL13) functions as an oncogene in most of human cancers, but its function and mechanism in ccRCC remains unreported. METHODS qRT-PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to detect METTL13's expression in tissues. The effects of METTL13 on ccRCC cells' growth and metastasis were determined by both functional experiments and animal experiments. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to annotate METTL13's functions and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) was used to determine the interaction between METTL13 and c-Myc. RESULTS METTL13 was underexpressed in ccRCC tissues compared to normal kidney tissues and its low expression predicted poor prognosis for ccRCC patients. The in vitro studies showed that knockdown and overexpression of METTL13 respectively led to increase and decrease in ccRCC cells' proliferation, viability, migratory ability and invasiveness as well as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The in vivo experiment demonstrated the inhibitory effect that METTL13 had on ccRCC cells' growth and metastasis. Bioinformatic analyses showed various biological functions and pathways METTL13 was involved in. In ccRCC cells, we observed that METTL13 could negatively regulate PI3K/AKT/mTOR/HIF-1α pathway and that it combined to c-Myc and inhibited c-Myc protein expression. CONCLUSIONS In general, our finding suggests that high expression of METTL13 is associated with favorable prognosis of ccRCC patients. Meanwhile, METTL13 can inhibit growth and metastasis of ccRCC cells with participation in multiple potential molecular mechanisms. Therefore, we suggest METTL13 can be a new diagnostic and therapeutic target for ccRCC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuonan Liu
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of China Medical University, School of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, 110004, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianshui Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, 110004, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chiyuan Piao
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of China Medical University, School of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, 110004, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of China Medical University, School of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, 110004, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chuize Kong
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of China Medical University, School of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, 110004, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
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Wu S, Jiang Y, Hong Y, Chu X, Zhang Z, Tao Y, Fan Z, Bai Z, Li X, Chen Y, Li Z, Ding X, Lv H, Du X, Lim SL, Zhang Y, Huang S, Lu J, Pan J, Hu S. BRD4 PROTAC degrader ARV-825 inhibits T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia by targeting 'Undruggable' Myc-pathway genes. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:230. [PMID: 33888130 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01908-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive disease with a high risk of induction failure and poor outcomes, with relapse due to drug resistance. Recent studies show that bromodomains and extra-terminal (BET) protein inhibitors are promising anti-cancer agents. ARV-825, comprising a BET inhibitor conjugated with cereblon ligand, was recently developed to attenuate the growth of multiple tumors in vitro and in vivo. However, the functional and molecular mechanisms of ARV-825 in T-ALL remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and potential mechanism of ARV-825 in T-ALL. Methods Expression of the BRD4 were determined in pediatric T-ALL samples and differential gene expression after ARV-825 treatment was explored by RNA-seq and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. T-ALL cell viability was measured by CCK8 assay after ARV-825 administration. Cell cycle was analyzed by propidium iodide (PI) staining and apoptosis was assessed by Annexin V/PI staining. BRD4, BRD3 and BRD2 proteins were detected by western blot in cells treated with ARV-825. The effect of ARV-825 on T-ALL cells was analyzed in vivo. The functional and molecular pathways involved in ARV-825 treatment of T-ALL were verified by western blot and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Results BRD4 expression was higher in pediatric T-ALL samples compared with T-cells from healthy donors. High BRD4 expression indicated a poor outcome. ARV-825 suppressed cell proliferation in vitro by arresting the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis, with elevated poly-ADP ribose polymerase and cleaved caspase 3. BRD4, BRD3, and BRD2 were degraded in line with reduced cereblon expression in T-ALL cells. ARV-825 had a lower IC50 in T-ALL cells compared with JQ1, dBET1 and OTX015. ARV-825 perturbed the H3K27Ac-Myc pathway and reduced c-Myc protein levels in T-ALL cells according to RNA-seq and ChIP. In the T-ALL xenograft model, ARV-825 significantly reduced tumor growth and led to the dysregulation of Ki67 and cleaved caspase 3. Moreover, ARV-825 inhibited cell proliferation by depleting BET and c-Myc proteins in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions BRD4 indicates a poor prognosis in T-ALL. The BRD4 degrader ARV-825 can effectively suppress the proliferation and promote apoptosis of T-ALL cells via BET protein depletion and c-Myc inhibition, thus providing a new strategy for the treatment of T-ALL. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-01908-w.
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Du J, Zhong H, Ma B. Targeting a novel LncRNA SNHG15/miR-451/ c-Myc signaling cascade is effective to hamper the pathogenesis of breast cancer (BC) in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:186. [PMID: 33952250 PMCID: PMC8097789 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01885-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To our knowledge, LncRNA SNHG15 exerted its tumor-promoting effects to facilitate the development of breast cancer (BC), but there still needed more data to elucidate the potential underlying mechanisms. METHODS We examined genes expression status by performing Real-Time qPCR and Western Blot analysis, and cellular functions, including cell proliferation, viability, apoptosis, mobility, were measured by using the CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, trypan blue staining assay, flow cytometer (FCM), transwell assay and wound scratch assay, respectively. The predicted targeting sites in LncRNA SNHG15, miR-451 and c-Myc 3'UTR were validated by dual-luciferase reporter gene system assay. Finally, we established the tumor-bearing mice models, and the expression status, including its enrichment and cellular localization were examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay. RESULTS Our data indicated LncRNA SNHG15 upregulated c-Myc to facilitate BC progression by sponging miR-451 in a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA)-dependent manner in vitro and in vivo. Specifically, LncRNA SNHG15 and c-Myc were upregulated, while miR-451 was downregulated in BC cells and clinical tissues, compared to their normal counterparts. In addition, miR-451 negatively correlated with LncRNA SNHG15 and c-Myc, and LncRNA SNHG15 was positively relevant to c-Myc in BC tissues. Next, we validated that LncRNA SNHG15 sponged miR-451 to upregulate c-Myc in BC cells. Further gain- and loss-of-function experiments evidenced that LncRNA SNHG15 promoted, while miR-451 inhibited malignant phenotypes, including cell proliferation, viability, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in BC cells. Interestingly, the inhibiting effects of LncRNA SNHG15 ablation on BC progression were abrogated by both silencing miR-451 and overexpressing c-Myc. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that targeting the LncRNA SNHG15/miR-451/c-Myc signaling cascade was novel to hamper BC progression, which broadened our knowledge in this field, and provided potential biomarkers for BC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Du
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The 3rd Affiliated Teaching Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (Affiliated Cancer Hospital), Suzhou East Street No. 789, Xinshi District, Urumqi, 830011 Xinjiang China
| | - Hong Zhong
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The 3rd Affiliated Teaching Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (Affiliated Cancer Hospital), Suzhou East Street No. 789, Xinshi District, Urumqi, 830011 Xinjiang China
| | - Binlin Ma
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The 3rd Affiliated Teaching Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (Affiliated Cancer Hospital), Suzhou East Street No. 789, Xinshi District, Urumqi, 830011 Xinjiang China
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Hirano M, Imai Y, Kaito Y, Murayama T, Sato K, Ishida T, Yamamoto J, Ito T, Futami M, Ri M, Yasui H, Denda T, Tanaka Y, Ota Y, Nojima M, Kamikubo Y, Gotoh N, Iida S, Handa H, Tojo A. Small-molecule HDAC and Akt inhibitors suppress tumor growth and enhance immunotherapy in multiple myeloma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:110. [PMID: 33757580 PMCID: PMC7989023 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01909-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable disease. The acquisition of resistance to drugs, including immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs), has a negative effect on its prognosis. Cereblon (CRBN) is a key mediator of the bioactivities of IMiDs such as lenalidomide. Moreover, genetic alteration of CRBN is frequently detected in IMiD-resistant patients and is considered to contribute to IMiD resistance. Thus, overcoming resistance to drugs, including IMiDs, is expected to improve clinical outcomes. Here, we examined potential mechanisms of a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor and Akt inhibitor in relapsed/refractory MM patients. Methods We established lenalidomide-resistant cells by knocking down CRBN with RNAi-mediated downregulation or knocking out CRBN using CRISPR-Cas9 in MM cells. Additionally, we derived multi-drug (bortezomib, doxorubicin, or dexamethasone)-resistant cell lines and primary cells from relapsed/refractory MM patients. The effects of HDAC and Akt inhibitors on these drug-resistant MM cells were then observed with a particular focus on whether HDAC inhibitors enhance immunotherapy efficacy. We also investigated the effect of lenalidomide on CRBN-deficient cells. Results The HDAC inhibitor suppressed the growth of drug-resistant MM cell lines and enhanced the antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of therapeutic antibodies by upregulating natural killer group 2D (NKG2D) ligands in MM cells. CRBN-deficient cells showed lenalidomide-induced upregulation of phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3 (p-GSK-3) and c-Myc phosphorylation. Moreover, HDAC and Akt inhibitors downregulated c-Myc by blocking GSK-3 phosphorylation. HDAC and Akt inhibitors also exhibited synergistic cytotoxic and c-Myc-suppressive effects. The dual HDAC and PI3K inhibitor, CUDC-907, exhibited cytotoxic and immunotherapy-enhancing effects in MM cells, including multi-drug-resistant lines and primary cells from lenalidomide-resistant patients. Conclusions The combination of an HDAC and an Akt inhibitor represents a promising approach for the treatment of relapsed/refractory MM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-01909-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhito Hirano
- Division of Molecular Therapy, Advanced Clinical Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichi Imai
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yuta Kaito
- Division of Molecular Therapy, Advanced Clinical Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiko Murayama
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Cancer Research Institute of Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kota Sato
- Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadao Ishida
- Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junichi Yamamoto
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Chemical Biology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takumi Ito
- Department of Chemical Biology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Muneyoshi Futami
- Division of Molecular Therapy, Advanced Clinical Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Hematology/Oncology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Ri
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yasui
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Project Division of Fundamental Study on Cutting Edge of Genome Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tamami Denda
- Department of Pathology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihisa Tanaka
- Department of Pathology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasunori Ota
- Department of Pathology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Nojima
- Center for Translational Research/Division of Advanced Medicine Promotion The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Kamikubo
- Laboratory of Oncology and Strategic Innovation, Laboratory Science, Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Noriko Gotoh
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Cancer Research Institute of Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Iida
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Handa
- Department of Chemical Biology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Arinobu Tojo
- Division of Molecular Therapy, Advanced Clinical Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Hematology/Oncology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Ge J, Yu W, Li J, Ma H, Wang P, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Zhang J, Shi G. USP16 regulates castration-resistant prostate cancer cell proliferation by deubiquitinating and stablizing c-Myc. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:59. [PMID: 33546726 PMCID: PMC7866668 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01843-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background c-Myc, a well-established oncogene, plays an important role in the initiation and progression of various cancers, including prostate cancer. However, its mechanism in cancer cell remains largely unknown and whether there exist a deubiquitinase targeting c-Myc also remains elusive. Methods Bioinformatic analysis and shRNA screening methods were used to identify potential deubiquitinases that correlate with c-Myc gene signature. Cell proliferation and viability were measured by Cell-Counting-Kit 8 and colony formation assays. A mouse xenograft model of PC3 cells was established to confirm the function of USP16 in vivo. The interaction between USP16 and c-Myc protein was assessed by co-immunoprecipitation and protein co-localization assays. Immunohistochemistry staining was performed to detect the expression of USP16, Ki67, and c-Myc in xenograft tissues and clinical tumour tissues. Furthermore, the correlation between USP16 and c-Myc was confirmed by RNA sequencing. Results Functional analyses identified USP16, known as a deubiquitinase, was strongly correlated with the c-Myc gene signature. Depletion of USP16 was shown to significantly suppress the growth of PCa cells both in vitro and in vivo. Co-immunoprecipitation and ubiquitination assays confirmed that USP16 served as a novel deubiquitinase of c-Myc and overexpression of c-Myc significantly rescued the effects of USP16 disruption. Immunohistochemistry staining and RNA-seq tactics were further used to confirm the positive correlation between USP16 and c-Myc expression. Expression of USP16 in human PCa tissues was higher than that seen in normal prostate tissues and its high expression was found associated with poor prognosis. Conclusions USP16 serves as a novel deubiquitinase of c-Myc. Downregulation of USP16 markedly suppressed PCa cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. USP16 regulates PCa cell proliferation by deubiquitinating and stabilizing c-Myc, making it a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of PCa. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-01843-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchao Ge
- Department of Urology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, No. 801, Heqing Road,Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Wandong Yu
- Department of Urology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, No. 801, Heqing Road,Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhong Li
- Department of Urology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, No. 801, Heqing Road,Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Hangbin Ma
- Department of Urology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, No. 801, Heqing Road,Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengyu Wang
- Department of Urology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, No. 801, Heqing Road,Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghao Zhou
- Department of Urology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, No. 801, Heqing Road,Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Urology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, No. 801, Heqing Road,Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, No. 801, Heqing Road,Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guowei Shi
- Department of Urology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, No. 801, Heqing Road,Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
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Lai C, Wu F, Wang Y, Wang W, Li Y, Zhang G, Gao J, Zhu Z, Yuan J, Yang J, Zhang W. Specific epigenetic microenvironment and the regulation of tumor-related gene expression by trichloroethylene in human hepatocytes. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 208:111453. [PMID: 33068984 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE), an important volatile organic solvent, causes a series of toxic damage to human. Conventional genetic mechanisms cannot fully explain its toxicity and carcinogenicity, indicative of the possible involvement of epigenetic mechanisms. Our study was intended to investigate the epigenetic toxicity and underlying mechanisms of TCE. Data showed that 0.3 mM TCE treatment for 24 h increased the growth of L-02 cells transiently. In contrast, subacute exposure to TCE inhibited cell growth and induced the genomic DNA hypomethylation and histone hyperacetylation. Further studies have revealed the TCE-induced DNA hypomethylation in the promoter regions of tumor-related genes, N-Ras, c-Jun, c-Myc, c-Fos and IGF-II, promoting their protein levels in a time-dependent manner. These results reveal there is a negative relationship existing between DNA hypomethylation and protein expression in tumor-related gene after TCE exposure under specific epigenetic microenvironment, serving as early biomarkers for TCE-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Lai
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Yueqi Li
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China
| | - Gaoqiang Zhang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China
| | - Jianji Gao
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China
| | - Zhiliang Zhu
- Baoan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, PR China
| | - Jianhui Yuan
- Nanshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518054, PR China
| | - Jianping Yang
- Shenzhen Taike Test Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518053, PR China.
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China.
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30
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Jiang Y, Han Q, Zhao H, Zhang J. Promotion of epithelial-mesenchymal transformation by hepatocellular carcinoma-educated macrophages through Wnt2b/β-catenin/ c-Myc signaling and reprogramming glycolysis. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:13. [PMID: 33407720 PMCID: PMC7788901 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01808-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the tumour microenvironment (TME) can promote the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Some tumours can be suppressed by targeting Wnt2b in tumour cells. However, the role of Wnt2b in HCC is still unknown. In particular, the role of Wnt2b-mediated signal activation in macrophage polarization in the HCC microenvironment, and the regulatory effect between Wnt and glycolysis in TAMs has not been described. Methods The expression of Wnt2b in TAMs was detected by qPCR and immunofluorescence. Wnt2b/β-catenin interference in HCC-TAMs was performed by lentivirus carrying targeted shRNA or TLR9 agonist. Markers related to macrophage polarization and the changes of key glycolytic enzymes expression were detected by flow cytometry and qPCR. ECAR was analysed by Seahorse analyser. MTT assay, wound healing assay, western blotting were used to evaluate the promoting effect of different HCC-TAMs on the proliferation, migration and EMT of HCC in vitro. Tumour cells and different HCC-TAMs were injected via subcutaneously into immunodeficient mice to assess the effects of CpG ODN, Wnt2b, or β-catenin on HCC-TAMs in tumour growth in vivo. Results Polarization-promoting factors derived from HCC cells upregulated the expression of Wnt2b in macrophages, which promoted the polarization of TAMs to M2-like macrophages by activating Wnt2b/β-catenin/c-Myc signalling. Furthermore, this process was associated with the activation of glycolysis in HCC-TAMs. These HCC-TAMs could promote the development of EMT, proliferation, and migration of HCC. In addition to silencing Wnt2b or β-catenin expression, TLR9 agonist CpG ODN downregulated the level of glycolysis and inhibited the M2 polarization of HCC-TAMs, reversing the tumour-promoting effects of TAMs in vitro and vivo. Conclusions As a potential target for HCC therapy, Wnt2b may play an important regulatory role for the functions of TAMs in the TME. Moreover, the TLR9 agonist CpG ODN might act as a Wnt2b signal inhibitor and can potentially be employed for HCC therapy by disturbing Wnt2b/β-catenin/c-Myc and inhibiting glycolysis in HCC-TAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jiang
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qiuju Han
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Huajun Zhao
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China.
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Moloudizargari M, Moradkhani F, Hekmatirad S, Fallah M, Asghari MH, Reiter RJ. Therapeutic targets of cancer drugs: Modulation by melatonin. Life Sci 2020; 267:118934. [PMID: 33385405 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The biological functions of melatonin range beyond the regulation of the circadian rhythm. With regard to cancer, melatonin's potential to suppress cancer initiation, progression, angiogenesis and metastasis as well as sensitizing malignant cells to conventional chemo- and radiotherapy are among its most interesting effects. The targets at which melatonin initiates its anti-cancer effects are in common with those of a majority of existing anti-cancer agents, giving rise to the notion that this molecule is a pleiotropic agent sharing many features with other antineoplastic drugs in terms of their mechanisms of action. Among these common mechanisms of action are the regulation of several major intracellular pathways including mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and protein kinase B (AKT/PKB) signaling. The important mediators affected by melatonin include cyclins, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), heat shock proteins (HSPs) and c-Myc, all of which can serve as potential targets for cancer drugs. Melatonin also exerts some of its anti-cancer effects via inducing epigenetic modifications, DNA damage and mitochondrial disruption in malignant cells. The regulation of these mediators by melatonin mitigates tumor growth and invasiveness via modulating their downstream responsive genes, housekeeping enzymes, telomerase reverse transcriptase, apoptotic gene expression, angiogenic factors and structural proteins involved in metastasis. Increasing our knowledge on how melatonin affects its target sites will help find ways of exploiting the beneficial effects of this ubiquitously-acting molecule in cancer therapy. Acknowledging this, here we reviewed the most studied target pathways attributed to the anti-cancer effects of melatonin, highlighting their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Moloudizargari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Moradkhani
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Hekmatirad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Marjan Fallah
- Medicinal Plant Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Asghari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, Long School of Medicine, UT Health, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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Gu Y, Ji F, Liu N, Zhao Y, Wei X, Hu S, Jia W, Wang XW, Budhu A, Ji J, Zhao B, Roessler S, Zheng X, Ji J. Loss of miR-192-5p initiates a hyperglycolysis and stemness positive feedback in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2020; 39:268. [PMID: 33256802 PMCID: PMC7708108 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01785-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging studies revealed that cancer stem cells (CSCs) possessed peculiar metabolic properties, which however remained largely unknown in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Genetic silencing of liver-abundant miR-192-5p was a key feature for multiple groups of CSC-positive HCCs. We thus aimed to investigate essential metabolic features of hepatic CSCs via using HCCs with miR-192-5p silencing as a model. METHODS Datasets from two independent HCC cohorts were used. Data integration analyses of miR-192-5p with metabolome and mRNA transcriptome data in HCC Cohort 1 were performed to investigate miR-192-5p related metabolic features, which was further validated in Cohort 2. Cellular and molecular assays were performed to examine whether and how miR-192-5p regulated the identified metabolic features. Co-culture systems consisting of HCC cells and LX2 (human hepatic stellate cell line) or THP1 (human monocyte cell line) were established to explore effects of the identified metabolic properties on stemness features of HCC cells via interacting with co-cultured non-tumor cells. RESULTS High levels of glycolysis-related metabolites and genes were present in HCCs with low miR-192-5p and CSC-positive HCCs in two independent HCC cohorts. miR-192-5p knockout cells displayed CSC features and miR-192-5p loss led to an enhanced glycolytic phenotype via upregulating three bona fide targets, GLUT1 and PFKFB3 (two glycolytic enzymes) and c-Myc (regulating glycolytic genes' expression). Meanwhile, c-Myc suppressed miR-192-5p transcription, ensuring a low-miR-192-5p/high-c-Myc loop to maintain hyperglycolysis. Moreover, over-produced lactic acid from hyperglycolytic HCC cells stimulated the ERK phosphorylation of co-cultured LX2 and THP1 non-tumor cells partially via NDRG3 and MCT1, which in turn promoted cell malignancy and stemness of HCC cells. Consistently, HCC patients with low level of miR-192-5p in their tumor tissues and high level of NDRG3 or MCT1 in their non-tumor tissues had the shortest overall survival. CONCLUSIONS In CSC-positive HCCs, miR-192-5p loss enhanced glycolysis and over produced lactate might further increase HCC malignant features via interacting with environmental non-tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhuo Gu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fubo Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Niya Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yongzhi Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiyang Wei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shiyuan Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wei Jia
- Hong Kong Baptist University, HongKong, China
| | - Xin Wei Wang
- Liver Carcinogenesis Section, The Lab of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Anuradha Budhu
- Liver Carcinogenesis Section, The Lab of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Juling Ji
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Stephanie Roessler
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xin Zheng
- EZKIT L.L.C, Honolulu, HI, 96825, USA
| | - Junfang Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Cho Y, Park MJ, Kim K, Kim SW, Kim W, Oh S, Lee JH. Reactive oxygen species-induced activation of Yes-associated protein-1 through the c-Myc pathway is a therapeutic target in hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:6599-6613. [PMID: 33268949 PMCID: PMC7673967 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i42.6599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Hippo signaling pathway regulates organ size by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis with terminal effectors including Yes-associated protein-1 (YAP-1). Dysregulation in Hippo pathway has been proposed as one of the therapeutic targets in hepatocarcinogenesis. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase during the progression from early to advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
AIM To study the activation of YAP-1 by ROS-induced damage in HCC and the involved signaling pathway.
METHODS The expression of YAP-1 in HCC cells (Huh-7, HepG2, and SNU-761) was quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting. Human HCC cells were treated with H2O2, which is a major component of ROS in living organisms, and with either YAP-1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) or control siRNA. To investigate the role of YAP-1 in HCC cells under oxidative stress, MTS assays were performed. Immunoblotting was performed to evaluate the signaling pathway responsible for the activation of YAP-1. Eighty-eight surgically resected frozen HCC tissue samples and 88 nontumor liver tissue samples were used for gene expression analyses.
RESULTS H2O2 treatment increased the mRNA and protein expression of YAP-1 in HCC cells (Huh-7, HepG2, and SNU-761). Suppression of YAP-1 using siRNA transfection resulted in a significant decrease in tumor proliferation during H2O2 treatment both in vitro and in vivo (both P < 0.05). The oncogenic action of YAP-1 occurred via the activation of the c-Myc pathway, leading to the upregulation of components of the unfolded protein response (UPR), including 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein and activating transcription factor-6 (ATF-6). The YAP-1 mRNA levels in human HCC tissues were upregulated by 2.6-fold compared with those in nontumor tissues (P < 0.05) and were positively correlated with the ATF-6 Levels (Pearson’s coefficient = 0.299; P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION This study shows a novel connection between YAP-1 and the UPR through the c-Myc pathway during oxidative stress in HCC. The ROS-induced activation of YAP-1 via the c-Myc pathway, which leads to the activation of the UPR pathway, might be a therapeutic target in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul 06135, South Korea
| | - Min Ji Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul 06135, South Korea
| | - Koeun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul 06135, South Korea
| | - Sun Woong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul 06135, South Korea
| | - Wonjin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul 06135, South Korea
| | - Sooyeon Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chaum Life Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul 06062, South Korea
| | - Joo Ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam 13496, Bundang gu, South Korea
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Shen S, Yao T, Xu Y, Zhang D, Fan S, Ma J. CircECE1 activates energy metabolism in osteosarcoma by stabilizing c-Myc. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:151. [PMID: 33106166 PMCID: PMC7586679 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01269-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant bone tumor and has a poor prognosis. The potential involvement of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in OS progression remains unexplored. Here, we report that CircECE1, a circular RNA derived from human ECE1, plays a critical role in energy metabolism in OS. Methods The RIP chip sequence assay was performed to confirm CircECE1, through overexpression or knockdown of CircECE1 to verify its function in 143B and U2OS. RNA immunoprecipitation and immunoprecipitation were used to verify CircECE1’s regulation of protein c-Myc and co- immunoprecipitation was used to verified the competitive binding relationship between CircECE1 and SPOP. The influence of CircECE1 on energy metabolism was evaluated by seahorse experiment, western blot, and immunohistochemistry. Results We found that CircECE1 is highly expressed in OS tissues and cells and that CircECE1 knockdown suppresses tumor proliferation and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Further, CircECE1 significantly promotes glucose metabolism in OS cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, CircECE1 interacts with c-Myc to prevent speckle-type POZ-mediated c-Myc ubiquitination and degradation. C-Myc inhibits thioredoxin binding protein (TXNIP) transcription and subsequently activates the Warburg effect. Conclusions CircECE1 regulates the Warburg effect through the c-Myc/TXNIP axis. CircECE1 mediated signal transduction plays a important role in OS process and energy metabolism. These findings may identify novel targets for OS molecular therapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12943-020-01269-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University & Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Teng Yao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University & Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yining Xu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University & Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Deguang Zhang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Micro-Invasive Surgery of Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shunwu Fan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University & Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Jianjun Ma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University & Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Pavlova II, Tsvetkov VB, Isaakova EA, Severov VV, Khomyakova EA, Lacis IA, Lazarev VN, Lagarkova MA, Pozmogova GE, Varizhuk AM. Transcription-facilitating histone chaperons interact with genomic and synthetic G4 structures. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 160:1144-1157. [PMID: 32454109 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Affinity for G-quadruplex (G4) structures may be a common feature of transcription-facilitating histone chaperons (HCs). This assumption is based on previous unmatched studies of HCs FACT, nucleolin (NCL), BRD3, and ATRX. We verified this assumption and considered its implications for the therapeutic applications of synthetic (exogenous) G4s and the biological significance of genomic G4s. First, we questioned whether exogenous G4s that recognize cell-surface NCL and could trap other HCs in the nucleus are usable as anticancer agents. We performed in vitro binding assays and selected leading multi-targeted G4s. They exhibited minor effects on cell viability. The presumed NCL-regulated intracellular transport of G4s was inefficient or insufficient for tumor-specific G4 delivery. Next, to clarify whether G4s in the human genome could recruit HCs, we compared available HC ChIP-seq data with G4-seq/G4-ChIP-seq data. Several G4s, including the well-known c-Myc quadruplex structure, were found to be colocalized with HC occupancy sites in cancer cell lines. As evidenced by our molecular modeling data, c-Myc G4 might interfere with the HC function of BRD3 but is unlikely to prevent the BRD3-driven assembly of the chromatin remodeling complex. The c-Myc case illustrates the intricate role of genomic G4s in chromatin remodeling, nucleosome remodeling, and transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia I Pavlova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Malaya Pirogovskaya str. 1a, Moscow 119435, Russia.; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Vladimir B Tsvetkov
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Malaya Pirogovskaya str. 1a, Moscow 119435, Russia.; Computational Oncology Group, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya str, 8/2, Moscow 119146, Russia; A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect str. 29, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Isaakova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Malaya Pirogovskaya str. 1a, Moscow 119435, Russia.; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Vyacheslav V Severov
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Malaya Pirogovskaya str. 1a, Moscow 119435, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Khomyakova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Malaya Pirogovskaya str. 1a, Moscow 119435, Russia
| | - Ivan A Lacis
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Malaya Pirogovskaya str. 1a, Moscow 119435, Russia
| | - Vassilii N Lazarev
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Malaya Pirogovskaya str. 1a, Moscow 119435, Russia.; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia; Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Malaya Pirogovskaya str. 1a, Moscow 119435, Russia
| | - Maria A Lagarkova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Malaya Pirogovskaya str. 1a, Moscow 119435, Russia.; Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Malaya Pirogovskaya str. 1a, Moscow 119435, Russia
| | - Galina E Pozmogova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Malaya Pirogovskaya str. 1a, Moscow 119435, Russia.; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia; Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Malaya Pirogovskaya str. 1a, Moscow 119435, Russia
| | - Anna M Varizhuk
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Malaya Pirogovskaya str. 1a, Moscow 119435, Russia.; Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Malaya Pirogovskaya str. 1a, Moscow 119435, Russia; Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Vavilova str. 32, Moscow 119991, Russia.
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Liu S, Wang Y, Han Y, Xia W, Zhang L, Xu S, Ju H, Zhang X, Ren G, Liu L, Ye W, Zhang Z, Hu J. EREG-driven oncogenesis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma exhibits higher sensitivity to Erlotinib therapy. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:10589-10605. [PMID: 32929368 PMCID: PMC7482801 DOI: 10.7150/thno.47176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The oncogenesis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is believed to result from oncogene activation and tumor suppressor inactivation. Here, we identified a new oncogenic role for the EREG gene in HNSCC. Methods: The TCGA database and immunohistochemistry assay were used to analyze expression of EREG in HNSCC tissues. Immunoblotting was performed to identify the EGFR-mediated pathways altered by EREG. The role of EREG in oncogenesis was investigated in vivo and in vitro. Results: Upregulated EREG expression predicted a poor prognosis and triggered HNSCC oncogenic transformation by activating the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway. We also demonstrated the direct association of EREG with EGFR and that this binding required EGFR domains I and III and the N57 residue of EREG. Moreover, EREG overexpression was shown to promote HNSCC oncogenesis by inducing C-Myc expression, and the pharmacological inhibition of C-Myc rescued EREG-promoted HNSCC oncogenesis. Unlike other EGFR ligands, EREG could mimic EGFR mutations by sustaining the activation of the EGFR-Erk pathway, and high EREG expression was positively associated with the response to treatment with the EGFR inhibitor erlotinib. Furthermore, knockdown of EREG decreased sensitivity to erlotinib treatment in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions: These results identify the EREG-EGFR-C-Myc pathway as a crucial axis that drives HNSCC oncogenesis and show that EREG expression could be a predictive functional marker of sensitivity to erlotinib therapy in HNSCC.
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Gu J, Zhang Y, Wang X, Xiang J, Deng S, Wu D, Chen J, Yu L, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Shen J. Matrine inhibits the growth of natural killer/T-cell lymphoma cells by modulating CaMKIIγ- c-Myc signaling pathway. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:214. [PMID: 32641029 PMCID: PMC7346655 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background C-Myc overexpression is associated with poor prognosis and aggressive progression of natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL). Matrine, a main alkaloid of the traditional Chinese herb Sophora flavescens Ait, has been shown to inhibit cellular proliferation and induce apoptosis of various cancer cells. The present study investigated the effects and possible mechanisms of matrine inhibiting the growth of natural killer/T-cell lymphoma cells. Methods The effects of matrine on the proliferation, apoptosis and expression of apoptotic molecules, STAT3, LMP1, RUNX3, EZH2 and activation of CaMKIIγ/c-Myc pathway were examined in cultured NKTCL cell line NK92 cells. Results In cultured NK92 cells, matrine inhibited the proliferation in a dose and time dependent manner. The IC50 value of matrine was 1.71 mM for 72 h post exposure in NK92 cells. Matrine induced apoptosis with decreased Bcl-2 expression and the proteasome-dependent degradation of c-Myc protein in NK92 cells. c-Myc protein half-life in NK92 was reduced from 80.7 min to 33.4 min after matrine treatment, which meant the stability of c-Myc was decreased after matrine exposure. Furthermore, we found that matrine downregulated c-Myc phosphorylation at Ser62 together with the inhibition of CaMKIIγ, a key regulator of c-Myc protein in NKTCL. The downregulation of c-Myc transcription by matrine was mediated through LMP1 inhibition. We also observed that anti-proliferative activity of matrine was irrelevant to STAT3, RUNX3 and EZH2. Conclusions The results of the present study indicated that matrine inhibits the growth of natural killer/T-cell lymphoma cells by modulating LMP1-c-Myc and CaMKIIγ-c-Myc signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyou Gu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Zhejiang, 310006, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Circulatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, No. 54 Youdian Road, Zhejiang, 310006, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Zhejiang, 310006, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Zhejiang, 310006, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Circulatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, No. 54 Youdian Road, Zhejiang, 310006, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Xiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Zhejiang, 310006, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shu Deng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Zhejiang, 310006, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dijiong Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Zhejiang, 310006, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junfa Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Zhejiang, 310006, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lihong Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Zhejiang, 310006, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Zhejiang, 310006, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaokun Wang
- Shaoxing Second Hospital, No. 123 Yanan Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Jianping Shen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Zhejiang, 310006, Hangzhou, China.
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Tian C, Zeng S, Luo J. MCTS1 Directly Binds to TWF1 and Synergistically Modulate Cyclin D1 and C-Myc Translation in Luminal A/B Breast Cancer Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:5353-5361. [PMID: 32606753 PMCID: PMC7293984 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s255675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose MCTS1 re-initiation and release factor (MCTS1) is a ribosome-binding protein and shows multiple oncogenic properties in multiple cancers. This study aimed to investigate the expression, prognostic significance and transcription profile of MCTS1 in the PAM50 subtypes of breast cancer, as well as proteins with functional interactions with MCTS1 in luminal A/B breast cancer cells. Materials and Methods Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-Breast Carcinoma (BRCA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and normal breast epithelial tissue data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project were extracted and integrated for bioinformatic analysis. BT-474 and MCF-7 cells were used for in-vitro studies. Results MCTS1 expression varied significantly among PAM50 subtypes. Its expression might independently predict unfavorable overall survival (OS) in luminal A and B cases, but not in other subtypes. ENST00000371317.9 is the dominant isoform of MCTS1 transcripts and showed a step increase from normal, adjacent normal to breast cancer tissues. The protein encoded by this isoform directly bound to TWF1 and synergistically modulated cyclin D1 and C-Myc translation in BT-474 and MCF-7 cells. Conclusion MCTS1 expression might serve as a potential prognostic biomarker of unfavorable OS in luminal A and luminal B cases. The novel direct interaction between MCTS1 and TWF1 might be necessary for the translation of some downstream genes in common in luminal A/B breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Tian
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyan Zeng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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Li M, Ruan B, Wei J, Yang Q, Chen M, Ji M, Hou P. ACYP2 contributes to malignant progression of glioma through promoting Ca 2+ efflux and subsequently activating c-Myc and STAT3 signals. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2020; 39:106. [PMID: 32517717 PMCID: PMC7285537 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01607-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Acylphosphatase 2 (ACYP2) is involved in cell differentiation, energy metabolism and hydrolysis of intracellular ion pump. It has been reported as a negative regulator in leukemia and a positive regulator in colon cancer, respectively. However, its biological role in glioma remains totally unclear. Methods We performed quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot assays to evaluate ACYP2 expression. The functions of ACYP2 in glioma cells were determined by a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments, including cell proliferation, colony formation, cell cycle, apoptosis, migration, invasion and nude mouse tumorigenicity assays. In addition, western blot and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assays were used to identify its downstream targets. Results Knocking down ACYP2 in glioma cells significantly inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion and tumorigenic potential in nude mice, and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Conversely, ectopic expression of ACYP2 in glioma cells dramatically promoted malignant phenotypes of glioma cells. Mechanistically, ACYP2 promoted malignant progression of glioma cells through regulating intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis via its interaction with PMCA4, thereby activating c-Myc and PTP1B/STAT3 signals. This could be effectively reversed by Ca2+ chelator BAPTA-AM or calpain inhibitor calpeptin. Conclusions Our data demonstrate that ACYP2 functions as an oncogene in glioma through activating c-Myc and STAT3 signals via the regulation of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, and indicate that ACYP2 may be a potential therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker in gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdan Li
- Key Laboratory for tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province and Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P.R. China.,Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Banjun Ruan
- Key Laboratory for tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province and Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P.R. China.,Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wei
- Key Laboratory for tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province and Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P.R. China.,Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Qi Yang
- Key Laboratory for tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province and Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P.R. China.,Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Mingwei Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Meiju Ji
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P.R. China.
| | - Peng Hou
- Key Laboratory for tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province and Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P.R. China. .,Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P.R. China.
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Zhou Z, Ni J, Li J, Huo C, Miao N, Yin F, Cheng Q, Xu D, Xie H, Chen P, Zheng P, Zhang Y, Zhou L, Zhang W, Yu C, Liu J, Lu L. RIG-I aggravates interstitial fibrosis via c-Myc-mediated fibroblast activation in UUO mice. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:527-540. [PMID: 32036390 PMCID: PMC7198651 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01879-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Progressive tubulointerstitial fibrosis is the common final outcome for all kidney diseases evolving into chronic kidney disease (CKD), whereas molecular mechanisms driving fibrogenesis remain elusive. Retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I), an intracellular pattern recognition receptor, is originally identified participating in immune response by recognizing virus RNA. Here, we revealed for the first time that RIG-I was induced in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and folic acid (FA) renal fibrosis models and moderate-degree renal fibrosis patients. Besides, we found RIG-I was mainly located in renal tubular epithelial cells and promoted the production and release of inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 through activation of NF-κB. Inflammatory cytokines released by tubular epithelial cells activated c-Myc-mediated TGF-β/Smad signaling in fibroblasts, which in turn aggravated interstitial fibrosis by promoting fibroblast activation and production of extracellular matrix components (ECM). Deficiency of RIG-I attenuated renal fibrosis by the regulation of inflammatory responses, c-Myc expression, and fibroblast activation. Besides, gene silencing of RIG-I reduced inflammatory cytokines in cultured tubular epithelial cells treated with Angiotensin II. Knockdown of c-Myc or c-Myc inhibitor blocked IL-1β-induced fibroblast activation. Collectively, our study demonstrates that RIG-I plays a significant role in the progress of renal fibrosis via regulating c-Myc-mediated fibroblast activation. Key messages • RIG-I was constantly elevated in kidneys from renal fibrotic mice. • RIG-I facilitated inflammatory cytokine production in tubular epithelial cells. • RIG-I aggravated renal fibrosis via c-Myc-mediated TGF-β/Smad activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuanli Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiayun Ni
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jingyao Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chuanbing Huo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Naijun Miao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Fan Yin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qian Cheng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hongyan Xie
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Panpan Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Peiqing Zheng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chen Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Limin Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Sheng W, Shi X, Lin Y, Tang J, Jia C, Cao R, Sun J, Wang G, Zhou L, Dong M. Musashi2 promotes EGF-induced EMT in pancreatic cancer via ZEB1-ERK/MAPK signaling. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2020; 39:16. [PMID: 31952541 PMCID: PMC6967093 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-1521-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Our previous study showed Musashi2 (MSI2) promoted chemotherapy resistance and pernicious biology of pancreatic cancer (PC) by down-regulating Numb and p53. We further explored the novel molecular mechanism involving its oncogenic role in PC development. Methods We investigated the potential role and mechanism of MSI2 in EGF-induced EMT in PC in vitro and vivo. Results EGF enhanced EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) phosphorylation, induced EMT and activated ZEB1-ERK/MAPK signaling in 2 PC cells. However, MSI2 silencing reversed EGF stimulated function, including inhibiting EGF-promoted EMT-like cell morphology and EGF-enhanced cell invasion and migration. Meanwhile, MSI2 silencing inhibited EGF-enhanced EGFR phosphorylation at tyrosine 1068 and reversed EGF-induced change of the key proteins in EMT and ZEB1-ERK/MAPK signaling (ZEB1, E-cad, ZO-1, β-catenin, pERK and c-Myc). Additionally, MSI2 was co-stained and co-immunoprecipitated with ZEB1, pERK and c-Myc in PC cells by IF and co-IP, implying a close interaction between them. In vivo, MSI2 silencing inhibited pancreatic tumor size in situ and distant liver metastases. A close relationship of MSI2 with EMT and ZEB1-ERK/MAPK signaling were also observed in vivo and human PC samples, which coordinately promoted the poor prognosis of PC patients. Conclusions MSI2 promotes EGF-induced EMT in PC via ZEB1-ERK/MAPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Sheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Xiaoyang Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Yiheng Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Jingtong Tang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Chao Jia
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Rongxian Cao
- Department of General Surgery, the People's Hospital of Liaoning province, Shenyang, 110034, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Guosen Wang
- Department of General Surgery, the First Hospital of Nanchang University, NanChang, 330006, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, the Central Hospital of JingZhou City, JingZhou, 434020, China
| | - Ming Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
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Lao-On U, Rojvirat P, Chansongkrow P, Phannasil P, Siritutsoontorn S, Charoensawan V, Jitrapakdee S. c-Myc directly targets an over-expression of pyruvate carboxylase in highly invasive breast cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1866:165656. [PMID: 31874204 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Here we showed that the c-Myc oncogene is responsible for overexpression of pyruvate carboxylase (PC) in highly invasive MDA-MB-231 cells. Pharmacological inhibition of c-Myc activity with 10074-G5 compound, resulted in a marked reduction of PC mRNA and protein, concomitant with reduced cell growth, migration and invasion. This growth inhibition but not migration and invasion can be partly restored by overexpression of PC, indicating that PC is a c-Myc-regulated pro-proliferating enzyme. Analysis of chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing of c-Myc bound promoters revealed that c-Myc binds to two canonical c-Myc binding sites, locating at nucleotides -417 to -407 and -301 to -291 in the P2 promoter of human PC gene. Mutation of either c-Myc binding site in the P2 promoter-luciferase construct resulted in 50-60% decrease in luciferase activity while double mutation of c-Myc binding sites further decreased the luciferase activity in MDA-MB-231 cells. Overexpression of c-Myc in HEK293T cells that have no endogenous c-Myc resulted in 250-fold increase in luciferase activity. Mutation of either E-boxes lowered luciferase activity by 50% and 25%, respectively while double mutation of both sites abolished the c-Myc transactivation response. An electrophoretic mobility shift assay using nuclear proteins from MDA-MB-231 confirmed binding of c-Myc to both c-Myc binding sites in the P2 promoter. Bioinformatic analysis of publicly available transcriptomes from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) dataset revealed an association between expression of c-Myc and PC in primary breast, as well as in lung and colon cancer tissues, suggesting that overexpression of PC is deregulated by c-Myc in these cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udom Lao-On
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Pinnara Rojvirat
- Division of Interdisciplinary, Mahidol University at Kanjanaburi campus, Thailand
| | - Pakkanan Chansongkrow
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Phatchariya Phannasil
- Thalassemia Research Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | | | - Varodom Charoensawan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Systems Biology of Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Integrative Computational BioScience (ICBS) Center, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Sarawut Jitrapakdee
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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Malone T, Schäfer L, Simon N, Heavey S, Cuffe S, Finn S, Moore G, Gately K. Current perspectives on targeting PIM kinases to overcome mechanisms of drug resistance and immune evasion in cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 207:107454. [PMID: 31836451 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PIM kinases are a class of serine/threonine kinases that play a role in several of the hallmarks of cancer including cell cycle progression, metabolism, inflammation and immune evasion. Their constitutively active nature and unique catalytic structure has led them to be an attractive anticancer target through the use of small molecule inhibitors. This review highlights the enhanced activity of PIM kinases in cancer that can be driven by hypoxia in the tumour microenvironment and the important role that aberrant PIM kinase activity plays in resistance mechanisms to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, anti-angiogenic therapies and targeted therapies. We highlight an interaction of PIM kinases with numerous major oncogenic players, including but not limited to, stabilisation of p53, synergism with c-Myc, and notable parallel signalling with PI3K/Akt. We provide a comprehensive overview of PIM kinase's role as an escape mechanism to targeted therapies including PI3K/mTOR inhibitors, MET inhibitors, anti-HER2/EGFR treatments and the immunosuppressant rapamycin, providing a rationale for co-targeting treatment strategies for a more durable patient response. The current status of PIM kinase inhibitors and their use as a combination therapy with other targeted agents, in addition to the development of novel multi-molecularly targeted single therapeutic agents containing a PIM kinase targeting moiety are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Malone
- Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lea Schäfer
- Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nathalie Simon
- Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Susan Heavey
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sinead Cuffe
- Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephen Finn
- Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gillian Moore
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kathy Gately
- Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
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Wang S, Tang D, Wang W, Yang Y, Wu X, Wang L, Wang D. circLMTK2 acts as a sponge of miR-150-5p and promotes proliferation and metastasis in gastric cancer. Mol Cancer 2019; 18:162. [PMID: 31722712 PMCID: PMC6854648 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-1081-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a novel class of non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs (circRNAs) are key regulators of the development and progression of different cancers. However, little is known about the function and biological mechanism of circLMTK2, also named hsa_circ_0001725, in gastric cancer (GC) tumourigenesis. METHODS circLMTK2 was identified in ten paired cancer specimens and adjacent normal tissues by RNA sequencing and genome-wide bioinformatic analysis and verified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Knockdown or exogenous expression of circLMTK2 combined with in vitro and in vivo assays were performed to prove the functional significance of circLMTK2. The molecular mechanism of circLMTK2 was demonstrated by searching the CircNet database and confirmed by RNA in vivo precipitation assays, western blotting, luciferase assays and rescue experiments. RESULTS circLMTK2 was frequently upregulated in GC tissues, and high circLMTK2 expression was associated with poor prognosis, lymph node metastasis and poor TNM stage in GC patients. Functionally, circLMTK2 overexpression promoted GC cell proliferation and tumourigenicity in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, ectopic circLMTK2 expression enhanced GC cell migration and invasion in vitro and tumour metastasis in vivo. In addition, we demonstrated that circLMTK2 could sponge miR-150-5p, thus indirectly regulating the c-Myc expression and contributing to GC tumourigenesis. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that circLMTK2 functions as a tumour promoter in GC through the miR-150-5p/c-Myc axis and could thus be a prognostic predictor and therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of General Surgery, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yining Yang
- GloriousMed Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liuhua Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Daorong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China.
- Institute of General Surgery, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China.
- Yangzhou Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China.
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Jin X, Fang R, Fan P, Zeng L, Zhang B, Lu X, Liu T. PES1 promotes BET inhibitors resistance and cells proliferation through increasing c-Myc expression in pancreatic cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:463. [PMID: 31718704 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1466-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Overexpressed PES1 promotes carcinogenesis in various types of malignant tumors. However, the biological role and clinical significance of PES1 in pancreatic cancer are still unexplored. Methods The expression level of PES1 in pancreatic cancer cell lines and pancreatic cancer patient samples was determined using Western Blotting analysis, RT-qPCR analysis, immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of tissue microarray, and the GEPIA web tool. MTS assay, colony formation assay, and xenograft tumor assay were used to evaluate the tumor growth ability of pancreatic cancer cells. Results We established that the expression of PES1 was abnormally increased in pancreatic cancer tissues and led to poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. We also found that PES1 was responsible for promoting cell growth and contributed to bromodomain and cancer cell resistance to extra-terminal (BET) inhibitors in pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, we showed that PES1 interacted with BRD4 to enhance c-Myc expression, which is the primary cause of cancer cell resistance to BET inhibitors in pancreatic cancer. Finally, CDK5 inhibitors were proven to destabilize PES1 and overcome cancer cell resistance to BET inhibitors in pancreatic cancer cells. Conclusions We have shown that PES1 could be one of the promoting factors of tumor growth and a prognosis-related protein of pancreatic cancer. Targeting PES1 with CDK5 inhibitors might help overcome cancer cell resistance to BET inhibitors in pancreatic cancer cells.
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Jiang P, Huang M, Qi W, Wang F, Yang T, Gao T, Luo C, Deng J, Yang Z, Zhou T, Zou Y, Gao G, Yang X. FUBP1 promotes neuroblastoma proliferation via enhancing glycolysis-a new possible marker of malignancy for neuroblastoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:400. [PMID: 31511046 PMCID: PMC6737630 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1414-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the deadliest paediatric solid tumours due to its rapid proliferative characteristics. Amplified copies of MYCN are considered the most important marker for the prediction of tumour relapse and progression in NB, but they were only detected in 20–30% of NB patients, indicating there might be other oncogenes in the development of NB. The far upstream element binding protein 1 (FUBP1) was first identified as a transcriptional regulator of the proto-oncogene MYC. However, the expression and role of FUBP1 in NB have not been documented. Methods FUBP1 expression was analysed from GEO database and verified by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting (WB) in NB tissues and cell lines. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8, Colony formation assay, EDU, TUNEL staining and flow cytometric analysis. Several glycolytic metabolites production was confirmed by ELISA and oxygen consuming rate (OCR). Luciferase assay, WB, chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) were used to explore the mechanisms of the effect of FUBP1 on NB. Results FUBP1 mRNA levels were increased along with the increase in International Neuroblastoma Staging System (INSS) stages. High expression of FUBP1 with low N-Myc expression accounted for 44.6% of NB patient samples (n = 65). In addition, FUBP1 protein levels were remarkably increased with NB malignancy in the NB tissue microarray (NB: n = 65; ganglioneuroblastoma: n = 31; ganglioneuroma: n = 27). Furthermore, FUBP1 expression was negatively correlated with patient survival rate but positively correlated with ki67 content. In vitro experiments showed that FUBP1 promotes NB cell proliferation and inhibits cell apoptosis via enhancing glycolysis and ATP production. Mechanistically, FUBP1 inhibited the degradation of HIF1α via downregulation of Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL), the E3 ligase for HIF1α, resulting in upregulation of lactate dehydrogenase isoform B (LDHB) expression to enhance glycolysis. Overexpressed or silenced N-Myc could not regulate FUBP1 or LDHB levels. Conclusions Taken together, our findings demonstrate for the first time that elevated FUBP1 promotes NB glycolysis and growth by targeting HIF1α rather than N-Myc, suggesting that FUBP1 is a novel and powerful oncogene in the development of NB independent of N-Myc and may have potential in the diagnosis and treatment of NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Jiang
- Program of Molecular Medicine, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Mao Huang
- Program of Molecular Medicine, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Weiwei Qi
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Fenghua Wang
- Program of Molecular Medicine, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianyou Yang
- Program of Molecular Medicine, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianxiao Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanghua Luo
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jing Deng
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhonghan Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ti Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yan Zou
- Program of Molecular Medicine, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoquan Gao
- Program of Molecular Medicine, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China. .,Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Gene Manipulation and Biomacromolecular Products, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xia Yang
- Program of Molecular Medicine, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China. .,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Chen S, Gu T, Lu Z, Qiu L, Xiao G, Zhu X, Li F, Yu H, Li G, Liu H. Roles of MYC-targeting long non-coding RNA MINCR in cell cycle regulation and apoptosis in non-small cell lung Cancer. Respir Res 2019; 20:202. [PMID: 31481083 PMCID: PMC6724276 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1174-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death in the world, and has a relatively low survival rate. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to modulate cancer progression through a variety of molecular mechanisms. We sought to investigate the role and potential mechanism of MYC-induced long non-coding RNA (MINCR) in NSCLC. METHODS Expression levels of MINCR was first identified using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), further confirmed with specimens from 29 NSCLC patients and three cell lines using qRT-PCR. Overexpression and knockdown of MINCR were performed in NSCLC cell lines through MINCR overexpression vectors and synthesized siRNAs, respectively. The roles of MINCR in NSCLC cell lines, such as cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis, were identified by MTT, flow cytometry, and Western blot. The modulation of MINCR-regulated genes, including c-Myc and its downstream effectors, as well as apoptosis-associated genes, was analyzed using Western blot. RESULTS MINCR expression was increased in NSCLC patients from TCGA datasets, and was also significantly increased in our collected specimens from NSCLC patients and NSCLC cell lines. Knocking down of MINCR greatly inhibited the growth of NSCLC cell lines PC9 and A549. In addition, silencing of MINCR induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Furthermore, silencing of MINCR reduced the expression levels of oncogene c-Myc and its downstream cyclin A, cyclin D, CD4, and CDK2, as well as apoptosis-associated Bcl-2, while significantly increased the expression levels of cleaved PARP-1. In the meantime, overexpression of MINCR remarkably enhanced cell proliferation of PC9 cells and activated c-Myc and its downstream effectors. CONCLUSION MINCR exerted inhibitory effects on the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of NSCLC cells by activating c-Myc and its downstream effectors, suggesting that this lncRNA could be used as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tianyi Gu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu Province, China.,School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ziwen Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lipeng Qiu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guoliang Xiao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu Province, China.,School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaozhong Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hui Yu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hanqing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Xiao Y, Liu T, Liu X, Zheng L, Yu D, Zhang Y, Qian X, Liu X. Total Astragalus saponins attenuates CVB3-induced viral myocarditis through inhibiting expression of tumor necrosis factor α and Fas ligand. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2019; 9:337-345. [PMID: 31555538 DOI: 10.21037/cdt.2019.07.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background To investigate the therapeutic effect of total Astragalus saponins (AST) against viral myocarditis in animal and cell models. Methods Primary myocardiocytes (PMCs) were stimulated by the coxsackie B (CVB) 3 virus to prepare the cell model of viral myocarditis. Cell viability, apoptosis and the mRNA expression of C-Myc, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and Fas were detected to evaluate the protective effects of AST on CVB3-induced PMC damage. Results AST could significantly increase survival and decrease the ratio of heart weight: body weight (P<0.05). The level of myocardial fibrosis in the AST group was significantly lower than that in the CVB3 group. Compared with the CVB3 group, the ejection fraction was increased significantly in the AST group. Levels of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase-MB in the peripheral blood of the AST group were significantly lower than those in the control group. In vitro, AST could significantly decrease CVB3-induced PMC apoptosis. Expression of C-Myc, TNF-α, Fas in the AST group was significantly lower than that in the CVB3 group. Conclusions It is demonstrated that AST was protective against CVB3-induced viral myocarditis, which may be associated with a decrease in CVB3-induced apoptosis and down-regulation of expression of C-Myc, TNF-α and Fas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Tianlong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot 010017, China
| | - Lanbin Zheng
- Department of Psychiatry, Inner Mongolia Mental Health Center, Hohhot 010010, China
| | - Dongsheng Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, Inner Mongolia Mental Health Center, Hohhot 010010, China
| | - Yuanyan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Xinyu Qian
- Department of Pharmacology, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
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Liu Z, Sun R, Zhang X, Qiu B, Chen T, Li Z, Xu Y, Zhang Z. Transcription factor 7 promotes the progression of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma by inducing the transcription of c-Myc and FOS-like antigen 1. EBioMedicine 2019; 45:181-91. [PMID: 31248836 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHCC) is the most common type of cholangiocarcinoma with the worst prognosis. Radical resection of PHCC is difficult; thus, few effective biomarkers or useful molecular profiles for PHCC have been reported in recent years. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to assess biomarkers for PHCC. Methods We screened potential biomarkers for PHCC using exome and transcriptome sequencing with PHCC tissues and paired normal tissues. Transcription factor 7 (TCF7) expression was evaluated using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. The correlations between TCF7 and clinicopathological factors were analyzed with Chi-square test, and the prognostic significance of TCF7 was evaluated with univariate and multivariate analyses. The functions of TCF7 and its main effectors in PHCC cells were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Findings TCF7 expression was upregulated in PHCC and was an unfavorable prognostic biomarker. c-Myc was a main effector of TCF7 in PHCC cells and modulated TCF7-induced proliferation, invasion, and migration. FOS-like antigen 1 (FOSL1) was identified as a downstream target of TCF7 and was required in TCF7-induced PHCC proliferation. Triple-positive expression of TCF7, c-Myc, and FOSL1 predicted a much worse prognosis in patients with PHCC than TCF7 expression alone. Interpretation Postoperative detection of TCF7, c-Myc, and FOSL1 may be useful for stratifying patients with a high risk of unfavorable prognosis, and suppressing TCF7 or its downstream effectors may be a promising strategy for the treatment of PHCC.
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Luo P, Zhang C, Liao F, Chen L, Liu Z, Long L, Jiang Z, Wang Y, Wang Z, Liu Z, Miao H, Shi C. Transcriptional positive cofactor 4 promotes breast cancer proliferation and metastasis through c-Myc mediated Warburg effect. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:36. [PMID: 30992017 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0348-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The human positive cofactor 4 (PC4) is initially identified as a transcriptional cofactor and has an important role in embryonic development and malignant transformation. However, the clinical significance and the molecular mechanisms of PC4 in breast cancer development and progression are still unknown. Methods We investigated PC4 expression in 114 cases of primary breast cancer and matched normal breast tissue specimens, and studied the impact of PC4 expression as well as the molecular mechanisms of this altered expression on breast cancer growth and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Results PC4 was significantly upregulated in breast cancer and high PC4 expression was positively correlated with metastasis and poor prognosis of patients. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) demonstrated that the gene sets of cell proliferation and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) were positively correlated with elevated PC4 expression. Consistently, loss of PC4 markedly inhibited the growth and metastasis of breast cancer both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, PC4 exerted its oncogenic functions by directly binding to c-Myc promoters and inducing Warburg effect. Conclusions Our study reveals for the first time that PC4 promotes breast cancer progression by directly regulating c-Myc transcription to promote Warburg effect, implying a novel therapeutic target for breast cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12964-019-0348-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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