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Wang X, Wang Y, Zhang W, Zhu X, Liu Z, Liu M, Liu S, Li B, Chen Y, Wang Z, Zhu P, Zhao W, Wang Y, Chen Z. Biomimetic-gasdermin-protein-expressing nanoplatform mediates tumor-specific pyroptosis for cancer immunotherapy. J Control Release 2024; 367:61-75. [PMID: 38242210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Pyroptosis, mediated by gasdermin proteins, has shown excellent efficacy in facilitating cancer immunotherapy. The strategies commonly used to induce pyroptosis suffer from a lack of tissue specificity, resulting in the nonselective activation of pyroptosis and consequent systemic toxicity. Moreover, pyroptosis activation usually depends on caspase, which can induce inflammation and metabolic disorders. In this study, inspired by the tumor-specific expression of SRY-box transcription factor 4 (Sox4) and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), we constructed a doubly regulated plasmid, pGMD, that expresses a biomimetic gasdermin D (GSDMD) protein to induce the caspase-independent pyroptosis of tumor cells. To deliver pGMD to tumor cells, we used a hyaluronic acid (HA)-shelled calcium carbonate nanoplatform, H-CNP@pGMD, which effectively degrades in the acidic endosomal environment, releasing pGMD into the cytoplasm of tumor cells. Upon the initiation of Sox4, biomimetic GSDMD was expressed and cleaved by MMP2 to induce tumor-cell-specific pyroptosis. H-CNP@pGMD effectively inhibited tumor growth and induced strong immune memory effects, preventing tumor recurrence. We demonstrate that H-CNP@pGMD-induced biomimetic GSDMD expression and tumor-specific pyroptosis provide a novel approach to boost cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wenyan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xueqin Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zimai Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Meiyi Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Sijia Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Bingyu Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yalan Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ziyan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Pingping Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wenshan Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yongchao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Zhenzhen Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Bioactive Macromolecules, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; International Joint Laboratory for Protein and Peptide Drugs of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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2
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Xu Q, Li C, Meng X, Duo X, Feng Y. Polyethylenimine-modified graphene quantum dots promote endothelial cell proliferation. Regen Biomater 2024; 11:rbae013. [PMID: 38525325 PMCID: PMC10960926 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbae013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell proliferation plays an important role in angiogenesis and treatment of related diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of polyethylenimine (PEI)-modified graphene quantum dots (GQDs) gene vectors on endothelial cell proliferation. The GQDs-cationic polymer gene vectors were synthesized by amidation reaction, and used to deliver pZNF580 gene to Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) for promoting their proliferation. The chemical modification of GQDs can adjust gene vectors' surface properties and charge distribution, thereby enhancing their interaction with gene molecules, which could effectively compress the pZNF580 gene. The CCK-8 assay showed that the cell viability was higher than 80% at higher vector concentration (40 μg/mL), demonstrating that the GQDs-cationic polymer gene vectors and their gene complex nanoparticles (NPs) having low cytotoxicity. The results of the live/dead cell double staining assay were consistent with those of the CCK-8 assay, in which the cell viability of the A-GQDs/pZNF580 (94.38 ± 6.39%), C-GQDs-PEI- polylactic acid-co-polyacetic acid (PLGA)/pZNF580 (98.65 ± 6.60%) and N-GQDs-PEI-PLGA/pZNF580 (90.08 ± 1.60%) groups was significantly higher than that of the Lipofectamine 2000/pZNF580 (71.98 ± 3.53%) positive treatment group. The results of transfection and western blot experiments showed that the vector significantly enhanced the delivery of plasmid to HUVECs and increased the expression of pZNF580 in HUVECs. In addition, the gene NPs better promote endothelial cell migration and proliferation. The cell migration rate and proliferation ability of C-GQDs-PEI-PLGA/pZNF580 and N-GQDs-PEI-PLGA/pZNF580 treatment groups were higher than those of Lipofectamine 2000/pDNA treatment group. Modified GQDs possess the potential to serve as efficient gene carriers. They tightly bind gene molecules through charge and other non-covalent interactions, significantly improving the efficiency of gene delivery and ensuring the smooth release of genes within the cell. This innovative strategy provides a powerful means to promote endothelial cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qirong Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining 810007, PR China
- Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of Resource Chemistry and Ecological Environment Protection on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Xining 810007, PR China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining 810007, PR China
- Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of Resource Chemistry and Ecological Environment Protection on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Xining 810007, PR China
| | - Xiangyan Meng
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Xinghong Duo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining 810007, PR China
- Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of Resource Chemistry and Ecological Environment Protection on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Xining 810007, PR China
| | - Yakai Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
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3
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Shtykalova S, Deviatkin D, Freund S, Egorova A, Kiselev A. Non-Viral Carriers for Nucleic Acids Delivery: Fundamentals and Current Applications. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:903. [PMID: 37109432 PMCID: PMC10142071 DOI: 10.3390/life13040903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, non-viral DNA and RNA delivery systems have been intensively studied as an alternative to viral vectors. Despite the most significant advantage over viruses, such as the lack of immunogenicity and cytotoxicity, the widespread use of non-viral carriers in clinical practice is still limited due to the insufficient efficacy associated with the difficulties of overcoming extracellular and intracellular barriers. Overcoming barriers by non-viral carriers is facilitated by their chemical structure, surface charge, as well as developed modifications. Currently, there are many different forms of non-viral carriers for various applications. This review aimed to summarize recent developments based on the essential requirements for non-viral carriers for gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Shtykalova
- Department of Genomic Medicine, D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, Mendeleevskaya Line 3, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Embankment 7-9, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitriy Deviatkin
- Department of Genomic Medicine, D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, Mendeleevskaya Line 3, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Embankment 7-9, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Svetlana Freund
- Department of Genomic Medicine, D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, Mendeleevskaya Line 3, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Embankment 7-9, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna Egorova
- Department of Genomic Medicine, D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, Mendeleevskaya Line 3, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anton Kiselev
- Department of Genomic Medicine, D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, Mendeleevskaya Line 3, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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A 3D-printed PCL/PEI/DNA bioactive scaffold for chemotherapy drug capture in vivo. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123942. [PMID: 36889620 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Systemic chemotherapy after surgery is necessary to control tumor recurrence, but the severe side effects caused by chemotherapeutic drugs pose a great threat to patients' health. In this study, we originally develop a porous scaffold used for chemotherapy drug capture by using 3D printing technology. The scaffold is mainly composed of poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and polyetherimide (PEI) with a mass ratio of 5/1. Subsequently, the printed scaffold is modified with DNA through the strong electrostatic integration between DNA and PEI to endow the scaffold with the specific absorption to doxorubicin (DOX, a widely used chemotherapy drug). The results show that pore diameter has an important influence on DOX adsorption, and smaller pores will ensure a higher DOX absorption. In vitro, the printed scaffold can absorb about 45 % DOX. While in vivo, it remains a higher absorption ability to DOX when the scaffold is successfully implanted into the common jugular vein of rabbits. What's more, the scaffold has good hemocompatibility and biocompatibility, indicating its safety for in vivo application. Taken together, the 3D-printed scaffold with excellent capture of chemotherapy drugs will play an important role in reducing the toxic side effects of chemotherapy drugs and improving the life quality of patients.
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5
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Huang X, Song R, Wang X, He K, Shan R, Xie F, Huang G. Study on co-delivery of pemetrexed disodium and Bcl-2 siRNA by poly-γ-glutamic acid-modified cationic liposomes for the inhibition of NSCLC. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2023; 49:62-74. [PMID: 36803267 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2023.2182125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Due to the complexity of the pathophysiology of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the susceptibility of single chemotherapy to drug resistance, the combination of drugs and small interfering RNA (siRNA) may produce a desired therapeutic effect on NSCLC through the action of multiple pathways. We designed to develop poly-γ-glutamic acid-modified cationic liposomes (γ-PGA-CL) to co-deliver pemetrexed disodium (PMX) and siRNA to treat NSCLC. Firstly, γ-PGA was modified on the surface of PMX and siRNA co-loaded cationic liposomes by electrostatic interaction (γ-PGA modified PMX/siRNA-CL). In order to evaluate whether the prepared γ-PGA modified PMX/siRNA-CL could be taken up by tumor cells and exert significant anti-tumor effects, in vitro and in vivo studies were performed, with A549 cells and LLC-bearing BABL/c mice as experimental models, respectively. The particle size and zeta potential of γ-PGA modified PMX/siRNA-CL was (222.07 ± 1.23) nm and (-11.38 ± 1.44) mV. A preliminary stability experiment showed the complex could protect siRNA from degradation. In vitro cell uptake experiment indicated the complex group exerted stronger fluorescence intensity and expressed higher flow detection value. Cytotoxicity study showed the cell survival rate of γ-PGA-CL was (74.68 ± 0.94)%. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis and western blot technology displayed that the complex could inhibit the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA and protein to promote cell apoptosis. In vivo anti-tumor experiments represented the complex group showed a significant inhibitory effect on tumor growth, while the vector showed no obvious toxicity. Therefore, the current studies proved the feasibility of combining PMX and siRNA by γ-PGA-CL as a potential strategy for the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Huang
- The School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ruonan Song
- The School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- The School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Kongfang He
- The School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Rumeng Shan
- The School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fei Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guihua Huang
- The School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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6
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Su L, Sun Z, Qi F, Su H, Qian L, Li J, Zuo L, Huang J, Yu Z, Li J, Chen Z, Zhang S. GRP75-driven, cell-cycle-dependent macropinocytosis of Tat/pDNA-Ca 2+ nanoparticles underlies distinct gene therapy effect in ovarian cancer. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:340. [PMID: 35858873 PMCID: PMC9301890 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01530-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Practice of tumor-targeted suicide gene therapy is hampered by unsafe and low efficient delivery of plasmid DNA (pDNA). Using HIV-Tat-derived peptide (Tat) to non-covalently form Tat/pDNA complexes advances the delivery performance. However, this innovative approach is still limited by intracellular delivery efficiency and cell-cycle status. In this study, Tat/pDNA complexes were further condensed into smaller, nontoxic nanoparticles by Ca2+ addition. Formulated Tat/pDNA-Ca2+ nanoparticles mainly use macropinocytosis for intercellular delivery, and their macropinocytic uptake was persisted in mitosis (M-) phase and highly activated in DNA synthesis (S-) phase of cell-cycle. Over-expression or phosphorylation of a mitochondrial chaperone, 75-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP75), promoted monopolar spindle kinase 1 (MPS1)-controlled centrosome duplication and cell-cycle progress, but also driven cell-cycle-dependent macropinocytosis of Tat/pDNA-Ca2+ nanoparticles. Further in vivo molecular imaging based on DF (Fluc-eGFP)-TF (RFP-Rluc-HSV-ttk) system showed that Tat/pDNA-Ca2+ nanoparticles exhibited highly suicide gene therapy efficiency in mouse model xenografted with human ovarian cancer. Furthermore, arresting cell-cycle at S-phase markedly enhanced delivery performance of Tat/pDNA-Ca2+ nanoparticles, whereas targeting GRP75 reduced their macropinocytic delivery. More importantly, in vivo targeting GRP75 combined with cell-cycle or macropinocytosis inhibitors exhibited distinct suicide gene therapy efficiency. In summary, our data highlight that mitochondrial chaperone GRP75 moonlights as a biphasic driver underlying cell-cycle-dependent macropinocytosis of Tat/pDNA-Ca2+ nanoparticles in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjia Su
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Nankai District, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Fangzheng Qi
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Nankai District, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Huishan Su
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Nankai District, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Luomeng Qian
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Nankai District, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Nankai District, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zuo
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Nankai District, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhai Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zhilin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jinping Li
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, 75123, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Zhinan Chen
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Sihe Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Nankai District, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Atz Dick T, Uludağ H. A Polyplex in a Shell: The Effect of Poly(aspartic acid)-Mediated Calcium Carbonate Mineralization on Polyplexes Properties and Transfection Efficiency. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:2077-2091. [PMID: 35649175 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mineralization by exposure of organic templates to supersaturated solutions is used by many living organisms to generate specialized materials to perform structural or protective functions. Similarly, it was suggested that improved robustness acquired through mineralization under natural conditions could be an important factor for virus survival outside of a host for better transfection of cells. Here, inspired by this fact, we developed a nonviral tricomponent polyplex system for gene delivery capable of undergoing mineralization. First, we fabricated anionic polyplexes carrying pDNA by self-assembly with a lipid-modified cationic polymer and coating by poly(aspartic acid). Then, we submitted the polyplexes to a two-step mineralization reaction to precipitate CaCO3 under various supersaturations. We carried out detailed morphological studies of the mineralized polyplexes and identified which parameters of the fabrication process were influential on transfection efficiency. We found that mineralization with CaCO3 is efficient in promoting transfection efficiency as long as a certain Ca2+/CO32- lower limit ratio is respected. However, calcium incubation can also be used to achieve similar effects at higher concentrations depending on polyplex composition, probably due to the formation of physical cross-links by calcium binding to poly(aspartic acid). We proposed that the improved robustness and transfection efficiency provided by means of mineralization can be used to expand the possible applications of polyplexes in gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teo Atz Dick
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T5K 2Y3 Canada
| | - Hasan Uludağ
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T5K 2Y3 Canada.,Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2R3 Canada.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2R3, Canada
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8
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Dick TA, Sone ED, Uludağ H. Mineralized vectors for gene therapy. Acta Biomater 2022; 147:1-33. [PMID: 35643193 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
There is an intense interest in developing materials for safe and effective delivery of polynucleotides using non-viral vectors. Mineralization of organic templates has long been used to produce complex materials with outstanding biocompatibility. However, a lack of control over mineral growth has limited the applicability of mineralized materials to a few in vitro applications. With better control over mineral growth and surface functionalization, mineralized vectors have advanced significantly in recent years. Here, we review the recent progress in chemical synthesis, physicochemical properties, and applications of mineralized materials in gene therapy, focusing on structure-function relationships. We contrast the classical understanding of the mineralization mechanism with recent ideas of mineralization. A brief introduction to gene delivery is summarized, followed by a detailed survey of current mineralized vectors. The vectors derived from calcium phosphate are articulated and compared to other minerals with unique features. Advanced mineral vectors derived from templated mineralization and specialty coatings are critically analyzed. Mineral systems beyond the co-precipitation are explored as more complex multicomponent systems. Finally, we conclude with a perspective on the future of mineralized vectors by carefully demarcating the boundaries of our knowledge and highlighting ambiguous areas in mineralized vectors. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Therapy by gene-based medicines is increasingly utilized to cure diseases that are not alleviated by conventional drug therapy. Gene medicines, however, rely on macromolecular nucleic acids that are too large and too hydrophilic for cellular uptake. Without tailored materials, they are not functional for therapy. One emerging class of nucleic acid delivery system is mineral-based materials. The fact that they can undergo controlled dissolution with minimal footprint in biological systems are making them attractive for clinical use, where safety is utmost importance. In this submission, we will review the emerging synthesis technology and the range of new generation minerals for use in gene medicines.
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Yang S, Wong KH, Hua P, He C, Yu H, Shao D, Shi Z, Chen M. ROS-responsive fluorinated polyethyleneimine vector to co-deliver shMTHFD2 and shGPX4 plasmids induces ferroptosis and apoptosis for cancer therapy. Acta Biomater 2022; 140:492-505. [PMID: 34879292 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a newly discovered non-apoptotic cell death form but its therapeutic efficacy triggered by traditional iron-based nanomaterials or classic drug inducers has been far from satisfactory due to the high glutathione (GSH) level in cancer cells and insufficient lipid peroxide production. Here we reported a ferroptosis/apoptosis combinational therapy by depleting GSH and downregulating GPX4 to disrupt redox homeostasis and amplify ferroptosis-related oxidation effect. In this study, we developed reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive serum-resistant nanoparticles with thioketal-crosslinked fluorinated polyethyleneimine 1.8K (TKPF) as the core, which were wrapped with hyaluronic acid (HA) as the shell (TKPFH NP) to co-deliver shGPX4 and shMTHFD2 plasmids for cancer treatment. The highly efficient and tumor-selective gene carrier TKPFH NPs revealed outstanding transfection efficiency (∼100 %) and sustained the efficiency (∼50 %) even in media containing 90 % FBS. Mediated by HA, TKPFH NPs actively targeted CD44 receptors, thus enabling efficient uptake by tumor cells and experiencing surface charge conversion to induce subsequent lysosomal escape. Then the TKPF NPs were effectively disintegrated by the abundant ROS in cancer cells, which facilitated the release of plasmids and avoided the cytotoxicity of cationic polymers. shGPX4 plasmid induced ferroptosis by producing ROS and lipid peroxides via downregulating GPX4, while shMTHFD2 triggered apoptosis by modulating NADPH/NADP and depleting GSH of the cancer cells. Moreover, GSH consumption caused by shMTHFD2 indirectly suppressed GPX4 and further augmented ferroptosis, showing synergistic anticancer effect against B16-F10 cells. Taken together, the rationally designed dual-gene loaded TKPFH NPs provided a safe and high-performance platform for enhanced ferroptosis-apoptosis combined anticancer efficacy based on gene therapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The therapeutic efficacy of ferroptosis has been far from satisfactory due to high GSH level and insufficient lipid peroxide production in cancer cells. Herein, we reported a ferroptosis/apoptosis combinational therapy by depleting GSH and downregulating GPX4 to disrupt redox homeostasis and amplify ferroptosis-related oxidation effect. ROS-responsive serum-resistant nanoparticles were fabricated with thioketal-crosslinked fluorinated PEI 1.8K (TKPF) as the core and hyaluronic acid (HA) as the shell (TKPFH NP) to co-deliver shGPX4 and shMTHFD2 plasmids. The shGPX4 plasmid induced ferroptosis by producing ROS and lipid peroxides via downregulating GPX4, while shMTHFD2 triggered apoptosis by modulating NADPH/NADP and depleting GSH. The rationally designed dual-gene loaded TKPFH NPs provided a safe and high-performance platform aimed for enhanced ferroptosis-apoptosis combined anticancer efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleixin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Ka Hong Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Peng Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Chengwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Hua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Dan Shao
- Institutes of Life Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhi Shi
- Department of Cell Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Meiwan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.
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10
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Tian Y, Zhao Y, Yin C, Tan S, Wang X, Yang C, Zhang TD, Zhang X, Ye F, Xu J, Wu X, Ding L, Zhang J, Pei J, Wang XT, Zhang RX, Xu J, Wang W, Filipe CD, Hoare T, Yin DC, Qian A, Deng X. Polyvinylamine with moderate binding affinity as a highly effective vehicle for RNA delivery. J Control Release 2022; 345:20-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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11
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González-Domínguez I, Puente-Massaguer E, Lavado-García J, Cervera L, Gòdia F. Micrometric DNA/PEI polyplexes correlate with higher transient gene expression yields in HEK 293 cells. N Biotechnol 2022; 68:87-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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12
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A Dick T, Uludağ H. Mineralized polyplexes for gene delivery: Improvement of transfection efficiency as a consequence of calcium incubation and not mineralization. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 129:112419. [PMID: 34579928 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy is an emerging field in which nucleic acids are used to control protein expression. The necessity of delivering nucleic acids to specific cell types and intracellular sites demands the use of highly specialized gene carriers. As a carrier modification technique, mineralization has been successfully used to modify viral and non-viral carriers, providing new properties that ultimately aim to increase the transfection efficiency. However, for the specific case of polyplexes used in gene therapy, recent literature shows that interaction with calcium, a fundamental step of mineralization, might be effective to increase transfection efficiency, leaving an ambiguity about of the role of mineralization for this type of gene carriers. To answer this question and to reveal the properties responsible for increasing transfection efficiency, we mineralized poly(aspartic acid) coated polyplexes at various CaCl2 and Na3PO4 concentrations, and evaluated the resultant carriers for physicochemical and morphological characteristics, as well as transfection and delivery efficiency with MC3T3-E1 mouse osteoblastic cells. We found that both mineralization and calcium incubation positively affected the transfection efficiency and uptake of polyplexes in MC3T3-E1 cells. However, this effect originated from the properties achieved by polyplexes after the calcium incubation step that are maintained after mineralization, including particle size increase, improved pDNA binding, and adjustment of zeta potential. Considering that mineralization can be a longer process than calcium incubation, we find that calcium incubation might be sufficient and preferred if improved transfection efficiency in vitro is the only effect desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teo A Dick
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Hasan Uludağ
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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13
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Hu Y, Zhu Y, Sutherland ND, Wilson DR, Pang M, Liu E, Staub JR, Berlinicke CA, Zack DJ, Green JJ, Reddy SK, Mao HQ. Size-Controlled and Shelf-Stable DNA Particles for Production of Lentiviral Vectors. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:5697-5705. [PMID: 34228937 PMCID: PMC8283758 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c01421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte complex particles assembled from plasmid DNA (pDNA) and poly(ethylenimine) (PEI) have been widely used to produce lentiviral vectors (LVVs) for gene therapy. The current batch-mode preparation for pDNA/PEI particles presents limited reproducibility in large-scale LVV manufacturing processes, leading to challenges in tightly controlling particle stability, transfection outcomes, and LVV production yield. Here we identified the size of pDNA/PEI particles as a key determinant for a high transfection efficiency with an optimal size of 400-500 nm, due to a cellular-uptake-related mechanism. We developed a kinetics-based approach to assemble size-controlled and shelf-stable particles using preassembled nanoparticles as building blocks and demonstrated production scalability on a scale of at least 100 mL. The preservation of colloidal stability and transfection efficiency was benchmarked against particles generated using an industry standard protocol. This particle manufacturing method effectively streamlines the viral manufacturing process and improves the production quality and consistency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizong Hu
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins
University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Translational
Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins
University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Institute
for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Yining Zhu
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins
University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Translational
Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins
University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Institute
for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | | | - David R. Wilson
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins
University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Translational
Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins
University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Institute
for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Marion Pang
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins
University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Institute
for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Ester Liu
- Institute
for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Jacob R. Staub
- Institute
for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Cynthia A. Berlinicke
- Department
of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University
School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Donald J. Zack
- Department
of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University
School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Jordan J. Green
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins
University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Translational
Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins
University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Institute
for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- Department
of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University
School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns
Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Sashank K. Reddy
- Department
of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns
Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Hai-Quan Mao
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins
University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Translational
Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins
University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Institute
for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns
Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
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14
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Zhang Z, Qiu N, Wu S, Liu X, Zhou Z, Tang J, Liu Y, Zhou R, Shen Y. Dose-Independent Transfection of Hydrophobized Polyplexes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2102219. [PMID: 33991017 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Cationic polymers dynamically complex DNA into complexes (polyplexes). So, upon dilution, polyplexes easily dissociate and lose transfection ability, limiting their in vivo systemic gene delivery. Herein, it is found that polyplex's stability and endocytosis pathway determine its transfection dose-dependence. The polyplexes of hydrophilic polycations have dose-dependent integrity and lysosome-trafficking endocytosis; at low doses, most of these polyplexes dissociate, and the remaining few are internalized and trapped in lysosomes, abolishing their transfection ability. In contrast, the polyplexes of the polycations with optimal hydrophobicity remain integrated even at low concentrations and enter cells via macropinocytosis directly into the cytosol evading lysosomes, so each polyplex can accomplish its infection process, leading to dose-independent DNA transfection like viral vectors. Furthermore, the tuned hydrophobicity balancing the affinity of anionic poly(γ-glutamic acid) (γ-PGA) to the polyplex surface enables γ-PGA to stick on the polyplex surface as a shielding layer but peel off on the cell membrane to release the naked polyplexes for dose-independent transfection. These findings may provide guidelines for developing polyplexes that mimick a viral vector's dose-independent transfection for effective in vivo gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Nasha Qiu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Shuling Wu
- Department of Respiratory, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan, Hangzhou, 311200, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Zhuxian Zhou
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, 311215, China
| | - Jianbin Tang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yanpeng Liu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, 311215, China
| | - Ruhong Zhou
- Institute of Quantitative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Youqing Shen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, 311215, China
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15
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Karimov M, Schulz M, Kahl T, Noske S, Kubczak M, Gockel I, Thieme R, Büch T, Reinert A, Ionov M, Bryszewska M, Franke H, Krügel U, Ewe A, Aigner A. Tyrosine-modified linear PEIs for highly efficacious and biocompatible siRNA delivery in vitro and in vivo. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2021; 36:102403. [PMID: 33932594 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2021.102403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic gene silencing by RNA interference relies on the safe and efficient in vivo delivery of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). Polyethylenimines are among the most studied cationic polymers for gene delivery. For several reasons including superior tolerability, small linear PEIs would be preferable over branched PEIs, but they show poor siRNA complexation. Their chemical modification for siRNA formulation has not been extensively explored so far. We generated a set of small linear PEIs bearing tyrosine modifications (LPxY), leading to substantially enhanced siRNA delivery and knockdown efficacy in vitro in various cell lines, including hard-to-transfect cells. The tyrosine-modified linear 10 kDa PEI (LP10Y) is particularly powerful, associated with favorable physicochemical properties and very high biocompatibility. Systemically administered LP10Y/siRNA complexes reveal antitumor effects in mouse xenograft and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, and their direct application into the brain achieves therapeutic inhibition of orthotopic glioma xenografts. LP10Y is particularly interesting for therapeutic siRNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Karimov
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marion Schulz
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tim Kahl
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sandra Noske
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Malgorzata Kubczak
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Ines Gockel
- Department of Visceral, Transplant, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - René Thieme
- Department of Visceral, Transplant, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Büch
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anja Reinert
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maksim Ionov
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Maria Bryszewska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Heike Franke
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ute Krügel
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Ewe
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Achim Aigner
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig, Germany.
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16
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Fumoto S, Yamamoto T, Okami K, Maemura Y, Terada C, Yamayoshi A, Nishida K. Understanding In Vivo Fate of Nucleic Acid and Gene Medicines for the Rational Design of Drugs. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020159. [PMID: 33530309 PMCID: PMC7911509 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acid and genetic medicines are increasingly being developed, owing to their potential to treat a variety of intractable diseases. A comprehensive understanding of the in vivo fate of these agents is vital for the rational design, discovery, and fast and straightforward development of the drugs. In case of intravascular administration of nucleic acids and genetic medicines, interaction with blood components, especially plasma proteins, is unavoidable. However, on the flip side, such interaction can be utilized wisely to manipulate the pharmacokinetics of the agents. In other words, plasma protein binding can help in suppressing the elimination of nucleic acids from the blood stream and deliver naked oligonucleotides and gene carriers into target cells. To control the distribution of these agents in the body, the ligand conjugation method is widely applied. It is also important to understand intracellular localization. In this context, endocytosis pathway, endosomal escape, and nuclear transport should be considered and discussed. Encapsulated nucleic acids and genes must be dissociated from the carriers to exert their activity. In this review, we summarize the in vivo fate of nucleic acid and gene medicines and provide guidelines for the rational design of drugs.
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17
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Song S, Zhang Y, Ding T, Ji N, Zhao H. The Dual Role of Macropinocytosis in Cancers: Promoting Growth and Inducing Methuosis to Participate in Anticancer Therapies as Targets. Front Oncol 2021; 10:570108. [PMID: 33542897 PMCID: PMC7851083 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.570108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Macropinocytosis is an important mechanism of internalizing extracellular materials and dissolved molecules in eukaryotic cells. Macropinocytosis has a dual effect on cancer cells. On the one hand, cells expressing RAS genes (such as K-RAS, H-RAS) under the stress of nutrient deficiency can spontaneously produce constitutive macropinocytosis to promote the growth of cancer cells by internalization of extracellular nutrients (like proteins), receptors, and extracellular vesicles(EVs). On the other hand, abnormal expression of RAS genes and drug treatment (such as MOMIPP) can induce a novel cell death associated with hyperactivated macropinocytosis: methuosis. Based on the dual effect, there is immense potential for designing anticancer therapies that target macropinocytosis in cancer cells. In view of the fact that there has been little review of the dual effect of macropinocytosis in cancer cells, herein, we systematically review the general process of macropinocytosis, its specific manifestation in cancer cells, and its application in cancer treatment, including anticancer drug delivery and destruction of macropinocytosis. This review aims to serve as a reference for studying macropinocytosis in cancers and designing macropinocytosis-targeting anticancer drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojuan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ning Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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18
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Xiao F, Li J, Huang K, Li X, Xiong Y, Wu M, Wu L, Kuang W, Lv S, Wu L, Zhu X, Guo H. Macropinocytosis: mechanism and targeted therapy in cancers. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:14-30. [PMID: 33520357 PMCID: PMC7840718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Macropinocytosis is a form of endocytosis which provides an effective way for non-selective uptakes of extracellular proteins, liquids, and particles. The endocytic process is initiated by the activation of the growth factors signaling pathways. After activation of the biochemical signal, the cell starts internalizing extracellular solutes and nutrients into the irregular endocytic vesicles, known as macropinosomes that deliver them into the lysosomes for degradation. Macropinocytosis plays an important role in the nutritional supply of cancer cells. Due to the rapid expansion of cancer cells and the abnormal vascular microenvironment, cancer cells are usually deprived of oxygen and nutrients. Therefore, they must transform their metabolism to survive and grow in this harsh microenvironment. To satisfy their energy needs, cancer cells enhance the activity of macropinocytosis. Therefore, this metabolic adaptation that is used by cancer cells can be exploited to develop new targeted cancer therapies. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanism that actuates the process of macropinocytosis in a variety of cancers, and the novel anti-cancer therapeutics in targeting macropinocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jingying Li
- Department of Comprehensive Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yaping Xiong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Miaojing Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wei Kuang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shigang Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xingen Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
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19
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Arévalo-Soliz LM, Hardee CL, Fogg JM, Corman NR, Noorbakhsh C, Zechiedrich L. Improving therapeutic potential of non-viral minimized DNA vectors. CELL & GENE THERAPY INSIGHTS 2020; 6:1489-1505. [PMID: 33953961 PMCID: PMC8095377 DOI: 10.18609/cgti.2020.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The tragic deaths of three patients in a recent AAV-based X-linked myotubular myopathy clinical trial highlight once again the pressing need for safe and reliable gene delivery vectors. Non-viral minimized DNA vectors offer one possible way to meet this need. Recent pre-clinical results with minimized DNA vectors have yielded promising outcomes in cancer therapy, stem cell therapy, stem cell reprograming, and other uses. Broad clinical use of these vectors, however, remains to be realized. Further advances in vector design and production are ongoing. An intriguing and promising potential development results from manipulation of the specific shape of non-viral minimized DNA vectors. By improving cellular uptake and biodistribution specificity, this approach could impact gene therapy, DNA nanotechnology, and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirio M Arévalo-Soliz
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cinnamon L Hardee
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jonathan M Fogg
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nathan R Corman
- Rural Medical Education Program, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Cameron Noorbakhsh
- Weiss School of Natural Sciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Lynn Zechiedrich
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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20
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TRAIL-based gene delivery and therapeutic strategies. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2019; 40:1373-1385. [PMID: 31444476 PMCID: PMC6889127 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-019-0287-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand), also
known as APO2L, belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family. By binding to the death
receptor 4 (DR4) or DR5, TRAIL induces apoptosis of tumor cells without causing side
toxicity in normal tissues. In recent years TRAIL-based therapy has attracted great
attention for its promise of serving as a cancer drug candidate. However, the
treatment efficacy of TRAIL protein was under expectation in the clinical trials
because of the short half-life and the resistance of cancer cells. TRAIL gene
transfection can produce a “bystander effect” of tumor cell killing and provide a
potential solution to TRAIL-based cancer therapy. In this review we focus on TRAIL
gene therapy and various design strategies of TRAIL DNA delivery including non-viral
vectors and cell-based TRAIL therapy. In order to sensitize the tumor cells to
TRAIL-induced apoptosis, combination therapy of TRAIL DNA with other drugs by the
codelivery methods for yielding a synergistic antitumor efficacy is summarized. The
opportunities and challenges of TRAIL-based gene delivery and therapy are
discussed.
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21
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Cui Y, Li X, Zeljic K, Shan S, Qiu Z, Wang Z. Effect of PEGylated Magnetic PLGA-PEI Nanoparticles on Primary Hippocampal Neurons: Reduced Nanoneurotoxicity and Enhanced Transfection Efficiency with Magnetofection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:38190-38204. [PMID: 31550131 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b15014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Despite broad application of nanotechnology in neuroscience, the nanoneurotoxicity of magnetic nanoparticles in primary hippocampal neurons remains poorly characterized. In particular, understanding how magnetic nanoparticles perturb neuronal calcium homeostasis is critical when considering magnetic nanoparticles as a nonviral vector for effective gene therapy in neuronal diseases. Here, we address the pressing need to systematically investigate the neurotoxicity of magnetic nanoparticles with different surface charges in primary hippocampal neurons. We found that unlike negative and neutral nanoparticles, positively charged magnetic nanoparticles (magnetic poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-polyethylenimine (PEI) nanoparticles, MNP-PLGA-PEI NPs) rapidly elevated cytoplasmic calcium levels in primary hippocampal neurons, mainly via extracellular calcium influx regulated by voltage-gated calcium channels. We went on to show that this perturbation of intracellular calcium homeostasis elicited serious cytotoxicity in primary hippocampal neurons. However, our next experiment demonstrated that PEGylation on the surface of MNP-PLGA-PEI NPs shielded the surface charge, thereby preventing the perturbation of intracellular calcium homeostasis. That is, PEGylated MNP-PLGA-PEI NPs reduced nanoneurotoxicity. Importantly, biocompatible PEGylated MNP-PLGA-PEI NPs under an external magnetic field enhanced transfection efficiency (>7%) of plasmid DNA encoding GFP in primary hippocampal neurons compared to NPs without external magnetic field mediation. Moreover, under an external magnetic field, this system achieved gene transfection in the hippocampus of the C57 mouse. Overall, this study is the first to successfully employ biocompatible PEGylated MNP-PLGA-PEI NPs for transfection using a magnetofection strategy in primary hippocampal neurons, thereby providing a nanoplatform as a new perspective for treating neuronal diseases or modulating neuron activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanna Cui
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience , CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 320 Yueyang Road , Shanghai 200031 , China
| | - Xiao Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience , CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 320 Yueyang Road , Shanghai 200031 , China
- School of Basic Medical Science , Fudan University , 138 Yixueyuan Road , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Kristina Zeljic
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience , CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 320 Yueyang Road , Shanghai 200031 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19 Yuquan Road , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Shifang Shan
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience , CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 320 Yueyang Road , Shanghai 200031 , China
| | - Zilong Qiu
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience , CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 320 Yueyang Road , Shanghai 200031 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19 Yuquan Road , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience , CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 320 Yueyang Road , Shanghai 200031 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19 Yuquan Road , Beijing 100049 , China
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 32 Jiaochang East Road , Kunming , Yunnan 650223 , China
- Shanghai Research Center for Brain Science and Brain-inspired Intelligence Technology , 100 Haike Road , Shanghai 201210 , China
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Cao M, Gao Y, Zhan M, Qiu N, Piao Y, Zhou Z, Shen Y. Glycyrrhizin Acid and Glycyrrhetinic Acid Modified Polyethyleneimine for Targeted DNA Delivery to Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5074. [PMID: 31614879 PMCID: PMC6829341 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last 2-3 decades, gene therapy represented a promising option for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. However, the design of safe and efficient gene delivery systems is still one of the major challenges that require solutions. In this study, we demonstrate a versatile method for covalent conjugation of glycyrrhizin acid (GL) or glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) to increase the transfection efficiency of Polyethyleneimine (PEI, Mw 1.8K) and improve their targeting abilities of hepatoma carcinoma cells. GA and GL targeting ligands were grafted to PEI via N-acylation, and we systematically investigated their biophysical properties, cytotoxicity, liver targeting and transfection efficiency, and endocytosis pathway trafficking. PEI-GA0.75, PEI-GL10.62 and PEI-GL20.65 conjugates caused significant increases in gene transfection efficiency and superior selectivity for HepG2 cells, with all three conjugates showing specific recognition of HepG2 cells by the free GA competition assay. The endocytosis inhibition and intracellular trafficking results indicated that PEI-GA0.75 and GL10.62 conjugates behaved similarly to SV40 virus, by proceeding via the caveolae- and clathrin-independent mediated endocytosis pathway and bypassing entry into lysosomes, with an energy independent manner, achieving their high transfection efficiencies. In the HepG2 intraperitoneal tumor model, PEI-GA0.75 and PEI-GL10.62 carrying the luciferase reporter gene gained high gene expression, suggesting potential use for in vivo application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhuo Cao
- Center for Bio-nanoengineering and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- Scientific Research and Experimental Center, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450058, China.
| | - Yong Gao
- Henan province food and drug Administration, Food and Drug Evaluation and Inspection Center, Zhengzhou 450018, China.
| | - Mengling Zhan
- Scientific Research and Experimental Center, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450058, China.
| | - Nasha Qiu
- Center for Bio-nanoengineering and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Ying Piao
- Center for Bio-nanoengineering and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Zhuxian Zhou
- Center for Bio-nanoengineering and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Youqing Shen
- Center for Bio-nanoengineering and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
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