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Chu S, Shen F, Liu W, Zhang J, Wang X, Jiang M, Bai G. Sinapine targeting PLCβ3 EF hands disrupts Gαq-PLCβ3 interaction and ameliorates cardiovascular diseases. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 126:155200. [PMID: 38387273 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) over-activation is highly involved in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), with the Gαq-PLCβ3 axis acting as a core node of RAAS. PLCβ3 is a potential target of CVDs, and the lack of inhibitors has limited its drug development. PURPOSE Sinapine (SP) is a potential leading compound for treating CVDs. Thus, we aimed to elucidate the regulation of SP towards the Gαq-PLCβ3 axis and its molecular mechanism. STUDY DESIGN Aldosteronism and hypertension animal models were employed to investigate SP's inhibitory effect on the abnormal activation of the RAAS through the Gαq-PLCβ3 axis. We used chemical biology methods to identify potential targets and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS The effects of SP on aldosteronism and hypertension were evaluated using an established animal model in our laboratory. Target identification and underlying molecular mechanism research were performed using activity-based protein profiling with a bio-orthogonal click chemistry reaction and other biochemical methods. RESULTS SP alleviated aldosteronism and hypertension in animal models by targeting PLCβ3. The underlying mechanism for blocking the Gαq-PLCβ3 interaction involves targeting the EF hands through the Asn-260 amino acid residue. SP regulated the Gαq-PLCβ3 axis more precisely than the Gαq-GEFT or Gαq-PKCζ axis in the cardiovascular system. CONCLUSION SP alleviated RAAS over-activation via Gαq-PLCβ3 interaction blockade by targeting the PLCβ3 EF hands domain, which provided a novel PLC inhibitor for treating CVDs. Unlike selective Gαq inhibitors, SP reduced the risk of side effects compared to Gαq inhibitors in treating CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeng Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin, 300353, China
| | - Fukui Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin, 300353, China
| | - Wenjuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin, 300353, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin, 300353, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Min Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin, 300353, China.
| | - Gang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin, 300353, China.
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Yu Y, Hu J, Chen X, Wu HL, Wang A, Tang C. Development of an UPLC-MS/MS method for quantitative analysis of abexinostat levels in rat plasma and application of pharmacokinetics. BMC Chem 2024; 18:37. [PMID: 38378603 PMCID: PMC10877774 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-024-01144-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Broad-spectrum histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) have excellent anti-tumor effects, such as abexinostat, which was a novel oral HDACi that was widely used in clinical treatment. The purpose of this study was to establish a rapid and reliable method for the detection of abexinostat concentrations in rat plasma using ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The mobile phase we used was acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid, and the internal standard (IS) was givinostat. Selective reaction monitoring (SRM) was used for detection with ion transitions at m/z 397.93 → 200.19 for abexinostat and m/z 422.01 → 186.11 for givinostat, respectively. The intra-day and inter-day precision of abexinostat were less than 11.5% and the intra-day and inter-day accuracy ranged from - 10.7% to 9.7% using this method. During the analysis process, the stability of the test sample was reliable. In addition, the recovery and matrix effects of this method were within acceptable limits. Finally, the method presented in this paper enabled accurate and quick determination of abexinostat levels in rat plasma from the pharmacokinetic study following gavage at a dose of 8.0 mg/kg abexinostat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yige Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Jinyu Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Xiaohai Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Hua-Lu Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Anzhou Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Congrong Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
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Farani MR, Sarlak M, Gholami A, Azaraian M, Binabaj MM, Kakavandi S, Tambuwala MM, Taheriazam A, Hashemi M, Ghasemi S. Epigenetic drugs as new emerging therapeutics: What is the scale's orientation of application and challenges? Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154688. [PMID: 37494800 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene expression or function without altering the DNA sequence. Important factors are part of epigenetic events, such as methylation, DNA histone rearrangements, nucleosome transposition, and non-coding RNAs. Dysregulated epigenetic mechanics are associated with various cancers' initiation, development, and metastasis. It is known that the occurrence and development of cancer can be controlled by regulating unexpected epigenetic events. Epi-drugs are used singly or in combination with chemotherapy and enhance antitumor activity, reduce drug resistance, and stimulate the host immune response. Despite these benefits, epigenetic therapy as a single therapy or in combination with other drugs leads to adverse effects. This review article introduces and compares the advantages, disadvantages, and side effects of using these drugs for the first time since their introduction. Also, this article describes the mechanism of action of various epigenetic drugs. Recommendations for future use of epigenetic drugs as cancer therapeutics are suggested as an overall conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Ramezani Farani
- Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), the Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 1417614411 Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Sarlak
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Amir Gholami
- Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Maryam Azaraian
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maryam Moradi Binabaj
- Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Science, Sabzevar, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Sareh Kakavandi
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- Lincoln Medical School, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, 0United Kingdom
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sorayya Ghasemi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
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Lian B, Chen X, Shen K. Inhibition of histone deacetylases attenuates tumor progression and improves immunotherapy in breast cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1164514. [PMID: 36969235 PMCID: PMC10034161 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1164514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the common malignancies with poor prognosis worldwide. The treatment of breast cancer patients includes surgery, radiation, hormone therapy, chemotherapy, targeted drug therapy and immunotherapy. In recent years, immunotherapy has potentiated the survival of certain breast cancer patients; however, primary resistance or acquired resistance attenuate the therapeutic outcomes. Histone acetyltransferases induce histone acetylation on lysine residues, which can be reversed by histone deacetylases (HDACs). Dysregulation of HDACs via mutation and abnormal expression contributes to tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Numerous HDAC inhibitors have been developed and exhibited the potent anti-tumor activity in a variety of cancers, including breast cancer. HDAC inhibitors ameliorated immunotherapeutic efficacy in cancer patients. In this review, we discuss the anti-tumor activity of HDAC inhibitors in breast cancer, including dacinostat, belinostat, abexinostat, mocetinotat, panobinostat, romidepsin, entinostat, vorinostat, pracinostat, tubastatin A, trichostatin A, and tucidinostat. Moreover, we uncover the mechanisms of HDAC inhibitors in improving immunotherapy in breast cancer. Furthermore, we highlight that HDAC inhibitors might be potent agents to potentiate immunotherapy in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kunwei Shen
- *Correspondence: Xiaosong Chen, ; Kunwei Shen,
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Epigenetic Regulation in Breast Cancer: Insights on Epidrugs. EPIGENOMES 2023; 7:epigenomes7010006. [PMID: 36810560 PMCID: PMC9953240 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes7010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer remains a common cause of cancer-related death in women. Therefore, further studies are necessary for the comprehension of breast cancer and the revolution of breast cancer treatment. Cancer is a heterogeneous disease that results from epigenetic alterations in normal cells. Aberrant epigenetic regulation is strongly associated with the development of breast cancer. Current therapeutic approaches target epigenetic alterations rather than genetic mutations due to their reversibility. The formation and maintenance of epigenetic changes depend on specific enzymes, including DNA methyltransferases and histone deacetylases, which are promising targets for epigenetic-based therapy. Epidrugs target different epigenetic alterations, including DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and histone methylation, which can restore normal cellular memory in cancerous diseases. Epigenetic-targeted therapy using epidrugs has anti-tumor effects on malignancies, including breast cancer. This review focuses on the importance of epigenetic regulation and the clinical implications of epidrugs in breast cancer.
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Feng J, Meng X. Histone modification and histone modification-targeted anti-cancer drugs in breast cancer: Fundamentals and beyond. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:946811. [PMID: 36188615 PMCID: PMC9522521 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.946811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated epigenetic enzymes and resultant abnormal epigenetic modifications (EMs) have been suggested to be closely related to tumor occurrence and progression. Histone modifications (HMs) can assist in maintaining genome stability, DNA repair, transcription, and chromatin modulation within breast cancer (BC) cells. In addition, HMs are reversible, dynamic processes involving the associations of different enzymes with molecular compounds. Abnormal HMs (e.g. histone methylation and histone acetylation) have been identified to be tightly related to BC occurrence and development, even though their underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. EMs are reversible, and as a result, epigenetic enzymes have aroused wide attention as anti-tumor therapeutic targets. At present, treatments to restore aberrant EMs within BC cells have entered preclinical or clinical trials. In addition, no existing studies have comprehensively analyzed aberrant HMs within BC cells; in addition, HM-targeting BC treatments remain to be further investigated. Histone and non-histone protein methylation is becoming an attractive anti-tumor epigenetic therapeutic target; such methylation-related enzyme inhibitors are under development at present. Consequently, the present work focuses on summarizing relevant studies on HMs related to BC and the possible mechanisms associated with abnormal HMs. Additionally, we also aim to analyze existing therapeutic agents together with those drugs approved and tested through pre-clinical and clinical trials, to assess their roles in HMs. Moreover, epi-drugs that target HMT inhibitors and HDAC inhibitors should be tested in preclinical and clinical studies for the treatment of BC. Epi-drugs that target histone methylation (HMT inhibitors) and histone acetylation (HDAC inhibitors) have now entered clinical trials or are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Therefore, the review covers the difficulties in applying HM-targeting treatments in clinics and proposes feasible approaches for overcoming such difficulties and promoting their use in treating BC cases.
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Xu XH, Sun JM, Chen XF, Zeng XY, Zhou HZ. MicroRNA-494-3p facilitates the progression of bladder cancer by mediating the KLF9/RGS2 axis. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2022; 38:1070-1079. [PMID: 36098468 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is a familiar malignancy with high morbidity and mortality. The effect of treatment is unsatisfactory after the metastasis and invasion of BC. Hence, more studies should be carried out to explore the metastasis of BC. RT-qPCR or/and western blot was conducted to evaluate miR-494-3p, KLF9, and RGS2 expression. Cell proliferation and invasion were estimated by MTT assay and transwell assay, respectively. Cell migration was tested by wound healing assay and transwell assay. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was employed to validate the interplay between miR-494-3p and KLF9 mRNA. The interaction between KLF9 and RGS2 promoter was verified using dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay. miR-494-3p expression was upregulated, whereas KLF9 and RGS2 were downregulated in BC cells. miR-494-3p inhibition was competent to limit the growth of BC cells. KLF9 knockdown abolished the miR-494-3p depletion-mediated inhibitory growth of BC cells. Mechanistically, we found that KLF9 was a downstream gene of miR-494-3p and could bind to the promoter region of RGS2 to promote the expression of RGS2. Moreover, RGS2 knockdown abrogated the suppressive effects of miR-494-3p knockdown on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of BC cells. Notably, miR-494-3p inhibition obstructed the tumor growth in nude mice. miR-494-3p silencing inhibited the progression of BC by regulating the KLF9/RGS2 axis in vitro and in vivo, which laid the foundation for experiments of miR-494-3p in BC and provided therapeutic targets for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Hong Xu
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou (The Affiliated Chenzhou Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China), Chenzhou, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jian-Ming Sun
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou (The Affiliated Chenzhou Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China), Chenzhou, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Chen
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou (The Affiliated Chenzhou Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China), Chenzhou, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Zeng
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou (The Affiliated Chenzhou Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China), Chenzhou, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hai-Zhi Zhou
- Department of 3rd Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, Hunan Province, China
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Yu PC, Liu D, Han ZX, Liang F, Hao CY, Lei YT, Guo CR, Wang WH, Li XH, Yang XN, Li CZ, Yu Y, Fan YZ. Thymopentin-Mediated Inhibition of Cancer Stem Cell Stemness Enhances the Cytotoxic Effect of Oxaliplatin on Colon Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:779715. [PMID: 35242031 PMCID: PMC8886222 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.779715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymopentin (TP5) is an immunomodulatory pentapeptide that has been widely used in malignancy patients with immunodeficiency due to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Here, we propose that TP5 directly inhibits the stemness of colon cancer cells HCT116 and therefore enhances the cytotoxicity of oxaliplatin (OXA) in HCT116 cells. In the absence of serum, TP5 was able to induce cancer stemness reduction in cultured HCT116 cells and significantly reduced stemness-related signals, such as the expression of surface molecular markers (CD133, CD44 and CD24) and stemness-related genes (ALDH1, SOX2, Oct-4 and Nanog), and resulted in altered Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Acetylcholine receptors (AchRs) are implicated in this process. OXA is a common chemotherapeutic agent with therapeutic effects in various cancers. Although TP5 had no direct effect on the proliferation of HCT116, this pentapeptide significantly increased the sensitivity of HCT116 to OXA, where the effect of TP5 on the stemness of colon cancer cells through stimulation of AchRs may contribute to this process. Our results provide a promising strategy for increasing the sensitivity of colon cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents by incorporating immunomodulatory peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Cheng Yu
- Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Di Liu
- Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zeng-Xiang Han
- Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Three Departments of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Fang Liang
- Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cui-Yun Hao
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun-Tao Lei
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chang-Run Guo
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen-Hui Wang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xing-Hua Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Na Yang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chang-Zhu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, China
| | - Ye Yu
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying-Zhe Fan
- Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Lysine Acetylation, Cancer Hallmarks and Emerging Onco-Therapeutic Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14020346. [PMID: 35053509 PMCID: PMC8773583 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Several histone deacetylase inhibitors have been approved by FDA for cancer treatment. Intensive efforts have been devoted to enhancing its anti-cancer efficacy by combining it with various other agents. Yet, no guideline is available to assist in the choice of candidate drugs for combination towards optimal solutions for different clinical problems. Thus, it is imperative to characterize the primary cancer hallmarks that lysine acetylation is associated with and gain knowledge on the key cancer features that each combinatorial onco-therapeutic modality targets to aid in the combinatorial onco-therapeutic design. Cold atmospheric plasma represents an emerging anti-cancer modality via manipulating cellular redox level and has been demonstrated to selectively target several cancer hallmarks. This review aims to delineate the intrinsic connections between lysine acetylation and cancer properties, and forecast opportunities histone deacetylase inhibitors may have when combined with cold atmospheric plasma as novel precision onco-therapies. Abstract Acetylation, a reversible epigenetic process, is implicated in many critical cellular regulatory systems including transcriptional regulation, protein structure, activity, stability, and localization. Lysine acetylation is the most prevalent and intensively investigated among the diverse acetylation forms. Owing to the intrinsic connections of acetylation with cell metabolism, acetylation has been associated with metabolic disorders including cancers. Yet, relatively little has been reported on the features of acetylation against the cancer hallmarks, even though this knowledge may help identify appropriate therapeutic strategies or combinatorial modalities for the effective treatment and resolution of malignancies. By examining the available data related to the efficacy of lysine acetylation against tumor cells and elaborating the primary cancer hallmarks and the associated mechanisms to target the specific hallmarks, this review identifies the intrinsic connections between lysine acetylation and cancer hallmarks and proposes novel modalities that can be combined with HDAC inhibitors for cancer treatment with higher efficacy and minimum adverse effects.
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Yang J, Song C, Zhan X. The role of protein acetylation in carcinogenesis and targeted drug discovery. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:972312. [PMID: 36171897 PMCID: PMC9510633 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.972312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein acetylation is a reversible post-translational modification, and is involved in many biological processes in cells, such as transcriptional regulation, DNA damage repair, and energy metabolism, which is an important molecular event and is associated with a wide range of diseases such as cancers. Protein acetylation is dynamically regulated by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) in homeostasis. The abnormal acetylation level might lead to the occurrence and deterioration of a cancer, and is closely related to various pathophysiological characteristics of a cancer, such as malignant phenotypes, and promotes cancer cells to adapt to tumor microenvironment. Therapeutic modalities targeting protein acetylation are a potential therapeutic strategy. This article discussed the roles of protein acetylation in tumor pathology and therapeutic drugs targeting protein acetylation, which offers the contributions of protein acetylation in clarification of carcinogenesis, and discovery of therapeutic drugs for cancers, and lays the foundation for precision medicine in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Yang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Cong Song
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xianquan Zhan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Xianquan Zhan,
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Yin X, Liu J, Wang X, Yang T, Li G, Shang Y, Teng X, Yu H, Wang S, Huang W. Identification of Key Transcription Factors and Immune Infiltration Patterns Associated With Breast Cancer Prognosis Using WGCNA and Cox Regression Analysis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:742792. [PMID: 34993131 PMCID: PMC8724129 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.742792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Therefore, the need for effective breast cancer treatment is urgent. Transcription factors (TFs) directly participate in gene transcription, and their dysregulation plays a key role in breast cancer. Our study identified 459 differentially expressed TFs between tumor and normal samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Based on gene expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis, the co-expression yellow module was found to be integral for breast cancer progression. A total of 121 genes in the yellow module were used for function enrichment. To further confirm prognosis-related TFs, COX regression and LASSO analyses were performed; consequently, a prognostic risk model was constructed, and its validity was verified. Ten prognosis-related TFs were identified according to their expression profile, survival probability, and target genes. COPS5, HDAC2, and NONO were recognized as hub TFs in breast cancer. These TFs were highly expressed in human breast cancer cell lines and clinical breast cancer samples; this result was consistent with the information from multiple databases. Immune infiltration analysis revealed that the proportions of resting dendritic and mast cells were greater in the low-risk group than those in the high-risk group. Thus, in this study, we identified three hub biomarkers related to breast cancer prognosis. The results provide a framework for the co-expression of TF modules and immune infiltration in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxiang Liu
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tianshu Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Gen Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaxin Shang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Teng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hefen Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Cardio Surgery Center, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Shuang Wang, ; Wei Huang,
| | - Wei Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Shuang Wang, ; Wei Huang,
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Zolghadri S, Ghanbariasad A, Fallahian F, Rahban M, Kalavani M, Bahman Jahromi E, Asadzadeh A, Hajiani M. Anticancer activity of N-heteroaryl acetic acid salts against breast cancer; in silico and in vitro investigation. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:363-372. [PMID: 34714485 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06881-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present research was performed to assess N-heteroaryl acetic acid salts' anticancer activity against the breast cancer cell in order to introduce new inhibitory agents for histone deacetylase. METHODS AND RESULTS A molecular docking simulation was performed to design the rational novel compounds. Afterward, the best compounds were selected for synthesis. The cytotoxic effects and mechanism of action have been studied via (Methyl Thiazol-Tetrazolium) MTT assay. Flow cytometry and gene expression analyses were performed to introduce an effective acetic acid derivative as an anticancer agent. Molecular docking simulations demonstrated that all compounds have the best interaction with histone deacetylase. The fold changes of Bcl-2, Bak, Bim, Caspase-3, and Caspase-8 gene expressions were investigated and compared with reference gene using real-time PCR. The cytotoxic studies showed the best anticancer activity of 4-benzyl-1-(carboxymethyl) pyridinium bromide (compound 2) with a low IC50 value (32 µM, p < 0.05). Also, the best anti HDAC activity was obtained for compound 2 with IC50 value of 1.1 µM. Furthermore, this compound showed a high percentage of apoptosis among all tested compounds after 72 h incubation which was associated with the significant increase in mRNA level of Bim, Bax, Bak, Caspase-3, and Caspase-8 and the considerable decrease in Bcl2 gene expression. CONCLUSION These results suggest that compound 2 with the benzyl ring could be an effective anticancer compound for further investigation in breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Zolghadri
- Department of Biology, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Ali Ghanbariasad
- Noncommunicable Diseases, Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Science, Fasa, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Fallahian
- Department of Biology, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Mahdie Rahban
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Kalavani
- Department of Biology, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
| | | | - Azizeh Asadzadeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Nour-Danesh Institute of Higher Education, Mymeh, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maliheh Hajiani
- School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.
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Yang T, Yang Y, Wang Y. Predictive biomarkers and potential drug combinations of epi-drugs in cancer therapy. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:113. [PMID: 34001246 PMCID: PMC8130364 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01098-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics studies heritable genomic modifications that occur with the participation of epigenetic modifying enzymes but without alterations of the nucleotide structure. Small-molecule inhibitors of these epigenetic modifying enzymes are known as epigenetic drugs (epi-drugs), which can cause programmed death of tumor cells by affecting the cell cycle, angiogenesis, proliferation, and migration. Epi-drugs include histone methylation inhibitors, histone demethylation inhibitors, histone deacetylation inhibitors, and DNA methylation inhibitors. Currently, epi-drugs undergo extensive development, research, and application. Although epi-drugs have convincing anti-tumor effects, the patient's sensitivity to epi-drug application is also a fundamental clinical issue. The development and research of biomarkers for epi-drugs provide a promising direction for screening drug-sensitive patients. Here, we review the predictive biomarkers of 12 epi-drugs as well as the progress of combination therapy with chemotherapeutic drugs or immunotherapy. Further, we discuss the improvement in the development of natural ingredients with low toxicity and low side effects as epi-drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yunkai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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