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Niu X, Thaochan N, Hu Q. Diversity of Linear Non-Ribosomal Peptide in Biocontrol Fungi. J Fungi (Basel) 2020; 6:E61. [PMID: 32408496 PMCID: PMC7345191 DOI: 10.3390/jof6020061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocontrol fungi (BFs) play a key role in regulation of pest populations. BFs produce multiple non-ribosomal peptides (NRPs) and other secondary metabolites that interact with pests, plants and microorganisms. NRPs-including linear and cyclic peptides (L-NRPs and C-NRPs)-are small peptides frequently containing special amino acids and other organic acids. They are biosynthesized in fungi through non-ribosomal peptide synthases (NRPSs). Compared with C-NRPs, L-NRPs have simpler structures, with only a linear chain and biosynthesis without cyclization. BFs mainly include entomopathogenic and mycoparasitic fungi, that are used to control insect pests and phytopathogens in fields, respectively. NRPs play an important role of in the interactions of BFs with insects or phytopathogens. On the other hand, the residues of NRPs may contaminate food through BFs activities in the environment. In recent decades, C-NRPs in BFs have been thoroughly reviewed. However, L-NRPs are rarely investigated. In order to better understand the species and potential problems of L-NRPs in BFs, this review lists the L-NRPs from entomopathogenic and mycoparasitic fungi, summarizes their sources, structures, activities and biosynthesis, and details risks and utilization prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Niu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Narit Thaochan
- Pest Management Biotechnology and Plant Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand;
| | - Qiongbo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
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Singh VP, Pathania AS, Kushwaha M, Singh S, Sharma V, Malik FA, Khan IA, Kumar A, Singh D, Vishwakarma RA. 14-Residue peptaibol velutibol A from Trichoderma velutinum: its structural and cytotoxic evaluation. RSC Adv 2020; 10:31233-31242. [PMID: 35520634 PMCID: PMC9056410 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05780k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Velutibol A (1), a new 14-residue peptaibol was isolated from the Himalayan cold habitat fungus Trichoderma velutinum. The structural characterization was carried out by 1D and 2D NMR studies, and tandem mass studies, and Marfey's method aided in determining the stereochemistry of the amino acids. The CD analysis revealed folding of the peptide in a 310-helical conformation. The intramolecular H-bonding was determined by an NMR-VT experiment. Cytotoxic evaluation was carried out against a panel of cancer cell lines. The cell cycle assay was carried out on human myeloid leukaemia (HL-60) cells and revealed the formation of apoptotic bodies and DNA damage in a dose-dependent manner. Three other peptaibols namely velutibol B (2), velutibol C (3), and velutibol D (4) were also isolated in trace amounts from the psychotropic fungus and characterized through tandem mass spectroscopy and Marfey's analysis. Velutibol A (1), a new 14-residue peptaibol isolated from the Himalayan cold habitat fungus Trichoderma velutinum.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Pratap Singh
- Medicinal Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine
- Jammu 180 001
- India
- Department of Biotechnology
| | - Anup Singh Pathania
- Pharmacology Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine
- Jammu 180 001
- India
| | - Manoj Kushwaha
- Quality Control & Quality Assurance Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine
- Jammu 180 001
- India
| | - Samsher Singh
- Clinical Microbiology Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine
- Jammu 180 001
- India
| | - Vandana Sharma
- Quality Control & Quality Assurance Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine
- Jammu 180 001
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
| | - Fayaz A. Malik
- Pharmacology Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine
- Jammu 180 001
- India
| | - Inshad A. Khan
- Clinical Microbiology Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine
- Jammu 180 001
- India
- Department of Microbiology
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology
- Faculty of Sciences
- Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University
- India
| | - Deepika Singh
- Medicinal Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine
- Jammu 180 001
- India
- Quality Control & Quality Assurance Division
| | - Ram A. Vishwakarma
- Medicinal Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine
- Jammu 180 001
- India
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Marik T, Urbán P, Tyagi C, Szekeres A, Leitgeb B, Vágvölgyi M, Manczinger L, Druzhinina IS, Vágvölgyi C, Kredics L. Diversity Profile and Dynamics of Peptaibols Produced by Green Mould Trichoderma Species in Interactions with Their Hosts Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus ostreatus. Chem Biodivers 2017; 14. [PMID: 28261948 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201700033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Certain Trichoderma species are causing serious losses in mushroom production worldwide. Trichoderma aggressivum and Trichoderma pleuroti are among the major causal agents of the green mould diseases affecting Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus ostreatus, respectively. The genus Trichoderma is well-known for the production of bioactive secondary metabolites, including peptaibols, which are short, linear peptides containing unusual amino acid residues and being synthesised via non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs). The aim of this study was to get more insight into the peptaibol production of T. aggressivum and T. pleuroti. HPLC/MS-based methods revealed the production of peptaibols closely related to hypomurocins B by T. aggressivum, while tripleurins representing a new group of 18-residue peptaibols were identified in T. pleuroti. Putative NRPS genes enabling the biosynthesis of the detected peptaibols could be found in the genomes of both Trichoderma species. In vitro experiments revealed that peptaibols are potential growth inhibitors of mushroom mycelia, and that the host mushrooms may have an influence on the peptaibol profiles of green mould agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Marik
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Urbán
- Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, and Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 6, H-7624, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Chetna Tyagi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - András Szekeres
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Balázs Leitgeb
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Máté Vágvölgyi
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Manczinger
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Irina S Druzhinina
- Research Area Biochemical Technology, Institute of Chemical and Biological Engineering, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/166, A-1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Csaba Vágvölgyi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Kredics
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726, Szeged, Hungary
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Daguerre Y, Siegel K, Edel-Hermann V, Steinberg C. Fungal proteins and genes associated with biocontrol mechanisms of soil-borne pathogens: a review. FUNGAL BIOL REV 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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5
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Ayers S, Ehrmann BM, Adcock AF, Kroll DJ, Carcache de Blanco EJ, Shen Q, Swanson SM, Falkinham JO, Wani MC, Mitchell SM, Pearce CJ, Oberlies NH. Peptaibols from two unidentified fungi of the order Hypocreales with cytotoxic, antibiotic, and anthelmintic activities. J Pept Sci 2012; 18:500-10. [PMID: 22744757 PMCID: PMC3494480 DOI: 10.1002/psc.2425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Revised: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
As part of an ongoing investigation of filamentous fungi for anticancer leads, an active culture was identified from the Mycosynthetix library (MSX 70741, of the order Hypocreales, Ascomycota). The fungal extract exhibited cytotoxic activity against the H460 (human nonsmall cell lung carcinoma) cell line, and bioactivity-directed fractionation yielded peptaibols 1-12 and harzianums A (13) and B (14). Structure elucidation of 1-12 was facilitated by high-resolution MS/MS using higher-energy collisional dissociation and by high field NMR (950 MHz). The absolute configuration was determined by Marfey's analysis of the individual amino acids; the time required for such analysis was decreased via the development of a 10-min ultra performance liquid chromatography method. The isolated peptaibols (1-12), along with three other peptaibols isolated and elucidated from a different fungus (MSX 57715) of the same order (15-17), were examined for activity in a suite of biological assays, including those for cytotoxic, antibacterial, and anthelmintic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sloan Ayers
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Brandie M. Ehrmann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Audrey F. Adcock
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BRITE, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David J. Kroll
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BRITE, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Esperanza J. Carcache de Blanco
- Division of Pharmacy Practice and Administration, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Qi Shen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Steven M. Swanson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joseph O. Falkinham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Mansukh C. Wani
- Natural Products Laboratory, Research Triangle Institute, P.O. Box 12194, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Sheila M. Mitchell
- Mycosynthetix, Inc., 505 Meadowland Dr., Suite 103, Hillsborough, NC 27278
| | - Cedric J. Pearce
- Mycosynthetix, Inc., 505 Meadowland Dr., Suite 103, Hillsborough, NC 27278
| | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
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Degenkolb T, Brückner H. Peptaibiomics: Towards a Myriad of Bioactive Peptides Containing Cα-Dialkylamino Acids? Chem Biodivers 2008; 5:1817-43. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200890171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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7
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Neuhof T, Dieckmann R, Druzhinina IS, Kubicek CP, von Döhren H. Intact-cell MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry analysis of peptaibol formation by the genus Trichoderma/Hypocrea: can molecular phylogeny of species predict peptaibol structures? Microbiology (Reading) 2007; 153:3417-3437. [PMID: 17906141 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.2007/006692-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptaibols are characteristic linear alpha-aminoisobutyrate-containing peptides produced by certain Ascomycetes, especially of the genus Hypocrea/Trichoderma [Hypocrea and Trichoderma are the names for the teleo- and anamorph forms of the same taxon; where known to occur in nature, the teleomorph is used to name the species. To aid the inexperienced reader, both names (the less well known one in parentheses) are given at the first mention of each species.] Here we have investigated whether phylogenetic relationships within Trichoderma permit a prediction of the peptaibol production profiles. To this end, representative strains from a third (28) of the known species of Trichoderma, identified by the sequences of diagnostic genes and covering most clades of the established multilocus phylogeny of Trichoderma/Hypocrea, were investigated by intact-cell MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Peptaibols were detected in all strains, and some strains were found to produce up to five peptide families of different sizes. Comparison of the data with phylogenies derived from rRNA spacer regions (ITS1 and 2) and RNA polymerase subunit B (rpb2) gene sequences did not show a strict correlation with the types and sequences of the peptaibols produced, but the production of some groups of peptaibols appears to be found only in some clades or sections of the genus, which could be used for more targeted screening of novel compounds of this type. In an analysis of peptaibol structures, we have defined conserved key positions and have further identified and compared sequences of the corresponding adenylate domains within non-ribosomal peptide synthetases producing trichovirins, paracelsins and atroviridins. These phylogenies are not concordant with those of their producers Hypocrea virens, Hypocrea jecorina and Hypocrea atroviridis as obtained from ITS1 and 2, and rpb2, respectively, and therefore hint at a complex history of peptaibol diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Neuhof
- TU Berlin, Institut für Chemie, FG Biochemie und Molekulare Biologie, Franklinstr. 29, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Dieckmann
- TU Berlin, Institut für Chemie, FG Biochemie und Molekulare Biologie, Franklinstr. 29, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Irina S Druzhinina
- Forschungsbereich Gentechnik und Angewandte Biochemie, Institut für Verfahrenstechnik, Umwelttechnik und Technische Biowissenschaften, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9-166, 1060 Wien, Austria
| | - Christian P Kubicek
- Forschungsbereich Gentechnik und Angewandte Biochemie, Institut für Verfahrenstechnik, Umwelttechnik und Technische Biowissenschaften, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9-166, 1060 Wien, Austria
| | - Hans von Döhren
- TU Berlin, Institut für Chemie, FG Biochemie und Molekulare Biologie, Franklinstr. 29, 10587 Berlin, Germany
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Leitgeb B, Szekeres A, Manczinger L, Vágvölgyi C, Kredics L. The history of alamethicin: a review of the most extensively studied peptaibol. Chem Biodivers 2007; 4:1027-51. [PMID: 17589875 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200790095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Leitgeb
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, Hungary
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9
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Abstract
The fungal genus Trichoderma has various applications in industry and in medicine, and several species have economic importance as sources of enzymes, antibiotics, plant growth promoters, decomposers of xenobiotics, and as commercial biofungicides. Peptaibiotics and peptaibols are a class of linear peptides synthesized by such fungi, and more than 300 have been described to date. Of this class, those compounds exhibiting antimicrobial activity are referred to as antibiotic peptides. In this review, the biosynthesis, fermentation, structure elucidation (by MS and NMR techniques in particular) and biological activity of antibiotic peptides from Trichoderma species are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana F de S Daniel
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CP 676, cep 13.565-905, São Carlos-SP, Brazil.
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Stoppacher N, Reithner B, Omann M, Zeilinger S, Krska R, Schuhmacher R. Profiling of trichorzianines in culture samples of Trichoderma atroviride by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2007; 21:3963-3970. [PMID: 18008385 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.3301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Peptaibols are bioactive linear peptides of 5-20 amino acid residues and contain specific non-proteinogenic amino acids such as alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib). They are antibiotic secondary metabolites of moulds belonging predominantly to the genus Trichoderma, some species of which are successfully used as biocontrol organisms to fight against plant diseases. In the present study we developed a profiling method for the relative quantification of 16 trichorzianine peptaibols in culture samples of T. atroviride and the comparison of their expression patterns by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS). The method is based on selected reaction monitoring (SRM) in a triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer using three SRM transitions per compound. The trichorzianines were enriched by solid-phase extraction (SPE) on C(18) cartridges. SPE recoveries were evaluated for diluted trichorzianine standard solutions and ranged from 72-97%. Suppression of the ionisation of the peptaibols in the ESI source ranged from 67-128% for most of the trichorzianines in culture filtrates of two different strains of T. atroviride and in spiked culture medium. In the case of trichorzianines TA Vb, TA VIa and TA VIb the presence of matrix components in the fungal culture samples caused a reduction of the SRM signal, with intensities between 34% and 56% relative to pure standard solutions. Finally, the profiling method was successfully applied to culture samples of T. atroviride P1 wild-type and two deletion mutants showing different trichorzianine expression patterns characteristic for the investigated fungal strains. This is the first LC-SRM profiling method for peptaibols for the investigation of peptaibol expression patterns in fungal culture samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Stoppacher
- Center for Analytical Chemistry, Department for Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences-Vienna, Konrad Lorenz Str. 20, Tulln, Austria
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Szekeres A, Leitgeb B, Kredics L, Antal Z, Hatvani L, Manczinger L, Vágvölgyi C. Peptaibols and related peptaibiotics of Trichoderma. A review. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung 2005; 52:137-68. [PMID: 16003936 DOI: 10.1556/amicr.52.2005.2.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Peptaibols and the related peptaibiotics are linear, amphipathic polypeptides. More than 300 of these secondary metabolites have been described to date. These compounds are composed of 5-20 amino acids and are generally produced in microheterogeneous mixtures. Peptaibols and peptaibiotics with unusual amino acid content are the result of non-ribosomal biosynthesis. Large multifunctional enzymes known as peptide synthetases assemble these molecules by the multiple carrier thiotemplate mechanism from a remarkable range of precursors, which can be N-methylated, acylated or reduced. Peptaibols and peptaibiotics show interesting physico-chemical and biological properties including the formation of pores in bilayer lipid membranes, as well as antibacterial, antifungal, occasionally antiviral activities, and may elicit plant resistance. The three-dimensional structure of peptaibols and peptaibiotics is characterized predominantly by one type of the helical motifs alpha-helix, 3(10)-helix and beta-bend ribbon spiral. The aim of this review is to summarize the data available about the biosynthesis, biological activity and conformational properties of peptaibols and peptaibiotics described from Trichoderma species.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Szekeres
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 533, H-6701 Szeged, Hungary
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Degenkolb T, Berg A, Gams W, Schlegel B, Gräfe U. The occurrence of peptaibols and structurally related peptaibiotics in fungi and their mass spectrometric identification via diagnostic fragment ions. J Pept Sci 2003; 9:666-78. [PMID: 14658788 DOI: 10.1002/psc.497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Peptaibols and related peptide antibiotics (peptaibiotics) display diagnostically useful fragmentation patterns during mass spectrometry (FAB-MS, ESI-CID-MS/MS and CID-MSn]. The paper compiles fragmentation data of pseudo-molecular ions reported in the literature as a guide to the rational identification of recurrently isolated and new peptaibols and peptaibiotics. Taxonomic and ecological aspects of microorganisms producing peptaibols and peptaibiotics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Degenkolb
- Hans-Knöll-Institute for Natural Products Research, BeutenbergstraBe 11a, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
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