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Mussie KM, Setchell J, Kaba M, Elger BS. "I was afraid to go to the hospital": A qualitative analysis and ethical implications of the impacts of COVID-19 on the health and medical care of older adults in Ethiopia. SAGE Open Med 2024; 12:20503121241263305. [PMID: 39092158 PMCID: PMC11292689 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241263305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The COVID-19 pandemic has brought severe health consequences among older adults and posed ethical challenges. The aim of this study was to explore the impacts of COVID-19 on the health and medical care of older adults in Ethiopia and associated ethical implications, regardless of older adults' COVID-19 infection status. Methods In this qualitative study, we followed an inductive exploratory approach based on reflexive thematic analysis. We conducted semistructured interviews between March 2021 and November 2021 with 20 older adults and 26 health professionals who were selected from healthcare facilities and communities in Ethiopia using purposive and snowball sampling techniques. We audio-recorded, transcribed, translated, and inductively analyzed the interviews using thematic analysis. Results Participants reported that the pandemic compromised the accessibility and quality of both COVID and non-COVID healthcare services for older adults, which negatively impacted older adults' health conditions and medical care. Moreover, participants elaborated on the health conditions and care of older patients with COVID-19 and highlighted that older COVID-19 patients often have severe health conditions, do not get adequate COVID-19 care, and may receive lower priority for admission to intensive care units compared to younger patients when resources are limited. Conclusions Results of this study showed that practices of COVID-19 care and measures may have led to adverse consequences such as limited availability and access to aged care in Ethiopia, which could have further health consequences on older patients. Our results contribute to a better understanding of ethical issues such as distributive justice and prioritization arising in the healthcare of older patients in times of global pandemic. It is imperative for local and international health policymakers and ethicists to further analyze and address the challenges that compromise the accessibility and continuity of quality care for older persons during a public healthcare crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jenny Setchell
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Mirgissa Kaba
- School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Bernice Simone Elger
- Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Center for Legal Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Quar TK, Rashid MFN, Rosdi MYM, Ishak WS, Chong FY. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Individuals With Hearing Loss and Audiology Practice in a Developing Country. Am J Audiol 2023; 32:59-69. [PMID: 36446036 DOI: 10.1044/2022_aja-22-00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the challenges faced by individuals with hearing loss at a time when many nations were attempting to move from the COVID-19 pandemic to endemic. DESIGN A cross-sectional survey was conducted on Malaysian adults with hearing loss to determine the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on hearing aid management, communication difficulties, psychosocial challenges, and access to audiological services. STUDY SAMPLE One hundred forty-six individuals aged 18 years old and above with hearing loss were recruited from hearing health care centers to participate in the survey. RESULTS Many of the participants (54.2%) reported significant difficulties communicating with people wearing face masks. For hearing aid management, repairing (36.3%) and fine-tuning devices (30.2%) were considered more challenging than obtaining a battery (21.3%). The COVID-19 pandemic had a serious psychosocial impact on a small portion of the individuals surveyed. Remote services were rarely offered by the audiologists, and most participants preferred in-person treatment. However, the majority perceived that creating awareness and training on telehealth was important. CONCLUSIONS Effective management for people with hearing loss needs to consider the challenges faced by them, as the world prepares to live with the coronavirus. Clinical protocols should consider providing a service that is helpful for the clients as well as safe and sustainable in future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Kar Quar
- Audiology Programme, Center for Rehabilitation & Special Needs Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi
| | | | - Muhd Yusran Mohd Rosdi
- Audiology Programme, Center for Rehabilitation & Special Needs Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi
| | - Wan Syafira Ishak
- Audiology Programme, Center for Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi
| | - Foong Yen Chong
- Audiology Programme, Center for Rehabilitation & Special Needs Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi
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Jurij R, Ismail IR, Alavi K, Alavi R. Eldercare's Turnover Intention and Human Resource Approach: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3932. [PMID: 36900943 PMCID: PMC10002382 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20053932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Eldercare workers' turnover intentions have caused serious concern given their high demand and pivotal role in ensuring elderly individuals' well-being. This systematic review examined the main factors of eldercare employees' turnover intentions with the purpose of identifying gaps and structure a novel human resource (HR) approach framework for eldercare social enterprises through a global literature review and realistic conclusions. A total of 29 publications appeared between 2015 and 2021 were digitally extracted from six databases and are extensively discussed in this review. Resultantly, eldercare workers' turnover intentions were positively impacted by job burnout, low job motivation, and restricted job autonomy. The findings of this study correspond to those of past literature, which highlighted the necessity of thoroughly examining eldercare worker retention practices from an organisational (HR) perspective. Furthermore, the current study outlines the factors influencing eldercare workers' turnover intentions as well as determine proper HR approaches to mitigate employee turnover issues among eldercare workers for organisational sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahimah Jurij
- Graduate School of Business, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Ida Rosnita Ismail
- Graduate School of Business, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Khadijah Alavi
- Centre for Research in Psychology and Human Well-Being, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Rokiah Alavi
- Kuliyyah of Economics and Management Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50728, Malaysia
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Lai KP, Chong SC, Lin B. How older adults’ health beliefs affect intention to perform COVID-19 self-examination: A reasoned action approach. HUMAN SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/hsm-220134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: COVID-19 self-examination is a significant part of the national recovery plan against the virus. Although it is easier to perform COVID-19 self-examination (CSE), only a small percentage of people prefer it. There are no precise statistics on CSE in Malaysia, but informal data from news agencies imply low CSE. Lack of awareness and conflicting information about the reliability of CSE results may have raised concerns about CSE’s efficacy and effectiveness. OBJECTIVE: This study investigates how Malaysian older adults’ health beliefs influence their intention to perform CSE. The study developed a framework combining illness threats (ITH), perceived barriers (PBA), medical motivations (MMO), and control over illness (COI) from the Health Belief Model (HBM) with the Reasoned-Action Approach’s attitude (ATT), perceived control (PCO), and intention (INT). METHODS: Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) analyses were conducted with AMOS 26 software to determine the influence of HBM on older adults’ attitude, perceived control, and intention. The study collected 200 data for the pilot study and 400 data for hypotheses testing. RESULTS: ITH, MMO, and COI have positive effects, whilst PBA affects ATT negatively. ITH and COI positively impact PCO, and PCO has a greater significant effect on INT than ATT. CONCLUSION: Given the HBM’s role in influencing older adults’ intention to perform COVID-19 self-examination, providing different levels of care and emphasising the perception of knowledge of illness are especially beneficial. Several recommendations are made to ensure that CSE remains relevant for older adults’ well-being, although COVID-19’s impact has become more stabilised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Piew Lai
- Faculty of Business, Multimedia University, Melaka, Malaysia
| | | | - Binshan Lin
- College of Business, Louisiana State University Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
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Syed Elias SM, Rohinmi NR. Knowledge, attitudes, and sociodemographic factors related to COVID-19 among older people living in the community in Malaysia. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2022; 11:298. [PMID: 36439003 PMCID: PMC9683454 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1637_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although older people are at a higher risk of COVID-19 infection, there is a lack of research that focuses on COVID-19 in older people in Malaysia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge and attitudes related to COVID-19, and to identify the association of sociodemographic background with knowledge and attitudes towards COVID-19 among older people. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a cross-sectional study involving 382 older people living in the community in Malaysia. Data was collected using convenience sampling through an online questionnaire that consisted of three parts: sociodemographic details, knowledge, and attitude related to COVID-19. RESULTS The overall correct rate of knowledge was 77.3%, indicating that participants had slightly good knowledge related to COVID-19. The participants showed a positive attitude with a mean score of 26.0 (SD = 5.0). There were significant associations between knowledge and education level (P = 0.00) and marital status (P = 0.02). Marital status was significantly associated with attitude towards COVID-19 (P = 0.03). A weak positive correlation was found between knowledge and attitude (r = 0.17, P = 0.00) suggesting that an increase in knowledge will increase the positive attitude among older people. CONCLUSION Older people reported good knowledge and positive attitudes towards COVID-19. The Malaysian government should provide relevant health education for those with lower education levels and divorced or widowed to improve knowledge and attitudes towards COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharifah Munirah Syed Elias
- Department of Special Care Nursing, Kulliyyah (Faculty) of Nursing, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Nur Rasyidah Rohinmi
- Department of Operation Theatre, Thomson Hospital Kota Damansara, Selangor, Malaysia
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Aging and the COVID-19 pandemic: The inter-related roles of biology, physical wellbeing, social norms and global health systems. Maturitas 2022; 167:99-104. [PMCID: PMC9328837 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Schneiders ML, Naemiratch B, Cheah PK, Cuman G, Poomchaichote T, Ruangkajorn S, Stoppa S, Osterrieder A, Cheah PK, Ongkili D, Pan-ngum W, Mackworth-Young CRS, Cheah PY. The impact of COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions on the lived experiences of people living in Thailand, Malaysia, Italy and the United Kingdom: A cross-country qualitative study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262421. [PMID: 35061789 PMCID: PMC8782407 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This qualitative study explores the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), including social distancing, travel restrictions and quarantine, on lived experiences during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand (TH), Malaysia (MY), Italy (IT) and the United Kingdom (UK). A total of 86 interviews (TH: n = 28; MY: n = 18; IT: n = 20; UK: n = 20) were conducted with members of the public, including healthcare workers (n = 13). Participants across countries held strong views on government imposed NPIs, with many feeling measures lacked clarity. Most participants reported primarily negative impacts of NPIs on their lives, including through separation, isolation and grief over missed milestones; work-related challenges and income loss; and poor mental health and wellbeing. Nonetheless, many also experienced inadvertent positive consequences, including more time at home to focus on what they most valued in life; a greater sense of connectedness; and benefits to working life. Commonly employed coping strategies focused on financial coping (e.g. reducing spending); psycho-emotional coping (e.g. engaging in spiritual practices); social coping and connectedness (e.g., maintaining relationships remotely); reducing and mitigating risks (e.g., changing food shopping routines); and limiting exposure to the news (e.g., checking news only occasionally). Importantly, the extent to which participants' lived experiences were positive or negative, and their ability to cope was underpinned by individual, social and economic factors, with the analysis indicating some salient differences across countries and participants. In order to mitigate negative and unequal impacts of NPIs, COVID-19 policies will benefit from paying closer attention to the social, cultural and psychological-not just biological-vulnerabilities to, and consequences of public health measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira L. Schneiders
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Tropical Medicine & Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, Ethox Centre, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Bhensri Naemiratch
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Phaik Kin Cheah
- Faculty of Arts & Social Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Malaysia
| | - Giulia Cuman
- Paediatric Ethics Committee; Research Ethics Committee, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Tassawan Poomchaichote
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- The SoNAR-Global Network, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supanat Ruangkajorn
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Anne Osterrieder
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Tropical Medicine & Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Phee-Kheng Cheah
- Emergency and Trauma Department, Sabah Women and Children’s Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - Darlene Ongkili
- Emergency and Trauma Department, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - Wirichada Pan-ngum
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Tropical Hygiene, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Phaik Yeong Cheah
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Tropical Medicine & Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, Ethox Centre, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- The SoNAR-Global Network, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Wong LP, Alias H, Tan YR, Tan KM. Older people and responses to COVID-19: A cross-sectional study of prevention practices and vaccination intention. Int J Older People Nurs 2021; 17:e12436. [PMID: 34846801 DOI: 10.1111/opn.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 is a threat to everyone's health and can be especially devastating to older individuals. AIM This study examined the behavioural prevention practices against SARS-CoV-2 infection and the intention to vaccinate among older people when the COVID-19 vaccine is on the verge of becoming available. METHOD A cross-sectional, online survey was conducted between 14th July and 8th October 2020 among the older people in Malaysia. A questionnaire was designed to assess the practice towards measures preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection, and COVID-19 vaccination attitudes and intention. Socio-demographic characteristics, constructs of a health belief model (HBM), the 6-item state version of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-6) were correlates of the main outcomes. FINDINGS The mean score of total preventive measures scores was 13.4 ± 1.7 out of a maximum score of 15, indicating very good prevention practices. By demographics, females, having a tertiary education exhibited higher prevention practices in the univariable analyses. Components of the HBM and being female remain significant correlates of higher prevention practices in multivariable logistic regression analysis (MLRA). A total of 657 (87.1%) participants responded and intend to receive the COVID-19 vaccination. Provider recommendations may improve vaccination uptake (91.6%). MLRA revealed that having a positive vaccination attitude was 16 times more likely to accept the COVID-19 vaccination (OR = 16.10; 95% CI 8.97-28.91). Hearing of someone they know who has COVID-19 serves as a cue to action and significantly influences vaccination (OR = 4.25; 95% CI 1.80-10.03). Participants below 70 years old expressed higher vaccination intention (OR = 2.07; 95% CI 1.19-3.58). CONCLUSION The results provide the first evidence for public authorities to target older people vulnerable to compliance with recommended preventive measures against SARS-CoV-2 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ping Wong
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Haridah Alias
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yi Ru Tan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kit Mun Tan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Costa NDR, Silva PRFD, Lago MJD, Jatobá A. The institutional capacity of the Health Sector and the response to COVID-19 in a global perspective. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2021; 26:4645-4654. [PMID: 34730651 DOI: 10.1590/1413-812320212610.11852021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study approaches the Global Health Security Index (GHSI) according to the responses to the first cycle of the COVID-19. The GHSI ranks countries' institutional capacity to address biological risks. We analyzed data regarding the spread of COVID-19 pandemic in 50 countries to assess the ability of GHSI to anticipate health risks. The lack of vaccination determined the spread of the COVID-19 in the first cycle of the pandemic in 2020. Country indicators are correlated and demonstrated by descriptive statistics. The clustering method groups countries by similar age composition. The main restriction that can be attributed to the GHSI concerns the preference of biomedical variables for measuring institutional capacity. Our work shows that the pandemic had a significant impact on better-prepared countries, according to the GHSI, to control the spread of diseases and offer more access to health care in 2020. This paper points out that the health sector depended on the cooperation of governments in the adoption of social distancing during the first cycle of the pandemic. The GHSI failed to consider the role of political leaders who challenge severe health risks by vetoing social distancing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilson do Rosário Costa
- Departamento de Ciências Sociais, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz). R. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, sala 913, Manguinhos. 21041-210 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.
| | - Paulo Roberto Fagundes da Silva
- Departamento de Ciências Sociais, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz). R. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, sala 913, Manguinhos. 21041-210 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.
| | - Marcos Junqueira do Lago
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil
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Abu EK, Oloruntoba R, Osuagwu UL, Bhattarai D, Miner CA, Goson PC, Langsi R, Nwaeze O, Chikasirimobi TG, Ovenseri-Ogbomo GO, Ekpenyong BN, Charwe DD, Mashige KP, Ishaya T, Agho KE. Risk perception of COVID-19 among sub-Sahara Africans: a web-based comparative survey of local and diaspora residents. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1562. [PMID: 34404377 PMCID: PMC8370831 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11600-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perceived risk towards the coronavirus pandemic is key to improved compliance with public health measures to reduce the infection rates. This study investigated how Sub-Saharan Africans (SSA) living in their respective countries and those in the diaspora perceive their risk of getting infected by the COVID-19 virus as well as the associated factors. METHODS A web-based cross-sectional survey on 1969 participants aged 18 years and above (55.1% male) was conducted between April 27th and May 17th 2020, corresponding to the mandatory lockdown in most SSA countries. The dependent variable was the perception of risk for contracting COVID-19 scores. Independent variables included demographic characteristics, and COVID-19 related knowledge and attitude scores. Univariate and multiple linear regression analyses identified the factors associated with risk perception towards COVID-19. RESULTS Among the respondents, majority were living in SSA (n = 1855, 92.8%) and 143 (7.2%) in the diaspora. There was no significant difference in the mean risk perception scores between the two groups (p = 0.117), however, those aged 18-28 years had lower risk perception scores (p = 0.003) than the older respondents, while those who were employed (p = 0.040) and had higher levels of education (p < 0.001) had significantly higher risk perception scores than other respondents. After adjusting for covariates, multivariable analyses revealed that SSA residents aged 39-48 years (adjusted coefficient, β = 0.06, 95% CI [0.01, 1.19]) and health care sector workers (β = 0.61, 95% CI [0.09, 1.14]) reported a higher perceived risk of COVID-19. Knowledge and attitude scores increased as perceived risk for COVID-19 increased for both SSAs in Africa (β = 1.19, 95% CI [1.05, 1.34] for knowledge; β = 0.63, 95% CI [0.58, 0.69] for attitude) and in Diaspora (β = 1.97, 95% CI [1.16, 2.41] for knowledge; β = 0.30, 95% CI [0.02, 0.58] for attitude). CONCLUSIONS There is a need to promote preventive measures focusing on increasing people's knowledge about COVID-19 and encouraging positive attitudes towards the mitigation measures such as vaccines and education. Such interventions should target the younger population, less educated and non-healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Kwasi Abu
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, 00233 Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Richard Oloruntoba
- School of Management and Marketing, Faculty of Business and Law, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6151 Australia
| | - Uchechukwu Levi Osuagwu
- Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560 Australia
- Discipline of Optometry, School of Health Sciences, African Vision Research Institute (AVRI), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 3629 South Africa
| | - Dipesh Bhattarai
- Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria Australia
| | - Chundung Asabe Miner
- Department of Community Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | | | - Raymond Langsi
- Health Division, University of Bamenda Bambili, Bamenda, Cameroon
| | - Obinna Nwaeze
- County Durham and Darlington National Health Service (NHS) Foundation, Darlington, DL3 0PD UK
| | - Timothy G. Chikasirimobi
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, School of Public Health, Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kakamega, 50100 Kenya
| | - Godwin O. Ovenseri-Ogbomo
- Discipline of Optometry, School of Health Sciences, African Vision Research Institute (AVRI), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 3629 South Africa
- Department of Optometry, Center for Health Sciences, University of Highlands and Islands, Old Perth Road, IV2 3JH Scotland
- Department of Optometry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Bernadine N. Ekpenyong
- Discipline of Optometry, School of Health Sciences, African Vision Research Institute (AVRI), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 3629 South Africa
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State Nigeria
| | | | - Khathutshelo Percy Mashige
- Discipline of Optometry, School of Health Sciences, African Vision Research Institute (AVRI), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 3629 South Africa
| | - Tanko Ishaya
- Department of Computer Science, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Kingsley Emwinyore Agho
- Discipline of Optometry, School of Health Sciences, African Vision Research Institute (AVRI), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 3629 South Africa
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560 Australia
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Thiam CN, Hasmukharay K, Lim WC, Ng CC, Pang GHM, Abdullah A, Saedon NI, Khor HM, Ong T. COVID-19 Infection among Older People Admitted to Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Analysis. Geriatrics (Basel) 2021; 6:25. [PMID: 33800304 PMCID: PMC8005929 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics6010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Older people with COVID-19 infection report worse clinical outcomes. There is a paucity of local data and this study aimed to describe the clinical progression of older people admitted to a university hospital in Malaysia with COVID-19 infection. (2) Methods: Older people (≥60 years) admitted with COVID-19 infection confirmed with RT-PCR from 27 February 2020-25 May 2020 were included in this study. Data on patient characteristics, hospital treatment, and inpatient outcomes were collected via hospital-held electronic medical records. Analysis was done to describe the cohort and identify factors associated with inpatient mortality. (3) Results: 26 participants were included (mean age 76.2 years, female 57.7%). All had at least one comorbid condition and half were frail. About 19.2% had non-respiratory (atypical) symptoms; 23.1% had a severe disease that required intensive care unit monitoring; 46.2% were given COVID-19 targeted therapy. Inpatient mortality and overall complication rates were 23.1% and 42.3%, respectively. Delirium on presentation and lower Ct-value were associated with mortality. (4) Conclusions: Older people with COVID-19 infection have severe infection and poor hospital outcomes. Vigilant hospital care is necessary to address their multimorbidity and frailty, along with appropriate treatment for their infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiann Ni Thiam
- Department of General Medicine, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Ministry of Health, Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur 50586, Malaysia; (C.N.T.); (W.C.L.); (C.C.N.); (G.H.M.P.)
- Geriatric Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 59100, Malaysia; (K.H.); (A.A.); (N.I.S.); (H.M.K.)
| | - Kejal Hasmukharay
- Geriatric Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 59100, Malaysia; (K.H.); (A.A.); (N.I.S.); (H.M.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Wan Chieh Lim
- Department of General Medicine, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Ministry of Health, Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur 50586, Malaysia; (C.N.T.); (W.C.L.); (C.C.N.); (G.H.M.P.)
- Geriatric Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 59100, Malaysia; (K.H.); (A.A.); (N.I.S.); (H.M.K.)
| | - Chai Chen Ng
- Department of General Medicine, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Ministry of Health, Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur 50586, Malaysia; (C.N.T.); (W.C.L.); (C.C.N.); (G.H.M.P.)
- Geriatric Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 59100, Malaysia; (K.H.); (A.A.); (N.I.S.); (H.M.K.)
| | - Gordon Hwa Mang Pang
- Department of General Medicine, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Ministry of Health, Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur 50586, Malaysia; (C.N.T.); (W.C.L.); (C.C.N.); (G.H.M.P.)
- Geriatric Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 59100, Malaysia; (K.H.); (A.A.); (N.I.S.); (H.M.K.)
| | - Aimy Abdullah
- Geriatric Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 59100, Malaysia; (K.H.); (A.A.); (N.I.S.); (H.M.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, Sungai Buloh 47000, Malaysia
| | - Nor Izzati Saedon
- Geriatric Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 59100, Malaysia; (K.H.); (A.A.); (N.I.S.); (H.M.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Hui Min Khor
- Geriatric Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 59100, Malaysia; (K.H.); (A.A.); (N.I.S.); (H.M.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Terence Ong
- Geriatric Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 59100, Malaysia; (K.H.); (A.A.); (N.I.S.); (H.M.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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Gan J, Liu S, Wu H, Chen Z, Fei M, Xu J, Dou Y, Wang X, Ji Y. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:703481. [PMID: 34335338 PMCID: PMC8317553 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.703481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Numerous countries went into lockdown to contain the COVID-19 outbreak, which has impeded follow-up of chronic diseases, such as cognitive impairment (CI). Cognitive and neuropsychiatric changes during the COVID-19 pandemic are neglected in China, which is the world's whistleblower. To investigate the cognitive and neuropsychologic changes in CI, as well as the proportions of rapid cognitive decline (RCD) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic to provide clinical evidence for CI intervention during a public health emergency. Methods: We performed a descriptive and retrospective study based on medical records from the memory clinic of Tianjin Dementia Institute collected through face-to-face evaluations. Information of 205 patients with CI, including patients with mild cognitive impairment and dementia, of whom 131 with Alzheimer's disease (AD) were analyzed and compared to a control group before the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: Among the 205 CI patients, the scores on the Chinese Mini Mental State Examination (C-MMSE), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), activities of daily living (ADLs), and the global Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) were significantly different at the baseline and follow-up evaluations (p < 0.05) after 14.07 (±2.87) months. The same findings were recorded among AD patients, and they exhibited more sleep disturbances at the follow-up than at baseline (32.8 vs. 20.6%, p = 0.035). When compared to the control group, slightly worse performance of cognitive, -1.00 (-4.00, 1.00) from the C-MMSE, -1.00 (-2.00, 0.00) on the MoCA, 1.00 (0.00, 9.00) on ADLs and neuropsychological 0.00 (-1.00, 3.50) on the global NPI profile, at the follow-up were presented, particularly for delusion, agitation, irritability, and appetite disturbances (p < 0.05). Twenty-five (19.1%) AD patients and 48 (36.6%) controls suffered RCD during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, AD patients during the COVID-19 pandemic were 0.408 times (95% confidence interval: 0.232-0.716) less likely to suffer RCD than the control. Conclusion: Confinement might ease the cognitive and neuropsychiatric deterioration of AD patients compared to those not in crisis and help prevent RCD in AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghuan Gan
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin, China.,Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin, China.,Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhichao Chen
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Fei
- Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurology, Yuncheng Central Hospital of Shanxi Province, Shanxi, China
| | - Junying Xu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Baodi People's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuchao Dou
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Yong Ji
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
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