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Yang H, Liang C, Luo J, Liu X, Wang W, Zheng K, Luo D, Hou Y, Guo D, Lin D, Zheng X, Li X. Transplantation of Wnt5a-modified Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promotes Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury via the PI3K/AKT Pathway. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04248-8. [PMID: 38795301 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04248-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe neurological condition that can lead to paralysis or even death. This study explored the potential benefits of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplantation for repairing SCI. BMSCs also differentiate into astrocytes within damaged spinal cord tissues hindering the cell transplantation efficacy, therefore it is crucial to enhance their neuronal differentiation rate to facilitate spinal cord repair. Wnt5a, an upstream protein in the non-classical Wnt signaling pathway, has been implicated in stem cell migration, differentiation, and neurite formation but its role in the neuronal differentiation of BMSCs remains unclear. Thus, this study investigated the role and underlying mechanisms of Wnt5a in promoting neuronal differentiation of BMSCs both in vivo and in vitro. Wnt5a enhanced neuronal differentiation of BMSCs in vitro while reducing astrocyte differentiation. Additionally, high-throughput RNA sequencing revealed a correlation between Wnt5a and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT) signaling, which was confirmed by the use of the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 to reverse the effects of Wnt5a on BMSC neuronal differentiation. Furthermore, transplantation of Wnt5a-modified BMSCs into SCI rats effectively improved the histomorphology (Hematoxylin and eosin [H&E], Nissl and Luxol Fast Blue [LFB] staining), motor function scores (Footprint test and Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan [BBB]scores)and promoted neuron production, axonal formation, and remodeling of myelin sheaths (microtubule associated protein-2 [MAP-2], growth-associated protein 43 [GAP43], myelin basic protein [MBP]), while reducing astrocyte production (glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP]). Therefore, targeting the Wnt5a/PI3K/AKT pathway could enhance BMSC transplantation for SCI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haimei Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Chaolun Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Department of Orthopedics (Joint Surgery), Guangdong Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Zhuhai, 519015, Guangdong, China
| | - Junhua Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiuzhen Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Wanshun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, China
| | - Kunrui Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Da Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Dingkun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiasheng Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China.
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Bhagtaney L, Dharmarajan A, Warrier S. miRNA on the Battlefield of Cancer: Significance in Cancer Stem Cells, WNT Pathway, and Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:957. [PMID: 38473318 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Carcinogenesis is a complex process characterized by intricate changes in organ histology, biochemistry, epigenetics, and genetics. Within this intricate landscape, cancer stem cells (CSCs) have emerged as distinct cell types possessing unique attributes that significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of cancer. The WNT signaling pathway plays a critical role in maintaining somatic stem cell pluripotency. However, in cancer, overexpression of WNT mediators enhances the activity of β-catenin, resulting in phenomena such as recurrence and unfavorable survival outcomes. Notably, CSCs exhibit heightened WNT signaling compared to bulk cancer cells, providing intriguing insights into their functional characteristics. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), as post-transcriptional gene expression regulators, modulate various physiological processes in numerous diseases including cancer. Upregulation or downregulation of miRNAs can affect the production of pro-oncogenic or anti-oncogenic proteins, influencing cellular processes that maintain tissue homeostasis and promote either apoptosis or differentiation, even in cancer cells. In order to understand the dysregulation of miRNAs, it is essential to examine miRNA biogenesis and any possible alterations at each step. The potential of a miRNA as a biomarker in prognosis, diagnosis, and detection is being assessed using technologies such as next-generation sequencing. Extensive research has explored miRNA expression profiles in cancer, leading to their utilization as diagnostic tools and the development of personalized and targeted cancer therapies. This review delves into the role of miRNAs in carcinogenesis in relation to the WNT signaling pathway along with their potential as druggable compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekha Bhagtaney
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Arun Dharmarajan
- Faculty of Clinical Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India
- School of Human Sciences, Faculty of Life and Physical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Sudha Warrier
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore 560065, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India
- Cuor Stem Cellutions Pvt Ltd., Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore 560065, India
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Shaikh MAJ, Altamimi ASA, Afzal M, Gupta G, Singla N, Gilhotra R, Almalki WH, Kazmi I, Alzarea SI, Prasher P, Singh SK, Dua K. Unraveling the impact of miR-21 on apoptosis regulation in glioblastoma. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 254:155121. [PMID: 38262269 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a prevalent form of carcinoma that exhibits a greater incidence rate across diverse demographics globally. Despite extensive global efforts, GBM continues to be a highly lethal disease that is characterized by a grim prognosis. There is a wealth of evidence suggesting that the pathophysiology of GBM is associated with the dysregulation of numerous cellular and molecular processes. The etiology of GBM may involve various cellular and molecular pathways, including EGFR, PDCD4, NF-κB, MAPK, matrix metalloproteinases, STAT, and Akt. MicroRNAs, short non-coding RNA molecules, regulate gene expression and mRNA translation after transcription but before translation to exert control over a wide range of biological functions. Extensive research has consistently demonstrated the upregulation of miRNA-21 in glioma, indicating its involvement in diverse biological pathways that facilitate tumor cell survival. By explaining the intricate interplay between miR-21 and the regulation of apoptosis in GBM, this review has the potential to significantly enhance our comprehension of the illness and provide potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India; School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India; School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India.
| | - Neelam Singla
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India
| | - Ritu Gilhotra
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, 72341, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parteek Prasher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Energy Acres, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
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Jan N, Sofi S, Qayoom H, Haq BU, Shabir A, Mir MA. Targeting breast cancer stem cells through retinoids: A new hope for treatment. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2023; 192:104156. [PMID: 37827439 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a complex and diverse disease accounting for nearly 30% of all cancers diagnosed in females. But unfortunately, patients develop resistance to the existing chemotherapeutic regimen, resulting in approximately 90% treatment failure. With over half a million deaths annually, it is imperative to explore new therapeutic approaches to combat the disease. Within a breast tumor, a small sub-population of heterogeneous cells, with a unique ability of self-renew and differentiation and responsible for tumor formation, initiation, and recurrence are referred to as breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). These BCSCs have been identified as one of the main contributors to chemoresistance in breast cancer, making them an attractive target for developing novel therapeutic strategies. These cells exhibit surface biomarkers such as CD44+, CD24-/LOW, ALDH, CD133, and CD49f phenotypes. Higher expression of CD44+ and ALDH activity has been associated with the formation of tumors in various cancers. Moreover, the abnormal regulation of signaling pathways, including Hedgehog, Notch, β-catenin, JAK/STAT, and P13K/AKT/mTOR, leads to the formation of cancer stem cells, resulting in the development of tumors. The growing drug resistance in BC is a significant challenge, highlighting the need for new therapeutic strategies to combat this dreadful disease. Retinoids, a large group of synthetic derivatives of vitamin A, have been studied as chemopreventive agents in clinical trials and have been shown to regulate various crucial biological functions including vision, development, inflammation, and metabolism. On a cellular level, the retinoid activity has been well characterized and translated and is known to induce differentiation and apoptosis, which play important roles in the outcome of the transformation of tissues into malignant. Retinoids have been investigated extensively for their use in the treatment and prevention of cancer due to their high receptor-binding affinity to directly modulate gene expression programs. Therefore, in this study, we aim to summarize the current understanding of BCSCs, their biomarkers, and the associated signaling pathways. Retinoids, such as Adapalene, a third-generation retinoid, have shown promising anti-cancer potential and may serve as therapeutic agents to target BCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat Jan
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Shazia Sofi
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Hina Qayoom
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Burhan Ul Haq
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Aisha Shabir
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Manzoor Ahmad Mir
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India.
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Nogueras Pérez R, Heredia-Nicolás N, de Lara-Peña L, López de Andrés J, Marchal JA, Jiménez G, Griñán-Lisón C. Unraveling the Potential of miRNAs from CSCs as an Emerging Clinical Tool for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16010. [PMID: 37958993 PMCID: PMC10647353 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242116010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most diagnosed cancer in women and the second most common cancer globally. Significant advances in BC research have led to improved early detection and effective therapies. One of the key challenges in BC is the presence of BC stem cells (BCSCs). This small subpopulation within the tumor possesses unique characteristics, including tumor-initiating capabilities, contributes to treatment resistance, and plays a role in cancer recurrence and metastasis. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as potential regulators of BCSCs, which can modulate gene expression and influence cellular processes like BCSCs' self-renewal, differentiation, and tumor-promoting pathways. Understanding the miRNA signatures of BCSCs holds great promise for improving BC diagnosis and prognosis. By targeting BCSCs and their associated miRNAs, researchers aim to develop more effective and personalized treatment strategies that may offer better outcomes for BC patients, minimizing tumor recurrence and metastasis. In conclusion, the investigation of miRNAs as regulators of BCSCs opens new directions for advancing BC research through the use of bioinformatics and the development of innovative therapeutic approaches. This review summarizes the most recent and innovative studies and clinical trials on the role of BCSCs miRNAs as potential tools for early diagnosis, prognosis, and resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Nogueras Pérez
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (R.N.P.); (N.H.-N.); (L.d.L.-P.); (J.L.d.A.); (J.A.M.)
| | - Noelia Heredia-Nicolás
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (R.N.P.); (N.H.-N.); (L.d.L.-P.); (J.L.d.A.); (J.A.M.)
| | - Laura de Lara-Peña
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (R.N.P.); (N.H.-N.); (L.d.L.-P.); (J.L.d.A.); (J.A.M.)
- Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), University Hospitals of Granada, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit “Modeling Nature” (MNat), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Julia López de Andrés
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (R.N.P.); (N.H.-N.); (L.d.L.-P.); (J.L.d.A.); (J.A.M.)
- Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), University Hospitals of Granada, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit “Modeling Nature” (MNat), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Marchal
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (R.N.P.); (N.H.-N.); (L.d.L.-P.); (J.L.d.A.); (J.A.M.)
- Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), University Hospitals of Granada, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit “Modeling Nature” (MNat), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Gema Jiménez
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (R.N.P.); (N.H.-N.); (L.d.L.-P.); (J.L.d.A.); (J.A.M.)
- Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), University Hospitals of Granada, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit “Modeling Nature” (MNat), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Carmen Griñán-Lisón
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (R.N.P.); (N.H.-N.); (L.d.L.-P.); (J.L.d.A.); (J.A.M.)
- Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), University Hospitals of Granada, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit “Modeling Nature” (MNat), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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Doloi R, Gupta SM. MicroRNAs: The key players regulating the crosstalk between Hippo and Wnt/β-catenin pathways in breast cancer. Life Sci 2023; 329:121980. [PMID: 37516428 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Breast Cancer has the highest burden in females worldwide and is predicted to increase by many folds with increasing lifestyle related risk factors, genetic mutations, and an aging population. The Hippo signalling and Wnt signalling pathways were identified as important signal transducers involved in maintaining organ development, tissue homeostasis, cell proliferation and apoptosis. microRNAs are short nucleotide sequences which act as regulatory components driving signal transductions in most cancers and can serve as both diagnostic and prognostic markers. Several reports have implicated that deregulated Hippo as well as Wnt signalling mediated by miRNAs together drive tumorigenesis, metastases and chemoresistance in breast cancer. Recent evidences on a crosstalk between Hippo and Wnt components elucidated how these pathways might be synchronized to have overlapping functions to promote tumorigenesis. Since miRNAs are demonstrated to target most of the components in both the pathways, in this review, we talk about the crosstalk between Hippo and Wnt signalling pathways and the potential microRNAs that might regulate the interplay between the two pathways in breast cancer, which has not been explored earlier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinki Doloi
- Indian Council of Medical Research - National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health (ICMR-NIRRCH), Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Sadhana M Gupta
- Indian Council of Medical Research - National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health (ICMR-NIRRCH), Mumbai 400012, India.
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Joshi G, Basu A. Epigenetic control of cell signalling in cancer stem cells. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 383:67-88. [PMID: 38359971 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The self-renewing cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent one of the distinct cell populations occurring in a tumour that can differentiate into multiple lineages. This group of sparsely abundant cells play a vital role in tumour survival and resistance to different treatments during cancer. The lack of exclusive markers associated with CSCs makes diagnosis and prognosis in cancer patients extremely difficult. This calls for the identification of unique regulators and markers for CSCs. Various signalling pathways like the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, Hedgehog pathway, Notch pathway, and TGFβ/BMP play a major role in the regulation and maintenance of CSCs. Epigenetic regulatory mechanisms add another layer of complexity to control these signalling pathways. In this chapter, we discuss about the role of epigenetic mechanisms in regulating the cellular signalling pathways in CSCs. The epigenetic regulatory mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modification and microRNAs can modulate the diverse effectors of signalling pathways and consequently the growth, differentiation and tumorigenicity of CSCs. In the end, we briefly discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting these epigenetic regulators and their target genes in CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Joshi
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany.
| | - Amitava Basu
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany.
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Barzegar Behrooz A, Latifi-Navid H, da Silva Rosa SC, Swiat M, Wiechec E, Vitorino C, Vitorino R, Jamalpoor Z, Ghavami S. Integrating Multi-Omics Analysis for Enhanced Diagnosis and Treatment of Glioblastoma: A Comprehensive Data-Driven Approach. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3158. [PMID: 37370767 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The most aggressive primary malignant brain tumor in adults is glioblastoma (GBM), which has poor overall survival (OS). There is a high relapse rate among patients with GBM despite maximally safe surgery, radiation therapy, temozolomide (TMZ), and aggressive treatment. Hence, there is an urgent and unmet clinical need for new approaches to managing GBM. The current study identified modules (MYC, EGFR, PIK3CA, SUZ12, and SPRK2) involved in GBM disease through the NeDRex plugin. Furthermore, hub genes were identified in a comprehensive interaction network containing 7560 proteins related to GBM disease and 3860 proteins associated with signaling pathways involved in GBM. By integrating the results of the analyses mentioned above and again performing centrality analysis, eleven key genes involved in GBM disease were identified. ProteomicsDB and Gliovis databases were used for determining the gene expression in normal and tumor brain tissue. The NetworkAnalyst and the mGWAS-Explorer tools identified miRNAs, SNPs, and metabolites associated with these 11 genes. Moreover, a literature review of recent studies revealed other lists of metabolites related to GBM disease. The enrichment analysis of identified genes, miRNAs, and metabolites associated with GBM disease was performed using ExpressAnalyst, miEAA, and MetaboAnalyst tools. Further investigation of metabolite roles in GBM was performed using pathway, joint pathway, and network analyses. The results of this study allowed us to identify 11 genes (UBC, HDAC1, CTNNB1, TRIM28, CSNK2A1, RBBP4, TP53, APP, DAB1, PINK1, and RELN), five miRNAs (hsa-mir-221-3p, hsa-mir-30a-5p, hsa-mir-15a-5p, hsa-mir-130a-3p, and hsa-let-7b-5p), six metabolites (HDL, N6-acetyl-L-lysine, cholesterol, formate, N, N-dimethylglycine/xylose, and X2. piperidinone) and 15 distinct signaling pathways that play an indispensable role in GBM disease development. The identified top genes, miRNAs, and metabolite signatures can be targeted to establish early diagnostic methods and plan personalized GBM treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Barzegar Behrooz
- Trauma Research Center, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-18541, Iran
| | - Hamid Latifi-Navid
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran 14977-16316, Iran
| | - Simone C da Silva Rosa
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada
| | - Maciej Swiat
- Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Emilia Wiechec
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Carla Vitorino
- Coimbra Chemistry Coimbra, Institute of Molecular Sciences-IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui Vitorino
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- UnIC, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Zahra Jamalpoor
- Trauma Research Center, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-18541, Iran
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Biology of Breathing Theme, Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba-University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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9
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Lee SH, Ng CX, Wong SR, Chong PP. MiRNAs Overexpression and Their Role in Breast Cancer: Implications for Cancer Therapeutics. Curr Drug Targets 2023; 24:484-508. [PMID: 36999414 DOI: 10.2174/1389450124666230329123409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs have a plethora of roles in various biological processes in the cells and most human cancers have been shown to be associated with dysregulation of the expression of miRNA genes. MiRNA biogenesis involves two alternative pathways, the canonical pathway which requires the successful cooperation of various proteins forming the miRNA-inducing silencing complex (miRISC), and the non-canonical pathway, such as the mirtrons, simtrons, or agotrons pathway, which bypasses and deviates from specific steps in the canonical pathway. Mature miRNAs are secreted from cells and circulated in the body bound to argonaute 2 (AGO2) and miRISC or transported in vesicles. These miRNAs may regulate their downstream target genes via positive or negative regulation through different molecular mechanisms. This review focuses on the role and mechanisms of miRNAs in different stages of breast cancer progression, including breast cancer stem cell formation, breast cancer initiation, invasion, and metastasis as well as angiogenesis. The design, chemical modifications, and therapeutic applications of synthetic anti-sense miRNA oligonucleotides and RNA mimics are also discussed in detail. The strategies for systemic delivery and local targeted delivery of the antisense miRNAs encompass the use of polymeric and liposomal nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles, extracellular vesicles, as well as viral vectors and viruslike particles (VLPs). Although several miRNAs have been identified as good candidates for the design of antisense and other synthetic modified oligonucleotides in targeting breast cancer, further efforts are still needed to study the most optimal delivery method in order to drive the research beyond preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sau Har Lee
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Molecular Pharmacology (CDDMP), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chu Xin Ng
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sharon Rachel Wong
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Pei Pei Chong
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
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10
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Chen J, Han G, Xu A, Akutsu T, Cai H. Identifying miRNA-Gene Common and Specific Regulatory Modules for Cancer Subtyping by a High-Order Graph Matching Model. IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS 2023; 20:421-431. [PMID: 35320104 DOI: 10.1109/tcbb.2022.3161635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Identifying regulatory modules between miRNAs and genes is crucial in cancer research. It promotes a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms of cancer. The genomic data collected from subjects usually relate to different cancer statuses, such as different TNM Classifications of Malignant Tumors (TNM) or histological subtypes. Simple integrated analyses generally identify the core of the tumorigenesis (common modules) but miss the subtype-specific regulatory mechanisms (specific modules). In contrast, separate analyses can only report the differences and ignore important common modules. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a novel method to jointly analyze miRNA and gene data of different cancer statuses to identify common and specific modules. To that end, we developed a High-Order Graph Matching model to identify Common and Specific modules (HOGMCS) between miRNA and gene data of different cancer statuses. We first demonstrate the superiority of HOGMCS through a comparison with four state-of-the-art techniques using a set of simulated data. Then, we apply HOGMCS on stomach adenocarcinoma data with four TNM stages and two histological types, and breast invasive carcinoma data with four PAM50 subtypes. The experimental results demonstrate that HOGMCS can accurately extract common and subtype-specific miRNA-gene regulatory modules, where many identified miRNA-gene interactions have been confirmed in several public databases.
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11
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The Molecular and Cellular Strategies of Glioblastoma and Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells Conferring Radioresistance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113577. [PMID: 36362359 PMCID: PMC9656305 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) has been shown to play a crucial role in the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM; grade IV) and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Nevertheless, recent studies have indicated that radiotherapy can offer only palliation owing to the radioresistance of GBM and NSCLC. Therefore, delineating the major radioresistance mechanisms may provide novel therapeutic approaches to sensitize these diseases to IR and improve patient outcomes. This review provides insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying GBM and NSCLC radioresistance, where it sheds light on the role played by cancer stem cells (CSCs), as well as discusses comprehensively how the cellular dormancy/non-proliferating state and polyploidy impact on their survival and relapse post-IR exposure.
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12
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Qi Z, Wang S, Xuan A, Gu X, Deng J, Huang C, Zhang L, Yin X. MiR-142a-3p: A novel ACh receptor transcriptional regulator in association with peripheral nerve injury. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 30:325-336. [PMID: 36381585 PMCID: PMC9633872 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Long-term denervation leads to the disintegration of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) located at the endplate structure, which translates to deficits in functional activation despite nerve repair. Because of a lack of effective measures to protect AChR expression, we explored the effect of alterations in muscular miR-142a-3p on nAChR. In this study, we constructed a model of miR-142a-3p knockdown by transfecting a miR-142a-3p inhibitor short hairpin RNA (shRNA) into C2C12 myotubes, and we injected this miR-142a-3p inhibitor shRNA into the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle in uninjured mice and in denervated mice by transecting the sciatic nerve. Our results showed that miR-142a-3p knockdown led to an increased number and area of AChR clusters in myotubes in vitro and larger neuromuscular endplates in adult mice. Furthermore, miR-142a-3p knockdown delayed the disintegration of motor endplates after denervation. Last, upon miR-142a-3p knockdown in uninjured and denervated mice, we observed an increase in the mRNA levels of five AChR subunits as well as mRNAs of genes implicated in AChR transcription and AChR clustering. Together, these results suggest that miR-142a-3p may be a potential target for therapeutic intervention to prevent motor endplate degradation following peripheral nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidan Qi
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shen Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ang Xuan
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinyi Gu
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Deng
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Electron Microscopy Analysis Laboratory, Medical and Health Analysis Center, Peking University, Beijing, China,Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yin
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China,Pizhou People’s Hospital, Jiangsu, China,Corresponding author Xiaofeng Yin, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China.
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13
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Yang Y, Huang H, Li Y. Roles of exosomes and exosome-derived miRNAs in pulmonary fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:928933. [PMID: 36034858 PMCID: PMC9403513 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.928933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic, progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology that leads rapidly to death. It is characterized by the replacement of healthy tissue through an altered extracellular matrix and damage to the alveolar structure. New pharmacological treatments and biomarkers are needed for pulmonary fibrosis to ensure better outcomes and earlier diagnosis of patients. Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles released by nearly all cell types that play a central role as mediators of cell-to-cell communication. Moreover, exosomes are emerging as a crucial factor in antigen presentation, immune response, immunomodulation, inflammation, and cellular phenotypic transformation and have also shown promising therapeutic potential in pulmonary fibrosis. This review summarizes current knowledge of exosomes that may promote pulmonary fibrosis and be utilized for diagnostics and prognostics. In addition, the utilization of exosomes and their cargo miRNAs as novel therapeutics and their potential mechanisms are also discussed. This review aims to elucidate the role of exosomes in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis and paves the way for developing novel therapeutics for pulmonary fibrosis. Further in-depth research and clinical trials on this topic are encouraged in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Yang
- Precision Medicine Key Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Huang
- Precision Medicine Key Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Transplantation Engineering and Immunology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Ministry of Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Li
- Precision Medicine Key Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Li,
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14
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Wang L, Jin Z, Master RP, Maharjan CK, Carelock ME, Reccoppa TBA, Kim MC, Kolb R, Zhang W. Breast Cancer Stem Cells: Signaling Pathways, Cellular Interactions, and Therapeutic Implications. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3287. [PMID: 35805056 PMCID: PMC9265870 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) constitute a small population of cells within breast cancer and are characterized by their ability to self-renew, differentiate, and recapitulate the heterogeneity of the tumor. Clinically, BCSCs have been correlated with cancer progression, metastasis, relapse, and drug resistance. The tumorigenic roles of BCSCs have been extensively reviewed and will not be the major focus of the current review. Here, we aim to highlight how the crucial intrinsic signaling pathways regulate the fate of BCSCs, including the Wnt, Notch, Hedgehog, and NF-κB signaling pathways, as well as how different cell populations crosstalk with BCSCs within the TME, including adipocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and immune cells. Based on the molecular and cellular activities of BCSCs, we will also summarize the targeting strategies for BCSCs and related clinical trials. This review will highlight that BCSC development in breast cancer is impacted by both BCSC endogenous signaling and external factors in the TME, which provides an insight into how to establish a comprehensively therapeutic strategy to target BCSCs for breast cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (L.W.); (Z.J.); (R.P.M.); (C.K.M.); (M.E.C.); (T.B.A.R.); (M.-C.K.); (R.K.)
- Immunology Concentration, Biomedical Graduate Program, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Zeng Jin
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (L.W.); (Z.J.); (R.P.M.); (C.K.M.); (M.E.C.); (T.B.A.R.); (M.-C.K.); (R.K.)
- Cancer Biology Concentration, Biomedical Graduate Program, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Rohan P. Master
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (L.W.); (Z.J.); (R.P.M.); (C.K.M.); (M.E.C.); (T.B.A.R.); (M.-C.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Chandra K. Maharjan
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (L.W.); (Z.J.); (R.P.M.); (C.K.M.); (M.E.C.); (T.B.A.R.); (M.-C.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Madison E. Carelock
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (L.W.); (Z.J.); (R.P.M.); (C.K.M.); (M.E.C.); (T.B.A.R.); (M.-C.K.); (R.K.)
- Cancer Biology Concentration, Biomedical Graduate Program, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Tiffany B. A. Reccoppa
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (L.W.); (Z.J.); (R.P.M.); (C.K.M.); (M.E.C.); (T.B.A.R.); (M.-C.K.); (R.K.)
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Myung-Chul Kim
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (L.W.); (Z.J.); (R.P.M.); (C.K.M.); (M.E.C.); (T.B.A.R.); (M.-C.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Ryan Kolb
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (L.W.); (Z.J.); (R.P.M.); (C.K.M.); (M.E.C.); (T.B.A.R.); (M.-C.K.); (R.K.)
- UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Weizhou Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (L.W.); (Z.J.); (R.P.M.); (C.K.M.); (M.E.C.); (T.B.A.R.); (M.-C.K.); (R.K.)
- UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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15
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Hu X, Zhang Q, Xing W, Wang W. Role of microRNA/lncRNA Intertwined With the Wnt/β-Catenin Axis in Regulating the Pathogenesis of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:814971. [PMID: 35814205 PMCID: PMC9263262 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.814971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective (s): In this mini-review, we aimed to discuss the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway modulation in triple-negative breast cancer, particularly the contribution of lncRNAs and miRNAs in its regulation and their possible entwining role in breast cancer pathogenesis, proliferation, migration, or malignancy.Background: Malignant tumor formation is very high for breast cancer in women and is a leading cause of death all over the globe. Among breast cancer subtypes, triple-negative breast cancer is rife in premenopausal women, most invasive, and prone to metastasis. Complex pathways are involved in this cancer’s pathogenesis, advancement, and malignancy, including the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. This pathway is conserved among vertebrates and is necessary for sustaining cell homeostasis. It is regulated by several elements such as transcription factors, enhancers, non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs and miRNAs), etc.Methods: We evaluated lncRNAs and miRNAs differentially expressed in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) from the cDNA microarray data set literature survey. Using in silico analyses combined with a review of the current literature, we anticipated identifying lncRNAs and miRNAs that might modulate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Result: The miRNAs and lncRNAs specific to triple-negative breast cancer have been identified based on literature and database searches. Tumorigenesis, metastasis, and EMT were all given special attention. Apart from cross-talk being essential for TNBC tumorigenesis and treatment outcomes, our results indicated eight upregulated and seven downregulated miRNAs and 19 upregulated and three downregulated lncRNAs that can be used as predictive or diagnostic markers. This consolidated information could be useful in the clinic and provide a combined literature resource for TNBC researchers working on the Wnt/β-catenin miRNA/lncRNA axis.Conclusion: In conclusion, because the Wnt pathway and miRNAs/lncRNAs can modulate TNBC, their intertwinement results in a cascade of complex reactions that affect TNBC and related processes. Their function in TNBC pathogenesis has been highlighted in molecular processes underlying the disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Hu
- Department of Breast Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Wanying Xing
- Department of Breast Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Wan Wang,
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16
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Belpaire M, Taminiau A, Geerts D, Rezsohazy R. HOXA1, a breast cancer oncogene. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188747. [PMID: 35675857 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
More than 25 years ago, the first literature records mentioned HOXA1 expression in human breast cancer. A few years later, HOXA1 was confirmed as a proper oncogene in mammary tissue. In the following two decades, molecular data about the mode of action of the HOXA1 protein, the factors contributing to activate and maintain HOXA1 gene expression and the identity of its target genes have accumulated and provide a wider view on the association of this transcription factor to breast oncogenesis. Large-scale transcriptomic data gathered from wide cohorts of patients further allowed refining the relationship between breast cancer type and HOXA1 expression. Several recent reports have reviewed the connection between cancer hallmarks and the biology of HOX genes in general. Here we take HOXA1 as a paradigm and propose an extensive overview of the molecular data centered on this oncoprotein, from what its expression modulators, to the interactors contributing to its oncogenic activities, and to the pathways and genes it controls. The data converge to an intricate picture that answers questions on the multi-modality of its oncogene activities, point towards better understanding of breast cancer aetiology and thereby provides an appraisal for treatment opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Belpaire
- Animal Molecular and Cellular Biology Group (AMCB), Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Taminiau
- Animal Molecular and Cellular Biology Group (AMCB), Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Dirk Geerts
- Heart Failure Research Center, Amsterdam University Medical Center (AMC), Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - René Rezsohazy
- Animal Molecular and Cellular Biology Group (AMCB), Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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17
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Hisamori S, Mukohyama J, Koul S, Hayashi T, Rothenberg ME, Maeda M, Isobe T, Valencia Salazar LE, Qian X, Johnston DM, Qian D, Lao K, Asai N, Kakeji Y, Gennarino VA, Sahoo D, Dalerba P, Shimono Y. Upregulation of BMI1-suppressor miRNAs (miR-200c, miR-203) during terminal differentiation of colon epithelial cells. J Gastroenterol 2022; 57:407-422. [PMID: 35244768 PMCID: PMC10091510 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-022-01865-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of stem cell functions, including self-renewal and differentiation. In this study, we aimed to identify miRNAs that are upregulated during terminal differentiation in the human colon epithelium, and elucidate their role in the mechanistic control of stem cell properties. METHODS "Bottom-of-the-crypt" (EPCAM+/CD44+/CD66alow) and "top-of-the-crypt" (EPCAM+/CD44neg/CD66ahigh) epithelial cells from 8 primary colon specimens (6 human, 2 murine) were purified by flow cytometry and analyzed for differential expression of 335 miRNAs. The miRNAs displaying the highest upregulation in "top-of-the-crypt" (terminally differentiated) epithelial cells were tested for positive correlation and association with survival outcomes in a colon cancer RNA-seq database (n = 439 patients). The two miRNAs with the strongest "top-of-the-crypt" expression profile were evaluated for capacity to downregulate self-renewal effectors and inhibit in vitro proliferation of colon cancer cells, in vitro organoid formation by normal colon epithelial cells and in vivo tumorigenicity by patient-derived xenografts (PDX). RESULTS Six miRNAs (miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-200c, miR-203, miR-210, miR-345) were upregulated in "top-of-the-crypt" cells and positively correlated in expression among colon carcinomas. Overexpression of the three miRNAs with the highest inter-correlation coefficients (miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-200c) associated with improved survival. The top two over-expressed miRNAs (miR-200c, miR-203) cooperated synergistically in suppressing expression of BMI1, a key regulator of self-renewal in stem cell populations, and in inhibiting proliferation, organoid-formation and tumorigenicity of colon epithelial cells. CONCLUSION In the colon epithelium, terminal differentiation associates with the coordinated upregulation of miR-200c and miR-203, which cooperate to suppress BMI1 and disable the expansion capacity of epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeo Hisamori
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 6068507, Japan
| | - Junko Mukohyama
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Department of Medicine (Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases), Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center (HICCC), Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Digestive and Liver Disease Research Center (DLDRC), Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Columbia Stem Cell Initiative (CSCI), Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, 6500017, Japan.,Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic and Gastrointestinal Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare (IUHW), Tokyo, 1088329, Japan
| | - Sanjay Koul
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Department of Medicine (Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases), Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center (HICCC), Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Digestive and Liver Disease Research Center (DLDRC), Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Columbia Stem Cell Initiative (CSCI), Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences and Geology, Queensboro Community College (QCC), City University of New York (CUNY), New York, NY, 11364, USA
| | - Takanori Hayashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, 4701192, Japan
| | - Michael Evan Rothenberg
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Masao Maeda
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, 4701192, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, 4701192, Japan
| | - Taichi Isobe
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Luis Enrique Valencia Salazar
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Department of Medicine (Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases), Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center (HICCC), Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Digestive and Liver Disease Research Center (DLDRC), Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Columbia Stem Cell Initiative (CSCI), Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Xin Qian
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Darius Michael Johnston
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Dalong Qian
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Kaiqin Lao
- Genetic Sciences Division (GSD), Thermo Fisher Scientific, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Naoya Asai
- Department of Pathology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, 4701192, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kakeji
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, 6500017, Japan
| | - Vincenzo Alessandro Gennarino
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Initiative for Columbia Ataxia and Tremor (ICAT), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Debashis Sahoo
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering and Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, CA, 92123, USA
| | - Piero Dalerba
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA. .,Department of Medicine (Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases), Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA. .,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center (HICCC), Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA. .,Digestive and Liver Disease Research Center (DLDRC), Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA. .,Columbia Stem Cell Initiative (CSCI), Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Yohei Shimono
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, 4701192, Japan.
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18
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Gao G, Guo X, Gu W, Lu Y, Chen Z. miRNA-142-3p functions as a potential tumor suppressor directly targeting FAM83D in the development of ovarian cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:3387-3399. [PMID: 35489022 PMCID: PMC9085228 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: FAM83D (family with sequence similarity 83, member D) is of particular interest in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in women all over the world. This study aims to research the association between FAM83D and ovarian cancer (OC). Methods: The gene expression data of OC and normal samples (GSE81873 and GSE27651) was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset. The bioinformatics analysis was performed to distinguish two differentially expressed genes (DEGs), prognostic candidate genes and functional enrichment pathways. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Quantitative Real-time PCR (qPCR), and luciferase reporter assays were utilized for further study. Results: There were 56 DEMs and 63 DEGs in cancer tissues compared to normal tissues. According to the km-plot software, hsa-miR-142-3p and FAM83D were associated with the overall survival of patients with OC. Besides, Multivariate analysis included that hsa-miR-142-3p and FAM83D were independent risk factors for OC patients. Furthermore, qPCR demonstrated that miRNA-142-3p and FAM83D were differentially expressed in normal ovarian tissues (NOTs) and ovarian cancer tissues (OCTs). IHC results indicated that FAM83D was overexpressed in OCTs compared with NOTs. Last but not least, luciferase reporter assays verified that FAM83D was a direct target of hsa-miRNA-142-3p in OC cells. Conclusions: The prognostic model based on the miRNA-mRNA network could provide predictive significance for the prognosis of OC patients, which would be worthy of clinical application. Our results concluded that miR-142-3p and its targets gene FAM83D may be potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for patients with OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Gao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Xiaofei Guo
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Wenyong Gu
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Yufeng Lu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Zhigang Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
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19
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Jing Y, Liang W, Zhang L, Tang J, Huang Z. The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Induction of Cancer-Stem Cell Phenotype. Front Oncol 2022; 12:817971. [PMID: 35251985 PMCID: PMC8891610 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.817971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) modify and form their microenvironment by recruiting and activating specific cell types such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Tumor-infiltrating MSCs help to establish a suitable tumor microenvironment for the restoration of CSCs and tumor progression. In addition, crosstalk between cancer cells and MSCs in the microenvironment induces a CSC phenotype in cancer cells. Many mechanisms are involved in crosstalk between CSCs/cancer cells and MSCs including cell-cell interaction, secretion of exosomes, and paracrine secretion of several molecules including inflammatory mediators, cytokines, and growth factors. Since this crosstalk may contribute to drug resistance, metastasis, and tumor growth, it is suggested that blockade of the crosstalk between MSCs and CSCs/cancer cells can provide a new avenue to improving the cancer therapeutic tools. In this review, we will discuss the role of MSCs in the induction of cancer stem cell phenotype and the restoration of CSCs. We also discuss targeting the crosstalk between MSCs and CSCs/cancer cells as a therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanming Jing
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shaoxing People’s Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Wenqing Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Junjun Tang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zongliang Huang, ; Junjun Tang ,
| | - Zongliang Huang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zongliang Huang, ; Junjun Tang ,
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20
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Zhang Z, Bao Z, Gao P, Yao J, Wang P, Chai D. Diverse Roles of F-BoxProtein3 in Regulation of Various Cellular Functions. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:802204. [PMID: 35127719 PMCID: PMC8807484 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.802204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulated evidence shows that the F-box protein 3 (FBXO3) has multiple biological functions, including regulation of immune pathologies, neuropathic diseases and antiviral response. In this review article, we focus on the role of FBXO3 in inflammatory disorders and human malignancies. We also describe the substrates of FBXO3, which contribute to inflammatory disorders and cancers. We highlight that the high expression of FBXO3 is frequently observed in rheumatoid arthritis, leukemia, pituitary adenoma, and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Moreover, we discuss the regulation of FBXO3 by both carcinogens and cancer preventive agents. Our review provides a comprehensive understanding of the role of FBXO3 in various biological systems and elucidates how FBXO3 regulates substrate ubiquitination and degradation during various physiological and pathological processes. Therefore, FBXO3 can be a novel target in the treatment of human diseases including carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Zhengqi Bao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Penglian Gao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Junyi Yao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Peter Wang
- Bengbu Medical College Key Laboratory of Cancer Research and Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
- *Correspondence: Peter Wang, ; Damin Chai,
| | - Damin Chai
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
- *Correspondence: Peter Wang, ; Damin Chai,
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21
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Chen B, Sun H, Xu S, Mo Q. Long Non-coding RNA TPT1-AS1 Suppresses APC Transcription in a STAT1-Dependent Manner to Increase the Stemness of Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells. Mol Biotechnol 2022; 64:560-574. [PMID: 35022996 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00448-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the major culprits leading to a new level of complexity and the consequential therapy resistance and disease recurrence in colorectal cancer (CRC). This study focuses on the effect of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) TPT1-AS1 and its associated molecules on the stemness maintenance of CRC stem cells. TPT1-AS1 was identified as a significantly upregulated gene in CRC using the GSE146587 dataset. Stem cells from CRC HCT116 and CACO2 cells were isolated. TPT1-AS1 was significantly highly expressed in the CSCs compared to non-stem cells. Downregulation of TPT1-AS1 reduced the stemness of the CRC stem cells. TPT1-AS1 recruited STAT1 to the promoter region of APC to suppress APC transcription. Further upregulation of STAT1 or downregulation of APC blocked the role of TPT1-AS1 silencing and restored the malignant behaviors of CSC stem cells. APC inactivated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Overexpression of STAT1 restored the levels of cyclin D1 and β-catenin in cells suppressed by TPT1-AS1 silencing. In summary, this work demonstrates that TPT1-AS1 recruits STAT1 to suppress APC transcription and increase the stemness of colorectal CSCs via Wnt/β-catenin activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxue Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, No. 168, Gehu Road, Changzhou, 213100, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Haojie Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, No. 168, Gehu Road, Changzhou, 213100, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Suting Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, No. 168, Gehu Road, Changzhou, 213100, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Mo
- Department of General Surgery, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, No. 168, Gehu Road, Changzhou, 213100, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Fu H, Huang F, Liu X, Qiu Y, Zhang W. MVGCN: data integration through multi-view graph convolutional network for predicting links in biomedical bipartite networks. Bioinformatics 2022; 38:426-434. [PMID: 34499148 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btab651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION There are various interaction/association bipartite networks in biomolecular systems. Identifying unobserved links in biomedical bipartite networks helps to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of human complex diseases and thus benefits the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Although a great number of computational methods have been proposed to predict links in biomedical bipartite networks, most of them heavily depend on features and structures involving the bioentities in one specific bipartite network, which limits the generalization capacity of applying the models to other bipartite networks. Meanwhile, bioentities usually have multiple features, and how to leverage them has also been challenging. RESULTS In this study, we propose a novel multi-view graph convolution network (MVGCN) framework for link prediction in biomedical bipartite networks. We first construct a multi-view heterogeneous network (MVHN) by combining the similarity networks with the biomedical bipartite network, and then perform a self-supervised learning strategy on the bipartite network to obtain node attributes as initial embeddings. Further, a neighborhood information aggregation (NIA) layer is designed for iteratively updating the embeddings of nodes by aggregating information from inter- and intra-domain neighbors in every view of the MVHN. Next, we combine embeddings of multiple NIA layers in each view, and integrate multiple views to obtain the final node embeddings, which are then fed into a discriminator to predict the existence of links. Extensive experiments show MVGCN performs better than or on par with baseline methods and has the generalization capacity on six benchmark datasets involving three typical tasks. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION Source code and data can be downloaded from https://github.com/fuhaitao95/MVGCN. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Fu
- College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Feng Huang
- College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yang Qiu
- College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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23
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Bou-Rouphael J, Durand BC. T-Cell Factors as Transcriptional Inhibitors: Activities and Regulations in Vertebrate Head Development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:784998. [PMID: 34901027 PMCID: PMC8651982 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.784998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its first discovery in the late 90s, Wnt canonical signaling has been demonstrated to affect a large variety of neural developmental processes, including, but not limited to, embryonic axis formation, neural proliferation, fate determination, and maintenance of neural stem cells. For decades, studies have focused on the mechanisms controlling the activity of β-catenin, the sole mediator of Wnt transcriptional response. More recently, the spotlight of research is directed towards the last cascade component, the T-cell factor (TCF)/Lymphoid-Enhancer binding Factor (LEF), and more specifically, the TCF/LEF-mediated switch from transcriptional activation to repression, which in both embryonic blastomeres and mouse embryonic stem cells pushes the balance from pluri/multipotency towards differentiation. It has been long known that Groucho/Transducin-Like Enhancer of split (Gro/TLE) is the main co-repressor partner of TCF/LEF. More recently, other TCF/LEF-interacting partners have been identified, including the pro-neural BarH-Like 2 (BARHL2), which belongs to the evolutionary highly conserved family of homeodomain-containing transcription factors. This review describes the activities and regulatory modes of TCF/LEF as transcriptional repressors, with a specific focus on the functions of Barhl2 in vertebrate brain development. Specific attention is given to the transcriptional events leading to formation of the Organizer, as well as the roles and regulations of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in growth of the caudal forebrain. We present TCF/LEF activities in both embryonic and neural stem cells and discuss how alterations of this pathway could lead to tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Béatrice C. Durand
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR7622, IBPS Developmental Biology Laboratory, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
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24
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Li J, Yue H, Li W, Zhu G, Zhu T, Chen R, Lu X. Bevacizumab confers significant improvements in survival for ovarian cancer patients with low miR-25 expression and high miR-142 expression. J Ovarian Res 2021; 14:166. [PMID: 34802430 PMCID: PMC8607647 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-021-00915-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) is the first step of hematogenous metastasis. Exploration of the differential miRNA expression profiles between LVSI-positive and LVSI-negative ovarian cancer tissues may help to identify key miRNAs involved in the hematogenous metastasis of ovarian cancer. This study is aimed to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) that are differentially expressed between LVSI-positive and LVSI-negative ovarian cancer tissues, followed by exploring their association with bevacizumab response in ovarian cancer patients. METHODS The Cancer Genome Altas (TGGA) dataset was used to identify the differentially expressed miRNAs between LVSI-positive and LVSI-negative ovarian cancer tissues. The prognostic value of the differentially expressed miRNAs was determined using GSE140082 dataset. RESULTS We showed that miR-25 and miR-142 were differentially expressed between LVSI-positive and LVSI-negative ovarian cancer tumors. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that high miR-25 expression was associated with increased progression free survival (PFS) and extended overall survival (OS). Moreover, patients with low miR-25 expression benefited significantly from bevacizumab treatment in terms of PFS. A similar trend was observed in terms of OS though without reaching statistical significance. In contrast, no significant survival benefits from bevacizumab were observed in patients with high miR-25 expression in terms of PFS and OS. There was no significant correlation between miR-142 expression and PFS. In contrast, high miR-142 expression was associated with reduced OS. Moreover, patients with high miR-142 expression benefited significantly from bevacizumab treatment in terms of PFS and OS. However, bevacizumab treatment conferred no significant improvements in both PFS and OS in patients with low miR-142 expression. The nomogram for PFS indicated that miR-25 expression had a larger contribution to PFS than debulking status and bevacizumab treatment. And the nomogram for OS illustrated both miR-25 expression and miR-142 expression as sharing a larger contribution to OS than bevacizumab treatment and debulking status. CONCLUSION In conclusion, miR-25 expression correlates with a better PFS and OS in ovarian cancer. Patients with low miR-25 expression and high miR-142 expression could benefit from bevacizumab treatment significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Present Address: Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, No.419, Fangxie Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Huiran Yue
- Present Address: Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, No.419, Fangxie Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Wenzhi Li
- Present Address: Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, No.419, Fangxie Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Guohua Zhu
- Present Address: Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, No.419, Fangxie Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Present Address: Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, No.419, Fangxie Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Ruifang Chen
- Present Address: Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, No.419, Fangxie Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xin Lu
- Present Address: Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, No.419, Fangxie Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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25
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Sun Y, Liu G, Zhang K, Cao Q, Liu T, Li J. Mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes for drug delivery. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:561. [PMID: 34717769 PMCID: PMC8557580 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02629-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by various cells, mainly composed of lipid bilayers without organelles. In recent years, an increasing number of researchers have focused on the use of exosomes for drug delivery. Targeted drug delivery in the body is a promising method for treating many refractory diseases such as tumors and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Finding a suitable drug delivery carrier in the body has become a popular research today. In various drug delivery studies, the exosomes secreted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EXOs) have been broadly researched due to their immune properties, tumor-homing properties, and elastic properties. While MSC-EXOs have apparent advantages, some unresolved problems also exist. This article reviews the studies on MSC-EXOs for drug delivery, summarizes the characteristics of MSC-EXOs, and introduces the primary production and purification methods and drug loading methods to provide solutions for existing problems and suggestions for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Guoliang Liu
- Operating Theater and Department of Anestheology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Qian Cao
- Department of Education, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Tongjun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Jiannan Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, China.
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26
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Prajapati KS, Shuaib M, Kushwaha PP, Singh AK, Kumar S. Identification of cancer stemness related miRNA(s) using integrated bioinformatics analysis and in vitro validation. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:446. [PMID: 34631347 PMCID: PMC8460704 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02994-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The stemness property of cells allows them to sustain their lineage, differentiation, proliferation, and regeneration. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs known to regulate the stemness property of cells by regulating the expression of stem cell signaling pathway proteins at mRNA level. Dysregulated miRNA expression and associated stem cell signaling pathways in normal stem cells give rise to cancer stem cells. Thus, the present study was aimed to identify the miRNAs involved in the regulation of major stem cell signaling pathways. The proteins (n = 36) involved in the signaling pathways viz., Notch, Wnt, JAK-STAT, and Hedgehog which is associated with the stemness property was taken into the consideration. The miRNAs, having binding sites for the targeted protein-encoding gene were predicted using an online tool (TargetScan) and the common miRNA among the test pathways were identified using Venn diagram analysis. A total of 22 common miRNAs (including 8 non-studied miRNAs) were identified which were subjected to target predictions, KEGG pathway, and gene ontology (GO) analysis to study their potential involvement in the stemness process. Further, we studied the clinical relevance of the non-studied miRNAs by performing the survival analysis and their expression levels in clinical breast cancer patients using the TCGA database. The identified miRNAs showed overall poor survival in breast cancer patients. The miR-6844 showed significantly high expression in various clinical subgroups of invasive breast cancer patients compared with the normal samples. The expression levels of identified miRNA(s) were validated in breast normal, luminal A, triple-negative, and stem cells in vitro models using qRT-PCR analysis. Further treatment with the phytochemical showed excellent down regulation of the lead miRNA. Overall the study first time reports the association of four miRNAs (miR-6791, miR-4419a, miR-4251 and miR-6844) with breast cancer stemness. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-021-02994-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumari Sunita Prajapati
- Molecular Signaling & Drug Development Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401 India
| | - Mohd Shuaib
- Molecular Signaling & Drug Development Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401 India
| | - Prem Prakash Kushwaha
- Molecular Signaling & Drug Development Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401 India
| | - Atul Kumar Singh
- Molecular Signaling & Drug Development Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401 India
| | - Shsahank Kumar
- Molecular Signaling & Drug Development Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401 India
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27
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Scioli MG, Terriaca S, Fiorelli E, Storti G, Fabbri G, Cervelli V, Orlandi A. Extracellular Vesicles and Cancer Stem Cells in Tumor Progression: New Therapeutic Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10572. [PMID: 34638913 PMCID: PMC8508599 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor burden is a complex microenvironment where different cell populations coexist and have intense cross-talk. Among them, a heterogeneous population of tumor cells with staminal features are grouped under the definition of cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs are also considered responsible for tumor progression, drug resistance, and disease relapse. Furthermore, CSCs secrete a wide variety of extracellular vesicles (EVs) with different cargos, including proteins, lipids, ssDNA, dsDNA, mRNA, siRNA, or miRNA. EVs are internalized by other cells, orienting the microenvironment toward a protumorigenic and prometastatic one. Given their importance in tumor growth and metastasis, EVs could be exploited as a new therapeutic target. The inhibition of biogenesis, release, or uptake of EVs could represent an efficacious strategy to impair the cross-talk between CSCs and other cells present in the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, natural or synthetic EVs could represent suitable carriers for drugs or bioactive molecules to target specific cell populations, including CSCs. This review will discuss the role of CSCs and EVs in tumor growth, progression, and metastasis and how they affect drug resistance and disease relapse. Furthermore, we will analyze the potential role of EVs as a target or vehicle of new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giovanna Scioli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Anatomic Pathology Institute, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy; (M.G.S.); (S.T.); (E.F.); (G.F.)
| | - Sonia Terriaca
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Anatomic Pathology Institute, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy; (M.G.S.); (S.T.); (E.F.); (G.F.)
| | - Elena Fiorelli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Anatomic Pathology Institute, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy; (M.G.S.); (S.T.); (E.F.); (G.F.)
| | - Gabriele Storti
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy; (G.S.); (V.C.)
| | - Giulia Fabbri
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Anatomic Pathology Institute, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy; (M.G.S.); (S.T.); (E.F.); (G.F.)
| | - Valerio Cervelli
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy; (G.S.); (V.C.)
| | - Augusto Orlandi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Anatomic Pathology Institute, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy; (M.G.S.); (S.T.); (E.F.); (G.F.)
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28
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Sharma A, Mir R, Galande S. Epigenetic Regulation of the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Cancer. Front Genet 2021; 12:681053. [PMID: 34552611 PMCID: PMC8450413 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.681053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies over the past four decades have elucidated the role of Wnt/β-catenin mediated regulation in cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. These processes are fundamental to embryonic development, regeneration potential of tissues, as well as cancer initiation and progression. In this review, we focus on the epigenetic players which influence the Wnt/β-catenin pathway via modulation of its components and coordinated regulation of the Wnt target genes. The role played by crosstalk with other signaling pathways mediating tumorigenesis is also elaborated. The Hippo/YAP pathway is particularly emphasized due to its extensive crosstalk via the Wnt destruction complex. Further, we highlight the recent advances in developing potential therapeutic interventions targeting the epigenetic machinery based on the characterization of these regulatory networks for effective treatment of various cancers and also for regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Sharma
- Centre of Excellence in Epigenetics, Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India
| | - Rafeeq Mir
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Sanjeev Galande
- Centre of Excellence in Epigenetics, Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India.,Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Greater Noida, India
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29
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Circulating exosomal miRNAs and cancer early diagnosis. Clin Transl Oncol 2021; 24:393-406. [PMID: 34524618 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02706-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Microribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are small non-coding ribonucleic acids (ncRNAs), which can affect recognition of homologous sequences and interfere with transcription. It plays key roles in the initiation, development, resistance, metastasis or recurrence of cancers. Identifying circulatory indicators will positively improve the prognosis and quality of life of patients with early cancer. Previous studies have shown that miRNA is highly involved in cancer. In addition, miRNA derived from cancers can be encapsulated as exosomes and further extracted into circulatory systems to realize malignant functions. It indicates that circulating exosome-derived miRNAs have the potential to replace conventional biomarkers as cancer derived exosomes carrying miRNAs can be identified by specific markers and might be more stable and accurate for early diagnosis.
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30
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Mizuno M, Khaledian B, Maeda M, Hayashi T, Mizuno S, Munetsuna E, Watanabe T, Kono S, Okada S, Suzuki M, Takao S, Minami H, Asai N, Sugiyama F, Takahashi S, Shimono Y. Adipsin-Dependent Secretion of Hepatocyte Growth Factor Regulates the Adipocyte-Cancer Stem Cell Interaction. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13164238. [PMID: 34439392 PMCID: PMC8393397 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Obesity, which is characterized by the excess of adipose tissue, is associated with an increased risk of multiple cancers. We have previously reported that adipsin, a secreted factor from adipocytes, enhances cancer cell proliferation and stem cell properties. In this study, we found that adipsin affected adipocytes themselves and enhanced their secretion of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). We found that HGF enhanced the adipocyte-cancer cell interactions as a downstream effector of adipsin. Understanding the adipocyte-cancer cell interaction will provide a novel strategy to treat cancers whose initiation, invasion, and metastatic progression are associated with adipose tissues. Abstract Adipose tissue is a component of the tumor microenvironment and is involved in tumor progression. We have previously shown that adipokine adipsin (CFD) functions as an enhancer of tumor proliferation and cancer stem cell (CSC) properties in breast cancers. We established the Cfd-knockout (KO) mice and the mammary adipose tissue-derived stem cells (mADSCs) from them. Cfd-KO in mADSCs significantly reduced their ability to enhance tumorsphere formation of breast cancer patient-derived xenograft (PDX) cells, which was restored by the addition of Cfd in the culture medium. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) was expressed and secreted from mADSCs in a Cfd-dependent manner. HGF rescued the reduced ability of Cfd-KO mADSCs to promote tumorsphere formation in vitro and tumor formation in vivo by breast cancer PDX cells. These results suggest that HGF is a downstream effector of Cfd in mADSCs that enhances the CSC properties in breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Mizuno
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 4701192, Japan or (M.M.); (B.K.); (M.M.); (T.H.); (E.M.); (T.W.)
| | - Behnoush Khaledian
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 4701192, Japan or (M.M.); (B.K.); (M.M.); (T.H.); (E.M.); (T.W.)
| | - Masao Maeda
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 4701192, Japan or (M.M.); (B.K.); (M.M.); (T.H.); (E.M.); (T.W.)
- Department of Pathology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 4701192, Japan;
| | - Takanori Hayashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 4701192, Japan or (M.M.); (B.K.); (M.M.); (T.H.); (E.M.); (T.W.)
| | - Seiya Mizuno
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 3058575, Japan; (S.M.); (F.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Eiji Munetsuna
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 4701192, Japan or (M.M.); (B.K.); (M.M.); (T.H.); (E.M.); (T.W.)
| | - Takashi Watanabe
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 4701192, Japan or (M.M.); (B.K.); (M.M.); (T.H.); (E.M.); (T.W.)
| | - Seishi Kono
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 6500017, Japan; (S.K.); (S.T.)
| | - Seiji Okada
- Division of Hematopoiesis, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 8600811, Japan;
| | - Motoshi Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 4701192, Japan;
| | - Shintaro Takao
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 6500017, Japan; (S.K.); (S.T.)
| | - Hironobu Minami
- Division of Medical Oncology/Hematology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 6500017, Japan;
| | - Naoya Asai
- Department of Pathology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 4701192, Japan;
| | - Fumihiro Sugiyama
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 3058575, Japan; (S.M.); (F.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 3058575, Japan; (S.M.); (F.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Yohei Shimono
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 4701192, Japan or (M.M.); (B.K.); (M.M.); (T.H.); (E.M.); (T.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-562-932-450
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Chang J, Xavier HW, Chen D, Liu Y, Li H, Bian Z. Potential Role of Traditional Chinese Medicines by Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway Compared With Targeted Small Molecules in Colorectal Cancer Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:690501. [PMID: 34381360 PMCID: PMC8350388 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.690501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has become a global public health problem because of its high incidence and mortality rate worldwide. The previous clinical treatment for CRC mainly involves conventional surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. With the development of tumor molecular targeted therapy, small molecule inhibitors present a great advantage in improving the survival of patients with advanced CRC. However, various side effects and drug resistance induced by chemotherapy are still the major obstacles to improve the clinical benefit. Thus, it is crucial to find new and alternative drugs for CRC treatment. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have been proved to have low toxicity and multi-target characteristics. In the last few decades, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated that TCMs exhibit strong anticancer effects in both experimental and clinical models and may serve as alternative chemotherapy agents for CRC treatment. Notably, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a vital role in the initiation and progression of CRC by modulating the stability of β-catenin in the cytoplasm. Targeting Wnt/β-catenin pathway is a novel direction for developing therapies for CRC. In this review, we outlined the anti-tumor effects of small molecular inhibitors on CRC through Wnt/β-catenin pathway. More importantly, we focused on the potential role of TCMs against tumors by targeting Wnt/β-catenin signaling at different stages of CRC, including precancerous lesions, early stage of CRC and advanced CRC. Furthermore, we also discussed perspectives to develop potential new drugs from TCMs via Wnt/β-catenin pathway for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinrong Chang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Dongfeng Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yamei Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Bian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
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32
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Delivery of LNA-antimiR-142-3p by Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosomes to Breast Cancer Stem Cells Reduces Tumorigenicity. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 16:541-556. [PMID: 31898802 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-019-09944-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes, nano-sized cell-derived vesicles, have been employed as non-synthetic carriers of various pharmaceutics in numerous studies. As higher expression levels of miR-142-3p and miR-150 in breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are associated with their clonogenic and tumorigenic capabilities, the present study aims to exploit the mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes (MSCs-Exo) to deliver LNA-antimiR-142-3p into MCF7-derived cancer stem-like cells to suppress expression levels of miR-142-3p and miR-150 in order to reduce clonogenicity and tumorigenicity. Our results indicated that the MSCs-Exo can efficiently deliver the LNA-antimiR-142-3p to breast cancer stem-like cells to reduce the miR-142-3p and miR-150 expression levels. Furthermore, the inhibition of the oncomiRs with the delivery of LNA-antimiR-142-3p resulted in a significant reduction of clone-formation and tumor-initiating abilities of the MCF7-derived cancer stem-like cells. In conclusion, we showed that MSCs-derived exosomes could be used as a feasible nanovehicles to deliver RNA-based therapeutics into BCSCs to improve the cancer treatment. HIGHLIGHTS: Exosomes secreted by bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells efficiently transfer the LNA-antimiR-142-3p to breast cancer stem cells. Exosomes-mediated delivery of LNA-antimiR-142-3p to the breast cancer stem cells leads to downregulation of miR-142-3p and miR-150 and the overexpression of target genes. Delivery of LNA-antimiR-142-3p by the exosomes reduces the colony formation capability of breast cancer stem cells in vitro. Inhibition of miR-142-3p and miR-150 by the LNA-antimiR-142-3p loaded exosomes reduces the tumorigenicity of breast cancer stem cells in vivo.
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33
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Mansoori B, Duijf PHG, Mohammadi A, Safarzadeh E, Ditzel HJ, Gjerstorff MF, Cho WCS, Baradaran B. MiR-142-3p targets HMGA2 and suppresses breast cancer malignancy. Life Sci 2021; 276:119431. [PMID: 33785332 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have the ability to regulate gene expression programs in cells. Hence, altered expression of miRNAs significantly contributes to breast cancer development and progression. Here, we demonstrate that the miRNA miR-142-3p directly targets the 3' untranslated region of HMGA2, which encodes an onco-embryonic protein that is overexpressed in most cancers, including breast cancer. Down regulation of miR-142-3p predicting poor patient survival in grade 3 breast cancer (P-value = 0.045). MiR-142-3p downregulates HMGA2 mRNA and protein levels. Higher miR-142-3p and lower HMGA2 expressed are found in breast cancer versus normal breast tissue (P-value<0.05), and their levels inversely correlate in breast cancers (P-value = 1.46 × 10-4). We demonstrate that miR-142-3p induces apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest in breast cancer cells. In addition, it inhibits breast cancer stem cell properties and decreases SOX2, NANOG, ALDH and c-Myc expression. MiR-142-3p also decreases cell proliferation through inhibition of the ERK/AKT/STAT3 signaling pathways. Finally, pathway analyses of patient samples suggest that these mechanisms also acting in the tumors of breast cancer patients. Thus, our work identifies HMGA2 as a direct miR-142-3p target and indicates that miR-142-3p is an important suppressor of breast cancer oncogenesis. This identifies miR-142-3p may candidate as a therapeutic molecule for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Mansoori
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Aging Research Institute, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Pascal H G Duijf
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Elham Safarzadeh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Henrik J Ditzel
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Academy of Geriatric Cancer Research (AgeCare), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Morten F Gjerstorff
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Academy of Geriatric Cancer Research (AgeCare), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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LncRNAs and microRNAs as Essential Regulators of Stemness in Breast Cancer Stem Cells. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030380. [PMID: 33802575 PMCID: PMC7998729 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is an aggressive disease with a high incidence in women worldwide. Two decades ago, a controversial hypothesis was proposed that cancer arises from a subpopulation of “tumor initiating cells” or “cancer stem cells-like” (CSC). Today, CSC are defined as small subset of somatic cancer cells within a tumor with self-renewal properties driven by the aberrant expression of genes involved in the maintenance of a stemness-like phenotype. The understanding of the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the maintenance of CSC subpopulation are fundamental in the development and persistence of breast cancer. Nowadays, the hypothesis suggests that genetic and epigenetic alterations give rise to breast cancer stem cells (bCSC), which are responsible for self-renewal, tumor growth, chemoresistance, poor prognosis and low survival in patients. However, the prominence of bCSC, as well as the molecular mechanisms that regulates and promotes the malignant phenotypes, are still poorly understood. The role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) acting as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes has been recently highlighted by a plethora of studies in breast cancer. These ncRNAs positively or negatively impact on different signaling pathways that govern the cancer hallmarks associated with bCSC, making them attractive targets for therapy. In this review, we present a current summary of the studies on the pivotal roles of lncRNAs and microRNAs in the regulation of genes associated to stemness of bCSC.
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35
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Zhang W, Li Z, Guo W, Yang W, Huang F. A Fast Linear Neighborhood Similarity-Based Network Link Inference Method to Predict MicroRNA-Disease Associations. IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS 2021; 18:405-415. [PMID: 31369383 DOI: 10.1109/tcbb.2019.2931546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidences revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in important biological processes. The identification of disease-related miRNAs is critical to understand the molecular mechanisms of human diseases. Most existing computational methods require diverse features to predict miRNA-disease associations. However, diverse features are not available for all miRNAs or diseases. In addition, most methods can't predict links for miRNAs or diseases without association information. In this paper, we propose a fast linear neighborhood similarity-based network link inference method, named FLNSNLI, to predict miRNA-disease associations. First, known miRNA-disease associations are formulated as a bipartite network, and miRNAs (or diseases) are expressed as association profiles. Second, miRNA-miRNA similarity and disease-disease similarity are calculated by fast linear neighborhood similarity measure and association profiles. Third, the label propagation algorithm is respectively implemented on two sides to score candidate miRNA-disease associations. Finally, FLNSNLI adopts the weighted average strategy and makes predictions. Moreover, we develop a link complementing approach, and extend FLNSNLI to predict links for miRNAs (or diseases) without known associations. In computational experiments, FLNSNLI produces high-accuracy performances, and outperforms other state-of-the-art methods. More importantly, FLNSNLI requires less information but performs well. Case studies on three popular diseases show that FLNSNLI is useful for the microRNA-disease association prediction.
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36
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Prognostic value of miR-142 in solid tumors: a meta-analysis. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:227872. [PMID: 33600577 PMCID: PMC7921291 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20204043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies on the prognostic value of microRNA 142 (miR-142) in solid tumors have reported conflicting results. Therefore, the aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the relationship between the miR-142 and prognosis in solid tumors. A comprehensive search for relevant studies was conducted until 10 November 2020. Studies that investigated the prognostic significance of the miR-142 in solid tumors were included. The hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated using a random-effects model. All data analyses were performed using the STATA 12.0 software (Stata Corporation, College Station, TX, U.S.A.). Twenty articles involving 2451 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that high miR-142 expression was a better predictor of overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.47–0.93) and disease-free/progression-free/recurrence-free survival (DFS/PFS/RFS) (HR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.55–0.91) compared with low miR-142 expression. MiR-142 can be used as an effective prognostic marker for patients with solid tumors. Future large prospective studies are warranted to further confirm the present findings.
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Hinman JD, Ngo KJ, Kim D, Chen C, Abraham CR, Ghanbari M, Ikram MA, Kushner SA, Kawaguchi R, Coppola G, Goth K, Bellusci S, Hernandez I, Kosik KS, Fogel BL. miR-142-3p regulates cortical oligodendrocyte gene co-expression networks associated with tauopathy. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:103-118. [PMID: 33555315 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes exist in a heterogenous state and are implicated in multiple neuropsychiatric diseases including dementia. Cortical oligodendrocytes are a glial population uniquely positioned to play a key role in neurodegeneration by synchronizing circuit connectivity but molecular pathways specific to this role are lacking. We utilized oligodendrocyte-specific translating ribosome affinity purification and RNA-seq (TRAP-seq) to transcriptionally profile adult mature oligodendrocytes from different regions of the central nervous system. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis reveals distinct region-specific gene networks. Two of these mature myelinating oligodendrocyte gene networks uniquely define cortical oligodendrocytes and differentially regulate cortical myelination (M8) and synaptic signaling (M4). These two cortical oligodendrocyte gene networks are enriched for genes associated with dementia including MAPT and include multiple gene targets of the regulatory microRNA, miR-142-3p. Using a combination of TRAP-qPCR, miR-142-3p overexpression in vitro, and miR-142-null mice, we show that miR-142-3p negatively regulates cortical myelination. In rTg4510 tau-overexpressing mice, cortical myelination is compromised, and tau-mediated neurodegeneration is associated with gene co-expression networks that recapitulate both the M8 and M4 cortical oligodendrocyte gene networks identified from normal cortex. We further demonstrate overlapping gene networks in mature oligodendrocytes present in normal cortex, rTg4510 and miR-142-null mice, and existing datasets from human tauopathies to provide evidence for a critical role of miR-142-3p-regulated cortical myelination and oligodendrocyte-mediated synaptic signaling in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason D Hinman
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Kathie J Ngo
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Deborah Kim
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Cidi Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - Carmela R Abraham
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118 USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam 3000 CA, The Netherlands.,Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 13131 - 99137, Iran
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Steven A Kushner
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Riki Kawaguchi
- Informatics Center for Neurogenetics and Neurogenomics, Semel Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Giovanni Coppola
- Informatics Center for Neurogenetics and Neurogenomics, Semel Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Kerstin Goth
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Justus Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Justus Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Israel Hernandez
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Kenneth S Kosik
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Brent L Fogel
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.,Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
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Das PK, Siddika MA, Asha SY, Aktar S, Rakib MA, Khanam JA, Pillai S, Islam F. MicroRNAs, a Promising Target for Breast Cancer Stem Cells. Mol Diagn Ther 2021; 24:69-83. [PMID: 31758333 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-019-00439-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Reactivation of the stem cell programme in breast cancer is significantly associated with persistent cancer progression and therapeutic failure. Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are involved in the process of breast cancer initiation, metastasis and cancer relapse. Among the various important cues found in the formation and progression of BCSCs, microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) play a pivotal role by regulating the expression of various tumour suppressor genes or oncogenes. Accordingly, there is evidence that miRNAs are associated with BCSC self-renewal, differentiation, invasion, metastasis and therapy resistance, and therefore cancer recurrence. miRNAs execute their roles by regulating the expression of stemness markers, activation of signalling pathways or their components and regulation of transcription networks in BCSCs. Therefore, a better understanding of the association between BCSCs and miRNAs has the potential to help design more effective and safer therapeutic solutions against breast cancer. Thus, an miRNA-based therapeutic strategy may open up new horizons for the treatment of breast cancer in the future. In view of this, we present the progress to date of miRNA research associated with stemness marker expression, signalling pathways and activation of transcription networks to regulate the self-renewal, differentiation and therapy resistance properties of BCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Plabon Kumar Das
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Mst Ayesha Siddika
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Saharia Yeasmin Asha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Suraiya Aktar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdur Rakib
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Jahan Ara Khanam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Suja Pillai
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Farhadul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh. .,Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, 4222, Australia.
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Kong F, Li X, Li S, Sheng D, Li W, Song M. MicroRNA-15a-5p promotes the proliferation and invasion of T98G glioblastoma cells via targeting cell adhesion molecule 1. Oncol Lett 2020; 21:103. [PMID: 33376536 PMCID: PMC7751353 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a type of malignant tumor occurring in the brain that severely influences the life of affected individuals. GBM cells are highly infiltrative, which is one of the main obstacles in the treatment of the disease. Numerous microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are associated with the development of GBM. However, the effects of miR-15a-5p on GBM remain elusive. In the present study, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analysis were applied for the detection of RNA and protein levels, respectively. Cell Counting Kit-8 and Transwell assays were performed to examine cell proliferation and invasion, respectively. TargetScan 7.1 and dual-luciferase reporter assay were utilized for the prediction and verification of the association between miRNAs and mRNAs. The present study revealed that miR-15a-5p expression was upregulated in the GBM T98G cell line. The results further demonstrated that, through the inhibition of cell adhesion molecule 1 expression and the promotion of Akt phosphorylation, miR-15a-5p was able to promote GBM cell proliferation and invasion. Overall, the present findings revealed a novel mechanism responsible for the development of GBM and provided an experimental basis for the diagnosis and treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanqiang Kong
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Shuhong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Dan Sheng
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Wenhu Li
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Mingming Song
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
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Inhibition of the Wnt Signalling Pathway: An Avenue to Control Breast Cancer Aggressiveness. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239069. [PMID: 33260642 PMCID: PMC7730964 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common tumour in women. Although the introduction of novel therapeutic approaches in clinical practice has dramatically improved the clinical outcome of BC patients, this malignant disease remains the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The wingless/integrated (Wnt) signalling pathway represents a crucial molecular node relevantly implicated in the regulation of normal somatic stem cells as well as cancer stem cell (CSC) traits and the epithelial–mesenchymal transition cell program. Accordingly, Wnt signalling is heavily dysregulated in BC, and the altered expression of different Wnt genes is significantly associated with cancer-related aggressive behaviours. For all these reasons, Wnt signalling represents a promising therapeutic target currently under clinical investigation to achieve cancer eradication by eliminating CSCs, considered by most to be responsible for tumour initiation, relapse, and drug resistance. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge on the Wnt signalling pathway in BC and have presented evidence implicating the suitability of Wnt targeting in an attempt to improve the outcome of patients without affecting the normal somatic stem cell population.
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Sharma M, Pruitt K. Wnt Pathway: An Integral Hub for Developmental and Oncogenic Signaling Networks. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8018. [PMID: 33126517 PMCID: PMC7663720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt pathway is an integral cell-to-cell signaling hub which regulates crucial development processes and maintenance of tissue homeostasis by coordinating cell proliferation, differentiation, cell polarity, cell movement, and stem cell renewal. When dysregulated, it is associated with various developmental diseases, fibrosis, and tumorigenesis. We now better appreciate the complexity and crosstalk of the Wnt pathway with other signaling cascades. Emerging roles of the Wnt signaling in the cancer stem cell niche and drug resistance have led to development of therapeutics specifically targeting various Wnt components, with some agents currently in clinical trials. This review highlights historical and recent findings on key mediators of Wnt signaling and how they impact antitumor immunity and maintenance of cancer stem cells. This review also examines current therapeutics being developed that modulate Wnt signaling in cancer and discusses potential shortcomings associated with available therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kevin Pruitt
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA;
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42
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Yanagi H, Watanabe T, Nishimura T, Hayashi T, Kono S, Tsuchida H, Hirata M, Kijima Y, Takao S, Okada S, Suzuki M, Imaizumi K, Kawada K, Minami H, Gotoh N, Shimono Y. Upregulation of S100A10 in metastasized breast cancer stem cells. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:4359-4370. [PMID: 32976661 PMCID: PMC7734155 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic progression remains the major cause of death in human breast cancer. Cancer cells with cancer stem cell (CSC) properties drive initiation and growth of metastases at distant sites. We have previously established the breast cancer patient‐derived tumor xenograft (PDX) mouse model in which CSC marker CD44+ cancer cells formed spontaneous microscopic metastases in the liver. In this PDX mouse, the expression levels of S100A10 and its family proteins were much higher in the CD44+ cancer cells metastasized to the liver than those at the primary site. Knockdown of S100A10 in breast cancer cells suppressed and overexpression of S100A10 in breast cancer PDX cells enhanced their invasion abilities and 3D organoid formation capacities in vitro. Mechanistically, S100A10 regulated the matrix metalloproteinase activity and the expression levels of stem cell–related genes. Finally, constitutive knockdown of S100A10 significantly reduced their metastatic ability to the liver in vivo. These findings suggest that S100A10 functions as a metastasis promoter of breast CSCs by conferring both invasion ability and CSC properties in breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisano Yanagi
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan.,Department of Medical Oncology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Takashi Watanabe
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Nishimura
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takanori Hayashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Seishi Kono
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hitomi Tsuchida
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Munetsugu Hirata
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yuko Kijima
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Shintaro Takao
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Seiji Okada
- Division of Hematopoiesis, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Motoshi Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Imaizumi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Kenji Kawada
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hironobu Minami
- Division of Medical Oncology/Hematology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Noriko Gotoh
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yohei Shimono
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan.,Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.,Division of Medical Oncology/Hematology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway as Chemotherapeutic Target in Breast Cancer: An Update on Pros and Cons. Clin Breast Cancer 2020; 20:361-370. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Ko CCH, Chia WK, Selvarajah GT, Cheah YK, Wong YP, Tan GC. The Role of Breast Cancer Stem Cell-Related Biomarkers as Prognostic Factors. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10090721. [PMID: 32961774 PMCID: PMC7555329 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10090721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide, and its incidence is on the rise. A small fraction of cancer stem cells was identified within the tumour bulk, which are regarded as cancer-initiating cells, possess self-renewal and propagation potential, and a key driver for tumour heterogeneity and disease progression. Cancer heterogeneity reduces the overall efficacy of chemotherapy and contributes to treatment failure and relapse. The cell-surface and subcellular biomarkers related to breast cancer stem cell (BCSC) phenotypes are increasingly being recognised. These biomarkers are useful for the isolation of BCSCs and can serve as potential therapeutic targets and prognostic tools to monitor treatment responses. Recently, the role of noncoding microRNAs (miRNAs) has extensively been explored as novel biomarker molecules for breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis with high specificity and sensitivity. An in-depth understanding of the biological roles of miRNA in breast carcinogenesis provides insights into the pathways of cancer development and its utility for disease prognostication. This review gives an overview of stem cells, highlights the biomarkers expressed in BCSCs and describes their potential role as prognostic indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarence Ching Huat Ko
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; (C.C.H.K.); (W.K.C.)
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia;
| | - Wai Kit Chia
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; (C.C.H.K.); (W.K.C.)
| | - Gayathri Thevi Selvarajah
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia;
- Institute of Biosciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Yoke Kqueen Cheah
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia;
- Institute of Biosciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Yin Ping Wong
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; (C.C.H.K.); (W.K.C.)
- Correspondence: (Y.P.W.); (G.C.T.); Tel.: +603-91459508 (Y.P.W.); +603-91455362 (G.C.T.)
| | - Geok Chin Tan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; (C.C.H.K.); (W.K.C.)
- Correspondence: (Y.P.W.); (G.C.T.); Tel.: +603-91459508 (Y.P.W.); +603-91455362 (G.C.T.)
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Hou J, Zhao N, Zhu P, Chang J, Du Y, Shen W. Irradiated mesenchymal stem cells support stemness maintenance of hepatocellular carcinoma stem cells through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Cell Biosci 2020; 10:93. [PMID: 32774840 PMCID: PMC7398068 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00449-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer stem cells are the main reason of relapse, metastasis and resistance to anti-cancer therapies of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an important part of the tumor microenvironment. MSCs have been demonstrated to be involved in drug resistance in tumor. How MSCs contribute to radiotherapy resistance of HCC is still indistinct. Methods Flow cytometry analysis was performed to isolate CD133+ cells from HCC cell lines Huh7 and PLC. The stemness of Huh7-CD133 and PLC-CD133 those were co-cultured with IR-MSCs were investigated by Colony formation assay. Tumor formation in nude mice was used to explore the tumorigenicity of CD133+ cancer cells. The activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in CSCs were also detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting. Results We report that irradiated MSCs (IR-MSCs) could increase the ratio of CD133+ cells in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. IR-MSCs could promote stemness maintenance of HCC stem cells. After co-cultured with IR-MSCs, liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) presented increased colony formation ability and tumor formation ability. We also found IR-MSCs promoted Wnt expression of CSCs. Reverse suppression experiment showed that when Wnt inhibitor was added into the culture medium, the effect of IR-MSCs on stemness maintenance was counteracted. Conclusions These data showed that IR-MSCs could support stemness maintenance of CSCs by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hou
- GCP Office, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092 People's Republic of China
| | - Naping Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Pengxi Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Naval Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Jun Chang
- GCP Office, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092 People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Du
- GCP Office, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Shen
- GCP Office, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092 People's Republic of China
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Luo B, Yang J, Yuan Y, Hao P, Cheng X. MicroRNA-142 regulates osteoblast differentiation and apoptosis of mouse pre-osteoblast cells by targeting bone morphogenetic protein 2. FEBS Open Bio 2020; 10:1793-1801. [PMID: 32652747 PMCID: PMC7459402 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common disease that can seriously impair the physical and mental health of the elderly. However, current treatment is unsatisfactory due to the lack of effective therapeutic targets. Abnormal expression and involvement of microRNA‐142 (miR‐142) have been identified in many diseases, including bone‐related diseases. Herein, we explored the effect of miR‐142 on the viability, differentiation and apoptosis of the mouse preosteoblast cell line MC3T3‐E1. We observed that the viability of MC3T3‐E1 cells was significantly inhibited or promoted after transfection of miR‐142 mimic or inhibitor, respectively. The apoptotic rate was dramatically increased by miR‐142 mimic and decreased by inhibitor compared with the negative control group. Bcl‐2 expression was down‐regulated in the miR‐142 mimic group and up‐regulated in the miR‐142 inhibitor group, whereas levels of cleaved caspase‐3 and Bax were increased in the miR‐142 mimic group and reduced in the miR‐142 inhibitor group. Expression changes of Runx2 and Osteocalcin suggest that miR‐142 inhibits the differentiation of osteoblast cells. Moreover, the luciferase reporter assay was used to verify that bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) is a target of miR‐142. Overexpression of BMP2 repressed the proapoptotic effect of miR‐142 mimic, whereas knockdown of BMP2 abolished the inhibitory effect of miR‐142 inhibitor on the apoptosis of MC3T3‐E1 cells. Furthermore, up‐regulation or down‐regulation of miR‐142 dramatically decreased or increased the ratio of p‐Smad1/5/Smad1 and p‐Smad1/5/Smad5, respectively. Collectively, our results imply that miR‐142 might influence the viability and differentiation of osteoblast cells by regulating BMP2 and BMP/Smad signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jiafu Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Pandeng Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
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47
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FCGCNMDA: predicting miRNA-disease associations by applying fully connected graph convolutional networks. Mol Genet Genomics 2020; 295:1197-1209. [DOI: 10.1007/s00438-020-01693-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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48
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Dissecting miRNA facilitated physiology and function in human breast cancer for therapeutic intervention. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 72:46-64. [PMID: 32497683 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key epigenomic regulators of biological processes in animals and plants. These small non coding RNAs form a complex networks that regulate cellular function and development. MiRNAs prevent translation by either inactivation or inducing degradation of mRNA, a major concern in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Aberrant regulation of gene expression by miRNAs is frequently observed in cancer. Overexpression of various 'oncomiRs' and silencing of tumor suppressor miRNAs are associated with various types of human cancers, although overall downregulation of miRNA expression is reported as a hallmark of cancer. Modulations of the total pool of cellular miRNA by alteration in genetic and epigenetic factors associated with the biogenesis of miRNA machinery. It also depends on the availability of cellular miRNAs from its store in the organelles which affect tumor development and cancer progression. Here, we have dissected the roles and pathways of various miRNAs during normal cellular and molecular functions as well as during breast cancer progression. Recent research works and prevailing views implicate that there are two major types of miRNAs; (i) intracellular miRNAs and (ii) extracellular miRNAs. Concept, that the functions of intracellular miRNAs are driven by cellular organelles in mammalian cells. Extracellular miRNAs function in cell-cell communication in extracellular spaces and distance cells through circulation. A detailed understanding of organelle driven miRNA function and the precise role of extracellular miRNAs, pre- and post-therapeutic implications of miRNAs in this scenario would open several avenues for further understanding of miRNA function and can be better exploited for the treatment of breast cancers.
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49
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Shibuya N, Kakeji Y, Shimono Y. MicroRNA-93 targets WASF3 and functions as a metastasis suppressor in breast cancer. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:2093-2103. [PMID: 32307765 PMCID: PMC7293106 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells with cancer stem cell (CSC) properties initiate both primary tumor formation and metastases at distant sites. Acquisition of CSC properties is highly associated with epigenetic alterations, including those mediated by microRNAs (miRNAs). We have previously established the breast cancer patient‐derived tumor xenograft (PDX) mouse model in which CSC marker CD44+ cancer cells formed spontaneous microscopic metastases in the liver. In this PDX mouse, we found that the expression levels of 3 miRNAs (miR‐25, miR‐93, and miR‐106b) in the miR‐106b‐25 cluster were much lower in the CD44+ human cancer cells metastasized to the liver than those at the primary site. Constitutive overexpression of miR‐93 suppressed invasive ability and 3D‐organoid formation capacity of breast cancer cells in vitro and significantly suppressed their metastatic ability to the liver in vivo. Wiskott‐Aldrich syndrome protein family member 3 (WASF3), a regulator of both cytoskeleton remodeling and CSC properties, was identified as a functional target of miR‐93: overexpression of miR‐93 reduced the protein level of WASF3 in breast cancer cells and WASF3 rescued the miR‐93‐mediated suppression of breast cancer cell invasion. These findings suggest that miR‐93 functions as a metastasis suppressor by suppressing both invasion ability and CSC properties in breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Shibuya
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.,Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kakeji
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yohei Shimono
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
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50
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Cai L, Chao G, Li W, Zhu J, Li F, Qi B, Wei Y, Chen S, Zhou G, Lu X, Xu J, Wu X, Fan G, Li J, Liu S. Activated CD4 + T cells-derived exosomal miR-142-3p boosts post-ischemic ventricular remodeling by activating myofibroblast. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:7380-7396. [PMID: 32327611 PMCID: PMC7202529 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a primary phenotype of cardiac remodeling that contributes to cardiac dysfunction and heart failure. The expansion and activation of CD4+ T cells in the heart has been identified to facilitate pathological cardiac remodeling and dysfunction; however, the underlying mechanisms remained not well clarified. Herein, we found that exosomes derived from activated CD4+ T cells (CD4-activated Exos) evoked pro-fibrotic effects of cardiac fibroblasts, and their delivery into the heart aggravated cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction post-infarction. Mechanistically, miR-142-3p that was enriched in CD4-activated Exos recapitulated the pro-fibrotic effects of CD4-activated Exos in cardiac fibroblasts, and vice versa. Furthermore, miR-142-3p directly targeted and inhibited the expression of Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC), a negative WNT signaling pathway regulator, contributing to the activation of WNT signaling pathway and cardiac fibroblast activation. Thus, CD4-activated Exos promote post-ischemic cardiac fibrosis through exosomal miR-142-3p-WNT signaling cascade-mediated activation of myofibroblasts. Targeting miR-142-3p in CD4-activated Exos may hold promise for treating cardiac remodeling post-MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Hongkou District, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Gong Chao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Hongkou District, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Weifeng Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Hongkou District, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jumo Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Hongkou District, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Baozhen Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Yong Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Hongkou District, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Songwen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Hongkou District, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Genqing Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Hongkou District, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiaofeng Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Hongkou District, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Juan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Hongkou District, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Hongkou District, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Guangjian Fan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Jun Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Shaowen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Hongkou District, Shanghai 201620, China
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