1
|
Barlow LA. Development of ectodermal and endodermal taste buds. Dev Biol 2025; 518:20-27. [PMID: 39486632 PMCID: PMC11703678 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 09/20/2024] [Accepted: 10/27/2024] [Indexed: 11/04/2024]
Abstract
The sense of taste is mediated primarily by taste buds on the tongue. These multicellular sensory organs are induced, patterned and become innervated during embryogenesis such that a functional taste system is present at birth when animals begin to feed. While taste buds have been considered ectodermal appendages, this is only partly accurate as only fungiform taste buds in the anterior tongue arise from the ectoderm. Taste buds found in the posterior tongue actually derive from endoderm. Nonetheless, both anterior and posterior buds are functionally similar, despite their disparate embryonic origins. In this review, I compare the development of ectodermal vs endodermal taste buds, highlighting the many differences in the cellular and molecular genetic mechanisms governing their formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda A Barlow
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Rocky Mountain Taste and Smell Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Giaquinto D, Fonsatti E, Bortoletti M, Radaelli G, De Felice E, de Girolamo P, Bertotto D, D'Angelo L. Olfactory and gustatory chemical sensor systems in the African turquoise killifish: Insights from morphology. Cell Tissue Res 2024; 398:239-252. [PMID: 39432108 PMCID: PMC11615025 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-024-03923-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 10/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/22/2024]
Abstract
Smell and taste are extensively studied in fish species as essential for finding food and selecting mates while avoiding toxic substances and predators. Depending on the evolutionary position and adaptation, a discrete variation in the morphology of these sense organs has been reported in numerous teleost species. Here, for the first time, we approach the phenotypic characterization of the olfactory epithelium and taste buds in the African turquoise killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri), a model organism known for its short lifespan and use in ageing research. Our observations indicate that the olfactory epithelium of N. furzeri is organized as a simple patch, lacking the complex folding into a rosette, with an average size of approximately 600 µm in length, 300 µm in width, and 70 µm in thickness. Three main cytotypes, including olfactory receptor neurons (CalbindinD28K), supporting cells (β-tubulin IV), and basal cells (Ki67), were identified across the epithelium. Further, we determined the taste buds' distribution and quantification between anterior (skin, lips, oral cavity) and posterior (gills, pharynx, oesophagus) systems. We identified the key cytotypes by using immunohistochemical markers, i.e. CalbindinD28K, doublecortin, and neuropeptide Y (NPY) for gustatory receptor cells, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) for supporting cells, and Ki67, a marker of cellular proliferation for basal cells. Altogether, these results indicate that N. furzeri is a microsmatic species with unique taste and olfactory features and possesses a well-developed posterior taste system compared to the anterior. This study provides fundamental insights into the chemosensory biology of N. furzeri, facilitating future investigations into nutrient-sensing mechanisms and their roles in development, survival, and ageing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Giaquinto
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino, 1 I-80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Elisa Fonsatti
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Viale Dell'Università 16, Legnaro, 35020, Padua, Italy
| | - Martina Bortoletti
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Viale Dell'Università 16, Legnaro, 35020, Padua, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Radaelli
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Viale Dell'Università 16, Legnaro, 35020, Padua, Italy
| | - Elena De Felice
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Paolo de Girolamo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino, 1 I-80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Bertotto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Viale Dell'Università 16, Legnaro, 35020, Padua, Italy
| | - Livia D'Angelo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino, 1 I-80137, Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Berning D, Heerema H, Gross JB. The spatiotemporal and genetic architecture of extraoral taste buds in Astyanax cavefish. Commun Biol 2024; 7:951. [PMID: 39107459 PMCID: PMC11303775 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06635-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Intense environmental pressures can yield both regressive and constructive traits through complex evolutionary mechanisms. Although regression is well-studied, the biological bases of constructive features are less well understood. Cave-dwelling Astyanax fish harbor prolific extraoral taste buds on their heads, which are absent in conspecific surface-dwellers. Here, we present novel ontogenetic data demonstrating extraoral taste buds appear gradually and late in life history. This appearance is similar but non-identical in different cavefish populations, where patterning has evolved to permit taste bud re-specification across the endoderm-ectoderm germ layer boundary. Quantitative genetic analyses revealed that spatially distinct taste buds on the head are primarily mediated by two different cave-dominant loci. While the precise function of this late expansion on to the head is unknown, the appearance of extraoral taste buds coincides with a dietary shift from live-foods to bat guano, suggesting an adaptive mechanism to detect nutrition in food-starved caves. This work provides fundamental insight to a constructive evolutionary feature, arising late in life history, promising a new window into unresolved features of vertebrate sensory organ development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Berning
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Halle Heerema
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Joshua B Gross
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yao Q, Doyle ME, Liu QR, Appleton A, O'Connell JF, Weng NP, Egan JM. Long-Term Dysfunction of Taste Papillae in SARS-CoV-2. NEJM EVIDENCE 2023; 2:10.1056/evidoa2300046. [PMID: 38145006 PMCID: PMC10745124 DOI: 10.1056/evidoa2300046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We sought to determine whether ongoing taste disturbance in the postacute sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019 period is associated with persistent virus in primary taste tissue. METHODS We performed fungiform papillae biopsies on 16 patients who reported taste disturbance lasting more than 6 weeks after molecularly determined severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Then, on multiple occasions, we rebiopsied 10 of those patients who still had taste complaints for at least 6 months postinfection. Fungiform papillae obtained from other patients before March 2020 served as negative controls. We performed hematoxylin and eosin staining to examine fungiform papillae morphology and immunofluorescence and fluorescence in situ hybridization to look for evidence of persistent viral infection and immune response. RESULTS In all patients, we found evidence of SARS-CoV-2, accompanying immune response and misshapen or absent taste buds with loss of intergemmal neurite fibers. Six patients reported normal taste perception by 6 months postinfection and were not further biopsied. In the remaining 10, the virus was eliminated in a seemingly random fashion from their fungiform papillae, but four patients still, by history, reported incomplete return to preinfection taste perception by the time we wrote this report. CONCLUSIONS Our data show a temporal association in patients between functional taste, taste papillae morphology, and the presence of SARS-CoV-2 and its associated immunological changes. (Funded by Intramural Research Program/National Institute on Aging/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases/National Institutes of Health; ClinicalTrials.gov numbers NCT03366168 and NCT04565067.).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yao
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore
| | - Máire E Doyle
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore
| | - Qing-Rong Liu
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore
| | - Ashley Appleton
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore
| | - Jennifer F O'Connell
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore
| | - Nan-Ping Weng
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore
| | - Josephine M Egan
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tsuchiya H. Treatments of COVID-19-Associated Taste and Saliva Secretory Disorders. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:140. [PMID: 37366663 DOI: 10.3390/dj11060140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the worldwide spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, treating taste and saliva secretory disorders associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a critical issue. The aim of the present study was to update information on treatments applicable to such oral symptoms and discuss their pathogenic mechanisms. The literature search indicated that different treatments using tetracycline, corticosteroids, zinc, stellate ganglion block, phytochemical curcumin, traditional herbal medicine, nutraceutical vitamin D, photobiomodulation, antiviral drugs, malic acid sialagogue, chewing gum, acupuncture, and/or moxibustion have potential effects on COVID-19-associated ageusia/dysgeusia/hypogeusia and xerostomia/dry mouth/hyposalivation. These treatments have multiple modes of action on viral cellular entry and replication, cell proliferation and differentiation, immunity, and/or SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced pathological conditions such as inflammation, cytokine storm, pyroptosis, neuropathy, zinc dyshomeostasis, and dysautonomia. An understanding of currently available treatment options is required for dental professionals because they may treat patients who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 or who recovered from COVID-19, and become aware of their abnormal taste and salivary secretion. By doing so, dentists and dental hygienists could play a crucial role in managing COVID-19 oral symptoms and contribute to improving the oral health-related quality of life of the relevant patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Tsuchiya
- Department of Dental Basic Education, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Mizuho, Gifu 501-0296, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang T, Xu PX. The role of Eya1 and Eya2 in the taste system of mice from embryonic stage to adulthood. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1126968. [PMID: 37181748 PMCID: PMC10167055 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1126968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Members of the Eya family, which are a class of transcription factors with phosphatase activity, are widely expressed in cranial sensory organs during development. However, it is unclear whether these genes are expressed in the taste system during development and whether they play any role in specifying taste cell fate. In this study, we report that Eya1 is not expressed during embryonic tongue development but that Eya1-expressing progenitors in somites or pharyngeal endoderm give rise to tongue musculature or taste organs, respectively. In the Eya1-deficient tongues, these progenitors do not proliferate properly, resulting in a smaller tongue at birth, impaired growth of taste papillae, and disrupted expression of Six1 in the papillary epithelium. On the other hand, Eya2 is specifically expressed in endoderm-derived circumvallate and foliate papillae located on the posterior tongue during development. In adult tongues, Eya1 is predominantly expressed in IP3R3-positive taste cells in the taste buds of the circumvallate and foliate papillae, while Eya2 is persistently expressed in these papillae at higher levels in some epithelial progenitors and at lower levels in some taste cells. We found that conditional knockout of Eya1 in the third week or Eya2 knockout reduced Pou2f3+, Six1+ and IP3R3+ taste cells. Our data define for the first time the expression patterns of Eya1 and Eya2 during the development and maintenance of the mouse taste system and suggest that Eya1 and Eya2 may act together to promote lineage commitment of taste cell subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Pin-Xian Xu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Cell Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zine A, Fritzsch B. Early Steps towards Hearing: Placodes and Sensory Development. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6994. [PMID: 37108158 PMCID: PMC10139157 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss is the most prevalent sensory deficit in humans. Most cases of hearing loss are due to the degeneration of key structures of the sensory pathway in the cochlea, such as the sensory hair cells, the primary auditory neurons, and their synaptic connection to the hair cells. Different cell-based strategies to replace damaged inner ear neurosensory tissue aiming at the restoration of regeneration or functional recovery are currently the subject of intensive research. Most of these cell-based treatment approaches require experimental in vitro models that rely on a fine understanding of the earliest morphogenetic steps that underlie the in vivo development of the inner ear since its initial induction from a common otic-epibranchial territory. This knowledge will be applied to various proposed experimental cell replacement strategies to either address the feasibility or identify novel therapeutic options for sensorineural hearing loss. In this review, we describe how ear and epibranchial placode development can be recapitulated by focusing on the cellular transformations that occur as the inner ear is converted from a thickening of the surface ectoderm next to the hindbrain known as the otic placode to an otocyst embedded in the head mesenchyme. Finally, we will highlight otic and epibranchial placode development and morphogenetic events towards progenitors of the inner ear and their neurosensory cell derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azel Zine
- LBN, Laboratory of Bioengineering and Nanoscience, University of Montpellier, 34193 Montpellier, France
| | - Bernd Fritzsch
- Department of Biology, CLAS, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Barlow LA. The sense of taste: Development, regeneration, and dysfunction. WIREs Mech Dis 2022; 14:e1547. [PMID: 34850604 PMCID: PMC11152580 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gustation or the sense of taste is a primary sense, which functions as a gatekeeper for substances that enter the body. Animals, including humans, ingest foods that contain appetitive taste stimuli, including those that have sweet, moderately salty and umami (glutamate) components, and tend to avoid bitter-tasting items, as many bitter compounds are toxic. Taste is mediated by clusters of heterogeneous taste receptors cells (TRCs) organized as taste buds on the tongue, and these convey taste information from the oral cavity to higher order brain centers via the gustatory sensory neurons of the seventh and ninth cranial ganglia. One remarkable aspect of taste is that taste perception is mostly uninterrupted throughout life yet TRCs within buds are constantly renewed; every 1-2 months all taste cells have been steadily replaced. In the past decades we have learned a substantial amount about the cellular and molecular regulation of taste bud cell renewal, and how taste buds are initially established during embryogenesis. Here I review more recent findings pertaining to taste development and regeneration, as well as discuss potential mechanisms underlying taste dysfunction that often occurs with disease or its treatment. This article is categorized under: Infectious Diseases > Stem Cells and Development Cancer > Stem Cells and Development Neurological Diseases > Stem Cells and Development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda A Barlow
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Graduate Program in Cell Biology, Stem Cells & Development, and the Rocky Mountain Taste & Smell Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tsuchiya H. Gustatory and Saliva Secretory Dysfunctions in COVID-19 Patients with Zinc Deficiency. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12030353. [PMID: 35330104 PMCID: PMC8950751 DOI: 10.3390/life12030353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the ever-progressing studies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it is critical to update our knowledge about COVID-19 symptomatology and pathophysiology. In the present narrative review, oral symptoms were overviewed using the latest data and their pathogenesis was hypothetically speculated. PubMed, LitCovid, ProQuest, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant studies from 1 April 2021 with a cutoff date of 31 January 2022. The literature search indicated that gustatory dysfunction and saliva secretory dysfunction are prevalent in COVID-19 patients and both dysfunctions persist after recovery from the disease, suggesting the pathogenic mechanism common to these cooccurring symptoms. COVID-19 patients are characterized by hypozincemia, in which zinc is possibly redistributed from blood to the liver at the expense of zinc in other tissues. If COVID-19 induces intracellular zinc deficiency, the activity of zinc-metalloenzyme carbonic anhydrase localized in taste buds and salivary glands may be influenced to adversely affect gustatory and saliva secretory functions. Zinc-binding metallothioneins and zinc transporters, which cooperatively control cellular zinc homeostasis, are expressed in oral tissues participating in taste and saliva secretion. Their expression dysregulation associated with COVID-19-induced zinc deficiency may have some effect on oral functions. Zinc supplementation is expected to improve oral symptoms in COVID-19 patients.
Collapse
|
10
|
Lieder B, Čonka J, Reiner AT, Zabel V, Ameur D, Somoza MM, Šebeková K, Celec P, Somoza V. Long-Term Consumption of a Sugar-Sweetened Soft Drink in Combination with a Western-Type Diet Is Associated with Morphological and Molecular Changes of Taste Markers Independent of Body Weight Development in Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030594. [PMID: 35276952 PMCID: PMC8837962 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether the long-term intake of a typical sugar-sweetened soft drink (sugar-sweetened beverage, SSB) alters markers for taste function when combined with a standard diet (chow) or a model chow mimicking a Western diet (WD). Adult male CD1 mice had ad libitum access to tap water or SSB in combination with either the chow or the WD for 24 weeks. Energy intake from fluid and food was monitored three times a week. Cardiometabolic markers (body weight and composition, waist circumference, glucose and lipid profile, and blood pressure) were analyzed at the end of the intervention, as was the number and size of the fungiform papillae as well as mRNA levels of genes associated with the different cell types of taste buds and taste receptors in the circumvallate papillae using a cDNA microarray and qPCR. Although the overall energy intake was higher in the WD groups, there was no difference in body weight or other cardiometabolic markers between the SSB and water groups. The chemosensory surface from the fungiform papillae was reduced by 36 ± 19% (p < 0.05) in the WD group after SSB compared to water intake. In conclusion, the consumption of the SSB reduced the chemosensory surface of the fungiform papillae of CD1 mice when applied in combination with a WD independent of body weight. The data suggest synergistic effects of a high sugar-high fat diet on taste dysfunction, which could further influence food intake and promote a vicious cycle of overeating and taste dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Lieder
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.T.R.); (V.Z.); (V.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Jozef Čonka
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 81101 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.Č.); (K.Š.); (P.C.)
| | - Agnes T. Reiner
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.T.R.); (V.Z.); (V.S.)
| | - Victoria Zabel
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.T.R.); (V.Z.); (V.S.)
| | - Dominik Ameur
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (D.A.); (M.M.S.)
| | - Mark M. Somoza
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (D.A.); (M.M.S.)
- Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, 85345 Freising, Germany
- Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, Technical University of Munich, 85345 Freising, Germany
| | - Katarína Šebeková
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 81101 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.Č.); (K.Š.); (P.C.)
| | - Peter Celec
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 81101 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.Č.); (K.Š.); (P.C.)
| | - Veronika Somoza
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.T.R.); (V.Z.); (V.S.)
- Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, 85345 Freising, Germany
- Nutritional Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85345 Freising, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Vermeiren S, Bellefroid EJ, Desiderio S. Vertebrate Sensory Ganglia: Common and Divergent Features of the Transcriptional Programs Generating Their Functional Specialization. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:587699. [PMID: 33195244 PMCID: PMC7649826 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.587699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensory fibers of the peripheral nervous system carry sensation from specific sense structures or use different tissues and organs as receptive fields, and convey this information to the central nervous system. In the head of vertebrates, each cranial sensory ganglia and associated nerves perform specific functions. Sensory ganglia are composed of different types of specialized neurons in which two broad categories can be distinguished, somatosensory neurons relaying all sensations that are felt and visceral sensory neurons sensing the internal milieu and controlling body homeostasis. While in the trunk somatosensory neurons composing the dorsal root ganglia are derived exclusively from neural crest cells, somato- and visceral sensory neurons of cranial sensory ganglia have a dual origin, with contributions from both neural crest and placodes. As most studies on sensory neurogenesis have focused on dorsal root ganglia, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the embryonic development of the different cranial sensory ganglia remains today rudimentary. However, using single-cell RNA sequencing, recent studies have made significant advances in the characterization of the neuronal diversity of most sensory ganglia. Here we summarize the general anatomy, function and neuronal diversity of cranial sensory ganglia. We then provide an overview of our current knowledge of the transcriptional networks controlling neurogenesis and neuronal diversification in the developing sensory system, focusing on cranial sensory ganglia, highlighting specific aspects of their development and comparing it to that of trunk sensory ganglia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Vermeiren
- ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Eric J Bellefroid
- ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Simon Desiderio
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM U1051, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang S, Lee JM, Ashok AA, Jung HS. Action of Actomyosin Contraction With Shh Modulation Drive Epithelial Folding in the Circumvallate Papilla. Front Physiol 2020; 11:936. [PMID: 32848868 PMCID: PMC7411262 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mouse tongue possesses three types of gustatory papillae: large circumvallate papillae (CVP), foliate papillae (FOP) and fungiform papillae (FFP). Although CVP is the largest papilla and contain a high density of taste buds, little is known about CVP development. Their transition from placode to dome-shape is particularly ambiguous. Understanding this phase is crucial since dome-shaped morphology is essential for proper localization of the imminent nerve fibers and taste buds. Here, we report actomyosin-dependent apical and basal constriction of epithelial cells during dynamic epithelial folding. Furthermore, actomyosin-dependent basal constriction requires focal adhesion kinase to guide dome-shape formation. Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is closely associated with the differentiation or survival of the neurons in CVP ganglion and cytoskeletal alteration in trench epithelial cells which regulate CVP morphogenesis. Our results demonstrate the CVP morphogenesis mechanism from placode to dome-shape by actomyosin-dependent cell shape change and suggest roles that Shh may play in trench and stromal core formation during CVP development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sushan Zhang
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, Taste Research Center, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong-Min Lee
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, Taste Research Center, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Adpaikar Anish Ashok
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, Taste Research Center, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Han-Sung Jung
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, Taste Research Center, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|