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Gellert M, Błażewicz M, Mamos T, Bird GJ. Diversity under a magnifier lens: the case of Typhlotanaidae (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) in the N Atlantic. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10905. [PMID: 37407596 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33616-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Research focusing on 'stout-bodied' typhlotanaids collected from several sites around Iceland and adjacent N Atlantic region has resulted in the description of 15 species new to science, as well as the creation of eight new genera. Typhlotanais eximius Hansen, 1913 is redescribed and transferred to a new genus, while Typhlotanais crassus and Peraeospinosus adipatus are transferred to the genus Larsenotanais. The morphological and the molecular data were combined to consolidate and confirm the validity of the results obtained from both approaches. The polyphyletic nature of the Typhlotanaidae and its serious of its taxonomic diversity are emphasized, although molecular analysis reveals that the 'stout-bodied' Typhlotanaidae form monophyletic clade. Depth and temperature are identified as the main environmental parameters determining the distribution of this group of Typhlotanaidae. Several species are clearly associated with the shelf and upper bathyal of Iceland. The Greenland-Iceland-Faroe Ridge is shown to be a distinct zoogeographical barrier for typhlotanaids inhabiting the deeper slope and abyssal regions around Iceland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gellert
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Błażewicz
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Mamos
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Brix S, Kaiser S, Lörz AN, Le Saout M, Schumacher M, Bonk F, Egilsdottir H, Olafsdottir SH, Tandberg AHS, Taylor J, Tewes S, Xavier JR, Linse K. Habitat variability and faunal zonation at the Ægir Ridge, a canyon-like structure in the deep Norwegian Sea. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13394. [PMID: 35726260 PMCID: PMC9206436 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The Ægir Ridge System (ARS) is an ancient extinct spreading axis in the Nordic seas extending from the upper slope east of Iceland (∼550 m depth), as part of its Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), to a depth of ∼3,800 m in the Norwegian basin. Geomorphologically a rift valley, the ARS has a canyon-like structure that may promote increased diversity and faunal density. The main objective of this study was to characterize benthic habitats and related macro- and megabenthic communities along the ARS, and the influence of water mass variables and depth on them. During the IceAGE3 expedition (Icelandic marine Animals: Genetics and Ecology) on RV Sonne in June 2020, benthic communities of the ARS were surveyed by means of a remotely-operated vehicle (ROV) and epibenthic sledge (EBS). For this purpose, two working areas were selected, including abyssal stations in the northeast and bathyal stations in the southwest of the ARS. Video and still images of the seabed were usedtoqualitatively describebenthic habitats based on the presence of habitat-forming taxa and the physical environment. Patterns of diversity and community composition of the soft-sediment macrofauna, retrieved from the EBS, were analyzed in a semiquantitative manner. These biological data were complemented by producing high-resolution bathymetric maps using the vessel's multi-beam echosounder system. As suspected, we were able to identify differences in species composition and number of macro- and megafaunal communities associated with a depth gradient. A biological canyon effect became evident in dense aggregates of megafaunal filter feeders and elevated macrofaunal densities. Analysis of videos and still images from the ROV transects also led to the discovery of a number ofVulnerable Marine Ecosystems (VMEs) dominated by sponges and soft corals characteristic of the Arctic region. Directions for future research encompass a more detailed, quantitative study of the megafauna and more coherent sampling over the entire depth range in order to fully capture the diversity of the habitats and biota of the region. The presence of sensitive biogenic habitats, alongside seemingly high biodiversity and naturalness are supportive of ongoing considerations of designating part of the ARS as an "Ecologically and Biologically Significant Area" (EBSA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Brix
- Senckenberg am Meer, German Center for Marine Biodiversity Research (DZMB), Senckenberg Nature Research Society, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kaiser
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, Łódź, Poland,INES Integrated Environmental Solutions UG, Wilhelmshaven, Niedersachsen, Germany
| | - Anne-Nina Lörz
- Institute for Marine Ecosystems and Fisheries Science, Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability (CEN), University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Mia Schumacher
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
| | - Frederic Bonk
- Senckenberg am Meer, German Center for Marine Biodiversity Research (DZMB), Senckenberg Nature Research Society, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - James Taylor
- Senckenberg am Meer, German Center for Marine Biodiversity Research (DZMB), Senckenberg Nature Research Society, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simon Tewes
- Bundesamt für Seeschiffahrt und Hydrographie, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joana R. Xavier
- CIIMAR–Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research of the University of Portro, Matosinhos, Portugal,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Katrin Linse
- British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Gerken S, Meland K, Glenner H. First multigene phylogeny of Cumacea (crustacea: Peracarida). ZOOL SCR 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Gerken
- Biological Sciences University of Alaska Anchorage Anchorage Alaska USA
| | - Kenneth Meland
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Bergen Bergen Norway
| | - Henrik Glenner
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Bergen Bergen Norway
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate Globe Institute University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
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