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Ghosh AK, Kumar V, Rameshkumar A, Tyagi K. A new species of the genus Ceraphron Jurine (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronidae) from India. Zootaxa 2024; 5506:122-128. [PMID: 39646668 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5506.1.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 12/10/2024]
Abstract
Ceraphron initium sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Nagaland state of India based on male specimens. The genitalia of this new species is studied and compared with the closely related species C. semira Salden & Peters and C. thompsoni (Dalla Torre).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Ghosh
- Centre for DNA Taxonomy; Molecular Systematics Division; Zoological Survey of India; Kolkata; West Bengal; India.
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Hymenoptera Division; Zoological Survey of India; Kolkata; West Bengal; India.
| | - Anandhan Rameshkumar
- Centre for DNA Taxonomy; Molecular Systematics Division; Zoological Survey of India; Kolkata; West Bengal; India.
| | - Kaomud Tyagi
- Centre for DNA Taxonomy; Molecular Systematics Division; Zoological Survey of India; Kolkata; West Bengal; India.
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2
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Boudinot BE, van de Kamp T, Peters P, Knöllinger K. Male genitalia, hierarchical homology, and the anatomy of the bullet ant (Paraponera clavata; Hymenoptera, Formicidae). J Morphol 2024; 285:e21757. [PMID: 39192511 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
The male genitalia of insects are among the most variable, complex, and informative character systems for evolutionary analysis and taxonomic purposes. Because of these general properties, many generations of systematists have struggled to develop a theory of homology and alignment of parts. This struggle continues to the present day, where fundamentally different models and nomenclatures for the male genitalia of Hymenoptera, for example, are applied. Here, we take a multimodal approach to digitalize and comprehensively document the genital skeletomuscular anatomy of the bullet ant (Paraponera clavata; Hymenoptera: Formicidae), including hand dissection, synchrotron radiation microcomputed tomography, microphotography, scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and 3D-printing. Through this work, we generate several new concepts for the structure and form of the male genitalia of Hymenoptera, such as for the endophallic sclerite (=fibula ducti), which we were able to evaluate in detail for the first time for any species. Based on this phenomic anatomical study and comparison with other Holometabola and Hexapoda, we reconsider the homologies of insect genitalia more broadly, and propose a series of clarifications in support of the penis-gonopod theory of male genital identity. Specifically, we use the male genitalia of Paraponera and insects more broadly as an empirical case for hierarchical homology by applying and refining the 5-category classification of serial homologs from DiFrisco et al. (2023) (DLW23) to all of our formalized concepts. Through this, we find that: (1) geometry is a critical attribute to account for in ontology, especially as all individually identifiable attributes are positionally indexed hence can be recognized as homomorphic; (2) the definition of "structure" proposed by DLW23 is difficult to apply, and likely heterogeneous; and (3) formative elements, or spatially defined foldings or in- or evaginations of the epidermis and cuticle, are an important yet overlooked class of homomorphs. We propose a morphogenetic model for male and female insect genitalia, and a model analogous to gene-tree species-tree mappings for the hierarchical homology of male genitalia specifically. For all of the structures evaluated in the present study, we provide 3D-printable models - with and without musculature, and in various states of digital dissection - to facilitate the development of a tactile understanding. Our treatment of the male genitalia of P. clavata serves as a basic template for future phenomic studies of male insect genitalia, which will be substantially improved with the development of automation and collections-based data processing pipelines, that is, collectomics. The Hymenoptera Anatomy Ontology will be a critical resource to include in this effort, and in best practice concepts should be linked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendon E Boudinot
- Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Entomology II, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Thomas van de Kamp
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation (IPS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
- Laboratory for Applications of Synchrotron Radiation (LAS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Patricia Peters
- Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Entomology II, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Katja Knöllinger
- Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Entomology II, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Zurich University of the Arts, Zurich, Switzerland
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Qian C, Li F, Huang Y, Wang XU. Conostigmus nankunensis (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronoidea), a new species from China with a long facial sulcus. Zootaxa 2024; 5481:141-145. [PMID: 39646048 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5481.1.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 12/10/2024]
Abstract
A new species of the megaspiline genus Conostigmus Dahlbom with a distinct facial sulcus is described and figured from material collected in yellow pan traps. Conostigmus nankunensis Qian and Wang sp. nov., is the fifth species of Conostigmus described from China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenzhengxin Qian
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases; College of Life Sciences; Anhui Normal University; Wuhu; Anhui 241000; China.
| | - Fang Li
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases; College of Life Sciences; Anhui Normal University; Wuhu; Anhui 241000; China.
| | - Yixin Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education; School of Ecology and Environment; Wuhu; Anhui 241000; China; Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution; Institute of Zoology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100000; China.
| | - X U Wang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases; College of Life Sciences; Anhui Normal University; Wuhu; Anhui 241000; China; Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution; Institute of Zoology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100000; China.
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Cui S, Li F, Huang Y, Huang X, Wang XU, Zhu C. Description of a new species of Conostigmus Dahlbom, 1858 (Hymenoptera: Megaspilidae) from China. Zootaxa 2023; 5315:71-76. [PMID: 37518619 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5315.1.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
One new species of the genus Conostigmus Dahlbom, 1858, Conostigmus xui Cui and Wang sp. nov., from China is described. A key to the known species of Conostigmus from China is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Cui
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases; College of Life Sciences; Anhui Normal University; Wuhu; Anhui 241000; China.
| | - Fang Li
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases; College of Life Sciences; Anhui Normal University; Wuhu; Anhui 241000; China.
| | - Yixin Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education; School of Ecology and Environment; Wuhu; Anhui 241000; China; Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution; Institute of Zoology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100000; China.
| | - Xuanzhi Huang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases; College of Life Sciences; Anhui Normal University; Wuhu; Anhui 241000; China.
| | - X U Wang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases; College of Life Sciences; Anhui Normal University; Wuhu; Anhui 241000; China.
| | - Chaodong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution; Institute of Zoology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100000; China.
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Perrichot V, Boudinot BE, Engel MS, Xu C, Bojarski B, Szwedo J. Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Miocene Ethiopian amber: filling gaps in the geological record of African terrestrial biota. Zool J Linn Soc 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The Early Miocene (16–23 Mya) amber of Ethiopia constitutes a new source of fossil ants for Africa, where they are otherwise poorly documented. Here we report a diversified assemblage of six subfamilies and at least 19 genera that are still predominantly alive in the Afrotropics today. In this first account, a particular reference is made to the subfamily Dolichoderinae, with the description of two new species: Technomyrmex svojtkai Perrichot & Engel sp. nov. and Ravavy goldmani Boudinot & Perrichot sp. nov. The first is illustrated and described based on synchrotron-radiation microcomputed tomography, and the second represents the first fossil record for the tribe Bothriomyrmecini and Ravavy, a Malagasy and Afrotropical genus that was hitherto monotypic. The ant composition in Ethiopian amber is congruent with the global pattern emerging across ants and showing a Neogene diversification almost exclusively within extant genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Perrichot
- Géosciences Rennes - UMR 6118 , Université de Rennes, CNRS Rennes , France
| | - Brendon E Boudinot
- Institut für Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung , Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Erberstraße, Jena , Germany
- University of California, Davis , Davis, California , USA
| | - Michael S Engel
- Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas , Lawrence, Kansas , USA
- Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History , New York, New York , USA
| | - Chunpeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing , China
| | - Błażej Bojarski
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Entomology and Museum of Amber Inclusions, Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Parasitology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk , Gdansk , Poland
| | - Jacek Szwedo
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Entomology and Museum of Amber Inclusions, Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Parasitology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk , Gdansk , Poland
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Kamalanathan V, Mohanraj P, Samuel DK, Reddy MK. Revision of Indian species of Baeus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Scelionidae). J NAT HIST 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2020.1770885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Veenakumari Kamalanathan
- Division of Insect Systematics, ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources , Bengaluru, India
| | - Prashanth Mohanraj
- Division of Insect Systematics, ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources , Bengaluru, India
| | - D. K. Samuel
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research , Bengaluru, India
| | - M. Krishna Reddy
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research , Bengaluru, India
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Mikó I, van de Kamp T, Trietsch C, Ulmer JM, Zuber M, Baumbach T, Deans AR. A new megaspilid wasp from Eocene Baltic amber (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronoidea), with notes on two non-ceraphronoid families: Radiophronidae and Stigmaphronidae. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5174. [PMID: 30140594 PMCID: PMC6103384 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceraphronoids are some of the most commonly collected hymenopterans, yet they remain rare in the fossil record. Conostigmus talamasi Mikó and Trietsch, sp. nov. from Baltic amber represents an intermediate form between the type genus, Megaspilus, and one of the most species-rich megaspilid genera, Conostigmus. We describe the new species using 3D data collected with synchrotron-based micro-CT equipment. This non-invasive technique allows for quick data collection in unusually high resolution, revealing morphological traits that are otherwise obscured by the amber. In describing this new species, we revise the diagnostic characters for Ceraphronoidea and discuss possible reasons why minute wasps with a pterostigma are often misidentified as ceraphronoids. Based on the lack of ceraphronoid characteristics, we remove Dendrocerus dubitatus Brues, 1937, Stigmaphronidae, and Radiophronidae from Ceraphronoidea and consider them as incertae sedis. We also provide some guidance for their future classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- István Mikó
- Frost Entomological Museum, Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Thomas van de Kamp
- Laboratory for Applications of Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Carolyn Trietsch
- Frost Entomological Museum, Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Jonah M. Ulmer
- Frost Entomological Museum, Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Marcus Zuber
- Laboratory for Applications of Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Tilo Baumbach
- Laboratory for Applications of Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Andrew R. Deans
- Frost Entomological Museum, Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
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Ulmer J, Miko I, Deans A. Ceraphron krogmanni (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronidae), a new species from Lower Saxony with unusual male genitalia. Biodivers Data J 2018:e24173. [PMID: 29706790 PMCID: PMC5915395 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.6.e24173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Male genitalia phenotypes of Ceraphron (Jurine, 1807) are informative for species delimitation, but due to their minute size, these characters have not been used extensively. Recent developments in visualisation techniques, e.g. confocal laser scanning microscopy and high resolution bright field imaging, allow for more thorough examination of these minute anatomical structures and the development of a robust, male genitalia-based taxonomic system. We also establish a character set, a template, that will facilitate future revisions of these wasps. New information Ceraphronkrogmanni sp. nov. is described with outsized male genitalia and multiple diagnostic traits that are unique amongst Ceraphron species.
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Kamalanathan V, Mohanraj P. A new species of Phlebiaporus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae: Telenominae) from India, with first description of the male of the genus. ACTA ZOOL ACAD SCI H 2018. [DOI: 10.17109/azh.64.3.217.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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