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Eom YS, Shah FH, Kim SJ. Novel insight on IRE1 in the regulation of chondrocyte dedifferentiation through ER stress independent pathway. J Physiol Biochem 2024; 80:337-347. [PMID: 38336929 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-024-01008-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Inositol-requiring enzyme-1 (IRE1) is the master regulator of the unfolded protein response pathway, associated with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in sensing and regulating cell stress. The activity of IRE1 is highly explored and well-characterized in cancer and other cells. However, the IRE1 molecular mechanism in chondrocytes is poorly understood. The present study explored the effect of IRE1 on chondrocytes regarding its chondrogenic gene expression and its correlation with different cellular pathways and cell behavior. Chondrocytes transfected with the cDNA of IRE1 reduced the expression of type II collagen, disrupting chondrocyte differentiation as confirmed by western blotting and immunofluorescence. Upon siRNA treatment, the influence of IRE1 on chondrocyte differentiation is restored by reviving the normal expression of type II collagen. Different molecular pathways were explored to investigate the role of IRE1 in causing chondrocyte dedifferentiation. However, we found no significant correlation, as IRE1 induces dedifferentiation through independent pathways. In response to various endoplasmic reticulum (ER) agonists (2-deoxy-D-glucose), and ER stress antagonists (tauroursodeoxycholic acid and salubrinal), IRE1 overexpression did not affect GRP78/94, as implicated in the pathogenesis of ER stress. Moreover, when IRE1 overexpression was correlated with the inflammation pathway, nuclear factor-kappa B (NFκB), IRE1 substantially increased the expression of p50 while decreasing the expression of nuclear factor kappa light polypeptide alpha (IκBα). These results suggest that IRE1 induces dedifferentiation in chondrocytes by modulating inflammatory pathways that cause dedifferentiation by disrupting type II collagen expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Seok Eom
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Fahad Hassan Shah
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Ja Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, 32588, Republic of Korea.
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Sun H, Xiao D, Liu W, Li X, Lin Z, Li Y, Ding Y. Well-known polypeptides of deer antler velvet with key actives: modern pharmacological advances. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:15-31. [PMID: 37555852 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02642-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Deer antler velvet, with kidney tonifying, promoting the production of essence and blood, strengthening tendons and bones, not only has a thousand-year medicinal history but also its modern pharmacology mainly focuses on its active polypeptides on motor, nerve, and immune systems. The purpose of this report is to fill the gap in the comprehensive, systematic, and detailed review of polypeptides during the recent 30 years (1992-2023). The research method was to review 53 pharmacological articles from the Public Medicine, Web of science, ACS, and Science Direct database sources by searching the keywords "pilose antler," "deer velvet," "Pilose Antler Peptide (PAP) and Velvet Antler Polypeptide (VAP)." The results showed that deer antler polypeptides (DAPs), by regulating EGF, EGFR, MAPK, P38, ERK, NF-κB, Wnt, PI3K, Akt, MMP, AMPK, Stir1, NLRP3, HO-1, Nrf, Rho, TLR, TGF-β, Smad, Ang II, etc., revealed their effects on seven system-related diseases and their mechanisms, including osteoarthritis, intervertebral disc degeneration, osteoporosis, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, triple-negative breast cancer, liver injury, liver fibrosis, cardiovascular disease, acute lung injury, and late-onset hypogonadism. In conclusion, DAPs have good effects on motor and other system-related diseases, but the secondary and tertiary structures of DAPs (0.5-1800 KDa) need to be further elucidated, and the structure-activity relationship study is still unavailable and needs to be covered. It is expected that this review may provide the necessary literature support for further research. The activities and mechanisms of polypeptides from the past 30 years (1992-2023) are summarized covering seven systems, related diseases, and its regulatory genes and proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Dandan Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Zhe Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Yong Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China.
| | - Yuling Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China.
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Yang S, Zhou X, Jia Z, Zhang M, Yuan M, Zhou Y, Wang J, Xia D. Epigenetic regulatory mechanism of ADAMTS12 expression in osteoarthritis. Mol Med 2023; 29:86. [PMID: 37400752 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00661-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease with lacking effective prevention targets. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 12 (ADAMTS12) is a member of the ADAMTS family and is upregulated in OA pathologic tissues with no fully understood molecular mechanisms. METHODS The anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACL-T) method was used to establish rat OA models, and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) was administered to induce rat chondrocyte inflammation. Cartilage damage was analyzed via hematoxylin-eosin, Periodic Acid-Schiff, safranin O-fast green, Osteoarthritis Research Society International score, and micro-computed tomography assays. Chondrocyte apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and TdT dUTP nick-end labeling. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), ADAMTS12, and methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) levels were detected by immunohistochemistry, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), western blot, or immunofluorescence assay. The binding ability was confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation-qPCR, electromobility shift assay, dual-luciferase reporter, or RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. The methylation level of STAT1 was analyzed by MeRIP-qPCR assay. STAT1 stability was investigated by actinomycin D assay. RESULTS The STAT1 and ADAMTS12 expressions were significantly increased in the human and rat samples of cartilage injury, as well as in IL-1β-treated rat chondrocytes. STAT1 is bound to the promoter region of ADAMTS12 to activate its transcription. METTL3/ Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) mediated N6-methyladenosine modification of STAT1 promoted STAT1 mRNA stability, resulting in increased expression. ADAMTS12 expression was reduced and the IL-1β-induced inflammatory chondrocyte injury was attenuated by silencing METTL3. Additionally, knocking down METTL3 in ACL-T-produced OA rats reduced ADAMTS12 expression in their cartilage tissues, thereby alleviating cartilage damage. CONCLUSION METTL3/IGF2BP2 axis increases STAT1 stability and expression to promote OA progression by up-regulating ADAMTS12 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), No. 61, Jiefang West Road, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuanping Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People's Hospital), Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Jia
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), No. 61, Jiefang West Road, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Mali Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), No. 61, Jiefang West Road, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghao Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), No. 61, Jiefang West Road, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhao Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), No. 61, Jiefang West Road, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), No. 61, Jiefang West Road, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People's Republic of China.
| | - Duo Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), No. 61, Jiefang West Road, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People's Republic of China.
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Bocsa DC, Socaciu C, Iancu SD, Pelea MA, Gutiu RI, Leopold N, Fodor D. Stage related metabolic profile of the synovial fluid in patients with acute flares of knee osteoarthritis. Med Pharm Rep 2022; 95:438-445. [PMID: 36506601 PMCID: PMC9694744 DOI: 10.15386/mpr-2454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint condition and the leading cause of pain and disability in elderly patients. Currently, there is no biomarker available for the early diagnosis of OA, and limited data is available regarding the molecular basis of progression for OA. For this reason, this study aimed to identify the metabolomic profile of early and late OA using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with untargeted mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Methods 31 patients with knee OA and joint effusion were enrolled. Based on Kellgren/Laurence scale, 12 patients were classified as early OA (eOA) and 19 as late OA (lOA). The synovial fluid (SF) was collected and characterized by untargeted LC-MS. Only the metabolites identified in more than 25% of each group were kept for further analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) enabled the unsupervised clustering of the eOA and lOA groups. Further, for classification, the best three principal components (PCs) were used as input for two machine learning algorithms (random forest and naïve Bayes), which were trained to discriminate between the eOA and lOA groups. Results 43 metabolites were identified in both eOA and lOA, but after selecting the metabolites present in at least 25% of the patients in each group, the metabolomics analysis yielded a panel of only nine metabolites: four metabolites related to phospholipids (phosphatidylcholine 20:0/18:2 and 18:0/20:2, sphingomyelin, and ceramide), three metabolites belonging to purine metabolites (inosine 5'-phosphate, adenosine thiamine diphosphate, and diadenosine 5',5'-diphosphate), one metabolite was a gonadal steroid hormone (estrone 3-sulfate), and one metabolite represented by heme, with all but ceramide (d18:1/20:0) being enriched in the lOA group. By using as features the best three PCs (PC2, PC8 and PC9), random forest and naïve Bayes machine learning algorithms yielded a classification accuracy of 0.81 and 0.78, respectively. Conclusion Our LC-MS analysis of SF from patients with eOA and lOA indicates stage-dependent differences, lOA being associated with a perturbed metabolome of phospholipids, purine metabolites, gonadal steroid hormones (estrone 3-sulfate) and a heme molecule. Specific questions need to be answered regarding the biosynthesis and function of these metabolites in osteoarthritic joints, with the aim of developing new relevant biomarkers and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia-Corina Bocsa
- 2 Internal Medicine Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Carmen Socaciu
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania,BIODIATECH - Research Center for Applied Biotechnology in Diagnosis and Molecular Therapy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | | | - Michael Andrei Pelea
- 2 Internal Medicine Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Roxana Ioana Gutiu
- 2 Internal Medicine Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Nicolae Leopold
- Faculty of Physics, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daniela Fodor
- 2 Internal Medicine Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Weng PW, Pikatan NW, Setiawan SA, Yadav VK, Fong IH, Hsu CH, Yeh CT, Lee WH. Role of GDF15/MAPK14 Axis in Chondrocyte Senescence as a Novel Senomorphic Agent in Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137043. [PMID: 35806043 PMCID: PMC9266723 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is most prevalent in older individuals and exerts a heavy social and economic burden. However, an effective and noninvasive approach to OA treatment is currently not available. Chondrocyte senescence has recently been proposed as a key pathogenic mechanism in the etiology of OA. Furthermore, senescent chondrocytes (SnCCs) can release various proinflammatory cytokines, proteolytic enzymes, and other substances known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), allowing them to connect with surrounding cells and induce senesce. Studies have shown that the pharmacological elimination of SnCCs slows the progression of OA and promotes regeneration. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), a member of the tumor growth factor (TGF) superfamily, has recently been identified as a possible aging biomarker and has been linked to a variety of clinical conditions, including coronary artery disease, diabetes, and multiple cancer types. Thus, we obtained data from a publicly available single-cell sequencing RNA database and observed that GDF15, a critical protein in cellular senescence, is highly expressed in early OA. In addition, GDF15 is implicated in the senescence and modulation of MAPK14 in OA. Tissue and synovial fluid samples obtained from OA patients showed overexpression of GDF15. Next, we treated C20A4 cell lines with interleukin (IL)-1β with or without shGDF15 then removed the conditioned medium, and cultured C20A4 and HUVEC cell lines with the aforementioned media. We observed that C20A4 cells treated with IL-1β exhibited increased GDF15 secretion and that chondrocytes cultured with media derived from IL-1β–treated C20A4 exhibited senescence. HUVEC cell migration and tube formation were enhanced after culturing with IL-1β-treated chondrocyte media; however, decreased HUVEC cell migration and tube formation were noted in HUVEC cells cultured with GDF15-loss media. We tested the potential of inhibiting GDF15 by using a GDF15 neutralizing antibody, GDF15-nAb. GDF15-nAb exerted a similar effect, resulting in the molecular silencing of GDF15 in vivo and in vitro. Our results reveal that GDF15 is a driver of SnCCs and can contribute to OA progression by inducing angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Wei Weng
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Narpati Wesa Pikatan
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan; (N.W.P.); (S.A.S.); (V.K.Y.); (I.-H.F.); (C.-T.Y.)
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Syahru Agung Setiawan
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan; (N.W.P.); (S.A.S.); (V.K.Y.); (I.-H.F.); (C.-T.Y.)
- International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
| | - Vijesh Kumar Yadav
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan; (N.W.P.); (S.A.S.); (V.K.Y.); (I.-H.F.); (C.-T.Y.)
| | - Iat-Hang Fong
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan; (N.W.P.); (S.A.S.); (V.K.Y.); (I.-H.F.); (C.-T.Y.)
| | - Chia-Hung Hsu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-H.H.); (W.-H.L.); Tel.: +886-2-2490088 (ext. 8883) (C.-H.H.); +886-2-2490088 (ext. 8888) (W.-H.L.); Fax: +886-2-2248-0900 (C.-H.H.); +886-3-5401480 (W.-H.L.)
| | - Chi-Tai Yeh
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan; (N.W.P.); (S.A.S.); (V.K.Y.); (I.-H.F.); (C.-T.Y.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu City 30015, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hwa Lee
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan; (N.W.P.); (S.A.S.); (V.K.Y.); (I.-H.F.); (C.-T.Y.)
- Department of Pathology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-H.H.); (W.-H.L.); Tel.: +886-2-2490088 (ext. 8883) (C.-H.H.); +886-2-2490088 (ext. 8888) (W.-H.L.); Fax: +886-2-2248-0900 (C.-H.H.); +886-3-5401480 (W.-H.L.)
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