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Sangalli L, Savoldi F, Dalessandri D, Visconti L, Massetti F, Bonetti S. Remote digital monitoring during the retention phase of orthodontic treatment: A prospective feasibility study. Korean J Orthod 2022; 52:123-130. [PMID: 35321951 PMCID: PMC8964474 DOI: 10.4041/kjod.2022.52.2.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate if a remote digital monitoring system added at the end of orthodontic treatment could positively influence the retention phase by reducing the occurrence of misfit of removable appliances, number of emergency appointments (EA), and orthodontic relapse. Methods Twenty-seven patients who completed active orthodontic treatment were divided into the study and control groups. In addition to the standard chairside follow-up appointments at month 1 (T1), month 3 (T2), month 6 (T3), the study group patients were monitored using Dental Monitoring® with monthly intra-oral scans. Occurrence of misfit of removable retainers, number of EAs, and intercanine width change were recorded for both groups. Differences in EAs and retainer fit were assessed using the chi-square test. Intra-group and inter-group differences in the intercanine width were assessed with Friedman test and Mann–Whitney U test, respectively (α = 0.05). Results The study group showed a significantly lower occurrence of misfit of removable retainers (p = 0.027) compared to the control group. No significant inter- and intra-group difference was found in the EAs and intercanine width change at each time-point. Conclusions Integrating remote monitoring systems, such as Dental Monitoring®, to the retention phase of the orthodontic treatment may lower the occurrence of misfit of removable retainers. However, a small sample size and a short observation period limit the strength of this evidence. These preliminary results tentatively suggest that remote monitoring technologies may be beneficial, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, when the regularity of in-office visits might be disrupted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Sangalli
- Dental School, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Department of Oral Health Science, Division of Orofacial Pain, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Fabio Savoldi
- Orthodontics, Division of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Domenico Dalessandri
- Dental School, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luca Visconti
- Dental School, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesca Massetti
- Dental School, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefano Bonetti
- Dental School, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Savoldi F, Dalessandri D, Gardoni A, Dianiskova S, Bonetti S, Visconti L. Treatment of ankylosed deciduous molars with or without permanent successors in children and adolescents: a systematic review. Minerva Dent Oral Sci 2022; 70:276-285. [PMID: 35075891 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6329.21.04478-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this systematic review was to provide guidelines for decision-making during orthodontic treatment planning of infra-occluded deciduous molars with or without their successors in children and adolescents. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Computerized search was conducted on Medline via PubMed, and Cochrane Library. Articles published until 2020 in English language were analyzed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) Checklist. Observational and interventional longitudinal studies reporting the treatment of ankylosed deciduous molars with or without successor tooth in 3 to 15-year-old patients were included. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS In case of ankylosis with presence of successor, exfoliation took place in 77% of teeth, while extraction involved 23%. Infra-occlusion happened in 53% of teeth (worsening in 52%), alveolar bone loss in 37%, mesial tipping of first permanent molar in 5%, and over-eruption of antagonist in no cases (after exfoliation and eruption of successor). In case of ankylosis without successor, exfoliation took place in 1% of teeth, progression of infra-occlusion in 42%, progression of root resorption in 58%, development of mesial tipping of first permanent molars in 25%, while no case of antagonist over-eruption was reported. CONCLUSIONS When the permanent tooth is present and the ankylosed tooth is slightly or moderately infra-occluded, observation is appropriate. In case of severe infra-occlusion or absence of successor, tooth extraction may be considered together with orthodontic space closure, transplantation, or prosthetic replacement. Alternatively, nonextraction and a prosthetic build-up may be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Savoldi
- Orthodontics, Division of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R. -
| | - Domenico Dalessandri
- Dental School, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Arianna Gardoni
- Dental School, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Simona Dianiskova
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Stefano Bonetti
- Dental School, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luca Visconti
- Dental School, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Sangalli L, Dalessandri D, Bonetti S, Mandelli G, Visconti L, Savoldi F. Proposed parameters of optimal central incisor positioning in orthodontic treatment planning: A systematic review. Korean J Orthod 2022; 52:53-65. [PMID: 35046142 PMCID: PMC8770963 DOI: 10.4041/kjod.2022.52.1.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Planning of incisal position is crucial for optimal orthodontic treatment outcomes due to its consequences on facial esthetics and occlusion. A systematic summary of the proposed parameters is presented. METHODS Studies on Google Scholar©, PubMed©, and Cochrane Library, providing quantitative information on optimal central incisor position were included. RESULTS Upper incisors supero-inferior position (4-5 mm to upper lip, 67-73 mm to axial plane through pupils), antero-posterior position (3-4 mm to Nasion-A, 3-6 mm to A-Pogonion, 9-12 mm to true vertical line, 5 mm to A-projection, 9-10 mm to coronal plane through pupils), bucco-lingual angulation (4-7° to occlusal plane perpendicular on models, 20-22° to Nasion-A, 57-58° to upper occlusal plane, 16-20° to coronal plane through pupils, 108-110° to anterior-posterior nasal spine), mesio-distal angulation (5° to occlusal plane perpendicular on models). Lower incisors supero-inferior position (41-48 mm to soft-tissue mandibular plane), antero-posterior position (3-4 mm to Nasion-B, 1-3 mm to A-Pogonion, 12-15 mm to true vertical line, 6-8 mm to coronal plane through pupils), bucco-lingual angulation (1-4° to occlusal plane perpendicular on models, 87-94° to mandibular plane, 68° to Frankfurt plane, 22-25° to Nasion-B, 105° to occlusal plane, 64° to lower occlusal plane, 21° to A-Pogonion), mesio-distal angulation (2° to occlusal plane perpendicular on models). CONCLUSIONS Although these findings can provide clinical guideline, they derive from heterogeneous studies in terms of subject characteristics and reference methods. Therefore, the optimal incisal position remains debatable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Sangalli
- Dental School, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Division of Orofacial Pain, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Domenico Dalessandri
- Dental School, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefano Bonetti
- Dental School, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Gualtiero Mandelli
- Dental School, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luca Visconti
- Dental School, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fabio Savoldi
- Orthodontics, Division of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
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Sangalli L, Savoldi F, Dalessandri D, Bonetti S, Gu M, Signoroni A, Paganelli C. Effects of remote digital monitoring on oral hygiene of orthodontic patients: a prospective study. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:435. [PMID: 34493255 PMCID: PMC8422366 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01793-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Remote digital monitoring during orthodontic treatment can help patients in improving their oral hygiene performance and reducing the number of appointments due to emergency reasons, especially in time of COVID-19 pandemic where non-urgent appointments might be discouraged. Methods Thirty patients scheduled to start an orthodontic treatment were divided into two groups of fifteen. Compared to controls, study group patients were provided with scan box and cheek retractor (Dental Monitoring®) and were instructed to take monthly intra-oral scans. Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), and White Spot Lesions (WSL) were recorded for both groups at baseline (t0), every month for the first 3 months (t1, t2, t3), and at 6 months (t4). Carious Lesions Onset (CLO) and Emergency Appointments (EA) were also recorded during the observation period. Inter-group differences were assessed with Student's t test and Chi-square test, intra-group differences were assessed with Cochran’s Q-test (significance α = 0.05). Results Study group patients showed a significant improvement in plaque control at t3 (p = 0.010) and t4 (p = 0.039), compared to control group. No significant difference was observed in the number of WSL between the two groups. No cavities were detected in the study group, while five CLO were diagnosed in the control group (p = 0.049). A decreased number of EA was observed in the study group, but the difference was not significant. Conclusions Integration of a remote monitoring system during orthodontic treatment was effective in improving plaque control and reducing carious lesions onset. The present findings encourage orthodontists to consider this technology to help maintaining optimal oral health of patients, especially in times of health emergency crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Sangalli
- Department of Information Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123, Brescia, Italy.,Division of Orofacial Pain, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, 740 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Fabio Savoldi
- Division of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, 2/F, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Domenico Dalessandri
- Dental School, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefano Bonetti
- Dental School, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Min Gu
- Division of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, 2/F, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR.
| | - Alberto Signoroni
- Department of Information Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Corrado Paganelli
- Dental School, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
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2D vs. 3D Radiological Methods for Dental Age Determination around 18 Years: A Systematic Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10093094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The age of a living human being can be determined by applying a number of different methods; the most diffused are skeletal and dental methods, both principally based on X-rays examinations. This systematic review assesses the current evidence regarding the accuracy and reliability of Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) vs. Orthopantomography (OPG) in age determination. A computerized systematic literature search of studies published up to January 2020 was conducted without language restrictions in order to identify articles comparing CBCT vs. OPG in dental anatomy evaluation, articles evaluating the accuracy of dental methods for age estimation, both with CT and OPG exams, and articles comparing CBCT vs. OPG in terms of radiation dose. CBCT was found to be more accurate compared to OPG in dental anatomy evaluation. When analyzing young adults, an estimation error of two years is considered forensically acceptable. The radiation dose of a CBCT exam is higher compared to an OPG exam. However, the difference is not as marked with small Fields Of View (FOV) and low-resolution protocols. Final conclusion was that a small FOV CBCT centered on the mandibular angle of a young patient is an accurate and safe method for dental age estimation around the age of 18.
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Savoldi F, Papoutsi A, Dianiskova S, Dalessandri D, Bonetti S, Tsoi JKH, Matinlinna JP, Paganelli C. Resistance to sliding in orthodontics: misconception or method error? A systematic review and a proposal of a test protocol. Korean J Orthod 2018; 48:268-280. [PMID: 30003061 PMCID: PMC6041452 DOI: 10.4041/kjod.2018.48.4.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to sliding (RS) between the bracket, wire, and ligature has been largely debated in orthodontics. Despite the extensive number of published studies, the lack of discussion of the methods used has led to little understanding of this phenomenon. The aim of this study was to discuss variables affecting RS in orthodontics and to suggest an operative protocol. The search included PubMed©, Medline©, and the Cochrane Library©. References of full-text articles were manually analyzed. English-language articles published between January 2007 and January 2017 that performed an in vitro analysis of RS between the bracket, wire, and ligature were included. Study methods were analyzed based on the study design, description of materials, and experimental setup, and a protocol to standardize the testing methods was proposed. From 404 articles identified from the database search and 242 records selected from published references, 101 were eligible for the qualitative analysis, and six for the quantitative synthesis. One or more experimental parameters were incompatible and a meta-analysis was not performed. Major factors regarding the study design, materials, and experimental setup were not clearly described by most studies. The normal force, that is the force perpendicular to the sliding of the wire and one of the most relevant variable in RS, was not considered by most studies. Different variables were introduced, often acting as confounding factors. A protocol was suggested to standardize testing procedures and enhance the understanding of in vitro findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Savoldi
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Aggeliki Papoutsi
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical Faculty, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Simona Dianiskova
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical Faculty, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Domenico Dalessandri
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefano Bonetti
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - James K H Tsoi
- Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jukka P Matinlinna
- Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Corrado Paganelli
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Schmidt J, Guder U, Kreuz M, Löffler M, Kiess W, Hirsch C, Ziebolz D, Haak R. aMMP-8 in correlation to caries and periodontal condition in adolescents-results of the epidemiologic LIFE child study. Clin Oral Investig 2017; 22:449-460. [PMID: 28578462 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-017-2132-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The suitability of a chairside aMMP-8 test in determination of periodontal inflammation and caries in adolescents was assessed. Secondly, the influence of orthodontic treatment on aMMP-8 test result was analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Within the LIFE Child study, 434 adolescents (10 to 18 years) were included. Clinical dental examinations comprised caries experience (DMF/T-Index), signs of periodontal inflammation (probing pocket depth, PPD; community periodontal index of treatment needs; CPITN) at six index teeth and oral hygiene (OH). Information about orthodontic appliances (OA) and socioeconomic status (SES) were obtained by validated questionnaires. Test's sensitivity and specificity to detect periodontal inflammation and carious lesions were evaluated. The influence of OA on the test result was analyzed (multivariate model). RESULTS No associations between age, gender, SES or OH, and test outcome were found (p > 0.05). Positive test results correlated to periodontal findings (CPITN, mean PPD; p < 0.001). However, for the detection of ≥ 1 site(s) with PPD ≥ 4 mm, the test's sensitivity and specificity were found to be 61 and 69%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed a higher probability for a positive test result in cases of fixed OA (odds ratio 5.02, 95% confidence interval 1.90-13.19). The test had no diagnostic value considering carious lesions. CONCLUSIONS The chairside aMMP-8 test does not reliably identify adolescents with periodontal inflammation. Positive test results were more frequent in case of OA. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The chairside aMMP-8 test is no appropriate tool to screen children and adolescents neither for periodontal inflammation nor for carious lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Schmidt
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Ulrike Guder
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Kreuz
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics, and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04107, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Löffler
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics, and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04107, Leipzig, Germany.,LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthalstrasse 27, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthalstrasse 27, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20a, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.,Integrated Research and Treatment Center Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthalstrasse 27, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Hirsch
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dirk Ziebolz
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rainer Haak
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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