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Legesse E, Nigussie T, Girma D, Geleta LA, Dejene H, Deriba BS, Geleta TA, Sahlu D, Tesema M, Tilahun A, Awol M, Teshome F, Midaksa G, Bati F. Level of Adequate Knowledge of Non-communicable Diseases and Associated Factors Among Adult Residents of North Shewa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia: A Mixed-Method Approach. Front Public Health 2022; 10:892108. [PMID: 35812508 PMCID: PMC9260241 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.892108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are currently the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, posing significant challenges to global healthcare systems. Particularly, the prevalence of NCDs is rising in Ethiopia, resulting in a triple burden of diseases on the health system that disproportionately affects all age groups. Hence, this study aims to determine the level of adequate knowledge of NCDs and associated factors among adult residents of the North Shewa zone, Oromia region, Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study with a concurrent mixed-method approach was conducted from April 1, 2021 to May 30, 2021 among 846 residents using the multistage sampling technique. Interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data and a guiding checklist was used to collect qualitative data. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions were fitted to compute the association between explanatory variables and knowledge of NCDs. Adjusted odds ratios at 95% confidence interval with a p-value < 0.05 were used to decree statistical significance in multivariable analysis. Also, a thematic framework analysis was used for qualitative data analysis. Results A total of 823 subjects have participated in this study making a response rate of 97.3%. The level of adequate knowledge was 33.9% (95%CI: 30.67, 37.13). Higher-income, receiving information from health professionals, owning a TV, having a family member with NCD(s), and marital status were factors significantly associated with adequate knowledge of NCDs. Conclusion This study reveals a high level of inadequate knowledge of NCDs despite its foundational ability in tackling the burden of NCDs. As a result, broadening a wider and more comprehensive health promotion strategy for the prevention of triple burden of NCDs would benefit the population. Additionally, special efforts are needed both at the practice and policy levels targeting the disadvantaged groups, such as low-income people, those who do not receive information from health professionals, those who do not own a television, and those who are widowed/divorced, who were found to have less knowledge of NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsabeth Legesse
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Salale University, Fitche, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Nigussie
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Salale University, Fitche, Ethiopia
| | - Derara Girma
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Salale University, Fitche, Ethiopia
| | - Leta Adugna Geleta
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Salale University, Fitche, Ethiopia
| | - Hiwot Dejene
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Salale University, Fitche, Ethiopia
| | - Berhanu Senbeta Deriba
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Salale University, Fitche, Ethiopia
| | - Tinsae Abeya Geleta
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Salale University, Fitche, Ethiopia
| | - Degemu Sahlu
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Salale University, Fitche, Ethiopia
| | - Mengistu Tesema
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Salale University, Fitche, Ethiopia
| | - Ayele Tilahun
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Salale University, Fitche, Ethiopia
| | - Mukemil Awol
- Department of Midwifery, College of Health Science, Salale University, Fitche, Ethiopia
| | - Firanbon Teshome
- Department of Health Behavior and Society, Faculty of Public Health, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | - Gachana Midaksa
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Mizan Tepi University, Mizan Tepi, Ethiopia
| | - Feyiso Bati
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Dire Dawa University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
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Kamvura TT, Dambi JM, Chiriseri E, Turner J, Verhey R, Chibanda D. Barriers to the provision of non-communicable disease care in Zimbabwe: a qualitative study of primary health care nurses. BMC Nurs 2022; 21:64. [PMID: 35303865 PMCID: PMC8932172 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-022-00841-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) contribute significantly to the global disease burden, with low-and middle-income (LMICs) countries disproportionately affected. A significant knowledge gap in NCDs exacerbates the high burden, worsened by perennial health system challenges, including human and financial resources constraints. Primary health care workers play a crucial role in offering health care to most people in LMICs, and their views on the barriers to the provision of quality care for NCDs are critical. This study explored perceived barriers to providing NCDs care in primary health care facilities in Zimbabwe. METHODS In-depth, individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with general nurses in primary care facilities until data saturation was reached. We focused on diabetes, hypertension, and depression, the three most common conditions in primary care in Zimbabwe. We used thematic content analysis based on an interview guide developed following a situational analysis of NCDs care in Zimbabwe and views from patients with lived experiences. RESULTS Saturation was reached after interviewing 10 participants from five busy urban clinics. For all three NCDs, we identified four cross-cutting barriers, a) poor access to medication and functional equipment such as blood pressure machines, urinalysis strips; b) high cost of private care; c)poor working conditions; and d) poor awareness from both patients and the community which often resulted in the use of alternative potentially harmful remedies. Participants indicated that empowering communities could be an effective and low-cost approach to positive lifestyle changes and health-seeking behaviours. Participants indicated that the Friendship bench, a task-shifting programme working with trained community grandmothers, could provide a platform to introduce NCDs care at the community level. Also, creating community awareness and initiating screening at a community level through community health workers (CHWs) could reduce the workload on the clinic nursing staff. CONCLUSION Our findings reflect those from other LMICs, with poor work conditions and resources shortages being salient barriers to optimal NCDs care at the facility level. Zimbabwe's primary health care system faces several challenges that call for exploring ways to alleviate worker fatigue through strengthened community-led care for NCDs. Empowering communities could improve awareness and positive lifestyle changes, thus optimising NCD care. Further, there is a need to optimise NCD care in urban Zimbabwe through a holistic and multisectoral approach to improve working conditions, basic clinical supplies and essential drugs, which are the significant challenges facing the country's health care sector. The Friendship Bench could be an ideal entry point for providing an integrated NCD care package for diabetes, hypertension and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiny Tinashe Kamvura
- The Friendship Bench, Research Support Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe.
| | - Jermaine M Dambi
- The Friendship Bench, Rehabilitation Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Ephraim Chiriseri
- The Friendship Bench, Research Support Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Jean Turner
- The Friendship Bench, Research Support Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Ruth Verhey
- The Friendship Bench, Research Support Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Dixon Chibanda
- The Friendship Bench, Research Support Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
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