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Saengdee L, Phinyocheep P, Daniel P. Chemical modification of natural rubber in latex stage for improved thermal, oil, ozone and mechanical properties. J Polym Res 2020; 27. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-020-02246-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Nguyen TN, Duy HN, Anh DT, Thi TN, Nguyen TH, Van NN, Quang TT, Huy TN, Thi TT. Improvement of Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Vietnam Deproteinized Natural Rubber via Graft Copolymerization with Methyl Methacrylate. INT J POLYM SCI 2020; 2020:1-11. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/9037827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the improvement of the thermal and mechanical properties of Vietnam deproteinized natural rubber (DPNR) via graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA). The graft copolymerization was achieved successfully in latex stage using tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHPO) and tetra-ethylenepentamine (TEPA) as radical initiators at 30°C. By grafting with various MMA feeds and initiator concentration of 6.6×10−5 mol/g-rubber, the highest grafting efficiency and conversion were achieved at MMA of 15 wt.% per kg of rubber, 68% and 90%, respectively. The structure of grafted copolymers was characterized by 1H NMR, FTIR-ATR, and GPC, and thermal properties were investigated through DSC and TGA measurements. These showed that graft copolymers were more stable and rigid than DPNR. Storage modulus (G′) of graft copolymer was found to double that of DPNR, which contributed to the formation of graft copolymer. After sulfur vulcanization, the mechanical properties of DPNR-graft-PMMA, such as tensile strength, tear strength, and hardness, were improved significantly. Curing behaviors of the graft copolymers were found to be remarkably better than virgin DPNR.
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Piya-areetham P, Rempel GL, Prasassarakich P. Hydrogenated nanosized polyisoprene as a thermal and ozone stabilizer for natural rubber blends. Polym Degrad Stab 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2014.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Xicohtencatl-serrano H, García-leiner M, Cabrera-ortiz A, Herrera-nájera R. Synthesis and characterization of poly (styrene- b -[(butadiene) 1− x -(ethylene- co -butylene) x ] - b -styrene) star-like molecular polymers produced by partial hydrogenation of SBS. POLYM ENG SCI 2014; 54:2332-44. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.23796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Piya-areetham P, Prasassarakich P, Rempel GL. Organic solvent-free hydrogenation of natural rubber latex and synthetic polyisoprene emulsion catalyzed by water-soluble rhodium complexes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 372:151-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2013.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Pisuttisap A, Hinchiranan N, Rempel GL, Prasassarakich P. ABS modified with hydrogenated polystyrene-grafted-natural rubber. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.38691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ning S, Yang S, Wei X, Wang W, Zhang L, Yue D. Selective hydrogenation of nitrile-butadiene rubber catalyzed by thermoregulated phase transfer phosphine rhodium complex. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.34558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Hinchiranan N, Lertweerasirikun W, Poonsawad W, Rempel GL, Prasassarakich P. Hydrogenated natural rubber blends: Aspect on thermal stability and oxidative behavior. J Appl Polym Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/app.30034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kotzabasakis V, Hadjichristidis N, Papadogianakis G. Catalytic conversions in aqueous media: Part 3. Biphasic hydrogenation of polybutadiene catalyzed by Rh/TPPTS complexes in micellar systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2009.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hinchiranan N, Lertweerasirikun W, Poonsawad W, Rempel GL, Prasassarakich P. Cure characteristics and mechanical properties of hydrogenated natural rubber/natural rubber blends. J Appl Polym Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/app.29333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Ikeda Y, Phinyocheep P, Kittipoom S, Ruancharoen J, Kokubo Y, Morita Y, Hijikata K, Kohjiya S. Mechanical characteristics of hydrogenated natural rubber vulcanizates. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.1176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Biswas A, Bandyopadhyay A, Singha NK, Bhowmick AK. Chemical modification of metallocene-based polyethylene–octene elastomer through solution grafting of acrylic acid and its effect on the physico-mechanical properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/app.26374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Hinchiranan N, Charmondusit K, Prasassarakich P, Rempel GL. Hydrogenation of syntheticcis-1,4-polyisoprene and natural rubber catalyzed by [Ir(COD)py(PCy3)]PF6. J Appl Polym Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/app.23710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Hinchiranan N, Prasassarakich P, Rempel GL. Hydrogenation of natural rubber in the presence of OsHCL(CO)(O2)(PCY3)2: Kinetics and mechanism. J Appl Polym Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/app.22125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Mahittikul A, Prasassarakich P, Rempel GL. Hydrogenation of natural rubber latex in the presence of OsHCl(CO)(O2)(PCy3)2. J Appl Polym Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/app.23390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Kotzabasakis V, Georgopoulou E, Pitsikalis M, Hadjichristidis N, Papadogianakis G. Catalytic conversions in aqueous media: a novel and efficient hydrogenation of polybutadiene-1,4-block-poly(ethylene oxide) catalyzed by Rh/TPPTS complexes in mixed micellar nanoreactors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 231:93-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2005.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Tangthongkul R, Prasassarakich P, Rempel GL. Hydrogenation of natural rubber with Ru[CHCH(Ph)]Cl(CO)(PCy3)2 as a catalyst. J Appl Polym Sci 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/app.21922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Ramesan M, Alex R, Khanh N. Studies on the cure and mechanical properties of blends of natural rubber with dichlorocarbene modified styrene–butadiene rubber and chloroprene rubber. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2005; 62:41-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2004.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Tangthongkul R, Prasassarakich P, McManus NT, Rempel GL. Hydrogenation ofcis-1,4-polyisoprene catalyzed by Ru(CH?CH(Ph))Cl(CO)(PCy3)2. J Appl Polym Sci 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/app.13512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Escobar Barrios VA, Petit A, Pla F, Herrera Nájera R. Selective hydrogenation of butadiene–styrene copolymers using a Ziegler–Natta type catalyst 2. Thermal properties. Eur Polym J 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0014-3057(02)00380-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Charmondusit K, Prasassarakich P, McManus NT, Rempel GL. Hydrogenation ofcis-1,4-poly(isoprene) catalyzed by OsHCl(CO)(O2)(PCy3)2. J Appl Polym Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/app.12133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Sworen JC, Smith JA, Wagener KB, Baugh LS, Rucker SP. Modeling random methyl branching in ethylene/ propylene copolymers using metathesis chemistry: synthesis and thermal behavior. J Am Chem Soc 2003; 125:2228-40. [PMID: 12590552 DOI: 10.1021/ja020862v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The structure of random ethylene/propylene (EP) copolymers has been modeled using step polymerization chemistry. Six ethylene/propylene model copolymers have been prepared via acyclic diene metathesis (ADMET) polymerization and characterized for primary and higher level structure using in-depth NMR, IR, DSC, WAXD, and GPC analysis. These copolymers possess 1.5, 7.1, 13.6, 25.0, 43.3, and 55.6 methyl branches per 1000 carbons. Examination of these macromolecules by IR and WAXD analysis has demonstrated the first hexagonal phase in EP copolymers containing high ethylene content (90%) without the influence of sample manipulation (temperature, pressure, or radiation). Thermal behavior studies have shown that the melting point and heat of fusion decrease as the branch content increases. Further, comparisons have been made between these random ADMET EP copolymers, random EP copolymers made by typical chain addition techniques, and precisely branched ADMET EP copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Sworen
- The George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, USA
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Escobar Barrios VA, Herrera Nájera R, Petit A, Pla F. Selective hydrogenation of butadiene–styrene copolymers using a Ziegler–Natta type catalyst. Eur Polym J 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0014-3057(99)00273-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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