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Lluís N, Kunzler F, Asbun D, Jimenez RE, Asbun HJ. Incidence and outcomes of postoperative fluid collections after minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy without placement of surgical drain. A prospective observational cohort study. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 2024. [PMID: 38520044 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.1423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE There is uncertainty about the role of prophylactic intra-abdominal drains after distal pancreatectomy. In the present study, we aimed to describe the long-term outcomes of postoperative pancreatic collections in patients who underwent a minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy (MIDP) without surgical drain placement. METHODS From 2018 to 2022, consecutive patients who underwent a MIDP were recorded. Patients were followed at 90 days, 6 months, and in the long term. The use of interventional procedures and antibiotic therapy were documented, and the overall evolution of the collections was assessed. RESULTS A total of 91 patients underwent MIDP; 11 were excluded; 80 were analyzed. Median age was 63 (51-73) years; 61.3% were women. Most lesions (71.3%) were malignant; 15 patients received neoadjuvant therapy. Procedures were laparoscopic (87.5%) or robotic (12.5%). Incidence of postoperative pancreatic collections was 33%; 10 patients were symptomatic. Interventional endoscopic (n = 3) or percutaneous (n = 3) procedures were required. At a follow-up of 24 (17.5-33.1) months, 18 collections resolved completely, eight partially, and one increased. CONCLUSIONS Patients who undergo MIDP without surgical drain placement develop well-tolerated pancreatic collections. Although a minority may require endoscopic or percutaneous drainage, the majority can be managed conservatively and resolve spontaneously in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Lluís
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Miami Cancer Institute, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Filipe Kunzler
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Miami Cancer Institute, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Domenech Asbun
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Miami Cancer Institute, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Ramon E Jimenez
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Miami Cancer Institute, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Horacio J Asbun
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Miami Cancer Institute, Miami, Florida, USA
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Li KW, Wang K, Hu YP, Yang C, Deng YX, Wang XY, Liu YX, Li WQ, Ding WW. Initial suction drainage decreases severe postoperative complications after pancreatic trauma: A cohort study. World J Gastrointest Surg 2023; 15:1652-1662. [PMID: 37701705 PMCID: PMC10494579 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v15.i8.1652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have addressed the question of which drain types are more beneficial for patients with pancreatic trauma (PT). AIM To investigate whether sustained low negative pressure irrigation (NPI) suction drainage is superior to closed passive gravity (PG) drainage in PT patients. METHODS PT patients who underwent pancreatic surgery were enrolled consecutively at a referral trauma center from January 2009 to October 2021. The primary outcome was defined as the occurrence of severe complications (Clavien-Dindo grade ≥ Ⅲb). Multivariable logistic regression was used to model the primary outcome, and propensity score matching (PSM) was included in the regression-based sensitivity analysis. RESULTS In this study, 146 patients underwent initial PG drainage, and 50 underwent initial NPI suction drainage. In the entire cohort, a multivariable logistic regression model showed that the adjusted risk for severe complications was decreased with NPI suction drainage [14/50 (28.0%) vs 66/146 (45.2%); odds ratio (OR), 0.437; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.203-0.940]. After 1:1 PSM, 44 matched pairs were identified. The proportion of each operative procedure performed for pancreatic injury-related and other intra-abdominal organ injury-related cases was comparable in the matched cohort. NPI suction drainage still showed a lower risk for severe complications [11/44 (25.0%) vs 21/44 (47.7%); OR, 0.365; 95%CI: 0.148-0.901]. A forest plot revealed that NPI suction drainage was associated with a lower risk of Clavien-Dindo severity in most subgroups. CONCLUSION This study, based on one of the largest PT populations in a single high-volume center, revealed that initial NPI suction drainage could be recommended as a safe and effective alternative for managing complex PT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Wei Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Division of Trauma and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yue-Peng Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Division of Trauma and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yun-Xuan Deng
- Division of Trauma and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xin-Yu Wang
- Division of Trauma and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu-Xiu Liu
- Division of Data and Statistics, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei-Qin Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei-Wei Ding
- Division of Trauma and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
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Wu AGR, Mohan R, Fong KY, Chen Z, Bonney GK, Kow AWC, Ganpathi IS, Pang NQ. Early vs late drain removal after pancreatic resection-a systematic review and meta-analysis. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2023; 408:317. [PMID: 37587225 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-023-03053-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reducing clinically relevant post-operative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) incidence after pancreatic resections has been a topic of great academic interest. Optimizing post-operative drain management is a potential strategy in reducing this major complication. METHODS Studies involving pancreatic resections, including both pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) and distal pancreatic resections (DP), with intra-operative drain placement were screened. Early drain removal was defined as removal before or on the 3rd post-operative day (POD) while late drain removal was defined as after the 3rd POD. The primary outcome was CR-POPF, International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS) Grade B and above. Secondary outcomes were all complications, severe complications, post-operative haemorrhage, intra-abdominal infections, delayed gastric emptying, reoperation, length of stay, readmission, and mortality. RESULTS Nine studies met the inclusion criteria and were included for analysis. The studies had a total of 8574 patients, comprising 1946 in the early removal group and 6628 in the late removal group. Early drain removal was associated with a significantly lower risk of CR-POPF (OR: 0.24, p < 0.01). Significant reduction in risk of post-operative haemorrhage (OR: 0.55, p < 0.01), intra-abdominal infection (OR: 0.35, p < 0.01), re-admission (OR: 0.63, p < 0.01), re-operation (OR: 0.70, p = 0.03), presence of any complications (OR: 0.46, p < 0.01), and reduced length of stay (SMD: -0.75, p < 0.01) in the early removal group was also observed. CONCLUSION Early drain removal is associated with significant reductions in incidence of CR-POPF and other post-operative complications. Further prospective randomised trials in this area are recommended to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Guan Ru Wu
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ramkumar Mohan
- Division of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Khi Yung Fong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhaojin Chen
- Biostatistics Unit, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Glenn Kunnath Bonney
- Division of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Adult Liver Transplantation Programme, National University Centre for Organ Transplantation, National University Hospital, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
| | - Alfred Wei Chieh Kow
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Adult Liver Transplantation Programme, National University Centre for Organ Transplantation, National University Hospital, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
| | - Iyer Shridhar Ganpathi
- Division of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Adult Liver Transplantation Programme, National University Centre for Organ Transplantation, National University Hospital, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
| | - Ning Qi Pang
- Division of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
- Adult Liver Transplantation Programme, National University Centre for Organ Transplantation, National University Hospital, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore, 119074, Singapore.
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Juez LD, Payno E, de Vicente I, Lisa E, Molina JM, Lobo Martínez E, Fernández Cebrián JM, Sanjuanbenito A. C-reactive protein postoperative values to predict clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula after distal pancreatectomy. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2023; 115:362-367. [PMID: 35748434 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2022.8795/2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION despite significant medical and technological advances, the incidence of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) after distal pancreatectomy (DP) is reported to be between 3-45 %. The main objective of this study was to analyze the early post-surgical risk factors for developing POPF after DP. MATERIAL AND METHODS a retrospective observational study was performed on a prospective basis of patients undergoing DP in a tertiary hospital from January 2011 to December 2021. Sociodemographic, preoperative analytical, tumor-related and postoperative complications variables were analyzed. RESULTS of the 52 patients analyzed, 71.8 % of the sample had postoperative drains amylase elevation. However, 25.7 % of the total had grade-B and/or grade-C POPF. Univariate logistic regression with the variables studied showed the following as risk factors for B-C or clinically relevant POPF: amylase values in drainage at the 5th postoperative day (POD) (p = 0.097; 1.01 [1-1.01]), preoperative BMI (p = 0.015; 1.27 [1.04-1.55]) and C-reactive protein (CRP) value at the 3rd POD (p = 0.034; 1.01 [1.01-1.02]). The ROC curve of CRP value at the 3rd POD showed an area under the curve of 0.764 (95 % CI: 0.6-0.93) and the best cut-off point was 190 mg/l (sensitivity 89 % and specificity 67 %). CONCLUSIONS CRP value at the 3rd POD is a predictive factor for POPF after DP. Early detection of patients at risk of POPF based on these characteristics could have an impact on their postoperative management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz Divina Juez
- General Surgery, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, España
| | - Elena Payno
- General Surgery, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal
| | | | - Eduardo Lisa
- General Surgery, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is one of the most frequent and potentially life-threatening complications following pancreatic surgery. Fibrin sealants have been used in some centres to reduce POPF rate. However, the use of fibrin sealant during pancreatic surgery is controversial. This is an update of a Cochrane Review last published in 2020. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the benefits and harms of fibrin sealant use for the prevention of POPF (grade B or C) in people undergoing pancreatic surgery compared to no fibrin sealant use. SEARCH METHODS We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, two other databases, and five trials registers on 09 March 2023, together with reference checking, citation searching, and contacting study authors to identify additional studies. SELECTION CRITERIA We included all randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared fibrin sealant (fibrin glue or fibrin sealant patch) versus control (no fibrin sealant or placebo) in people undergoing pancreatic surgery. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. MAIN RESULTS We included 14 RCTs, randomising 1989 participants, comparing fibrin sealant use versus no fibrin sealant use for different locations: stump closure reinforcement (eight trials), pancreatic anastomosis reinforcement (five trials), or main pancreatic duct occlusion (two trials). Six RCTs were carried out in single centres; two in dual centres; and six in multiple centres. One RCT was conducted in Australia; one in Austria; two in France; three in Italy; one in Japan; two in the Netherlands; two in South Korea; and two in the USA. The mean age of the participants ranged from 50.0 years to 66.5 years. All RCTs were at high risk of bias. Application of fibrin sealants to pancreatic stump closure reinforcement after distal pancreatectomy We included eight RCTs involving 1119 participants: 559 were randomised to the fibrin sealant group and 560 to the control group after distal pancreatectomy. Fibrin sealant use may result in little to no difference in the rate of POPF (risk ratio (RR) 0.94, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.73 to 1.21; 5 studies, 1002 participants; low-certainty evidence) and overall postoperative morbidity (RR 1.20, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.48; 4 studies, 893 participants; low-certainty evidence). After fibrin sealant use, approximately 199 people (155 to 256 people) out of 1000 developed POPF compared with 212 people out of 1000 when no fibrin sealant was used. The evidence is very uncertain about the effect of fibrin sealant use on postoperative mortality (Peto odds ratio (OR) 0.39, 95% CI 0.12 to 1.29; 7 studies, 1051 participants; very low-certainty evidence) and total length of hospital stay (mean difference (MD) 0.99 days, 95% CI -1.83 to 3.82; 2 studies, 371 participants; very low-certainty evidence). Fibrin sealant use may reduce the reoperation rate slightly (RR 0.40, 95% CI 0.18 to 0.90; 3 studies, 623 participants; low-certainty evidence). Serious adverse events were reported in five studies (732 participants), and there were no serious adverse events related to fibrin sealant use (low-certainty evidence). The studies did not report quality of life or cost-effectiveness. Application of fibrin sealants to pancreatic anastomosis reinforcement after pancreaticoduodenectomy We included five RCTs involving 519 participants: 248 were randomised to the fibrin sealant group and 271 to the control group after pancreaticoduodenectomy. The evidence is very uncertain about the effect of fibrin sealant use on the rate of POPF (RR 1.34, 95% CI 0.72 to 2.48; 3 studies, 323 participants; very low-certainty evidence), postoperative mortality (Peto OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.05 to 1.06; 5 studies, 517 participants; very low-certainty evidence), reoperation rate (RR 0.74, 95% CI 0.33 to 1.66; 3 studies, 323 participants; very low-certainty evidence), and total hospital cost (MD -1489.00 US dollars, 95% CI -3256.08 to 278.08; 1 study, 124 participants; very low-certainty evidence). After fibrin sealant use, approximately 130 people (70 to 240 people) out of 1000 developed POPF compared with 97 people out of 1000 when no fibrin sealant was used. Fibrin sealant use may result in little to no difference both in overall postoperative morbidity (RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.87 to 1.19; 4 studies, 447 participants; low-certainty evidence) and in total length of hospital stay (MD -0.33 days, 95% CI -2.30 to 1.63; 4 studies, 447 participants; low-certainty evidence). Serious adverse events were reported in two studies (194 participants), and there were no serious adverse events related to fibrin sealant use (very low-certainty evidence). The studies did not report quality of life. Application of fibrin sealants to pancreatic duct occlusion after pancreaticoduodenectomy We included two RCTs involving 351 participants: 188 were randomised to the fibrin sealant group and 163 to the control group after pancreaticoduodenectomy. The evidence is very uncertain about the effect of fibrin sealant use on postoperative mortality (Peto OR 1.41, 95% CI 0.63 to 3.13; 2 studies, 351 participants; very low-certainty evidence), overall postoperative morbidity (RR 1.16, 95% CI 0.67 to 2.02; 2 studies, 351 participants; very low-certainty evidence), and reoperation rate (RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.52 to 1.41; 2 studies, 351 participants; very low-certainty evidence). Fibrin sealant use may result in little to no difference in the total length of hospital stay (median 16 to 17 days versus 17 days; 2 studies, 351 participants; low-certainty evidence). Serious adverse events were reported in one study (169 participants; low-certainty evidence): more participants developed diabetes mellitus when fibrin sealants were applied to pancreatic duct occlusion, both at three months' follow-up (33.7% fibrin sealant group versus 10.8% control group; 29 participants versus 9 participants) and 12 months' follow-up (33.7% fibrin sealant group versus 14.5% control group; 29 participants versus 12 participants). The studies did not report POPF, quality of life, or cost-effectiveness. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Based on the current available evidence, fibrin sealant use may result in little to no difference in the rate of POPF in people undergoing distal pancreatectomy. The evidence is very uncertain about the effect of fibrin sealant use on the rate of POPF in people undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. The effect of fibrin sealant use on postoperative mortality is uncertain in people undergoing either distal pancreatectomy or pancreaticoduodenectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Lai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiyi Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sirong He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yao Cheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nansheng Cheng
- Department of Bile Duct Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yilei Deng
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiong Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Pang HY, Chen LH, Chen XF, Yan MH, Chen ZX, Sun H. Prophylactic drainage versus non-drainage following gastric cancer surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and observational studies. World J Surg Oncol 2023; 21:166. [PMID: 37270519 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-03054-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of prophylactic drainage (PD) in gastrectomy for gastric cancer (GC) is not well-established. The purpose of this study is to compare the perioperative outcomes between the PD and non-drainage (ND) in GC patients undergoing gastrectomy. METHODS A systematic review of electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure was performed up to December 2022. All eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies were included and meta-analyzed separately. The registration number of this protocol is PROSPERO CRD42022371102. RESULTS Overall, 7 RCTs (783 patients) and 14 observational studies (4359 patients) were ultimately included. Data from RCTs indicated that patients in the ND group had a lower total complications rate (OR = 0.68; 95%CI:0.47-0.98; P = 0.04; I2 = 0%), earlier time to soft diet (MD = - 0.27; 95%CI: - 0.55 to 0.00; P = 0.05; I2 = 0%) and shorter length of hospital stay (MD = - 0.98; 95%CI: - 1.71 to - 0.26; P = 0.007; I2 = 40%). While other outcomes including anastomotic leakage, duodenal stump leakage, pancreatic leakage, intra-abdominal abscess, surgical-site infection, pulmonary infection, need for additional drainage, reoperation rate, readmission rate, and mortality were not significantly different between the two groups. Meta-analyses on observational studies showed good agreement with the pooled results from RCTs, with higher statistical power. CONCLUSION The present meta-analysis suggests that routine use of PD may not be necessary and even harmful in GC patients following gastrectomy. However, well-designed RCTs with risk-stratified randomization are still needed to validate the results of our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Yang Pang
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Li-Hui Chen
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiu-Feng Chen
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Meng-Hua Yan
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi-Xiong Chen
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.
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Schena CA, de’Angelis GL, Carra MC, Bianchi G, de’Angelis N. Antimicrobial Challenge in Acute Care Surgery. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11101315. [PMID: 36289973 PMCID: PMC9598495 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11101315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The burden of infections in acute care surgery (ACS) is huge. Surgical emergencies alone account for three million admissions per year in the United States (US) with estimated financial costs of USD 28 billion per year. Acute care facilities and ACS patients represent boost sanctuaries for the emergence, development and transmission of infections and multi-resistant organisms. According to the World Health Organization, healthcare-associated infections affected around 4 million cases in Europe and 1.7 million in the US alone in 2011 with 39,000 and 99,000 directly attributable deaths, respectively. In this scenario, antimicrobial resistance arose as a public-health emergency that worsens patients’ morbidity and mortality and increases healthcare costs. The optimal patient care requires the application of comprehensive evidence-based policies and strategies aiming at minimizing the impact of healthcare associated infections and antimicrobial resistance, while optimizing the treatment of intra-abdominal infections. The present review provides a snapshot of two hot topics, such as antimicrobial resistance and systemic inflammatory response, and three milestones of infection management, such as source control, infection prevention, and control and antimicrobial stewardship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Alberto Schena
- Unit of Digestive and HPB Surgery, CARE Department, Henri Mondor Hospital, AP-HP, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Gian Luigi de’Angelis
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Maria Clotilde Carra
- Rothschild Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, U.F.R. of Odontology, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Giorgio Bianchi
- Unit of Digestive and HPB Surgery, CARE Department, Henri Mondor Hospital, AP-HP, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Nicola de’Angelis
- Unit of Digestive and HPB Surgery, CARE Department, Henri Mondor Hospital, AP-HP, 94010 Créteil, France
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Wouters D, Cavallaro G, Jensen KK, East B, Jíšová B, Jorgensen LN, López-Cano M, Rodrigues-Gonçalves V, Stabilini C, Berrevoet F. The European Hernia Society Prehabilitation Project: A Systematic Review of Intra-Operative Prevention Strategies for Surgical Site Occurrences in Ventral Hernia Surgery. Front Surg 2022; 9:847279. [PMID: 35910469 PMCID: PMC9326087 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.847279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ventral hernia repair is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures worldwide. To reduce the risk of complications, pre- and intra-operative strategies have received increasing focus in recent years. To assess possible preventive surgical strategies, this European Hernia Society endorsed project was launched. The aim of this review was to evaluate the current literature focusing on pre- and intra-operative strategies for surgical site occurrences (SSO) and specifically surgical site infection (SSI) in ventral hernia repair. Methods A systematic review was conducted and reported in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Databases used were Pubmed and Web of Science. Original retrospective or prospective human adult studies describing at least one intra-operative intervention to reduce SSO after ventral hernia repair were considered eligible. Results From a total of 4775 results, a total of 18 papers were considered suitable after full text reading. Prehospital chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) scrub appears to increase the risk of SSO in patients undergoing ventral hernia repair, while there is no association between any type of surgical hat worn and the incidence of postoperative wound events. Intraoperative measures as prophylactic negative pressure therapy, surgical drain placement and the use of quilt sutures seem beneficial for decreasing the incidence of SSO and/or SSI. No positive effect has been shown for antibiotic soaking of a synthetic mesh, nor for the use of fibrin sealants. Conclusion This review identified a limited amount of literature describing specific preventive measures and techniques during ventral hernia repair. An advantage of prophylactic negative pressure therapy in prevention of SSI was observed, but different tools to decrease SSIs and SSOs continuously further need our full attention to improve patient outcomes and to lower overall costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Wouters
- Department for General and HPB Surgery and Liver Transplantation, University Hospital Gent, Gent, Belgium
| | - G. Cavallaro
- Department for General and HPB Surgery and Liver Transplantation, University Hospital Gent, Gent, Belgium
| | - Kristian K. Jensen
- Digestive Disease Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - B. East
- 3rd Department of Surgery and 1st Medical Faculty of Charles University, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - B. Jíšová
- 3rd Department of Surgery and 1st Medical Faculty of Charles University, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L. N. Jorgensen
- Digestive Disease Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M. López-Cano
- Abdominal Wall Surgery Unit, Department of General Surgery, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - V. Rodrigues-Gonçalves
- Abdominal Wall Surgery Unit, Department of General Surgery, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C. Stabilini
- Department of Surgery, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- European Hernia Society, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - F. Berrevoet
- Department for General and HPB Surgery and Liver Transplantation, University Hospital Gent, Gent, Belgium
- Correspondence: Frederik Berrevoet
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