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Tang J, Liang H, Ren A, Ma L, Hao W, Yao Y, Zheng L, Li H, Li Q. Mechanical Performance of Copper-Nanocluster-Polymer Nanolattices. Adv Mater 2024:e2400080. [PMID: 38553432 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202400080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
A type of copper-nanocluster-polymer composites is reported and showcased that their 3D nanolattices exhibit a superior combination of high strength, toughness, deformability, resilience, and damage-tolerance. Notably, the strength and toughness of ultralight copper-nanocluster-polymer nanolattices in some cases surpass current best performers, including alumina, nickel, and other ceramic or metallic lattices at low densities. Additionally, copper-nanocluster-polymer nanolattices are super-resilient, crack-resistant, and one-step printed under ambient condition which can be easily integrated into sophisticated microsystems as highly effective internal protectors. The findings suggest that, unlike traditional nanocomposites, the laser-induced interface and the high fraction of ultrasmall Cu15 nanoclusters as crosslinking junctions contribute to the marked nonlinear elasticity of copper-nanocluster-polymer network, which synergizes with the lattice-topology effect and culminates in the exceptional mechanical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Tang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Heyi Liang
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - An Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Liang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Wei Hao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yuqing Yao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Letian Zheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Hanying Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Qi Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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2
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Jenczyk J. Tetrahedron clusters serving as a platform for foam-like structure design. Nanoscale Adv 2024; 6:1183-1192. [PMID: 38356615 PMCID: PMC10863715 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00470h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
There are a number of exceptional examples indicating the unique position of tetrahedral symmetry in the vast landscape of different spatial organization pathways which can be sampled by matter. This work shows that the design and analysis of relatively simple tetrahedron clusters can lead to the formulation of a new type of dendritic structure together with unique periodic frameworks resembling clathrates and foams. A simple sequential protocol leading from regular tetrahedron clusters to more complex structural motifs can be employed to determine interesting repetitive building units. Accordingly, four different hierarchical superstructures are introduced, in which the dominant population of nodes is based on tetrahedral symmetry. The introduced architectures could be of particular interest for the field of regenerative medicine and metamaterial engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Jenczyk
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3 61-614 Poznań Poland
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3
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Wang X, Li X, Li Z, Wang Z, Zhai W. Superior Strength, Toughness, and Damage-Tolerance Observed in Microlattices of Aperiodic Unit Cells. Small 2024:e2307369. [PMID: 38183382 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Characterized by periodic cellular unit cells, microlattices offer exceptional potential as lightweight and robust materials. However, their inherent periodicity poses the risk of catastrophic global failure. To address this limitation, a novel approach, that is to introduce microlattices composed of aperiodic unit cells inspired by Einstein's tile, where the orientation of cells never repeats in the same orientation is proposed. Experiments and simulations are conducted to validate the concept by comparing compressive responses of the aperiodic microlattices with those of common periodic microlattices. Indeed, the microlattices exhibit stable and progressive compressive deformation, contrasting with catastrophic fracture of periodic structures. At the same relative density, the microlattices outperform the periodic ones, exhibiting fracture strain, energy absorption, crushing stress efficiency, and smoothness coefficients at least 830%, 300%, 130%, and 160% higher, respectively. These improvements can be attributed to aperiodicity, where diverse failure thresholds exist locally due to varying strut angles and contact modes during compression. This effectively prevents both global fracture and abrupt stress drops. Furthermore, the aperiodic microlattice exhibits good damage tolerance with excellent deformation recoverability, retaining 76% ultimate stress post-recovery at 30% compressive strain. Overall, a novel concept of adopting aperiodic cell arrangements to achieve damage-tolerant microlattice metamaterials is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Wang
- School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410075, P. R. China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Xinwei Li
- Faculty of Science, Agriculture, & Engineering, Newcastle University, Singapore, 567739, Singapore
| | - Zhendong Li
- School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410075, P. R. China
| | - Zhonggang Wang
- School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410075, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
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4
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Buchner TJK, Rogler S, Weirich S, Armati Y, Cangan BG, Ramos J, Twiddy ST, Marini DM, Weber A, Chen D, Ellson G, Jacob J, Zengerle W, Katalichenko D, Keny C, Matusik W, Katzschmann RK. Vision-controlled jetting for composite systems and robots. Nature 2023; 623:522-530. [PMID: 37968527 PMCID: PMC10651485 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06684-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Recreating complex structures and functions of natural organisms in a synthetic form is a long-standing goal for humanity1. The aim is to create actuated systems with high spatial resolutions and complex material arrangements that range from elastic to rigid. Traditional manufacturing processes struggle to fabricate such complex systems2. It remains an open challenge to fabricate functional systems automatically and quickly with a wide range of elastic properties, resolutions, and integrated actuation and sensing channels2,3. We propose an inkjet deposition process called vision-controlled jetting that can create complex systems and robots. Hereby, a scanning system captures the three-dimensional print geometry and enables a digital feedback loop, which eliminates the need for mechanical planarizers. This contactless process allows us to use continuously curing chemistries and, therefore, print a broader range of material families and elastic moduli. The advances in material properties are characterized by standardized tests comparing our printed materials to the state-of-the-art. We directly fabricated a wide range of complex high-resolution composite systems and robots: tendon-driven hands, pneumatically actuated walking manipulators, pumps that mimic a heart and metamaterial structures. Our approach provides an automated, scalable, high-throughput process to manufacture high-resolution, functional multimaterial systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon Rogler
- Soft Robotics Lab, D-MAVT, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Weirich
- Soft Robotics Lab, D-MAVT, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yannick Armati
- Soft Robotics Lab, D-MAVT, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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5
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Wen R, Wang Z, Yi J, Hu Y. Bending-activated biotensegrity structure enables female Megarhyssa to cross the barrier of Euler's critical force. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadi8284. [PMID: 37851796 PMCID: PMC10584334 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi8284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The parasitic female Megarhyssa has a hair-like ovipositor capable of withstanding a penetration force 10 times greater than Euler's critical force, using a reciprocating penetration method. Understanding and replicating this penetration mechanism may notably broaden the application scenarios of artificial slender elements. Here, we show that the Megarhyssa's stretched intersegmental membrane and precurved abdomen activate the multipart ovipositor as a biotensegrity structure. The ovipositor's first and second valvulae alternately retract and protract, with each retracted valvula forming a tension network to support the other under compression, resulting in an exponentially increased critical force. We validated this mechanism in a multipart flexible microneedle that withstood a penetration force of 2.5× Euler's critical force and in a lightweight industrial robot that achieved intrinsic safety through its ideal dual-stiffness characteristic. This finding could potentially elucidate the high efficiency of insect probes and inspire more efficient and safer engineering designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongwei Wen
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 000000, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 000000, China
- Department of Computer Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 000000, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Juan Yi
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yong Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 000000, China
- Orthopedics Center, The University of Hong Kong–Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518048, China
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6
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Solyaev YO, Ustenko AD, Babaytsev AV, Dobryanskiy VN. Improved mechanical performance of quasi-cubic lattice metamaterials with asymmetric joints. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14846. [PMID: 37684275 PMCID: PMC10491757 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41614-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a simple method for the modification of the unit cells in the lattice metamaterials that provides an improvement of their impact strength. The idea is based on the introduction of small mutual offsets of the interconnected struts inside the unit cells. In such way, the joints between the struts become asymmetric and the overall geometry of the unit cells can be defined as the quasi-cubic with the axis of chirality. Considering four types of cubic lattices with BCC, BCT, FCC and octahedron structures, we modified their geometry and investigated the influence of the offsets and the unit cell size on the overall performance in static and dynamic tests. From the experiments we found that the small offsets (less than the strut diameter) can allow to increase the impact strength of 3d-printed polymeric specimens in 1.5-3 times remaining almost the same density and static mechanical properties. Based on the numerical simulations, we show that the explanation of the observed phenomena can be related to the increase of plastic deformations and damage accumulation in the unit-cells with asymmetric joints leading to the transition from the quasi-brittle to the ductile type of fracture in tested specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury O Solyaev
- Institute of Applied Mechanics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Leningradsky ave., 4, Moscow, Russia, 125090.
- Moscow Aviation Institute, Volokolamskoe ave., Moscow, Russia, 125993.
| | - Anastasia D Ustenko
- Institute of Applied Mechanics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Leningradsky ave., 4, Moscow, Russia, 125090
- Moscow Aviation Institute, Volokolamskoe ave., Moscow, Russia, 125993
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7
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Abstract
There has been a compelling demand of fabricating high-resolution complex three-dimensional (3D) structures in nanotechnology. While two-photon lithography (TPL) largely satisfies the need since its introduction, its low writing speed and high cost make it impractical for many large-scale applications. We report a digital holography-based TPL platform that realizes parallel printing with up to 2000 individually programmable laser foci to fabricate complex 3D structures with 90 nm resolution. This effectively improves the fabrication rate to 2,000,000 voxels/sec. The promising result is enabled by the polymerization kinetics under a low-repetition-rate regenerative laser amplifier, where the smallest features are defined via a single laser pulse at 1 kHz. We have fabricated large-scale metastructures and optical devices of up to centimeter-scale to validate the predicted writing speed, resolution, and cost. The results confirm our method provides an effective solution for scaling up TPL for applications beyond laboratory prototyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Ouyang
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Xiayi Xu
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Wanping Lu
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Ni Zhao
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
- Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, Hong Kong.
| | - Shih-Chi Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
- Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, Hong Kong.
- Centre for Perceptual and Interactive Intelligence, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.
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8
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Ye H, Liu Q, Cheng J, Li H, Jian B, Wang R, Sun Z, Lu Y, Ge Q. Multimaterial 3D printed self-locking thick-panel origami metamaterials. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1607. [PMID: 36959260 PMCID: PMC10036479 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37343-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Thick-panel origami has shown great potential in engineering applications. However, the thick-panel origami created by current design methods cannot be readily adopted to structural applications due to the inefficient manufacturing methods. Here, we report a design and manufacturing strategy for creating thick-panel origami structures with excellent foldability and capability of withstanding cyclic loading. We directly print thick-panel origami through a single fused deposition modeling (FDM) multimaterial 3D printer following a wrapping-based fabrication strategy where the rigid panels are wrapped and connected by highly stretchable soft parts. Through stacking two thick-panel origami panels into a predetermined configuration, we develop a 3D self-locking thick-panel origami structure that deforms by following a push-to-pull mode enabling the origami structure to support a load over 11000 times of its own weight and sustain more than 100 cycles of 40% compressive strain. After optimizing geometric parameters through a self-built theoretical model, we demonstrate that the mechanical response of the self-locking thick-panel origami structure is highly programmable, and such multi-layer origami structure can have a substantially improved impact energy absorption for various structural applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Ye
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Soft Mechanics & Smart Manufacturing, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qingjiang Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Soft Mechanics & Smart Manufacturing, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jianxiang Cheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Soft Mechanics & Smart Manufacturing, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Honggeng Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Soft Mechanics & Smart Manufacturing, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Bingcong Jian
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Soft Mechanics & Smart Manufacturing, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Soft Mechanics & Smart Manufacturing, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zechu Sun
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Soft Mechanics & Smart Manufacturing, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Nano-Manufacturing Laboratory (NML), Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Qi Ge
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Soft Mechanics & Smart Manufacturing, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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9
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Zhang X, Xie X, Li Y, Li B, Yan S, Wen P. Mechanical Behavior of Al-Si10-Mg P-TPMS Structure Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting and a Unified Mathematical Model with Geometrical Parameter. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:468. [PMID: 36676206 PMCID: PMC9861189 DOI: 10.3390/ma16020468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Compared with the traditional lattice structure, the triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) structure can avoid stress concentration effectively. Here, it is promising in the fields of lightweight and energy absorption. However, the number of structural parameters and mechanical properties of the TPMS structure is plentiful, and the relationship between them is unclassified. In this paper, for the first time, a unified mathematical model was proposed to establish the relationship between TPMS structural design parameters and mechanical properties. Fifteen primitive models were designed by changing the structural parameters (level-set value C and thickness T) and manufacturing by selective laser melting. The geometric defects and surface quality of the structures were explored by optical microscope and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mechanical properties were investigated by quasi-static compression test and finite element simulation. The influence of building direction on structural mechanical behavior (failure mode, stress-strain curve) was studied. The real mechanical properties (Young's modulus and plateau stress) of the structure could be predicted according to different C and T combinations. Finally, the energy absorption characteristics were explored. The results showed that when the C value is 0.6 in the range of 0-0.6, the energy absorption performance of the structure is at the maximum level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Theory and Application of Advanced Materials Mechanics, School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiangyu Xie
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Theory and Application of Advanced Materials Mechanics, School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yongjing Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Theory and Application of Advanced Materials Mechanics, School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bin Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Shilin Yan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Theory and Application of Advanced Materials Mechanics, School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Pin Wen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Theory and Application of Advanced Materials Mechanics, School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
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10
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Li Q, Kulikowski J, Doan D, Tertuliano OA, Zeman CJ, Wang MM, Schatz GC, Gu XW. Mechanical nanolattices printed using nanocluster-based photoresists. Science 2022; 378:768-773. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abo6997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Natural materials exhibit emergent mechanical properties as a result of their nanoarchitected, nanocomposite structures with optimized hierarchy, anisotropy, and nanoporosity. Fabrication of such complex systems is currently challenging because high-quality three-dimensional (3D) nanoprinting is mostly limited to simple, homogeneous materials. We report a strategy for the rapid nanoprinting of complex structural nanocomposites using metal nanoclusters. These ultrasmall, quantum-confined nanoclusters function as highly sensitive two-photon activators and simultaneously serve as precursors for mechanical reinforcements and nanoscale porogens. Nanocomposites with complex 3D architectures are printed, as well as structures with tunable, hierarchical, and anisotropic nanoporosity. Nanocluster-polymer nanolattices exhibit high specific strength, energy absorption, deformability, and recoverability. This framework provides a generalizable, versatile approach for the use of photoactive nanomaterials in additive manufacturing of complex systems with emergent mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - John Kulikowski
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - David Doan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ottman A. Tertuliano
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Charles J. Zeman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Melody M. Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - George C. Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - X. Wendy Gu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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11
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Li X, Yu X, Zhai W. Less Is More: Hollow-Truss Microlattice Metamaterials with Dual Sound Dissipation Mechanisms and Enhanced Broadband Sound Absorption. Small 2022; 18:e2204145. [PMID: 36135783 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202204145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Being a lightweight material with high design freedoms, there are increasing research interests in microlattice metamaterials as sound absorbers. However, thus far, microlattices are limited to one sound dissipation mechanism, and this inhibits their broadband absorption capabilities. Herein, as opposed to improving performances via the addition of features, a dissipation mechanism is subtractively introduced by hollowing out the struts of the microlattice. Then, a class of hollow-truss metamaterial (HTM) that is capable of harnessing dual concurrent dissipation mechanisms from its complex truss interconnectivity and its hollow interior is presented. Experimental sound absorption measurements reveal superior and/or customizable absorption properties in the HTMs as compared to their constitutive solid-trusses. An optimal HTM displays a high average broadband coefficient of 0.72 at a low thickness of 24 mm. Numerically derived, a dissipation theorem based on the superimposed acoustic impedance of the critically coupled resistance and reactance of the outer-solid and inner-hollow phases, across different frequency bands, is proposed in the HTM. Complementary mechanical property studies also reveal improved compressive toughness in the HTMs. This work demonstrates the potential of hollow-trusses, where they gain the dissipation mechanism through the subtraction of the material and display excellent acoustic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Xiang Yu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
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12
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Qi J, Chen Z, Jiang P, Hu W, Wang Y, Zhao Z, Cao X, Zhang S, Tao R, Li Y, Fang D. Recent Progress in Active Mechanical Metamaterials and Construction Principles. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2022; 9:e2102662. [PMID: 34716676 PMCID: PMC8728820 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Active mechanical metamaterials (AMMs) (or smart mechanical metamaterials) that combine the configurations of mechanical metamaterials and the active control of stimuli-responsive materials have been widely investigated in recent decades. The elaborate artificial microstructures of mechanical metamaterials and the stimulus response characteristics of smart materials both contribute to AMMs, making them achieve excellent properties beyond the conventional metamaterials. The micro and macro structures of the AMMs are designed based on structural construction principles such as, phase transition, strain mismatch, and mechanical instability. Considering the controllability and efficiency of the stimuli-responsive materials, physical fields such as, the temperature, chemicals, light, electric current, magnetic field, and pressure have been adopted as the external stimuli in practice. In this paper, the frontier works and the latest progress in AMMs from the aspects of the mechanics and materials are reviewed. The functions and engineering applications of the AMMs are also discussed. Finally, existing issues and future perspectives in this field are briefly described. This review is expected to provide the basis and inspiration for the follow-up research on AMMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixiang Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and TechnologyBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi‐functional Composite Materials and StructuresInstitute of Advanced Structure TechnologyBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
| | - Zihao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and TechnologyBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi‐functional Composite Materials and StructuresInstitute of Advanced Structure TechnologyBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
| | - Peng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and TechnologyBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi‐functional Composite Materials and StructuresInstitute of Advanced Structure TechnologyBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
| | - Wenxia Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi‐functional Composite Materials and StructuresInstitute of Advanced Structure TechnologyBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
| | - Yonghuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and TechnologyBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi‐functional Composite Materials and StructuresInstitute of Advanced Structure TechnologyBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
| | - Zeang Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi‐functional Composite Materials and StructuresInstitute of Advanced Structure TechnologyBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
| | - Xiaofei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and TechnologyBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi‐functional Composite Materials and StructuresInstitute of Advanced Structure TechnologyBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
| | - Shushan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and TechnologyBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi‐functional Composite Materials and StructuresInstitute of Advanced Structure TechnologyBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
| | - Ran Tao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi‐functional Composite Materials and StructuresInstitute of Advanced Structure TechnologyBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and TechnologyBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi‐functional Composite Materials and StructuresInstitute of Advanced Structure TechnologyBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
| | - Daining Fang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi‐functional Composite Materials and StructuresInstitute of Advanced Structure TechnologyBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
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Li X, Yu X, Zhai W. Additively Manufactured Deformation-Recoverable and Broadband Sound-Absorbing Microlattice Inspired by the Concept of Traditional Perforated Panels. Adv Mater 2021; 33:e2104552. [PMID: 34532911 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202104552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Noise pollution is a highly detrimental daily health hazard. Sound absorbers, such as the traditionally used perforated panels, find widespread applications. Nonetheless, modern product designs call for material novelties with enhanced performance and multifunctionality. The advent of additive manufacturing has brought about the possibilities of functional materials design to be based on structures rather than chemistry. With this in mind, herein, the traditional concept of perforated panels is revisited and is incorporated with additive manufacturing for the development of a novel microlattice-based sound absorber with additional impact resistance multifunctionality. The structurally optimized microlattice presents excellent broadband absorption with an averaged experimental absorption coefficient of 0.77 across a broad frequency range from 1000 to 6300 Hz. Extensive simulation and experiments reveal absorption mechanisms to be based on viscous flow, thermal and structural damping dissipations while broadband capabilities to be on multiple resonance modes working in tandem. High deformation recovery up to 30% strain is also possible from the strut-based design and viscoelasticity of the base material. Overall, the excellent properties of the microlattice overcome tradeoffs commonly found in conventional absorbers. Additionally, this work aims to present a new paradigm: revisiting old concepts for the developments of novel materials using contemporary methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Xiang Yu
- Institute of High Performance Computing, A*STAR, Singapore, 138632, Singapore
| | - Wei Zhai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
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