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Zhang L, Ren L, Li S, Xiong M, Cao Y, Chen Y, Lu W, Liu C, Luo S. A water strider-inspired intestinal stent actuator for controllable adhesion and unidirectional biofluid picking. Mater Today Bio 2024; 28:101216. [PMID: 39280113 PMCID: PMC11402441 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Soft-bodied aquatic organisms exhibit extraordinary navigation and mobility in liquid environments which inspiring the development of biomimetic actuators with complex movements. Stimulus-responsive soft materials including hydrogels and shape-memory polymers are replacing traditional rigid parts that leading to dynamic and responsive soft actuators. In this study, we took inspiration from water strider to develop a biomimetic actuator for targeted stimulation and pH sensing in the gastrointestinal tract. We designed a soft and water-based Janus adhesive hydrogel patch that attaches to specific parts of the intestine and responds to pH changes through external stimulation. The hydrogel patch that forms the belly of the water strider driver incorporates an inverse opal microstructure that enables pH responsive behavior. The hydrogel patch on the water strider's leg uses a sandwich structure of Cu particles to convert light into heat and bend under infrared light to mimic the water strider's leg simulating the efficient and steady movement of the water strider's leg which transporting the biological fluid in one direction. This miniature bionic actuator demonstrates controlled adhesion and unidirectional biofluid delivery capabilities, proving its potential for targeted stimulus response and pH sensing in the gastrointestinal tract, thus opening up new possibilities for medical applications in the growing field of soft actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihao Zhang
- Center for Future Optoelectronic Functional Materials, School of Computer and Electronic Information/School of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 20024, China
| | - Lehao Ren
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Sunlong Li
- Center for Future Optoelectronic Functional Materials, School of Computer and Electronic Information/School of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 20024, China
| | - Minli Xiong
- Outpatient Department of Shanghai University of International Business and Economics, Shanghai, 210620, China
| | - Yue Cao
- Center for Future Optoelectronic Functional Materials, School of Computer and Electronic Information/School of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 20024, China
| | - Yufei Chen
- Center for Future Optoelectronic Functional Materials, School of Computer and Electronic Information/School of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 20024, China
| | - Weipeng Lu
- Center for Future Optoelectronic Functional Materials, School of Computer and Electronic Information/School of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 20024, China
| | - Cihui Liu
- Center for Future Optoelectronic Functional Materials, School of Computer and Electronic Information/School of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 20024, China
| | - Shengzheng Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningde Municipal Hospital, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, Fujian, 352100, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 650 Xin SongJiang Road, 201620, Shanghai, China
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Zhang L, Wan X, Zhou X, Cao Y, Duan H, Yan J, Li H, Lv P. Pyramid-Shaped Superhydrophobic Surfaces for Underwater Drag Reduction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:44319-44327. [PMID: 39110849 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c09631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic surfaces hold immense potential in underwater drag reduction. However, as the Reynolds number increases, the drag reduction rate decreases, and it may even lead to a drag increase. The reason lies in the collapse of the air mattress. To address this issue, this paper develops a pyramid-shaped robust superhydrophobic surface with wedged microgrooves, which exhibits a high gas fraction when immersed underwater and good ability to achieve complete spreading and recovery of the air mattress through air replenishment in the case of collapse of the air mattress. Pressure drop tests in a water tunnel confirm that with continuous air injection, the drag reduction reaches 64.8% in laminar flow conditions, substantially greater than 38.4% in the case without air injection, and can achieve 50.8% drag reduction in turbulent flow. This result highlights the potential applications of superhydrophobic surfaces with air mattress recovery for drag reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangpei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xia Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yanlin Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Huiling Duan
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jiale Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Hongyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
- Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China
| | - Pengyu Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
- Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China
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Wang J, Liu Y. Self-Driven Gas Spreading on Mesh Surfaces for Regeneration of Underwater Superhydrophobicity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:40231-40242. [PMID: 39034615 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c07843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Underwater superhydrophobic surfaces stand as a promising frontier in technological applications such as drag reduction, antifouling, and anticorrosion. Unfortunately, the air film, known as the plastron, on these surfaces tends to be unstable. To address this problem, active approaches have been designed to preserve or restore plastrons. In this work, a self-driven gas spreading superhydrophobic mesh (SHM) surface is designed to facilitate recovery of the plastron. The immersed SHM can be "wetted" by gas, even when the plastron is removed. We demonstrate that the injected gas can spread spontaneously along the SHM over a large area, which greatly simplifies the plastron replenishment process. By incorporating a locally coated gas-producing layer, we achieve rapid in situ plastron recovery and long-term immersion stability, extending the plastron lifespan by at least 48 times. We also provide a framework for designing an SHM with suitable structural dimensions for gas spreading. Furthermore, an SHM with asymmetric structural dimensions enables unidirectional gas transport by the capillary pressure difference. This SHM surface shows excellent drag reduction properties (37.2%) and has a high slip recovery coefficient (73.4%) after plastron loss. This facile and scalable method is expected to broaden the range of potential applications involving nonwetting-related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Wei Z, Zhang C, Shen C, Wang L, Xin Z. Manipulation of bubble collapse patterns near the wall of an adherent gas layer. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 101:106722. [PMID: 38091740 PMCID: PMC10733692 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
This paper aims to apply experimental methods to investigate the effect of the thickness of gas layers on the wall on the collapse direction of spark-induced bubbles. In the experiment, two high-speed cameras synchronously record the time evolution of the bubbles and the corresponding parameters such as the normalized collapse position and bubble collapse time. Experiments yielded results for individual bubbles over a range of normalized distances from 0 to 4.0 for different air layer thicknesses. Based on the morphology of the bubbles, the experimental jets were visualized into six different modes, namely, forward jet (FJ), merging jet (MJ), bidirectional jet (BJ), reversing jet (RJ), forward followed by reversing jet (FRJ), and non-directional jet (NDJ). The height of the air layer on the wall is affected by the fluctuation of the bubble volume and shows the opposite trend to the change of the bubble volume. The air film reaches its maximum height when the bubble collapses, which affects the final jet pattern. In addition, as the thickness of the air layer increases, the center of the bubble gradually migrates away from the wall. The different collapse modes and the migration of the bubble centers have positive significance for reducing cavitation erosion in engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjiang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Chengchun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China; Weihai Institute for Bionics, Jilin University, Weihai 264402, China.
| | - Chun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China; College of Automotive Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Zhentao Xin
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
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