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Fahmy SA, Elghanam R, Rashid G, Youness RA, Sedky NK. Emerging tendencies for the nano-delivery of gambogic acid: a promising approach in oncotherapy. RSC Adv 2024; 14:4666-4691. [PMID: 38318629 PMCID: PMC10840092 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08042k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the advancements in cancer therapies during the past few years, chemo/photo resistance, severe toxic effects, recurrence of metastatic tumors, and non-selective targeting remain incomprehensible. Thus, much effort has been spent exploring natural anticancer compounds endowed with biosafety and high effectiveness in cancer prevention and therapy. Gambogic acid (GA) is a promising natural compound in cancer therapy. It is the major xanthone component of the dry resin extracted from the Garcinia hanburyi Hook. f. tree. GA has significant antiproliferative effects on different types of cancer, and it exerts its anticancer activities through various pathways. Nonetheless, the clinical translation of GA has been hampered, partly due to its water insolubility, low bioavailability, poor pharmacokinetics, rapid plasma clearance, early degradation in blood circulation, and detrimental vascular irritation. Lately, procedures have been invented demonstrating the ability of nanoparticles to overcome the challenges associated with the clinical use of natural compounds both in vitro and in vivo. This review sheds light on the recent emerging trends for the nanodelivery of GA to cancer cells. To the best of our knowledge, no similar recent review described the different nanoformulations designed to improve the anticancer therapeutic activity and targeting ability of GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif Ashraf Fahmy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation R5 New Garden City, New Capital Cairo 11835 Egypt +20 1222613344
| | - Rawan Elghanam
- Nanotechnology Department, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo AUC Avenue, P.O. Box 74 New Cairo 11835 Egypt
| | - Gowhar Rashid
- Amity Medical School, Amity University Gurugram Haryana 122413 India
| | - Rana A Youness
- Biology and Biochemistry Department, Molecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Faculty of Biotechnology, German International University (GIU) Cairo 11835 Egypt
| | - Nada K Sedky
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation R5 New Garden City, New Administrative Capital Cairo Egypt
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Saeed S, Barkat K, Ashraf MU, Shabbir M, Anjum I, Badshah SF, Aamir M, Malik NS, Tariq A, Ullah R. Flexible Topical Hydrogel Patch Loaded with Antimicrobial Drug for Accelerated Wound Healing. Gels 2023; 9:567. [PMID: 37504446 PMCID: PMC10379216 DOI: 10.3390/gels9070567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A hydrogel topical patch of neomycin was developed by using sodium alginate (SA) and hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) as polymers. Free radical polymerization in an aqueous medium was initiated by using acrylic acid (AA) and N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA). Prepared hydrogels were characterized for pH sensitivity and sol-gel analysis. In addition, the effect of reactant contents on the developed formulation was evaluated by swelling behavior. SEM assay showed the rough structure of the hydrogel-based polymeric matrix, which directly enhances the ability to uptake fluid. FTIR spectra revealed the formation of a new polymeric network between reactant contents. TGA and DSC verified that fabricated polymeric patches were more thermodynamically stable than pure components. Gel fractions increased with increases in polymer, monomer, and cross-linker contents. The swelling study showed the pH-dependent swelling behavior of patches at pH 5.5, 6.5, and 7.4. The release pattern of the drug followed zero-order kinetics, with diffusion-controlled drug release patterns according to the Korsmeyer-Peppas (KP) model. Ex vivo studies across excised rabbit skin verified the drug retention in the skin layers. The hydrogel patch effectively healed the wounds produced on the rabbit skin, whereas the formulation showed no sign of irritation on intact skin. Therefore, neomycin hydrogel patches can be a potential candidate for controlled delivery for efficient wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Saeed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Barkat
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | | | - Maryam Shabbir
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Anjum
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Aamir
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Shamshad Malik
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Capital University of Science and Technology (CUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Akash Tariq
- Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chines Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Riaz Ullah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Mohd Hanafiah Z, Wan Mohtar WHM, Abd Manan TSB, Bachi' NA, Abdullah NA, Abd Hamid HH, Beddu S, Mohd Kamal NL, Ahmad A, Wan Rasdi N. The occurrence of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in Malaysian urban domestic wastewater. Chemosphere 2022; 287:132134. [PMID: 34517236 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The water stream has been reported to contain non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), released from households and premises through discharge from Sewage Treatment Plant (STP). This research identifies commonly consumed NSAIDs namely ibuprofen (IBU), diclofenac (DIC), ketoprofen (KET) and naproxen (NAP) in the influent wastewater from two urban catchments (i.e. 2 STPs). We expand our focus to assess the efficiency of monomer (C18) and dimer (HLB) types of sorbents in the solid phase extraction method followed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis and optimize model prediction of NSAIDs in the influent wastewater using I-Optimal design. The ecological risk assessment of the NSAIDs was evaluated. The HLB produced reliable analysis for all NSAIDs under study (STP1: 6.7 × 10-3 mg L-1 to 2.21 × 10-1 mg L-1, STP2: 1.40 × 10-4 mg L-1 to 9.72 × 10-2 mg L-1). The C18 however, selective to NAP. Based on the Pearson proximity matrices, the DICHLB can be a good indicator for IBUHLB (0.565), NAPC18 (0.721), NAPHLB (0.566), and KETHLB (0.747). The optimized model prediction for KET and NAP based on DIC are successfully validated. The risk quotients (RQ) values of NSAIDs were classified as high (RQ > 1), medium (RQ, 0.1-1) and low (RQ, 0.01-0.1) risks. The optimized models are beneficial for major NSAIDs (KET and NAP) monitoring in the influent wastewater of urban domestic area. An upgrade on the existing wastewater treatment infrastructure is recommended to counteract current water security situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarimah Mohd Hanafiah
- Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43600, Malaysia
| | - Wan Hanna Melini Wan Mohtar
- Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43600, Malaysia.
| | - Teh Sabariah Binti Abd Manan
- Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu Darul Iman, 21030, Malaysia.
| | - Nur Aina Bachi'
- Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43600, Malaysia
| | - Nor Azura Abdullah
- Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43600, Malaysia
| | - Haris Hafizal Abd Hamid
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43600, Malaysia
| | - Salmia Beddu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan Ikram-Uniten, Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43000, Malaysia
| | - Nur Liyana Mohd Kamal
- Department of Civil Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan Ikram-Uniten, Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43000, Malaysia
| | - Amirrudin Ahmad
- Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu Darul Iman, 21030, Malaysia; Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu Darul Iman, 21030, Malaysia
| | - Nadiah Wan Rasdi
- Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu Darul Iman, 21030, Malaysia; Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu Darul Iman, 21030, Malaysia
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