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Maier J, Müller SM, Torvisco A, Glotz G, Fischer RC, Griesser T, Kelterer A, Haas M. Isolable Stannenolates Enable the Synthesis of Visible‐Light Photoinitiators. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202100213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janine Maier
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9/IV 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Stefanie M. Müller
- Institute of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials Montanuniversitaet Leoben Otto-Gloeckelstrasse 2 8700 Leoben Austria
| | - Ana Torvisco
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9/IV 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Gabriel Glotz
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Technical University Graz Stremayrgasse 9/II 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Roland C. Fischer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9/IV 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Thomas Griesser
- Institute of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials Montanuniversitaet Leoben Otto-Gloeckelstrasse 2 8700 Leoben Austria
| | - Anne‐Marie Kelterer
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Technical University Graz Stremayrgasse 9/II 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Michael Haas
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9/IV 8010 Graz Austria
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2
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Abstract
Recently heavier Group 14 enolates showed their importance and applicability in a broad range of chemical transformations. They were found to be key intermediates during the synthesis of photoinitiators, as well as during the formation of complex silicon frameworks. This Minireview presents general strategies towards the synthesis of heavier Group 14 enolates (HG 14 enolates). Structural properties, as well as their spectroscopic behavior are outlined. This study may aid future development in this research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Haas
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryTechnische Universität GrazStremayrgasse 9/IV8010GrazAustria
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3
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Abstract
Functionalized disilenes are valuable auxiliary tools in preparative chemistry. In the following review the various synthetic potential of disilenes as precursors is presented. Upon consumption of the Si=Si unit in disilenes, cyclic, polycyclic and cluster-like arrangements are obtainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Rammo
- Krupp-Chair of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Saarland University, 6615, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - David Scheschkewitz
- Krupp-Chair of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Saarland University, 6615, Saarbrücken, Germany
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4
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Leypold M, Schuh L, Fischer R, Torvisco A, Flock M, Stueger H, Haas M. Synthesis of Structurally Complex Silicon Frameworks through the First Sila-Aldol Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201701862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Leypold
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Graz University of Technology; Stremayrgasse 9/IV 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Lukas Schuh
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Graz University of Technology; Stremayrgasse 9/IV 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Roland Fischer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Graz University of Technology; Stremayrgasse 9/IV 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Ana Torvisco
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Graz University of Technology; Stremayrgasse 9/IV 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Michaela Flock
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Graz University of Technology; Stremayrgasse 9/IV 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Harald Stueger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Graz University of Technology; Stremayrgasse 9/IV 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Michael Haas
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Graz University of Technology; Stremayrgasse 9/IV 8010 Graz Austria
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Leypold M, Schuh L, Fischer R, Torvisco A, Flock M, Stueger H, Haas M. Synthesis of Structurally Complex Silicon Frameworks through the First Sila-Aldol Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:8089-8093. [PMID: 28481426 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201701862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report on the first sila-aldol reaction, which emphasizes the tight connection between silicon and carbon chemistry. This novel synthetic method provides straightforward access to 2-oxahexasilabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-8-ide, a structurally complex silicon framework, in quantitative yield. Its structure was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography, and it displays a distinctive charge-transfer transition. The complete mechanism of this highly selective rearrangement cascade is outlined and supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which highlight the thermodynamic driving force and the low activation barriers of this powerful silicon-carbon bond-forming strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Leypold
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Lukas Schuh
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Roland Fischer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Ana Torvisco
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Michaela Flock
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Stueger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Haas
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
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6
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Suzuki Y, Ishida S, Sato S, Isobe H, Iwamoto T. An Isolable Potassium Salt of a Borasilene-Chloride Adduct. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:4593-4597. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201612545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Shintaro Ishida
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Sota Sato
- Isobe Degenerate π-Integration Project; Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO); Japan Science and Technology Agency; Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8577 Japan
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research; Tohoku University; Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8577 Japan
- Department of Chemistry; University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Isobe
- Isobe Degenerate π-Integration Project; Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO); Japan Science and Technology Agency; Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8577 Japan
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research; Tohoku University; Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8577 Japan
- Department of Chemistry; University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Takeaki Iwamoto
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Shintaro Ishida
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Sota Sato
- Isobe Degenerate π-Integration Project; Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO); Japan Science and Technology Agency; Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8577 Japan
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research; Tohoku University; Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8577 Japan
- Department of Chemistry; University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Isobe
- Isobe Degenerate π-Integration Project; Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO); Japan Science and Technology Agency; Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8577 Japan
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research; Tohoku University; Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8577 Japan
- Department of Chemistry; University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Takeaki Iwamoto
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
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9
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Cowley MJ, Ohmori Y, Huch V, Ichinohe M, Sekiguchi A, Scheschkewitz D. Carbonylation of cyclotrisilenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:13247-50. [PMID: 24307015 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201307450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Cowley
- Krupp-Chair of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Saarland University, Dudweiler, Am Markt Zeile 1, 66125 Saarbrücken (Germany) http://www.uni-saarland.de/fak8/scheschkewitz/
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11
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Nakata N, Rodriguez R, Troadec T, Saffon-Merceron N, Sotiropoulos JM, Baceiredo A, Kato T. A Stable Silene Substituted by Strong π-Donors at the Silicon Center. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:10840-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201304594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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12
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Nakata N, Rodriguez R, Troadec T, Saffon-Merceron N, Sotiropoulos JM, Baceiredo A, Kato T. A Stable Silene Substituted by Strong π-Donors at the Silicon Center. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201304594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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13
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Rodriguez R, Troadec T, Gau D, Saffon-Merceron N, Hashizume D, Miqueu K, Sotiropoulos JM, Baceiredo A, Kato T. Synthesis of a Donor-Stabilized Silacyclopropan-1-one. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:4426-30. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201210010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Rodriguez R, Troadec T, Gau D, Saffon-merceron N, Hashizume D, Miqueu K, Sotiropoulos J, Baceiredo A, Kato T. Synthesis of a Donor-Stabilized Silacyclopropan-1-one. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 125:4522-6. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201210010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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15
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Majumdar M, Huch V, Bejan I, Meltzer A, Scheschkewitz D. Reversible, vollständige Spaltung von SiSi-Bindungen durch Isocyanidinsertion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201209281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Majumdar M, Huch V, Bejan I, Meltzer A, Scheschkewitz D. Reversible, Complete Cleavage of SiSi Double Bonds by Isocyanide Insertion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:3516-20. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201209281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Dobrovetsky R, Zborovsky L, Sheberla D, Botoshansky M, Bravo-Zhivotovskii D, Apeloig Y. Isolation of Silenolates (R3Si)2SiC(OLi)Ad with a Doubly Bonded Silicon Atom. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201001024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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Dobrovetsky R, Zborovsky L, Sheberla D, Botoshansky M, Bravo-Zhivotovskii D, Apeloig Y. Isolation of Silenolates (R3Si)2SiC(OLi)Ad with a Doubly Bonded Silicon Atom. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:4084-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201001024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Abstract
E=Si transfer: Anionic compounds capable of transferring a silicon-containing double bond are reviewed (see figure), particularly reagents with Si=Si moieties (Tip=2,4,6-iPr(3)C(6)H(2), M=Li, Na, K) and their applications towards main-group and transition-metal electrophiles, as well as their reactivity towards organic compounds. A few recently reported derivatives with Si=C (Ad=1-adamantyl) and Si=P moieties are included for completeness.Anionic compounds capable of transferring a silicon double bond are summarized following an introduction to the differences between alkenes and their heavier homologues. The main focus is on reagents with Si=Si moieties and their applications towards main-group and transition-metal electrophiles, as well as their reactivity towards organic compounds, but a few recently reported derivatives with Si=C and Si=P bonds are also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Scheschkewitz
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, UK.
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Bejan I, Güclü D, Inoue S, Ichinohe M, Sekiguchi A, Scheschkewitz D. Stable Cyclic Silenes from Reaction of Disilenides with Carboxylic Acid Chlorides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:3349-52. [PMID: 17378007 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200700067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Bejan
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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Bejan I, Güclü D, Inoue S, Ichinohe M, Sekiguchi A, Scheschkewitz D. Stabile cyclische Silene durch Reaktion von Disileniden mit Carbonsäurechloriden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200700067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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22
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Abstract
Silylenes, silenes, and disilenes are silicon analogues of carbenes and alkenes. Since the first detection and isolation of these species a few decades ago, focus has been given to their fundamental structure and reactivity properties. Recent developments show that the time is set to exploit their unique chemistry in applied areas. Emerging applications in catalysis and stereoselective synthesis point to a new field within synthetic organosilicon chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Ottosson
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Box 599, Uppsala University, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
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