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Didier D, Reiners F. Uncommon Four-Membered Building Blocks - Cyclobutenes, Azetines and Thietes. CHEM REC 2021; 21:1144-1160. [PMID: 33734571 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Strained ring systems have gained considerable importance over the last few years for their implication in natural product syntheses or in drug discovery programs. We present herein a recollection of our work on the construction and functionalization of unsaturated four-membered carbo- and heterocycles in the context of the literature, as well as their applications in further reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorian Didier
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Felix Reiners
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
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2
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Polák
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Chemistry and Technology Prague; Technická 5 16628 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Tobrman
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Chemistry and Technology Prague; Technická 5 16628 Prague 6 Czech Republic
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3
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Pusch
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Dieter Schollmeyer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Till Opatz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
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4
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Abstract
An additive-free Pd-catalyzed α-allylation of different imino-group-ontaining heterocycles is reported. The activation of α-CH pronucleophiles (pKa (DMSO) > 25) occurs without the addition of strong bases or Lewis acids using only the Pd/Xantphos catalyst system. The reaction scope has been studied for various 5- and 6-membered nitrogen-containing heterocycles (yields up to 96%). Mechanistic investigations suggest an initial allylation of the imine-N followed by a Pd-catalyzed formal aza-Claisen rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Kljajic
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Graz University of
Technology, Stremayrgasse
9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Johannes G. Puschnig
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Graz University of
Technology, Stremayrgasse
9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Hansjörg Weber
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Graz University of
Technology, Stremayrgasse
9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Rolf Breinbauer
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Graz University of
Technology, Stremayrgasse
9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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5
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Rong ZQ, Wang M, Chow CHE, Zhao Y. A Catalyst-Enabled Diastereodivergent Aza-Diels-Alder Reaction: Complementarity ofN-Heterocyclic Carbenes and Chiral Amines. Chemistry 2016; 22:9483-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Qiang Rong
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543
| | - Chi Hao Eugene Chow
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543
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6
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Mao J, Zhang J, Jiang H, Bellomo A, Zhang M, Gao Z, Dreher SD, Walsh PJ. Palladium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylations with Toluene Derivatives as Pronucleophiles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:2526-30. [PMID: 26756125 PMCID: PMC4836847 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201509917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The first two highly enantioselective palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylations with benzylic nucleophiles, activated with Cr(CO)3 , have been developed. These methods enable the enantioselective synthesis of α-2-propenyl benzyl motifs, which are important scaffolds in natural products and pharmaceuticals. A variety of cyclic and acyclic allylic carbonates are competent electrophilic partners furnishing the products in excellent enantioselectivity (up to 99 % ee and 92 % yield). This approach was employed to prepare a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug analogue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyou Mao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6323, USA
| | - Jiadi Zhang
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6323, USA
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6323, USA
| | - Ana Bellomo
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6323, USA
| | - Mengnan Zhang
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6323, USA
| | - Zidong Gao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Spencer D Dreher
- Department of Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA
| | - Patrick J Walsh
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6323, USA.
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7
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Mao J, Zhang J, Jiang H, Bellomo A, Zhang M, Gao Z, Dreher SD, Walsh PJ. Palladium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylations with Toluene Derivatives as Pronucleophiles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201509917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianyou Mao
- Department of Applied Chemistry China Agricultural University 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road Beijing 100193 P. R. China
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104-6323 USA
| | - Jiadi Zhang
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104-6323 USA
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Applied Chemistry China Agricultural University 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road Beijing 100193 P. R. China
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104-6323 USA
| | - Ana Bellomo
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104-6323 USA
| | - Mengnan Zhang
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104-6323 USA
| | - Zidong Gao
- Department of Applied Chemistry China Agricultural University 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road Beijing 100193 P. R. China
| | - Spencer D. Dreher
- Department of Process Chemistry Merck Research Laboratories P.O. Box 2000 Rahway NJ 07065 USA
| | - Patrick J. Walsh
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104-6323 USA
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Tejedor D, Méndez-abt G, González-platas J, Fernández I, García-tellado F. Hydrogen Bond Controlled Anti-Aza-Michael Addition: Diastereoselective Synthesis of Cyclobutene-Containing Amino Acid Derivatives: Hydrogen Bond Controlled Anti-Aza-Michael Addition. European J Org Chem 2015; 2015:3462-9. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Abstract
The first total synthesis of the marine polyketide (±)-hippolachnin A has been achieved in nine linear steps and an overall yield of 9%. Rapid access to the oxacyclobutapentalene core structure was secured by strategic application of an ene cyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan A Ruider
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, HCI H335, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich (Switzerland) http://www.carreira.ethz.ch
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13
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Misale A, Niyomchon S, Luparia M, Maulide N. Asymmetric palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylation using dialkylzinc reagents: a remarkable ligand effect. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:7068-73. [PMID: 24888236 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201309074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A serendipitously discovered palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation reaction with diorganozinc reagents, which displays broad functional group compatibility, is reported. This novel transformation hinges on a remarkable ligand effect which overrides the standard "umpolung" reactivity of allyl-palladium intermediates in the presence of dialkylzincs. Owing to its mild conditions, enantioselective allylic alkylations of racemic allylic electrophiles are possible in the presence of sensitive functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Misale
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna (Austria)
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14
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Misale A, Niyomchon S, Luparia M, Maulide N. Asymmetrische Palladium-katalysierte allylische Alkylierung mit Dialkylzinkreagentien: ein bemerkenswerter Ligandeneffekt. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201309074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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17
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Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Prize: N. Maulide / Karl Ziegler Guest Professorship: D. Enders / EurJIC Young Investigator Prize: K. Ray. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:10417-10417. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201306179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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18
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Heinz-Maier-Leibnitz-Preis: N. Maulide / Karl-Ziegler-Gastprofessur: D. Enders / EurJIC Young Investigator Prize: K. Ray. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 125:10609-10609. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201306179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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