1
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Huang SC, Zhang YK, Geng Q, Huang QK, Xu JH, Chen YF, Yu HL. Improving the Enantioselectivity of CHMO Brevi1 for Asymmetric Synthesis of Podophyllotoxin Precursor. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300582. [PMID: 37728423 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
(R)-β-piperonyl-γ-butyrolactones are key building blocks for the synthesis of podophyllotoxin, which have demonstrated remarkable potential in cancer treatment. Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs)-mediated asymmetric oxidation is a green approach to produce chiral lactones. While several BVMOs were able to oxidize the corresponding cyclobutanone, most BVMOs gave the (S) enantiomer while Cyclohexanone monooxygenase (CHMO) from Brevibacterium sp. HCU1 gave (R) enantiomer, but with a low enantioselectivity (75 % ee). In this study, we use a strategy called "focused rational iterative site-specific mutagenesis" (FRISM) at residues ranging from 6 Å from substrate. The mutations by using a restricted set of rationally chosen amino acids allow the formation of a small mutant library. By generating and screening less than 60 variants, we achieved a high ee of 96.8 %. Coupled with the cofactor regeneration system, 9.3 mM substrate was converted completely in a 100-mL scale reaction. Therefore, our work reveals a promising synthetic method for (R)-β-piperonyl-γ-butyrolactone with the highest enantioselectivity, and provides a new opportunity for the chem-enzymatic synthesis of podophyllotoxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Cheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yi-Ke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Qiang Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Qi-Kang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Jian-He Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yi-Feng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Hui-Lei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
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2
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Abstract
The first enantioselective total synthesis of aryltetralin lignan acetals, (-)-formosanol, (+)-tsugacetal, (+)-methyl β-conidendral, and their enantiomers have been accomplished on the basis of the Pd-catalyzed asymmetric allylic cycloaddition as a key step. Six stereoisomers of the lignan acetals have been synthesized via a 7-8 step sequence in up to 14% overall yield. The in vitro cytotoxicity against several cancer cells has preliminarily been examined for the obtained six stereoisomers of lignan acetals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqi Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Huiyu Si
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Yong Jian Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, P. R. China
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3
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Shen S, Tong Y, Luo Y, Huang L, Gao W. Biosynthesis, total synthesis, and pharmacological activities of aryltetralin-type lignan podophyllotoxin and its derivatives. Nat Prod Rep 2022; 39:1856-1875. [PMID: 35913409 DOI: 10.1039/d2np00028h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2022Podophyllotoxin (PTOX, 1), a kind of aryltetralin-type lignan, was first discovered in the plant Podophyllum peltatum and its structure was clarified by W. Borsche and J. Niemann in 1932. Due to its potent anti-cancer and anti-viral activities, it is considered one of the molecules most likely to be developed into modern drugs. With the increasing market demand and insufficient storage of natural resources, it is crucial to expand the sources of PTOXs. The original extraction method from plants has gradually failed to meet the requirements, and the biosynthesis and total synthesis have become the forward-looking alternatives. As key enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway of PTOXs and their catalytic mechanisms being constantly revealed, it is possible to realize the heterogeneous biosynthesis of PTOXs in the future. Chemical and chemoenzymatic synthesis also provide schemes for strictly controlling the asymmetric configuration of the tetracyclic core. Currently, the pharmacological activities of some PTOX derivatives have been extensively studied, laying the foundation for clinical candidate drugs. This review focuses primarily on the latest research progress in the biosynthesis, total synthesis, and pharmacological activities of PTOX and its derivatives, providing a more comprehensive understanding of these widely used compounds and supporting the future search for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Shen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China. .,Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Yuru Tong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yunfeng Luo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Wei Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China. .,Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
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4
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Reynolds RG, Nguyen HQA, Reddel JCT, Thomson RJ. Recent strategies and tactics for the enantioselective total syntheses of cyclolignan natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2022; 39:670-702. [PMID: 34664594 PMCID: PMC8957534 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00057h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2000 to 2021Lignan natural products are found in many different plant species and possess numerous useful biological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antioxidant, antibacterial, and antitumor activities. Their utility in both traditional and conventional medicine, coupled with their structural diversity has made them popular synthetic targets over many decades. This review specifically addresses the cyclolignan subclass of the family, which possess both a C8-C8' and a C2-C7' linkage between two different phenylpropene units. We present a comprehensive overview of the diverse strategies employed by chemists to achieve enantioselective total syntheses of cyclolignans covering: 2000 to 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah G Reynolds
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
| | - Huong Quynh Anh Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
| | - Jordan C T Reddel
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
| | - Regan J Thomson
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
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5
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Struwe J, Korvorapun K, Zangarelli A, Ackermann L. Photo-Induced Ruthenium-Catalyzed C-H Benzylations and Allylations at Room Temperature. Chemistry 2021; 27:16237-16241. [PMID: 34435716 PMCID: PMC9293244 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The ruthenium‐catalyzed synthesis of diarylmethane compounds was realized under exceedingly mild photoredox conditions without the use of exogenous photocatalysts. The versatility and robustness of the ruthenium‐catalyzed C−H benzylation was reflected by an ample scope, including multifold C−H functionalizations, as well as transformable pyrazoles, imidates and sensitive nucleosides. Mechanistic studies were indicative of a photoactive cyclometalated ruthenium complex, which also enabled versatile C−H allylations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Struwe
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Korkit Korvorapun
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Agnese Zangarelli
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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6
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Xu M, Hou M, He H, Gao S. Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Aglacins A, B, and E. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202105395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University China
| | - Min Hou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University China
| | - Haibing He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development East China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Shuanhu Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development East China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
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7
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Abstract
An asymmetric photoenolization/Diels-Alder (PEDA) reaction between electron-rich 2-methylbenzaldehydes and unsaturated γ-lactones was developed to directly construct the basic tricyclic core of aryltetralin lactone lignans. This methodology enabled the first asymmetric total synthesis of aglacins A, B, and E and revision of the absolute configuration of these natural lignans. The strategy was also used to prepare the naturally occurring aryldihydronaphthalene-type lignans (-)-7,8-dihydroisojusticidin B and (+)-linoxepin in four and six steps, as well as 27 natural-product-like molecules containing a C8' quaternary center. We believe that the synthetic aglacins and small-molecule library provide new opportunities to carry out the SAR studies of the podophyllotoxin family of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, China
| | - Min Hou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, China
| | - Haibing He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Shuanhu Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
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8
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Affiliation(s)
- Debobrata Paul
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Subhendu Das
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Sanu Saha
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Himangshu Sharma
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Rajib Kumar Goswami
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
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9
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Isomura M, Petrone DA, Carreira EM. Construction of Vicinal Quaternary Centers via Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allenylic Alkylation of Racemic Tertiary Alcohols. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:3323-3329. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c00609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mayuko Isomura
- ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - David A. Petrone
- ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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10
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Abstract
An assessment of biocatalytic strategies for the synthesis of anti-viral agents, offering guidelines for the development of sustainable production methods for a future COVID-19 remedy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjoerd Slagman
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - Wolf-Dieter Fessner
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- Germany
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11
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Decembrino D, Ricklefs E, Wohlgemuth S, Girhard M, Schullehner K, Jach G, Urlacher VB. Assembly of Plant Enzymes in E. coli for the Production of the Valuable (-)-Podophyllotoxin Precursor (-)-Pluviatolide. ACS Synth Biol 2020; 9:3091-3103. [PMID: 33095000 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.0c00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Lignans are plant secondary metabolites with a wide range of reported health-promoting bioactivities. Traditional routes toward these natural products involve, among others, the extraction from plant sources and chemical synthesis. However, the availability of the sources and the complex chemical structures of lignans often limit the feasibility of these approaches. In this work, we introduce a newly assembled biosynthetic route in E. coli for the efficient conversion of the common higher-lignan precursor (+)-pinoresinol to the noncommercially available (-)-pluviatolide via three intermediates. (-)-Pluviatolide is considered a crossroad compound in lignan biosynthesis, because the methylenedioxy bridge in its structure, resulting from the oxidation of (-)-matairesinol, channels the biosynthetic pathway toward the microtubule depolymerizer (-)-podophyllotoxin. This oxidation reaction is catalyzed with high regio- and enantioselectivity by a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase from Sinopodophyllum hexandrum (CYP719A23), which was expressed and optimized regarding redox partners in E. coli. Pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductase from Forsythia intermedia (FiPLR), secoisolariciresinol dehydrogenase from Podophyllum pleianthum (PpSDH), and CYP719A23 were coexpressed together with a suitable NADPH-dependent reductase to ensure P450 activity, allowing for four sequential biotransformations without intermediate isolation. By using an E. coli strain coexpressing the enzymes originating from four plants, (+)-pinoresinol was efficiently converted, allowing the isolation of enantiopure (-)-pluviatolide at a concentration of 137 mg/L (ee ≥99% with 76% isolated yield).
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Decembrino
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Esther Ricklefs
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Wohlgemuth
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marco Girhard
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Katrin Schullehner
- Phytowelt Green Technologies GmbH, Kölsumer Weg 33, 41334 Nettetal, Germany
| | - Guido Jach
- Phytowelt Green Technologies GmbH, Kölsumer Weg 33, 41334 Nettetal, Germany
| | - Vlada B. Urlacher
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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12
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Li J, Zhang X, Renata H. Asymmetric Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of (-)-Podophyllotoxin and Related Aryltetralin Lignans. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:11657-11660. [PMID: 31241812 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
(-)-Podophyllotoxin is one of the most potent microtubule depolymerizing agents and has served as an important lead compound in antineoplastic drug discovery. Reported here is a short chemoenzymatic total synthesis of (-)-podophyllotoxin and related aryltetralin lignans. Vital to this approach is the use of an enzymatic oxidative C-C coupling reaction to construct the tetracyclic core of the natural product in a diastereoselective fashion. This strategy allows gram-scale access to (-)-deoxypodophyllotoxin and is readily adaptable to the preparation of related aryltetralin lignans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Hans Renata
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 130 Scripps Way Jupiter FL 33458 USA
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 130 Scripps Way Jupiter FL 33458 USA
| | - Hans Renata
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 130 Scripps Way Jupiter FL 33458 USA
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14
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Alfonzo E, Beeler AB. A sterically encumbered photoredox catalyst enables the unified synthesis of the classical lignan family of natural products. Chem Sci 2019; 10:7746-7754. [PMID: 31588322 PMCID: PMC6761868 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02682g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we detail a unified synthetic approach to the classical lignan family of natural products that hinges on divergence from a common intermediate that was strategically identified from nature's biosynthetic blueprints.
Herein, we detail a unified synthetic approach to the classical lignan family of natural products that hinges on divergence from a common intermediate that was strategically identified from nature's biosynthetic blueprints. Efforts toward accessing the common intermediate through a convergent and modular approach resulted in the discovery of a sterically encumbered photoredox catalyst that can selectively generate carbonyl ylides from electron-rich epoxides. These can undergo concerted [3 + 2] dipolar cycloadditions to afford tetrahydrofurans, which were advanced (2–4 steps) to at least one representative natural product or natural product scaffold within all six subtypes in classical lignans. The application of those synthetic blueprints to the synthesis of heterolignans bearing unnatural functionality was demonstrated, which establishes the potential of this strategy to accelerate structure–activity-relationship studies of these natural product frameworks and their rich biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin Alfonzo
- Department of Chemistry , Boston University , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , USA .
| | - Aaron B Beeler
- Department of Chemistry , Boston University , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , USA .
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15
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16
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Isomura M, Petrone DA, Carreira EM. Coordination-Induced Stereocontrol over Carbocations: Asymmetric Reductive Deoxygenation of Racemic Tertiary Alcohols. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:4738-4748. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b00862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mayuko Isomura
- ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - David A. Petrone
- ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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17
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Abstract
Numerous oxidative transformations of lignan structures have been reported in the literature. In this paper we present an overview on the current findings in the field. The focus is put on transformations targeting a specific structure, a specific reaction, or an interconversion of the lignan skeleton. Oxidative transformations related to biosynthesis, antioxidant measurements, and total syntheses are mostly excluded. Non-metal mediated as well as metal mediated oxidations are reported, and mechanisms based on hydrogen abstractions, epoxidations, hydroxylations, and radical reactions are discussed for the transformation and interconversion of lignan structures. Enzymatic oxidations, photooxidation, and electrochemical oxidations are also briefly reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrik A Runeberg
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Center, Åbo Akademi University, Piispankatu 8, 20500 Turku, Finland.
| | - Yury Brusentsev
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Center, Åbo Akademi University, Piispankatu 8, 20500 Turku, Finland.
| | - Sabine M K Rendon
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Center, Åbo Akademi University, Piispankatu 8, 20500 Turku, Finland.
| | - Patrik C Eklund
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Center, Åbo Akademi University, Piispankatu 8, 20500 Turku, Finland.
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18
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Heravi MM, Zadsirjan V, Saedi P, Momeni T. Applications of Friedel-Crafts reactions in total synthesis of natural products. RSC Adv 2018; 8:40061-40163. [PMID: 35558228 PMCID: PMC9091380 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra07325b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the years, Friedel-Crafts (FC) reactions have been acknowledged as the most useful and powerful synthetic tools for the construction of a special kind of carbon-carbon bond involving an aromatic moiety. Its stoichiometric and, more recently, its catalytic procedures have extensively been studied. This reaction in recent years has frequently been used as a key step (steps) in the total synthesis of natural products and targeted complex bioactive molecules. In this review, we try to underscore the applications of intermolecular and intramolecular FC reactions in the total syntheses of natural products and complex molecules, exhibiting diverse biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid M Heravi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University Vanak Tehran Iran +98 2188041344 +98 9121329147
| | - Vahideh Zadsirjan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University Vanak Tehran Iran +98 2188041344 +98 9121329147
| | - Pegah Saedi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University Vanak Tehran Iran +98 2188041344 +98 9121329147
| | - Tayebeh Momeni
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University Vanak Tehran Iran +98 2188041344 +98 9121329147
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19
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Fujihara R, Nakata K. Chiral Inductive Diastereoconvergent Allylation Reactions of Allyltrimethylsilane and Diastereomixtures of Diarylmethanols Catalyzed by FeCl3. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rina Fujihara
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology; Shimane University; 1060 Nishikawatsu 690-8504 Matsue, Shimane Japan
| | - Kenya Nakata
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology; Shimane University; 1060 Nishikawatsu 690-8504 Matsue, Shimane Japan
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20
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Abstract
(+)-Ovafolinins A and B are two homologous lignans containing unique polycyclic skeletons. Benefiting from a highly diastereoselective alkylation of (S)-Taniguchi lactone, a double Friedel-Crafts reaction, a global debenzylation and a Cu(OAc)2-enabled benzylic oxidative cyclization, we present herein an efficient synthetic approach to (+)-ovafolinins A and B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhe Fang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
| | - Lei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
| | - Xiangdong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
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21
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Xiao J, Cong XW, Yang GZ, Wang YW, Peng Y. Divergent Asymmetric Syntheses of Podophyllotoxin and Related Family Members via Stereoselective Reductive Ni-Catalysis. Org Lett 2018; 20:1651-1654. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Gui-Zhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Ya-Wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yu Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
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22
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Luo H, Liang R, Chen L, Jiang H, Zhu S. A silver-catalyzed three-component reaction via stabilized cation: synthesis of polysubstituted tetrahydronaphthols and tetrahydronaphthylamines. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo01122a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient method for the synthesis of polysubstituted tetrahydronaphthols and tetrahydronaphthylamines via a stabilized cation intermediate has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hejiang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Renxiao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Lianfen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Shifa Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
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23
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Suzuki N, Nakata K. Chiral Inductive Diastereoconvergent Friedel-Crafts Alkylation Reaction of Diastereomixtures of Diarylmethanols with 2-Naphthol Derivatives Catalyzed by SnBr4. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuharu Suzuki
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Shimane University; 1060 Nishikawatsu 690-8504 Matsue Shimane Japan
| | - Kenya Nakata
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Shimane University; 1060 Nishikawatsu 690-8504 Matsue Shimane Japan
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24
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Abstract
The first catalytic enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-podophyllotoxin is accomplished by a challenging organocatalytic cross-aldol Heck cyclization and distal stereocontrolled transfer hydrogenation in five steps from three aldehydes. Reversal of selectivity in hydrogenation led to the syntheses of other stereoisomers from the common precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumen Hajra
- Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus , Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, UP, India
| | - Sujay Garai
- Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus , Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, UP, India.,Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT Kharagpur) , Kharagpur 721302, WB, India
| | - Sunit Hazra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT Kharagpur) , Kharagpur 721302, WB, India
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25
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Abstract
Podophyllotoxin and its related aryltetralin cyclolignans belong to a family of important products that exhibit various biological properties (e.g., cytotoxic, insecticidal, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, neurotoxic, immunosuppressive, antirheumatic, antioxidative, antispasmogenic, and hypolipidemic activities). This Review provides a survey of podophyllotoxin and its analogues isolated from plants. In particular, recent developments in the elegant total chemical synthesis, structural modifications, biosynthesis, and biotransformation of podophyllotoxin and its analogues are summarized. Moreover, a deoxypodophyllotoxin-based chemosensor for selective detection of mercury ion is described. In addition to the most active podophyllotoxin derivatives in each series against human cancer cell lines and insect pests listed in the tables, the structure-activity relationships of podophyllotoxin derivatives as cytotoxic and insecticidal agents are also outlined. Future prospects and further developments in this area are covered at the end of the Review. We believe that this Review will provide necessary information for synthetic, medicinal, and pesticidal chemistry researchers who are interested in the chemistry and biology of podophyllotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Yu
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design and Synthesis, College of Plant Protection/Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhiping Che
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design and Synthesis, College of Plant Protection/Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
- College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Hui Xu
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design and Synthesis, College of Plant Protection/Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
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26
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Abstract
A simple platform for carbocycle synthesis by Knoevenagel adduct deconjugative alkylation/“pairing” reaction is described.
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27
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Zhang X, Liu H, Sun B, Sun Y, Zhong W, Liu Y, Chen S, Ling H, Zhou L, Jing X, Qin Y, Xiao T, Sun T, Zhou H, Yang C. Novel Podophyllotoxin Derivatives as Partial PPARγ Agonists and their Effects on Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37323. [PMID: 27853282 DOI: 10.1038/srep37323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is recognized as a key regulator of insulin resistance. In this study, we searched for novel PPARγ agonists in a library of structurally diverse organic compounds and determined that podophyllotoxin exhibits partial agonist activity toward PPARγ. Eight novel podophyllotoxin-like derivatives were synthesized and assayed for toxicity and functional activity toward PPARγ to reduce the possible systemic toxic effects of podophyllotoxin and to maintain partial agonist activity toward PPARγ. Cell-based transactivation assays showed that compounds (E)-3-(hydroxy(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl)-4-(4(trifluoromethyl)styryl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (3a) and (E)-4-(3-acetylstyryl)-3-(hydroxyl (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (3f) exhibited partial agonist activity. An experiment using human hepatocarcinoma cells (HepG2) that were induced to become an insulin-resistant model showed that compounds 3a and 3f improved insulin sensitivity and glucose consumption. In addition, compounds 3a and 3f significantly improved hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in high-fat diet-fed streptozotocin (HFD-STZ)-induced type 2 diabetic rats at a dose of 15 mg/kg/day administered orally for 45 days, without significant weight gain. Cell toxicity testing also showed that compounds 3a and 3f exhibited weaker toxicity than pioglitazone. These findings suggested that compounds 3a and 3f improved insulin resistance in vivo and in vitro and that the compounds exhibited potential for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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28
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Peng Y, Xiao J, Xu XB, Duan SM, Ren L, Shao YL, Wang YW. Stereospecific Synthesis of Tetrahydronaphtho[2,3-b]furans Enabled by a Nickel-Promoted Tandem Reductive Cyclization. Org Lett 2016; 18:5170-5173. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied
Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied
Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied
Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Shu-Ming Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied
Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Li Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Applied
Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Yong-Liang Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied
Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Ya-Wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied
Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
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29
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Dang M, Hou L, Tong X. RhI
-Catalyzed Cyclizative Addition Reaction of 1,6-Enyne and Sulfonyl Chloride by Carbophilic Activation. Chemistry 2016; 22:7734-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Dang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Longlei Hou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Tong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology; School of Petrochemical Engineering; Changzhou University; 1 Gehu Road Changzhou 213164 P. R. China
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30
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Abstract
Allylic chlorides prepared from commercially available trans-1,4-dichloro-2-butene were converted to trans-disubstituted 5- and 6-membered ring systems with perfect diastereoselectivity and high enantioselectivity under chiral ruthenium catalysis. These products contain stereodefined secondary and tertiary alcohols that originate from the trapping of an alkylruthenium intermediate with adventitious water. Key to the success of this transformation was the development of a new BINOL-based phosphoramidite ligand containing bulky substitution at its 3- and 3'-positions. As a demonstration of product utility, diastereoselective Friedel-Crafts reactions were performed on the chiral benzylic alcohols in high yield and stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry M Trost
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305-5580, United States
| | - Michael C Ryan
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305-5580, United States
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31
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Arun Kumar R, Srinivasulu A, Saidulu G, Santhosh Kumar P, Sridhar B, Rajender Reddy K. Iron-catalyzed C–C bond formation via cross dehydrative coupling reaction of N-heterocyclic aminols with electron rich arenes: facile access to C4-aryl-dihydroquinazolines. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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32
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Abstract
Led by etoposide and teniposide, the synthesis of aryltetralin glycosides has been experiencing flourishing development in the past five decades. Herein, a review focusing on the total synthesis of aryltetralin glycosides is provided. The main body of this review is composed of two parts, one is the enantioselective synthesis of aryltetralin derivatives and the other one is the construction of key glycosidic linkages. In each part the contents are organised based on the different strategies or protocols applied in the original documents. The total synthesis of aryltetralin glycosides represents the developing direction of this field, and sooner or later will replace the currently applied semi-total synthesis method, using the aglycon residue acquired directly from natural sources. This account provides a comprehensive and deep insight into the field of aryltetralin glycoside synthesis for chemists who have the intention of committing themselves to the development of aryltetralin glycoside medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Song Sun
- The National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China.
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33
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34
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Fan L, Zhi X, Che Z, Xu H. Insight into 2α-Chloro-2'(2',6')-(Di)Halogenopicropodophyllotoxins Reacting with Carboxylic Acids Mediated by BF3·Et2O. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16285. [PMID: 26573374 PMCID: PMC4648097 DOI: 10.1038/srep16285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Stereospecific nucleophilic substitution at the C-4α position of 2α-chloro-2'(2',6')-(di)halogenopicropodophyllotoxin derivatives with carboxylic acids mediated by BF3·Et2O was described. Interestingly, this stereoselective products were completely controlled by the reaction time. That is, if the reaction time was prolonged to 24.5-31 h, the resulting compounds were all transformed into the unusual C-ring aromatization products. Additionally, it demonstrated that BF3·Et2O and reaction temperature were the important factors for C-ring aromatization, and AlCl3 could be substituted for BF3·Et2O as a lewis acid for C-ring aromatization. Halogenation of E-ring of 2β-chloropodophyllotoxins with NCS or NBS also led to the same C-ring aromatization compounds. Especially compounds 5c, 6g and 7b exhibited insecticidal activity equal to that of toosendanin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Fan
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design &Synthesis, College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhi
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design &Synthesis, College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhiping Che
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design &Synthesis, College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Hui Xu
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design &Synthesis, College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, P. R. China
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35
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Abstract
Iron salts are inexpensive and almost innocuous; they are thus the promoters of choice, even in stoichiometric amounts, for the formation of carbon-carbon bonds in the backbone of complex molecules. This review encompasses the key role of iron complexes in the total synthesis of some natural products or pharmacologically important compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Legros
- COBRA UMR 6014 Normandie Univ, Univ Rouen, INSA Rouen and CNRS 1 rue Lucien Tesnière, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France.
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36
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Abstract
The synthesis of the sesquiterpene endoperoxide natural product 10,12-peroxycalamenene has been achieved. Featured transformations include an intramolecular Heck reaction to build the fused bicyclic core and a cobalt-catalyzed peroxidation to install the peroxide functional group. The final step involved an SN1-type ring closure catalyzed by DDQ to construct the 1,2-dioxepane ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin A Hilf
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Luke W Witthoft
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - K A Woerpel
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
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37
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Nokami T, Yamane Y, Oshitani S, Kobayashi JK, Matsui SI, Nishihara T, Uno H, Hayase S, Itoh T. The β-Silyl Effect on the Memory of Chirality in Friedel-Crafts Alkylation Using Chiral α-Aryl Alcohols. Org Lett 2015; 17:3182-5. [PMID: 26067720 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Iron salt-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts alkylation of chiral α-aryl alcohols with a trimethylsilyl group was found to proceed with retention of the configuration of the hydroxyl group as a leaving group. The memory of chirality of this system stems from the β-silyl effect of the trimethylsilyl group on the carbocation intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hidemitsu Uno
- §Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama City 790-8577, Ehime, Japan
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38
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Sawama Y, Kawajiri T, Asai S, Yasukawa N, Shishido Y, Monguchi Y, Sajiki H. Biarylmethane and Fused Heterocyclic Arene Synthesis via in Situ Generated o- and/or p-Naphthoquinone Methides. J Org Chem 2015; 80:5556-65. [PMID: 25938963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
o- and/or p-naphthoquinone methides (NQMs) can be selectively prepared by the ring opening of 1-(siloxymethyl)-1,4-epoxy-1,4-dihydronaphthalene derivatives based on a substituent effect at the 4 position of the substrates. The 4-alkyl- or silyl-substituted 1-(siloxymethyl)-1,4-epoxy-1,4-dihydronaphthalene was transformed to o-NQM (1-naphthoquinone-2-methide), which underwent Friedel-Crafts 1,4-addition of the α,β-unsaturated carbonyl moiety to provide the 2-benzyl-1-naphthol as the biarylmethane and [4 + 2]-cycloaddition with a dienophile to give the fused heterocyclic arene. Meanwhile, the 4-unsubstituted 1-(siloxymethyl)-1,4-epoxy-1,4-dihydronaphthalene could be converted to the corresponding 4-benzyl-1-naphthol by the Friedel-Crafts 1,6-addition of p-NQM (1-naphthoquinone-4-methide) generated by the site-selective ring opening of the 1,4-epoxy moiety. Furthermore, the 4-(siloxymethyl)-(1,4-bis(siloxymethyl))-1,4-epoxy-1,4-dihydronaphthalene was transformed into a 2,4-bisbenzyl-1-naphthol or pentacyclic derivative via both the o- and p-NQM intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinari Sawama
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kawajiri
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Shota Asai
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Naoki Yasukawa
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Yuko Shishido
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Yasunari Monguchi
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Hironao Sajiki
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
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39
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Ma Y, Zhang D, Yan Z, Wang M, Bian C, Gao X, Bunel EE, Lei A. Iron-Catalyzed Oxidative C–H/C–H Cross-Coupling between Electron-Rich Arenes and Alkenes. Org Lett 2015; 17:2174-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Ma
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, the Institute for Advanced Studies
(IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongchao Zhang
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, the Institute for Advanced Studies
(IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Yan
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, the Institute for Advanced Studies
(IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengfan Wang
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, the Institute for Advanced Studies
(IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changliang Bian
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, the Institute for Advanced Studies
(IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinlong Gao
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, the Institute for Advanced Studies
(IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Emilio E. Bunel
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Aiwen Lei
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, the Institute for Advanced Studies
(IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
- National
Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, People’s Republic of China
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40
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingmar Bauer
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Knölker
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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41
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Sawama Y, Asai S, Kawajiri T, Monguchi Y, Sajiki H. Biaryl Synthesis by Ring-Opening Friedel-Crafts Arylation of 1,4-Epoxy-1,4-dihydronaphthalenes Catalyzed by Iron Trichloride. Chemistry 2014; 21:2222-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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42
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Yang Q, Xu T, Yu Z. Iron-Mediated Carboarylation/Cyclization of Propargylanilines with Acetals: A Concise Route to Indeno[2,1-c]quinolines. Org Lett 2014; 16:6310-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol503039j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yang
- Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan
Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Tongyu Xu
- Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan
Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Zhengkun Yu
- Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan
Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of
Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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43
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Fustero S, Miró J, Sánchez‐Roselló M, del Pozo C. Tandem Gold Self‐Relay Catalysis for the Synthesis of 2,3‐Dihydropyridin‐4(1
H
)‐ones: Combination of σ and π Lewis Acid Properties of Gold Salts. Chemistry 2014; 20:14126-31. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Santos Fustero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, 46100‐Burjassot (Spain)
- Laboratorio de Moléculas Orgánicas, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe, 46012‐Valencia (Spain)
| | - Javier Miró
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, 46100‐Burjassot (Spain)
| | - María Sánchez‐Roselló
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, 46100‐Burjassot (Spain)
- Laboratorio de Moléculas Orgánicas, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe, 46012‐Valencia (Spain)
| | - Carlos del Pozo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, 46100‐Burjassot (Spain)
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44
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Abstract
All the stereoisomers of butanol type 1,7-seco-2,7'-cyclolignane were stereoselectively synthesized by employing (S)- and (R)-Evans' auxiliaries to construct the stereochemistry. (+)- and (-)-Kadangustin J and their diastereomers were also prepared. The optical purity of the synthesized butanol type 1,7-seco-2,7'-cyclolignane was more than 99%ee.
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45
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Fan L, Guo Y, Zhi X, Yu X, Xu H. Stereoselective synthesis of 2α-Chloropicropodophyllotoxins and insecticidal activity of their esters against oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata walker. J Agric Food Chem 2014; 62:3726-3733. [PMID: 24724803 DOI: 10.1021/jf405316w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
As part of ongoing efforts to discover new natural-product-based insecticidal agents, in the present study, an efficient method for the stereoselective α-chlorination at the C-2 position of 2'(2',6')-(di)halogenopodophyllotoxin derivatives was first developed. Subsequently, a series of novel esters of 2α-chloro-2'(2',6')-(di)halogenopicropodophyllotoxin with modified C, D, and E rings of podophyllotoxin were smoothly obtained. Finally, all of the title compounds were tested against the pre-third-instar larvae of oriental armyworm (Mythimna separata Walker) at 1 mg/mL. It was found that besides their 2'-halogen-substituted E ring, the stereoselective α-chlorination at the C-2 position of 2'(2',6')-(di)halogenopodophyllotoxins was also related to the chlorination reagents. Especially 2α-chloro-4α-(benzoyl)oxy-2'-chloropicropodophyllotoxin (6e) and 2α-chloro-4α-(2-chlorophenylacyl)oxy-2'-bromopicropodophyllotoxin (8f) showed the most potent insecticidal activities, with final mortality rates of >60%. For 4α-(alkylacyl)oxy derivatives of 2α-chloro-2'(2',6')-(di)halogenopicropodophyllotoxin, the effect of the length of their side chain at the C-4 position of podophyllotoxin skeleton on the insecticidal activity was not very obvious. For 4α-(arylacyl)oxy derivatives of 2α-chloro-2'-chloro/bromopicropodophyllotoxin, an electronic effect of the substituents on their phenyl ring at the C-4 position of podophyllotoxin skeleton on the insecticidal activity was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Fan
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Design and Synthesis, College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province People's Republic of China
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Ting CP, Maimone TJ. CH Bond Arylation in the Synthesis of Aryltetralin Lignans: A Short Total Synthesis of Podophyllotoxin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201311112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Ting CP, Maimone TJ. CH Bond Arylation in the Synthesis of Aryltetralin Lignans: A Short Total Synthesis of Podophyllotoxin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:3115-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201311112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Nitsch D, Huber SM, Pöthig A, Narayanan A, Olah GA, Prakash GKS, Bach T. Chiral Propargylic Cations as Intermediates in SN1-Type Reactions: Substitution Pattern, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies, and Origin of the Diastereoselectivity. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:2851-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja411772n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Nitsch
- Department
Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Stefan M. Huber
- Department
Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Alexander Pöthig
- Department
Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Arjun Narayanan
- Loker
Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
| | - George A. Olah
- Loker
Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
| | - G. K. Surya Prakash
- Loker
Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Department
Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
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Huo C, Kang L, Xu X, Jia X, Wang X, Yuan Y, Xie H. Friedel–Crafts alkylation of 2-naphthols with enamides and enethers induced by catalytic amount of triarylaminium salt. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.12.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Reddel JCT, Lutz KE, Diagne AB, Thomson RJ. Stereocontrolled syntheses of tetralone- and naphthyl-type lignans by a one-pot oxidative [3,3] rearrangement/Friedel-Crafts arylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:1395-8. [PMID: 24356917 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201307659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The development of a stereoselective one-pot oxidative [3,3] sigmatropic rearrangement/Friedel-Crafts arylation that provides enantioenriched benzhydryl compounds is reported. The utility of this new transformation is demonstrated by the concise synthesis of several tetralone- and naphthyl-type lignan natural products, many of which display anti-malarial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan C T Reddel
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 (USA)
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