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Nissen L, Casciano F, Chiarello E, Di Nunzio M, Bordoni A, Gianotti A. Sourdough process and spirulina-enrichment can mitigate the limitations of colon fermentation performances of gluten-free breads in non-celiac gut model. Food Chem 2024; 436:137633. [PMID: 37839115 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the impact of gluten free (GF) breads enriched with spirulina on the ecology of the colon microbiota of non-celiac volunteers was investigated. Simulation of digestion of GF breads was conducted with an in vitro gut model. Microbiomics and metabolomics analyses were done during colon fermentations to study the modulation of the microbiota. From the results, a general increase in Proteobacteria and no reduction of detrimental microbial metabolites were observed in any conditions. Notwithstanding, algae enriched sourdough breads showed potential functionalities, as the improvement of some health-related ecological indicators, like i) microbiota eubiosis; ii) production of bioactive volatile organic fatty acids; iii) production of bioactives terpenes. Our results indicate that a sourdough fermentation and algae enrichment can mitigate the negative effect of GF breads on gut microbiota of non-celiac consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Nissen
- DiSTAL - Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, P.za G. Goidanich, 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy; CIRI - Interdepartmental Centre of Agri-Food Industrial Research, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, P.za G. Goidanich, 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy; CRBA, Centre for Applied Biomedical Research, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, Bologna 40100, Italy.
| | - Flavia Casciano
- DiSTAL - Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, P.za G. Goidanich, 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy; CRBA, Centre for Applied Biomedical Research, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, Bologna 40100, Italy.
| | - Elena Chiarello
- DiSTAL - Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, P.za G. Goidanich, 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy.
| | - Mattia Di Nunzio
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DEFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Bordoni
- DiSTAL - Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, P.za G. Goidanich, 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy; CIRI - Interdepartmental Centre of Agri-Food Industrial Research, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, P.za G. Goidanich, 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy.
| | - Andrea Gianotti
- DiSTAL - Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, P.za G. Goidanich, 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy; CIRI - Interdepartmental Centre of Agri-Food Industrial Research, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, P.za G. Goidanich, 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy; CRBA, Centre for Applied Biomedical Research, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, Bologna 40100, Italy.
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Nissen L, Casciano F, Babini E, Gianotti A. Beneficial metabolic transformations and prebiotic potential of hemp bran and its alcalase hydrolysate, after colonic fermentation in a gut model. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1552. [PMID: 36707683 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27726-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemp seed bran (HB) is an industrial food byproduct that is generally discarded. Knowledge on the functional capabilities of HB is limited and it is not known the impact of HB on human colon microbiota, where vegetable fibers are metabolized. In this work, we investigated in depth the prebiotic potential of HB and HB protein extract hydrolyzed by alcalase (HBPA) in comparison to fructooligosaccharides (FOS) after human distal colonic fermentation using MICODE (multi-unit in vitro colon gut model). During the 24 h of fermentation, metabolomics (SPME GC/MS) and microbiomics (MiSeq and qPCR) analyses were performed. The results indicated that HBPA on a colonic fermentation had a higher prebiotic index than HB (p < 0.05), and slightly lower to that of FOS (p > 0.05). This feature was described and explained as HBPA colonic fermentation produces beneficial organic fatty acids (e.g. Pentanoic and Hexanoic acids); reduces detrimental phenol derivates (e.g. p-Cresol); produces bioactives VOCs (e.g. Acetophenone or 4-Terpineol); increases beneficial bacteria (e.g. 1.76 fold and 2.07 fold more of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Bacteroides fragilis, respectively) and limits opportunistic bacteria (e.g. 3.04 fold and 2.07 fold less of Bilophila wadsworthia and Desulfovibrio, respectively). Our study evidenced the prebiotic role of HB and HBPA, and within the principles of OneHealth it valorizes a byproduct from the queen plant of sustainable crops as a food supplement.
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Şenocak A, Taş NA, Taslimi P, Tüzün B, Aydin A, Karadağ A. Novel amino acid Schiff base Zn(II) complexes as new therapeutic approaches in diabetes and Alzheimer's disease: Synthesis, characterization, biological evaluation, and molecular docking studies. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 36:e22969. [PMID: 34812557 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Schiff bases are compounds that have gained importance in the paint industry due to their colorful nature and in the field of chemistry and biochemistry due to their biological activities. Various biological applications of Schiff bases, such as antitumor, antifungal, antibacterial, antioxidant, antituberculosis, and anthelmintic, have been widely studied. Within the scope of the study, 5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde and amino acid methyl esters (isoleucine, phenylalanine, and methionine) and amino acid Schiff bases were synthesized first. The synthesis of the new Zn(II) complexes of these Schiff bases was carried out by the reaction of synthesized Schiff bases and Zn(OAc)2 ·2H2 O. The structures of the synthesized complexes were elucidated using elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, UV-visible, and thermal analysis spectroscopy techniques. These synthesized salts were found to be effective inhibitor compounds for the α-glycosidase, and acetylcholinesterase enzyme with Ki values in the range of 30.50 ± 3.82-38.17 ± 6.26 µM for α-glycosidase, 3.68 ± 0.54-10.27 ± 1.68 µM for butyrylcholinesterase, and 6.26 ± 0.83-15.73 ± 4.73 µM for acetylcholinesterase, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşegül Şenocak
- Chemistry Department, Art and Science Faculty, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Nilay A Taş
- Chemistry Department, Art and Science Faculty, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey.,Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey
| | - Parham Taslimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey
| | - Burak Tüzün
- Chemistry Department, Science Faculty, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Ali Aydin
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Karadağ
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
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Nissen L, Casciano F, Babini E, Gianotti A. The Exploitation of a Hempseed Byproduct to Produce Flavorings and Healthy Food Ingredients by a Fermentation Process. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9122418. [PMID: 34946020 PMCID: PMC8707447 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Following the One Health principles in food science, the challenge to valorize byproducts from the industrial sector is open. Hemp (Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa) is considered an important icon of sustainability and as an alternative food source. Hemp seed bran, in particular, is a byproduct of industrial hemp seed processing, which is not yet valorized. The success, and a wider market diffusion of hemp seed for food applications, is hindered by its unpleasant taste, which is produced by certain compounds that generally overwhelm the pleasant bouquet of the fresh product. This research concerns the exploration of hemp seed bran through fermentation using beneficial lactobacilli, focusing on the sensorial and bioactive traits of the products when they are subjected to bacterial transformation. By studying of the aromatic profile formation during the fermentation process the aim was to modulate it in order to reduce off-odors without affecting the presence of healthy volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Applying multivariate analyses, it was possible to target the contribution of processing parameters to the generation of flavoring and bioactive compounds. To conclude, the fermentation process proposed was able to reduce unpleasant VOCs, whilst at the same time keeping the healthy ones, and it also improved nutritional quality, depending on time and bacterial starters. The fermentation proposed was a sustainable biotechnological approach that fitted perfectly with the valorization of hemp byproducts from the perspective of a green-oriented industrial process that avoids synthetic masking agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Nissen
- CIRI (Interdepartmental Centre of Agri-Food Industrial Research), Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, P.za Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy; (L.N.); (E.B.)
- DISTAL (Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences), Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, V. le Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Flavia Casciano
- DISTAL (Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences), Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, V. le Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Elena Babini
- CIRI (Interdepartmental Centre of Agri-Food Industrial Research), Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, P.za Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy; (L.N.); (E.B.)
- DISTAL (Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences), Campus of Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, P.za Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Andrea Gianotti
- CIRI (Interdepartmental Centre of Agri-Food Industrial Research), Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, P.za Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy; (L.N.); (E.B.)
- DISTAL (Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences), Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, V. le Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy;
- DISTAL (Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences), Campus of Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, P.za Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Nissen L, Valerii MC, Spisni E, Casciano F, Gianotti A. Multiunit In Vitro Colon Model for the Evaluation of Prebiotic Potential of a Fiber Plus D-Limonene Food Supplement. Foods 2021; 10:2371. [PMID: 34681420 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for new fiber supplements that can claim to be "prebiotic" is expanding fast, as the role of prebiotics and intestinal microbiota in well-being has been well established. This work explored the prebiotic potential of a novel fiber plus D-Limonene supplement (FLS) in comparison to fructooligosaccharides (FOS) over distal colonic fermentation with the in vitro model MICODE (multi-unit in vitro colon gut model). During fermentation, volatilome characterization and core microbiota quantifications were performed, then correlations among volatiles and microbes were interpreted. The results indicated that FLS generated positive effects on the host gut model, determining: (i) eubiosis; (ii) increased abundance of beneficial bacteria, as Bifidobacteriaceae; (iii) production of beneficial compounds, as n-Decanoic acid; (iv) reduction in detrimental bacteria, as Enterobaceteriaceae; (v) reduction in detrimental compounds, as skatole. The approach that we followed permitted us to describe the prebiotic potential of FLS and its ability to steadily maintain the metabolism of colon microbiota over time. This aspect is two-faced and should be investigated further because if a fast microbial turnover and production of beneficial compounds is a hallmark of a prebiotic, the ability to reduce microbiota changes and to reduce imbalances in the productions of microbial metabolites could be an added value to FLS. In fact, it has been recently demonstrated that these aspects could serve as an adjuvant in metabolic disorders and cognitive decline.
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Atmaca U, Alp C, Akincioglu H, Karaman HS, Gülçin İ, Çelik M. Novel hypervalent iodine catalyzed synthesis of α-sulfonoxy ketones: Biological activity and molecular docking studies. J Mol Struct 2021; 1239:130492. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Günsel A, Taslimi P, Atmaca GY, Bilgiçli AT, Pişkin H, Ceylan Y, Erdoğmuş A, Yarasir MN, Gülçin İ. Novel potential metabolic enzymes inhibitor, photosensitizer and antibacterial agents based on water-soluble phthalocyanine bearing imidazole derivative. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Bal S, Demirci Ö, Şen B, Taşkın Tok T, Taslimi P, Aktaş A, Gök Y, Aygün M, Gülçin İ. Silver
N
‐heterocyclic carbene complexes bearing fluorinated benzyl group: Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure, computational studies, and inhibitory properties against some metabolic enzymes. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Selma Bal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts University of Kahramanmaraş Sütçü Imam Kahramanmaraş Turkey
| | - Özlem Demirci
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts Inonu University Malatya Turkey
| | - Betül Şen
- Faculty of Science, Department of Physics Dokuz Eylül University İzmir Turkey
| | - Tuğba Taşkın Tok
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry Gaziantep University Gaziantep Turkey
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Gaziantep University Gaziantep Turkey
| | - Parham Taslimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science Bartin University Bartin Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Istinye University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Aydın Aktaş
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts Inonu University Malatya Turkey
- Vocational School of Health Service Inonu University Malatya Turkey
| | - Yetkin Gök
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts Inonu University Malatya Turkey
| | - Muhittin Aygün
- Faculty of Science, Department of Physics Dokuz Eylül University İzmir Turkey
| | - İlhami Gülçin
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry Atatürk University Erzurum Turkey
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Bal S, Demirci Ö, Şen B, Taslimi P, Aktaş A, Gök Y, Aygün M, Gülçin İ. PEPPSI type Pd(II)NHC complexes bearing chloro-/fluorobenzyl group: Synthesis, characterization, crystal structures, α-glycosidase and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory properties. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Nissen L, Casciano F, Chiarello E, Di Nunzio M, Bordoni A, Gianotti A. Colonic In Vitro Model Assessment of the Prebiotic Potential of Bread Fortified with Polyphenols Rich Olive Fiber. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030787. [PMID: 33673592 PMCID: PMC7997273 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of olive pomace could represent an innovative and low-cost strategy to formulate healthier and value-added foods, and bakery products are good candidates for enrichment. In this work, we explored the prebiotic potential of bread enriched with Polyphenol Rich Fiber (PRF), a defatted olive pomace byproduct previously studied in the European Project H2020 EcoProlive. To this aim, after in vitro digestion, the PRF-enriched bread, its standard control, and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) underwent distal colonic fermentation using the in vitro colon model MICODE (multi-unit colon gut model). Sampling was done prior, over and after 24 h of fermentation, then metabolomic analysis by Solid Phase Micro Extraction Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (SPME GCMS), 16S-rDNA genomic sequencing of colonic microbiota by MiSeq, and absolute quantification of main bacterial species by qPCR were performed. The results indicated that PRF-enriched bread generated positive effects on the host gut model: (i) surge in eubiosis; (ii) increased abundance of beneficial bacterial groups, such as Bifidobacteriaceae and Lactobacillales; (iii) production of certain bioactive metabolites, such as low organic fatty acids; (iv) reduction in detrimental compounds, such as skatole. Our study not only evidenced the prebiotic role of PRF-enriched bread, thereby paving the road for further use of olive by-products, but also highlighted the potential of the in vitro gut model MICODE in the critical evaluation of functionality of food prototypes as modulators of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Nissen
- CIRI-Interdepartmental Centre of Agri-Food Industrial Research, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Piazza G. Goidanich, 60, 47521 Cesena (FC), Italy; (M.D.N.); (A.B.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0547-338-146
| | - Flavia Casciano
- DiSTAL-Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Piazza G. Goidanich, 60, 47521 Cesena (FC), Italy; (F.C.); (E.C.)
| | - Elena Chiarello
- DiSTAL-Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Piazza G. Goidanich, 60, 47521 Cesena (FC), Italy; (F.C.); (E.C.)
| | - Mattia Di Nunzio
- CIRI-Interdepartmental Centre of Agri-Food Industrial Research, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Piazza G. Goidanich, 60, 47521 Cesena (FC), Italy; (M.D.N.); (A.B.); (A.G.)
- DiSTAL-Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Piazza G. Goidanich, 60, 47521 Cesena (FC), Italy; (F.C.); (E.C.)
| | - Alessandra Bordoni
- CIRI-Interdepartmental Centre of Agri-Food Industrial Research, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Piazza G. Goidanich, 60, 47521 Cesena (FC), Italy; (M.D.N.); (A.B.); (A.G.)
- DiSTAL-Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Piazza G. Goidanich, 60, 47521 Cesena (FC), Italy; (F.C.); (E.C.)
| | - Andrea Gianotti
- CIRI-Interdepartmental Centre of Agri-Food Industrial Research, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Piazza G. Goidanich, 60, 47521 Cesena (FC), Italy; (M.D.N.); (A.B.); (A.G.)
- DiSTAL-Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Piazza G. Goidanich, 60, 47521 Cesena (FC), Italy; (F.C.); (E.C.)
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Çelik F, Türkan F, Aras A, Atalar MN, Karaman HS, Ünver Y, Kahriman N. Synthesis of novel 1,2,3 triazole derivatives and assessment of their potential cholinesterases, glutathione S-transferase enzymes inhibitory properties: An in vitro and in silico study. Bioorg Chem 2021; 107:104606. [PMID: 33476865 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, new 1,2,3-triazole derivatives containing chalcone core (1-7) were synthesized. Obtained compounds were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass studies. Characterized compounds (1-7) inhibitory effects were tested against the glutathione S-transferase (GST), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Their Ki values were in the range of 5.88-11.13 µM on AChE, 5.08-15.12 µM on BChE, and 9.82-13.22 µM on GST. Remarkable inhibitory effects were obtained against three tested metabolic enzymes. Also, binding scores of the best-inhibitors against AChE, BChE, and GST enzymes were detected as -9.969 kcal/mol, -10.672 kcal/mol, and -8.832 kcal/mol, respectively. Isoindoline-1,3-dione and benzothiophene moieties played a critical role in the inhibition of AChE and BChE enzymes, respectively. Phenylene and triazole moieties had the most important interactions for inhibition of the GST enzyme. Therefore, in vivo and in silico results indicated that these compounds can be considered in drug design processes for the treatment of some diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD), leukemia, and some type of cancer.
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