1
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Cringoli MC, Marchesan S. Cysteine Redox Chemistry in Peptide Self-Assembly to Modulate Hydrogelation. Molecules 2023; 28:4970. [PMID: 37446630 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28134970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cysteine redox chemistry is widely used in nature to direct protein assembly, and in recent years it has inspired chemists to design self-assembling peptides too. In this concise review, we describe the progress in the field focusing on the recent advancements that make use of Cys thiol-disulfide redox chemistry to modulate hydrogelation of various peptide classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Cringoli
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvia Marchesan
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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2
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Liao Y, Wang M, Jiang X. Sulfur-containing peptides: Synthesis and application in the discovery of potential drug candidates. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2023; 75:102336. [PMID: 37269675 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Peptides act as biological mediators and play a key role of various physiological activities. Sulfur-containing peptides are widely used in natural products and drug molecules due to their unique biological activity and chemical reactivity of sulfur. Disulfides, thioethers, and thioamides are the most common motifs of sulfur-containing peptides, and they have been extensively studied and developed for synthetic methodology as well as pharmaceutical applications. This review focuses on the illustration of these three motifs in natural products and drugs, as well as the recent advancements in the synthesis of the corresponding core scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Liao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xuefeng Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, China.
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3
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Thakur AK, Miller SE, Liau NPD, Hwang S, Hansen S, de Sousa E Melo F, Sudhamsu J, Hannoush RN. Synthetic Multivalent Disulfide-Constrained Peptide Agonists Potentiate Wnt1/β-Catenin Signaling via LRP6 Coreceptor Clustering. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:772-784. [PMID: 36893429 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.2c00753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Wnt ligands are critical for tissue homeostasis and form a complex with LRP6 and frizzled coreceptors to initiate Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Yet, how different Wnts achieve various levels of signaling activation through distinct domains on LRP6 remains elusive. Developing tool ligands that target individual LRP6 domains could help elucidate the mechanism of Wnt signaling regulation and uncover pharmacological approaches for pathway modulation. We employed directed evolution of a disulfide constrained peptide (DCP) to identify molecules that bind to the third β-propeller domain of LRP6. The DCPs antagonize Wnt3a while sparing Wnt1 signaling. Using PEG linkers with different geometries, we converted the Wnt3a antagonist DCPs to multivalent molecules that potentiated Wnt1 signaling by clustering the LRP6 coreceptor. The mechanism of potentiation is unique as it occurred only in the presence of extracellular secreted Wnt1 ligand. While all DCPs recognized a similar binding interface on LRP6, they displayed different spatial orientations that influenced their cellular activities. Moreover, structural analyses revealed that the DCPs exhibited new folds that were distinct from the parent DCP framework they were evolved from. The multivalent ligand design principles highlighted in this study provide a path for developing peptide agonists that modulate different branches of cellular Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash K Thakur
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Stephen E Miller
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Nicholas P D Liau
- Department of Structural Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Sunhee Hwang
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Simon Hansen
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Felipe de Sousa E Melo
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jawahar Sudhamsu
- Department of Structural Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Rami N Hannoush
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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4
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Komar AA. Molecular Peptide Grafting as a Tool to Create Novel Protein Therapeutics. Molecules 2023; 28:2383. [PMID: 36903628 PMCID: PMC10005171 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of peptides (synthetic or corresponding to discrete regions of proteins) has facilitated the understanding of protein structure-activity relationships. Short peptides can also be used as powerful therapeutic agents. However, the functional activity of many short peptides is usually substantially lower than that of their parental proteins. This is (as a rule) due to their diminished structural organization, stability, and solubility often leading to an enhanced propensity for aggregation. Several approaches have emerged to overcome these limitations, which are aimed at imposing structural constraints into the backbone and/or sidechains of the therapeutic peptides (such as molecular stapling, peptide backbone circularization and molecular grafting), therefore enforcing their biologically active conformation and thus improving their solubility, stability, and functional activity. This review provides a short summary of approaches aimed at enhancing the biological activity of short functional peptides with a particular focus on the peptide grafting approach, whereby a functional peptide is inserted into a scaffold molecule. Intra-backbone insertions of short therapeutic peptides into scaffold proteins have been shown to enhance their activity and render them a more stable and biologically active conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton A. Komar
- Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA; ; Tel.: +1-216-687-2516
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for RNA Science and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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5
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Xing Y, Wang Y, Ma D, Shen S, Song C, Zhang N, Bo T, Shi T, Huo S. N-Halosuccinimides mediated deprotection of cysteine-S protecting groups for one-pot regioselective synthesis of disulfide bonds in peptides under mild aqueous conditions. Tetrahedron Lett 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2023.154459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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6
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Niehues H, Rikken G, Kersten FFJ, Eeftens JM, van Vlijmen-Willems IMJJ, Rodijk-Olthuis D, Jansen PAM, Hendriks WJAJ, Ederveen THA, Schalkwijk J, van den Bogaard EH, Zeeuwen PLJM. CYSRT1: an antimicrobial epidermal protein that can interact with late cornified envelope (LCE) proteins. J Invest Dermatol 2023:S0022-202X(23)00085-4. [PMID: 36804407 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Late cornified envelope (LCE) proteins are small cationic epidermal proteins with antimicrobial properties, and the combined deletion of LCE3B and LCE3C genes is a risk factor for psoriasis that affects skin microbiome composition. In a yeast two-hybrid screen we identified cysteine-rich tail 1 protein (CYSRT1) as an interacting partner of members of all LCE groups except LCE6. These interactions were confirmed in a mammalian cell system by co-immunoprecipitation. CYSRT1 is a protein of unknown function that is specifically expressed in cutaneous and oral epithelia and spatially colocalizes with LCE proteins in the upper layers of the suprabasal epidermis. Constitutive CYSRT1 expression is present in fully differentiated epidermis and can be further induced in vivo by disruption of the skin barrier upon stratum corneum removal. Transcriptional regulation correlates to keratinocyte terminal differentiation but not to skin bacteria exposure. Similar to LCEs, CYSRT1 was found to have antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Comparative gene sequence analysis and protein amino acid alignment indicates that CYSRT1 is highly conserved among vertebrates and has putative antimicrobial activity. To summarize, we identified CYSRT1 in the outer skin layer, where it colocalizes with LCE proteins and contributes to the constitutive epidermal antimicrobial host defense repertoire.
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7
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Diessner EM, Takahashi GR, Cross TJ, Martin RW, Butts CT. Mutation Effects on Structure and Dynamics: Adaptive Evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease. Biochemistry 2023; 62:747-758. [PMID: 36656653 PMCID: PMC9888416 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.2c00479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The main protease of SARS-CoV-2 (Mpro) plays a critical role in viral replication; although it is relatively conserved, Mpro has nevertheless evolved over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we examine phenotypic changes in clinically observed variants of Mpro, relative to the originally reported wild-type enzyme. Using atomistic molecular dynamics simulations, we examine effects of mutation on protein structure and dynamics. In addition to basic structural properties such as variation in surface area and torsion angles, we use protein structure networks and active site networks to evaluate functionally relevant characters related to global cohesion and active site constraint. Substitution analysis shows a continuing trend toward more hydrophobic residues that are dependent on the location of the residue in primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures. Phylogenetic analysis provides additional evidence for the impact of selective pressure on mutation of Mpro. Overall, these analyses suggest evolutionary adaptation of Mpro toward more hydrophobicity and a less-constrained active site in response to the selective pressures of a novel host environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Diessner
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Gemma R Takahashi
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Thomas J Cross
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Rachel W Martin
- Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Carter T Butts
- Departments of Sociology, Statistics, Computer Science, and EECS, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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8
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Liu C, Yan Q, Yi K, Hu T, Wang J, Zhang Z, Li H, Luo Y, Zhang D, Meng E. A secretory system for extracellular production of spider neurotoxin huwentoxin-I in Escherichia coli. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 53:914-922. [PMID: 36573266 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2022.2158473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Due to their advantages in structural stability and versatility, cysteine-rich peptides, which are secreted from the venom glands of venomous animals, constitute a naturally occurring pharmaceutical arsenal. However, the correct folding of disulfide bonds is a challenging task in the prokaryotic expression system like Escherichia coli due to the reducing environment. Here, a secretory expression plasmid pSE-G1M5-SUMO-HWTX-I for the spider neurotoxin huwentoxin-I (HWTX-I) with three disulfides as a model of cysteine-rich peptides was constructed. By utilizing the signal peptide G1M5, the fusion protein 6 × His-SUMO-HWTX-I was successfully secreted into extracellular medium of BL21(DE3). After enrichment using cation-exchange chromatography and purification utilizing the Ni-NTA column, 6 × His-SUMO-HWTX-I was digested via Ulp1 kinase to release recombinant HWTX-I (rHWTX-I), which was further purified utilizing RP-HPLC. Finally, both impurities with low and high molecular weights were completely removed. The molecular mass of rHWTX-I was identified as being 3750.8 Da, which was identical to natural HWTX-I with three disulfide bridges. Furthermore, by utilizing whole-cell patch clamp, the sodium currents of hNav1.7 could be inhibited by rHWTX-I and the IC50 value was 419 nmol/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjun Liu
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Multiple Utilization of Economic Crops in Hunan Province, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Safe Utilization of Heavy Metal-polluted Soils, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
| | - Qing Yan
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
| | - Ke Yi
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
| | - Tianhao Hu
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
| | - Jianjie Wang
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zheyang Zhang
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
| | - Huimin Li
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yutao Luo
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
| | - Dongyi Zhang
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
| | - Er Meng
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Multiple Utilization of Economic Crops in Hunan Province, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Safe Utilization of Heavy Metal-polluted Soils, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
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9
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Loth K, Parisot N, Paquet F, Terrasson H, Sivignon C, Rahioui I, Ribeiro Lopes M, Gaget K, Duport G, Delmas AF, Aucagne V, Heddi A, Calevro F, da Silva P. Aphid BCR4 Structure and Activity Uncover a New Defensin Peptide Superfamily. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012480. [PMID: 36293341 PMCID: PMC9604261 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) are among the most detrimental insects for agricultural plants, and their management is a great challenge in agronomical research. A new class of proteins, called Bacteriocyte-specific Cysteine-Rich (BCR) peptides, provides an alternative to chemical insecticides for pest control. BCRs were initially identified in the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum. They are small disulfide bond-rich proteins expressed exclusively in aphid bacteriocytes, the insect cells that host intracellular symbiotic bacteria. Here, we show that one of the A. pisum BCRs, BCR4, displays prominent insecticidal activity against the pea aphid, impairing insect survival and nymphal growth, providing evidence for its potential use as a new biopesticide. Our comparative genomics and phylogenetic analyses indicate that BCRs are restricted to the aphid lineage. The 3D structure of BCR4 reveals that this peptide belongs to an as-yet-unknown structural class of peptides and defines a new superfamily of defensins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Loth
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR 4301, 45071 Orléans, France
- UFR Sciences et Techniques, Université d’Orléans, 45071 Orléans, France
| | - Nicolas Parisot
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, INRAE, BF2I, UMR 203, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Françoise Paquet
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR 4301, 45071 Orléans, France
| | - Hugo Terrasson
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, INRAE, BF2I, UMR 203, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Isabelle Rahioui
- Univ Lyon, INRAE, INSA Lyon, BF2I, UMR 203, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Karen Gaget
- Univ Lyon, INRAE, INSA Lyon, BF2I, UMR 203, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Gabrielle Duport
- Univ Lyon, INRAE, INSA Lyon, BF2I, UMR 203, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Agnès F. Delmas
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR 4301, 45071 Orléans, France
| | - Vincent Aucagne
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR 4301, 45071 Orléans, France
| | - Abdelaziz Heddi
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, INRAE, BF2I, UMR 203, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Federica Calevro
- Univ Lyon, INRAE, INSA Lyon, BF2I, UMR 203, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Pedro da Silva
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, INRAE, BF2I, UMR 203, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
- Correspondence:
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10
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Jacob B, Vogelaar A, Cadenas E, Camarero JA. Using the Cyclotide Scaffold for Targeting Biomolecular Interactions in Drug Development. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196430. [PMID: 36234971 PMCID: PMC9570680 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This review provides an overview of the properties of cyclotides and their potential for developing novel peptide-based therapeutics. The selective disruption of protein–protein interactions remains challenging, as the interacting surfaces are relatively large and flat. However, highly constrained polypeptide-based molecular frameworks with cell-permeability properties, such as the cyclotide scaffold, have shown great promise for targeting those biomolecular interactions. The use of molecular techniques, such as epitope grafting and molecular evolution employing the cyclotide scaffold, has shown to be highly effective for selecting bioactive cyclotides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binu Jacob
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 9033, USA
| | - Alicia Vogelaar
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 9033, USA
| | - Enrique Cadenas
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 9033, USA
| | - Julio A. Camarero
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 9033, USA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 9033, USA
- Correspondence:
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11
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Naseem MU, Carcamo-Noriega E, Beltrán-Vidal J, Borrego J, Szanto TG, Zamudio FZ, Delgado-Prudencio G, Possani LD, Panyi G. Cm28, a scorpion toxin having a unique primary structure, inhibits KV1.2 and KV1.3 with high affinity. J Gen Physiol 2022; 154:213282. [PMID: 35699659 PMCID: PMC9202693 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202213146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The Cm28 in the venom of Centruroides margaritatus is a short peptide consisting of 27 amino acid residues with a mol wt of 2,820 D. Cm28 has <40% similarity with other known α-KTx from scorpions and lacks the typical functional dyad (lysine-tyrosine) required to block KV channels. However, its unique sequence contains the three disulfide-bond traits of the α-KTx scorpion toxin family. We propose that Cm28 is the first example of a new subfamily of α-KTxs, registered with the systematic number α-KTx32.1. Cm28 inhibited voltage-gated K+ channels KV1.2 and KV1.3 with Kd values of 0.96 and 1.3 nM, respectively. There was no significant shift in the conductance-voltage (G-V) relationship for any of the channels in the presence of toxin. Toxin binding kinetics showed that the association and dissociation rates are consistent with a bimolecular interaction between the peptide and the channel. Based on these, we conclude that Cm28 is not a gating modifier but rather a pore blocker. In a selectivity assay, Cm28 at 150 nM concentration (>100× Kd value for KV1.3) did not inhibit KV1.5, KV11.1, KCa1.1, and KCa3.1 K+ channels; NaV1.5 and NaV1.4 Na+ channels; or the hHV1 H+ channel but blocked ∼27% of the KV1.1 current. In a biological functional assay, Cm28 strongly inhibited the expression of the activation markers interleukin-2 receptor and CD40 ligand in anti-CD3-activated human CD4+ effector memory T lymphocytes. Cm28, due to its unique structure, may serve as a template for the generation of novel peptides targeting KV1.3 in autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umair Naseem
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Edson Carcamo-Noriega
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - José Beltrán-Vidal
- Grupo de Investigaciones Herpetológicas y Toxinológicas, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y de la Educación, Universidad del Cauca, Popayán, Colombia
| | - Jesus Borrego
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tibor G. Szanto
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Fernando Z. Zamudio
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Delgado-Prudencio
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Lourival D. Possani
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Gyorgy Panyi
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary,Correspondence to Gyorgy Panyi:
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12
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Guido-Patiño JC, Plisson F. Profiling hymenopteran venom toxins: Protein families, structural landscape, biological activities, and pharmacological benefits. Toxicon X 2022; 14:100119. [PMID: 35372826 PMCID: PMC8971319 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hymenopterans are an untapped source of venom secretions. Their recent proteo-transcriptomic studies have revealed an extraordinary pool of toxins that participate in various biological processes, including pain, paralysis, allergic reactions, and antimicrobial activities. Comprehensive and clade-specific campaigns to collect hymenopteran venoms are therefore needed. We consider that data-driven bioprospecting may help prioritise sampling and alleviate associated costs. This work established the current protein landscape from hymenopteran venoms to evaluate possible sample bias by studying their origins, sequence diversity, known structures, and biological functions. We collected all 282 reported hymenopteran toxins (peptides and proteins) from the UniProt database that we clustered into 21 protein families from the three studied clades - wasps, bees, and ants. We identified 119 biological targets of hymenopteran toxins ranging from pathogen membranes to eukaryotic proteases, ion channels and protein receptors. Our systematic study further extended to hymenopteran toxins' therapeutic and biotechnological values, where we revealed promising applications in crop pests, human infections, autoimmune diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. The hymenopteran toxin diversity includes 21 protein families from 81 species. Some toxins are shared across wasps, bees and ants, others are clade-specific. Their venoms contain membrane-active peptides, neurotoxins, allergens and enzymes. Hymenopteran toxins have been tested against a total of 119 biological targets. Hymenopteran toxins were predominantly evaluated as anti-infective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Guido-Patiño
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados Del IPN (CINVESTAV), Unidad de Genómica Avanzada, Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para La Biodiversidad (Langebio), Irapuato, Guanajuato, 36824, Mexico
| | - Fabien Plisson
- CONACYT, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados Del IPN (CINVESTAV), Unidad de Genómica Avanzada, Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para La Biodiversidad (Langebio), Irapuato, Guanajuato, 36824, Mexico
- Corresponding author.
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13
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Kang L, Han T, Cong H, Yu B, Shen Y. Recent research progress of biologically active peptides. Biofactors 2022; 48:575-596. [PMID: 35080058 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid development of molecular biology and biochemical technology, great progress has been made in the study of peptides. Peptides are easy to digest and absorb, with lowering of blood pressure and cholesterol, improving immunity, regulating hormones, antibacterial, and antiviral effects. Peptides also have physiological regulation and biological metabolism functions with applications in the fields of feed production and biomedical research. In the future, the research focus of bioactive peptides will focus on their efficient preparation and application. This article introduces a comprehensive review of the types, synthesis, functionalization, and bio-related applications of bioactive peptides. For this aim, we introduced in detail various biopeptides and then presented the production methods of bioactive peptides, such as enzymatic synthesis, microbial fermentation, chemical synthesis, and others. The applications of bioactive peptides for anticancers, immune therapy, antibacterial, and other applications have been introduced and discussed. And discussed the development prospects of biologically active peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Kang
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tingting Han
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hailin Cong
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Youqing Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center for Bionanoengineering, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Attah FA, Mbanu AE, Chukwudulue UM, Jonah UJ, Njinga NS. Ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and a new chemotaxonomic marker in Oldenlandia affinis (Roem. & Schult.) DC. Rubiaceae. Physical Sciences Reviews 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2021-0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The proper documentation of ethnopharmacological application of widely used indigenous plants and their phytochemical analysis has positively impacted the drug discovery pipeline. Medicinal plants with potential commercial value and prospects for clinical application need to be properly identified and authenticated to avoid confusion, adulteration and substitution. Oldenlandia affinis (OA) has continued to attract scientific attention following the discovery of extremely stable cyclotides (circular peptides) that are not expressed in many investigated members of the contentious genus, Oldenlandia (synonym – Hedyotis); yet there is a lack of an elaborate review covering some broader aspects of its traditional uses, ethnopharmacology and phytochemistry of the species. More importantly, the age long but lingering confusion and taxonomic inconsistencies common to the Oldenlandia–Hedyotis debate could foster species mismatching, increase cases of misidentification, promote adulteration of OA and thereby limit its proper clinical application. Here, we aim to reveal the extent of indigenous use of and research on OA from 1960 till date, unveil knowledge gaps, document hitherto unknown traditional applications, ethnopharmacological uses, pharmacological properties, and reported phytochemical profile. In addition, to encourage proper selection and utilization of genuine crude drug, the chemotaxonomically important phytoconstituents of OA have been presented and the modern approach of chemophenetic study of OA proposed to resolve the lack of consensus in the taxonomy of OA as well as the morphologically and anatomically close members of the taxon. The abundant cyclotide expression in OA represents a new chemotaxonomic marker for its unambiguous identification, utilization and reproducibility of research findings on the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Alfred Attah
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug development, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Ilorin , Ilorin , Kwara State , Nigeria
| | - Augustine E. Mbanu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria
| | | | | | - Ngaitad S. Njinga
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry , University of Ilorin , Ilorin , Nigeria
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15
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Abstract
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Inherent susceptibility
of peptides to enzymatic degradation in
the gastrointestinal tract is a key bottleneck in oral peptide drug
development. Here, we present a systematic analysis of (i) the gut
stability of disulfide-rich peptide scaffolds, orally administered
peptide therapeutics, and well-known neuropeptides and (ii) medicinal
chemistry strategies to improve peptide gut stability. Among a broad
range of studied peptides, cyclotides were the only scaffold class
to resist gastrointestinal degradation, even when grafted with non-native
sequences. Backbone cyclization, a frequently applied strategy, failed
to improve stability in intestinal fluid, but several site-specific
alterations proved efficient. This work furthermore highlights the
importance of standardized gut stability test conditions and suggests
defined protocols to facilitate cross-study comparison. Together,
our results provide a comparative overview and framework for the chemical
engineering of gut-stable peptides, which should be valuable for the
development of orally administered peptide therapeutics and molecular
probes targeting receptors within the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kremsmayr
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Aws Aljnabi
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Juan B Blanco-Canosa
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Hue N T Tran
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Nayara Braga Emidio
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Markus Muttenthaler
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, Vienna 1090, Austria.,Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Ma D, Sun J, Shen S, Chen H, Xu W, Wang Y, Song C, Shi T, Huo S. Deprotection of S-Acetamidomethyl and 1,3-Thiazolidine-4-Carbonyl Protecting Groups from Cysteine Side Chains in Peptides by trans-[PtX 2(CN) 4] 2-: One-Pot Regioselective Synthesis of Disulfide Bonds. J Org Chem 2022; 87:1470-1476. [PMID: 34985274 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we developed an efficient approach for disulfide bond formation in peptides utilizing the Pt(IV) complex trans-[PtBr2(CN)4]2- to mediate Acm and Thz deprotections. [PtBr2(CN)4]2- can oxidatively deprotect two Acm groups or deprotect one Thz group and one Acm group to directly form an intramolecular disulfide bond in peptides. Several disulfide-containing peptides with excellent yields were achieved via the deprotection method in an aqueous medium under aerobic conditions. Kinetic studies indicated that the dominant path of the reaction is of first-order in both [Pt(IV)] and [peptide]; moreover, the deprotection rate increased dramatically with the addition of NaBr. A mechanism including a bromide-bridge-mediated electron transfer process was proposed. Apamin, α-conotoxin SI, and the parallel homodimer of oxytocin, all containing two disulfide bonds, were synthesized regioselectively through a one-pot method by the combined use of the above deprotection approach with oxidants l-methionine selenoxide and [PtBr2(CN)4]2-. All of the reactions were completed within 30 min to afford good yields for these peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongying Ma
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, and MOE Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Sun
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, and MOE Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Shigang Shen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, and MOE Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Hua Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, and MOE Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Wenzhi Xu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, and MOE Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Yafang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, and MOE Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Changying Song
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, and MOE Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Tiesheng Shi
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang 277160, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Shuying Huo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, and MOE Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, P. R. China
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Pekar L, Klewinghaus D, Arras P, Carrara SC, Harwardt J, Krah S, Yanakieva D, Toleikis L, Smider VV, Kolmar H, Zielonka S. Milking the Cow: Cattle-Derived Chimeric Ultralong CDR-H3 Antibodies and Their Engineered CDR-H3-Only Knobbody Counterparts Targeting Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Elicit Potent NK Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity. Front Immunol 2021; 12:742418. [PMID: 34759924 PMCID: PMC8573386 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.742418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we have generated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-specific cattle-derived ultralong CDR-H3 antibodies by combining cattle immunization with yeast surface display. After immunization, ultralong CDR-H3 regions were specifically amplified and grafted onto an IGHV1-7 scaffold by homologous recombination to facilitate Fab display. Antigen-specific clones were readily obtained by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and reformatted as chimeric antibodies. Binning experiments revealed epitope targeting of domains I, II, and IV of EGFR with none of the generated binders competing with Cetuximab, Matuzumab, or EGF for binding to EGFR. Cattle-derived chimeric antibodies were potent in inducing antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells with potencies (EC50 killing) in the picomolar range. Moreover, most of the antibodies were able to significantly inhibit EGFR-mediated downstream signaling. Furthermore, we demonstrate that a minor fraction of CDR-H3 knobs derived from generated antibodies was capable of independently functioning as a paratope facilitating EGFR binding when grafted onto the Fc part of human IgG1. Besides slightly to moderately diminished capacities, these engineered Knobbodies largely retained main properties of their parental antibodies such as cellular binding and triggering of ADCC. Hence, Knobbodies might emerge as promising tools for biotechnological applications upon further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Pekar
- Protein Engineering and Antibody Technologies, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Daniel Klewinghaus
- Protein Engineering and Antibody Technologies, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Paul Arras
- Protein Engineering and Antibody Technologies, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Stefania C. Carrara
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Julia Harwardt
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Simon Krah
- Protein Engineering and Antibody Technologies, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Desislava Yanakieva
- Protein Engineering and Antibody Technologies, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Lars Toleikis
- Protein Engineering and Antibody Technologies, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Vaughn V. Smider
- The Applied Biomedical Science Institute, San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Harald Kolmar
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Stefan Zielonka
- Protein Engineering and Antibody Technologies, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
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