1
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Hao X, Zhang T, Niu M, Han X, Yang H, Zhang Q, Hou Y, Grazioli C, Liu L, Qiao J, Wang Y. Selective Formation of Homochiral Dimers by Intermolecular Charge Transfer on a hBN Nanomesh. ACS Nano 2024; 18:11933-11940. [PMID: 38663413 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a comprehensive characterization was conducted on a chiral starburst molecule (C57H48N4, SBM) using scanning tunneling microscopy. When adsorbed onto the hBN/Rh(111) nanomesh, these molecules demonstrate homochiral recognition, leading to a selective formation of homochiral dimers. Further tip manipulation experiments reveal that the chiral dimers are stable and primarily controlled by strong intermolecular interactions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations supported that the chiral recognition of SBM molecules is governed by the intermolecular charge transfer mechanism, different from the common steric hindrance effect. This study emphasizes the importance of intermolecular charge transfer interactions, offering valuable insights into the chiral recognition of a simple bimolecular system. These findings hold significance for the future advancement in chirality-based electronic sensors and pharmaceuticals, where the chirality of molecules can impact their properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Hao
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics & Yangtze Delta Region Academy, Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics & Yangtze Delta Region Academy, Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Mengmeng Niu
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics & Yangtze Delta Region Academy, Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xu Han
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics & Yangtze Delta Region Academy, Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Huixia Yang
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics & Yangtze Delta Region Academy, Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Quanzhen Zhang
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics & Yangtze Delta Region Academy, Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yanhui Hou
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics & Yangtze Delta Region Academy, Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Cesare Grazioli
- IOM-CNR, Laboratorio TASC, Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Liwei Liu
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics & Yangtze Delta Region Academy, Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jingsi Qiao
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics & Yangtze Delta Region Academy, Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yeliang Wang
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics & Yangtze Delta Region Academy, Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), Beijing 100081, China
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2
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Gammelgaard JJ, Sun Z, Vestergaard AK, Zhao S, Li Z, Lock N, Daasbjerg K, Bagger A, Rossmeisl J, Lauritsen JV. A Monolayer Carbon Nitride on Au(111) with a High Density of Single Co Sites. ACS Nano 2023; 17:17489-17498. [PMID: 37643209 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nitrides that expose atomically dispersed single-atom metals in the form of M-N-C (M = metal) sites are attractive earth-abundant catalyst materials that have been demonstrated in electrocatalytic conversion reactions. The catalytic performance is determined by the abundance of N-doped sites and the type of metal coordination to N, but challenges remain to synthesize pristine carbon nitrides with a high concentration of the most active sites and prepare homogeneously doped materials that allow for in-depth characterization of the M-N-C sites and quantitative evaluation of their catalytic performance. Herein, we have synthesized and characterized a well-defined monolayer carbon nitride phase on a Au(111) surface that exposes an exceedingly high concentration of Co-N4 sites. The crystalline monolayer carbon nitride, whose formation is controlled by an on-surface reaction between Co atoms and melamine on Au(111), is characterized by a dense array of 4- and 6-fold N-terminated pockets, whereof only the 4-fold pocket is found to be holding Co atoms. Through detailed characterization using scanning tunneling microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory modeling, we determine the atomic structure and chemical state of the carbon nitride network. Furthermore, we show that the monolayer carbon nitride structure is stable and reactive toward the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction in alkaline electrolyte, with a quantitative performance metric that significantly exceeds comparable M-N-C-based catalyst types. The work demonstrates that high-density active catalytic sites can be created using common precursor materials, and the formed networks themselves offer an excellent platform for onward studies addressing the characteristics of M-N-C sites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhaozong Sun
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Anders K Vestergaard
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Siqi Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF) CO2 Research Center, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Zheshen Li
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Nina Lock
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF) CO2 Research Center, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Kim Daasbjerg
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF) CO2 Research Center, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Alexander Bagger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jan Rossmeisl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jeppe V Lauritsen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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3
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Maxim FI, Tanasa E, Mitrea B, Diac C, Skála T, Tanase LC, Ianăși C, Ciocanea A, Antohe S, Vasile E, Fagadar-Cosma E, Stamatin SN. Polymeric Carbon Nitrides for Photoelectrochemical Applications: Ring Opening-Induced Degradation. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:1248. [PMID: 37049341 PMCID: PMC10097008 DOI: 10.3390/nano13071248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Active and stable materials that utilize solar radiation for promoting different reactions are critical for emerging technologies. Two of the most common polymeric carbon nitrides were prepared by the thermal polycondensation of melamine. The scope of this work is to investigate possible structural degradation before and after photoelectrochemical testing. The materials were characterized using synchrotron radiation and lab-based techniques, and subsequently degraded photoelectrochemically, followed by post-mortem analysis. Post-mortem investigations reveal: (1) carbon atoms bonded to three nitrogen atoms change into carbon atoms bonded to two nitrogen atoms and (2) the presence of methylene terminals in post-mortem materials. The study concludes that polymeric carbon nitrides are susceptible to photoelectrochemical degradation via ring opening.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eugenia Tanasa
- Department of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material Science, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Mitrea
- 3Nano-SAE Research Centre, University of Bucharest, Atomistilor 405, 077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Cornelia Diac
- 3Nano-SAE Research Centre, University of Bucharest, Atomistilor 405, 077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Tomáš Skála
- Department of Surface and Plasma Science, Charles University, V Holešovičkách 2, 18000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Cătălin Ianăși
- “Coriolan Drăgulescu” Institute of Chemistry, Mihai Viteazul Ave. 24, 300223 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adrian Ciocanea
- Hydraulics and Environmental Engineering Department, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Stefan Antohe
- Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Atomistilor 405, 077125 Magurele, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists (AOSR), Ilfov No 3, 050094 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Eugeniu Vasile
- Department of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material Science, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Eugenia Fagadar-Cosma
- “Coriolan Drăgulescu” Institute of Chemistry, Mihai Viteazul Ave. 24, 300223 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Serban N. Stamatin
- 3Nano-SAE Research Centre, University of Bucharest, Atomistilor 405, 077125 Magurele, Romania
- Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Atomistilor 405, 077125 Magurele, Romania
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Ponzi A, Rosa M, Kladnik G, Unger I, Ciavardini A, Di Nardi L, Viola E, Nicolas C, Došlić N, Goldoni A, Lanzilotto V. Inequivalent Solvation Effects on the N 1s Levels of Self-Associated Melamine Molecules in Aqueous Solution. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:3016-3025. [PMID: 36972466 PMCID: PMC10084451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
This work shows how the N 1s photoemission (PE) spectrum of self-associated melamine molecules in aqueous solution has been successfully rationalized using an integrated computational approach encompassing classical metadynamics simulations and quantum calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). The first approach allowed us to describe interacting melamine molecules in explicit waters and to identify dimeric configurations based on π-π and/or H-bonding interactions. Then, N 1s binding energies (BEs) and PE spectra were computed at the DFT level for all structures both in the gas phase and in an implicit solvent. While pure π-stacked dimers show gas-phase PE spectra almost identical to that of the monomer, those of the H-bonded dimers are sensibly affected by NH···NH or NH···NC interactions. Interestingly, the solvation suppresses all of the non-equivalences due to the H-bonds yielding similar PE spectra for all dimers, matching very well our measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Ponzi
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marta Rosa
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy
| | - Gregor Kladnik
- Department of Physics, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- IOM-CNR, Laboratorio TASC, Basovizza SS-14, Km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Isaak Unger
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Lorys Di Nardi
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Elisa Viola
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | | | - Nađa Došlić
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Andrea Goldoni
- Elettra Synchrotron, Micro & Nano Carbon Laboratory, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Valeria Lanzilotto
- IOM-CNR, Laboratorio TASC, Basovizza SS-14, Km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Elettra Synchrotron, Micro & Nano Carbon Laboratory, 34149 Trieste, Italy
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5
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Lanzilotto V, Toffoli D, Bernes E, Stener M, Viola E, Cossaro A, Costantini R, Grazioli C, Totani R, Fronzoni G. Probing Intermolecular H-Bonding Interactions in Cyanuric Acid Networks: Quenching of the N K-Edge Sigma Resonances. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:6870-6881. [PMID: 36168982 PMCID: PMC9549465 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c04517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The electronic characterization
of the cyanuric acid both in gas
phase and when embedded within an H-bonded scheme forming a monolayer
on the Au(111) surface has been performed by means of X-ray Photoelectron
Spectroscopy (XPS) and Near Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS)
spectroscopy. The experimental spectra at the N, O, and C K-edges have been assigned with the support of DFT calculations,
and the combination between theory and experiment has allowed to us
investigate the effect of the H-bonding intermolecular interaction
on the spectra. In particular, the H-bond formation in the monolayer
leads to a quenching of the N 1s NEXAFS resonances associated with
transitions to the sigma empty orbitals localized on the N–H
portion of the imide group. On the other hand, the π* empty
states remain substantially unperturbed. From a computational point
of view, it has been shown that the DFT-TP scheme is not able to describe
the N 1s NEXAFS spectra of these systems, and the configuration mixing
has to be included, through the TDDFT approach in conjunction with
the range-separated XC CAM-B3LYP functional, to obtain a correct reproduction
of the N 1s core spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Lanzilotto
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza Università di Roma, P. le A. Moro 5, Roma, 00185, Italy.,IOM-CNR, Istituto Officina dei Materiali-CNR, S.S.14, Km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Daniele Toffoli
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.,IOM-CNR, Istituto Officina dei Materiali-CNR, S.S.14, Km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Elisa Bernes
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Mauro Stener
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.,IOM-CNR, Istituto Officina dei Materiali-CNR, S.S.14, Km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Elisa Viola
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza Università di Roma, P. le A. Moro 5, Roma, 00185, Italy
| | - Albano Cossaro
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.,IOM-CNR, Istituto Officina dei Materiali-CNR, S.S.14, Km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Roberto Costantini
- IOM-CNR, Istituto Officina dei Materiali-CNR, S.S.14, Km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Cesare Grazioli
- IOM-CNR, Istituto Officina dei Materiali-CNR, S.S.14, Km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Roberta Totani
- ISM-CNR, Istituto Struttura della Materia-CNR, LD2 Unit, S.S. 14, Km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giovanna Fronzoni
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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Pundi A, Chang CJ. Recent Advances in Synthesis, Modification, Characterization, and Applications of Carbon Dots. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:2153. [PMID: 35683827 DOI: 10.3390/polym14112153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although there is significant progress in the research of carbon dots (CDs), some challenges such as difficulty in large-scale synthesis, complicated purification, low quantum yield, ambiguity in structure-property correlation, electronic structures, and photophysics are still major obstacles that hinder the commercial use of CDs. Recent advances in synthesis, modification, characterization, and applications of CDs are summarized in this review. We illustrate some examples to correlate process parameters, structures, compositions, properties, and performances of CDs-based materials. The advances in the synthesis approach, purification methods, and modification/doping methods for the synthesis of CDs are also presented. Moreover, some examples of the kilogram-scale fabrication of CDs are given. The properties and performance of CDs can be tuned by some synthesis parameters, such as the incubation time and precursor ratio, the laser pulse width, and the average molar mass of the polymeric precursor. Surface passivation also has a significant influence on the particle sizes of CDs. Moreover, some factors affect the properties and performance of CDs, such as the polarity-sensitive fluorescence effect and concentration-dependent multicolor luminescence, together with the size and surface states of CDs. The synchrotron near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) test has been proved to be a useful tool to explore the correlation among structural features, photophysics, and emission performance of CDs. Recent advances of CDs in bioimaging, sensing, therapy, energy, fertilizer, separation, security authentication, food packing, flame retardant, and co-catalyst for environmental remediation applications were reviewed in this article. Furthermore, the roles of CDs, doped CDs, and their composites in these applications were also demonstrated.
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Chen Y, Liu X, Braun S, Fahlman M. Understanding Interface Dipoles at an Electron Transport Material/Electrode Modifier for Organic Electronics. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:47218-47225. [PMID: 34551513 PMCID: PMC8498986 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c13172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Interface dipoles formed at an electrolyte/electrode interface have been widely studied and interpreted using the "double dipole step" model, where the dipole vector is determined by the size and/or range of motion of the charged ions. Some electron transport materials (ETMs) with lone pairs of electrons on heteroatoms exhibit a similar interfacial behavior. However, the origin of the dipoles in such materials has not yet been explored in great depth. Herein, we systematically investigate the influence of the lone pair of electrons on the interface dipole through three pyridine derivatives B2-B4PyMPM. Experiments show that different positions of nitrogen atoms in the three materials give rise to different hydrogen bonds and molecular orientations, thereby affecting the areal density and direction of the lone pair of electrons. The interface dipoles of the three materials predicted by the "double dipole step" model are in good agreement with the ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy results both in spin-coated and vacuum-deposited films. These findings help to better understand the ETMs/electrode interfacial behaviors and provide new guidelines for the molecular design of the interlayer.
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Ugolotti A, Di Valentin C. Ab-Initio Spectroscopic Characterization of Melem-Based Graphitic Carbon Nitride Polymorphs. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:1863. [PMID: 34361249 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric graphitic carbon nitride (gCN) compounds are promising materials in photoactivated electrocatalysis thanks to their peculiar structure of periodically spaced voids exposing reactive pyridinic N atoms. These are excellent sites for the adsorption of isolated transition metal atoms or small clusters that can highly enhance the catalytic properties. However, several polymorphs of gCN can be obtained during synthesis, differing for their structural and electronic properties that ultimately drive their potential as catalysts. The accurate characterization of the obtained material is critical for the correct rationalization of the catalytic results; however, an unambiguous experimental identification of the actual polymer is challenging, especially without any reference spectroscopic features for the assignment. In this work, we optimized several models of melem-based gCN, taking into account different degrees of polymerization and arrangement of the monomers, and we present a thorough computational characterization of their simulated XRD, XPS, and NEXAFS spectroscopic properties, based on state-of-the-art density functional theory calculations. Through this detailed study, we could identify the peculiar fingerprints of each model and correlate them with its structural and/or electronic properties. Theoretical predictions were compared with the experimental data whenever they were available.
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Lanzilotto V, Grazioli C, Stredansky M, Zhang T, Schio L, Goldoni A, Floreano L, Motta A, Cossaro A, Puglia C. Tailoring surface-supported water-melamine complexes by cooperative H-bonding interactions. Nanoscale Adv 2021; 3:2359-2365. [PMID: 36133766 PMCID: PMC9419257 DOI: 10.1039/d0na01034k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The water-splitting photo-catalysis by carbon nitride heterocycles has been the subject of recent theoretical investigations, revealing a proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) reaction from the H-bonded water molecule to the CN-heterocycle. In this context, a detailed characterization of the water-catalyst binding configuration becomes mandatory in order to validate and possibly improve the theoretical modeling. To this aim, we built a well-defined surface-supported water/catalyst interface by adsorbing water under ultra-high vacuum (UHV) conditions on a monolayer of melamine grown on the Cu(111) surface. By combining X-ray photoemission (XPS) and absorption (NEXAFS) spectroscopy we observed that melamine adsorbed onto copper is strongly tilted off the surface, with one amino group dangling to the vacuum side. The binding energy (BE) of the corresponding N 1s component is significantly higher compared to other N 1s contributions and displays a clear shift to lower BE as water is adsorbed. This finding along with density functional theory (DFT) results reveals that two adjacent melamine molecules concurrently work for stabilizing the H-bonded water-catalyst complex: one melamine acting as a H-donor via the amino-N (NH⋯OHH) and another one as a H-acceptor via the triazine-N (C[double bond, length as m-dash]N⋯HOH).
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Lanzilotto
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University P.O. Box 516 751 20 Uppsala Sweden
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome P.le Aldo Moro 8 00185 Roma Italy
- IOM-CNR, Istituto Officina dei Materiali Basovizza SS-14, Km 163.5 34149 Trieste Italy
| | - Cesare Grazioli
- IOM-CNR, Istituto Officina dei Materiali Basovizza SS-14, Km 163.5 34149 Trieste Italy
| | - Matus Stredansky
- IOM-CNR, Istituto Officina dei Materiali Basovizza SS-14, Km 163.5 34149 Trieste Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste Via A. Valerio 2 34127 Trieste Italy
- School of Information and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT) 100081 Beijing China
| | - Teng Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University P.O. Box 516 751 20 Uppsala Sweden
- School of Information and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT) 100081 Beijing China
| | - Luca Schio
- IOM-CNR, Istituto Officina dei Materiali Basovizza SS-14, Km 163.5 34149 Trieste Italy
| | - Andrea Goldoni
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A. Basovizza SS-14, Km 163.5 34149 Trieste Italy
| | - Luca Floreano
- IOM-CNR, Istituto Officina dei Materiali Basovizza SS-14, Km 163.5 34149 Trieste Italy
| | - Alessandro Motta
- Consortium INSTM Via G. Giusti 9 50121 Firenze Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome P.le Aldo Moro 8 00185 Roma Italy
| | - Albano Cossaro
- IOM-CNR, Istituto Officina dei Materiali Basovizza SS-14, Km 163.5 34149 Trieste Italy
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste Via Giorgieri 1 34127 Trieste Italy
| | - Carla Puglia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University P.O. Box 516 751 20 Uppsala Sweden
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Franco-Cañellas A, Duhm S, Gerlach A, Schreiber F. Binding and electronic level alignment of π-conjugated systems on metals. Rep Prog Phys 2020; 83:066501. [PMID: 32101802 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ab7a42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We review the binding and energy level alignment of π-conjugated systems on metals, a field which during the last two decades has seen tremendous progress both in terms of experimental characterization as well as in the depth of theoretical understanding. Precise measurements of vertical adsorption distances and the electronic structure together with ab initio calculations have shown that most of the molecular systems have to be considered as intermediate cases between weak physisorption and strong chemisorption. In this regime, the subtle interplay of different effects such as covalent bonding, charge transfer, electrostatic and van der Waals interactions yields a complex situation with different adsorption mechanisms. In order to establish a better understanding of the binding and the electronic level alignment of π-conjugated molecules on metals, we provide an up-to-date overview of the literature, explain the fundamental concepts as well as the experimental techniques and discuss typical case studies. Thereby, we relate the geometric with the electronic structure in a consistent picture and cover the entire range from weak to strong coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Franco-Cañellas
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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11
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Shi Y, Hu H, Ren H. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) removal from biotreated coking wastewater by chitosan-modified biochar: Adsorption fractions and mechanisms. Bioresour Technol 2020; 297:122281. [PMID: 31812599 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
To effectively remove dissolved organic matter (DOM) from actual biotreated coking wastewater (BTCW), a reusable and low-cost chitosan-biochar (CB) was prepared. From the results, CB (52%) exhibited superior removal efficiency compared to that of biochar (12%) and a faster adsorption rate. Analysis of the DOM fractions, molecular weight distribution, fluorescent components, and molecular compositions indicated that chitosan modification made more kinds of DOM components (e.g., hydrophilic substances) have an affinity with biochar. The material characterization and removal characteristics jointly proved that the adsorption efficiency was promoted by the change in pore size distribution and increase in functional groups that provide bonding sites for DOM via hydrogen bonding, acid-base reactions, and electrostatic interactions. Moreover, compared to traditional adsorbent activated carbon, CB exhibited superior removal efficiency and cost-effectiveness. These results demonstrated that CB is a potential alternative adsorbent for advanced DOM treatment of BTCW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanji Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Haidong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hongqiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Bracalello A, Secchi V, Mastrantonio R, Pepe A, Persichini T, Iucci G, Bochicchio B, Battocchio C. Fibrillar Self-Assembly of a Chimeric Elastin-Resilin Inspired Engineered Polypeptide. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2019; 9:E1613. [PMID: 31739482 PMCID: PMC6915571 DOI: 10.3390/nano9111613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In the field of tissue engineering, recombinant protein-based biomaterials made up of block polypeptides with tunable properties arising from the functionalities of the individual domains are appealing candidates for the construction of medical devices. In this work, we focused our attention on the preparation and structural characterization of nanofibers from a chimeric-polypeptide-containing resilin and elastin domain, designed on purpose to enhance its cell-binding ability by introducing a specific fibronectin-derived Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence. The polypeptide ability to self-assemble was investigated. The molecular and supramolecular structure was characterized by Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), circular dichroism, state-of-the-art synchrotron radiation-induced techniques X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (NEXAFS). The attained complementary results allow us to assess as H-bonds influence the morphology of the aggregates obtained after the self-assembling of the chimeric polypeptide. Finally, a preliminary investigation of the potential cytotoxicity of the polypeptide was performed by culturing human fetal foreskin fibroblast (HFFF2) for its use as biomedical device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Bracalello
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (A.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Valeria Secchi
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale, 79, 00146 Rome, Italy; (R.M.); (T.P.); (G.I.)
| | - Roberta Mastrantonio
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale, 79, 00146 Rome, Italy; (R.M.); (T.P.); (G.I.)
| | - Antonietta Pepe
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (A.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Tiziana Persichini
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale, 79, 00146 Rome, Italy; (R.M.); (T.P.); (G.I.)
| | - Giovanna Iucci
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale, 79, 00146 Rome, Italy; (R.M.); (T.P.); (G.I.)
| | - Brigida Bochicchio
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (A.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Chiara Battocchio
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale, 79, 00146 Rome, Italy; (R.M.); (T.P.); (G.I.)
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