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Li X, Liu Z, Li C, Gao R, Qi Y, Ren Y. Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Carbazole-Functionalized Diazaphosphepines via Sequent P-N Chemistry. J Org Chem 2023; 88:13678-13685. [PMID: 37691267 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Chemical structure tunability of organic π-conjugated molecules (OCMs) is highly appealing for fine-tuning the optoelectronic properties. Herein, we report a new series of carbazole-functionalized diazaphosphepines (DPP-CBZs) via one-pot phosphorus-nitrogen (P-N) chemistry. The one-pot synthesis harnessed the mild and selective P-N chemistry that successively installed carbazole moieties and seven-membered heterocycles at one P-center. Single-crystal structure studies revealed the tweezer-like structures for 1PO, 2PO, and 3PO that maintained the intramolecular donor-acceptor interactions between [d]-aryl moieties and carbazole. DPP-CBZs exhibited a more twisted central-diazaphosphepine ring compared with the reference molecules (1-3MO without carbazole group). DPP-CBZs with strong electron-accepting [d]-Ars generally showed lower photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) than those of the reference molecules, which is probably due to the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) from electron-donating carbazole to electron-withdrawing [d]-Ars. Upon the oxidation of the P-centers, PLQYs of DPP-CBZs increased. Furthermore, photophysical studies and theoretical studies suggested that the carbazole group had a strong impact on the structures of DPP-CBZs. As a proof of concept, we showed that grinding the mixture of 1PO as the electron-donating tweezer and benzene-1,2,4,5-tetracarbonitrile (BzCN) as the electron acceptor induced the formation of the CT complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Zhaoxin Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Can Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Rong Gao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yanpeng Qi
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-resolution Electron Microscop, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yi Ren
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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Yang Z, Li X, Yang K, Yu N, Gao R, Ren Y. Synthesis and Unexpected Optical Properties of Ionic Phosphorus Heterocycles with P-Regulated Noncovalent Interactions. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 36786509 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Optoelectronic properties of organic chromophores (OCPs) are to a large extent dictated by the chemical structures. Herein, we synthesized a new series of ionic phosphorus(P)-heteropines via the methylation of the P(III) center. Our studies revealed that methylation is highly dependent on the P(III) environments (NPN, NPC, and CPC), in which adjacent nitrogen atoms greatly withdraw electron density of the P(III) center. The observation of noncovalent interactions between solvent molecules and the molecular backbones of the related P-heterocycle in the single crystal structure implied tunable molecular conformations. Different from the red-shifted absorption and emission spectra of ionic P-OCPs induced by either decreased lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) or intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) state in previous studies, current ionic P-heterocycles exhibit blue-shifted absorption and emission spectra compared to the nonionic counterparts. Our experimental and theoretical studies suggest that the unexpected photophysical characters are probably due to the counter-anion induced structure twisting via intermolecular noncovalent interactions between NH-indole and O(OTf), and/or strong intermolecular O···F bonding between O(MI) and F(OTf). Our studies also revealed that the P-environments (NPN, NPC, and CPC) conjunctly impact the photophysical properties of the ionic P-heteropines. Overall, the fact that the P-environment-regulated noncovalent interactions induce the rich structure dynamics and photophysics offers us with a new and effective strategy to fine-tune the optical properties of OCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Yang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Kai Yang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Na Yu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Rong Gao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yi Ren
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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Jin T, Bolte M, Lerner H, Mewes J, Wagner M. Charge-Transfer Transitions Govern the Reactivity and Photophysics of Vicinally Diphosphanyl-Substituted Diborapentacenes. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202234. [PMID: 36094675 PMCID: PMC9826252 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
2,3-Difluoro-5,14-dihydro-5,14-diborapentacene (DBP) was endowed with two vicinal Ph2 P groups by an SN Ar reaction at both CF sites using Ph2 PSiMe3 . Computations reveal the ambipolar product P to undergo P-to-B charge transfer under ambient light irradiation. Consequently, P is prone to photooxidation by air, yielding the Ph2 P(O) species PO. With S8 or [Me3 O][BF4 ], P furnishes the Ph2 P(S) or Ph2 P(Me)+ derivatives PS or [PMe][BF4 ]2 . Along the series P, PO, PS, and [PMe][BF4 ]2 , the redox potentials shift anodically from E1/2 =-1.89 V to -1.02 V (CH2 Cl2 ). Thus, derivatization of the Ph2 P group allows late-stage modulation of the LUMO-energy level of the DBP. Derivatization also influences the emission properties of the compounds, as PO shows green (521 nm) and [PMe][BF4 ]2 red (622 nm) fluorescence in C6 H6 , while P and PS are dark. With CuBr and AgBr, P forms dimeric [M(μ-Br)]2 complexes [PCu]2 and [PAg]2 , which show pronounced metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT), making P a promising ligand for photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jin
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieGoethe-Universität FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Strasse 760438Frankfurt (Main)Germany
| | - Michael Bolte
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieGoethe-Universität FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Strasse 760438Frankfurt (Main)Germany
| | - Hans‐Wolfram Lerner
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieGoethe-Universität FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Strasse 760438Frankfurt (Main)Germany
| | - Jan‐Michael Mewes
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische ChemieUniversität BonnBeringstraße 453115BonnGermany
| | - Matthias Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieGoethe-Universität FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Strasse 760438Frankfurt (Main)Germany
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Hindenberg P, Belyaev A, Rominger F, Koshevoy IO, Romero-Nieto C. Two-Fold Intramolecular Phosphacyclization: From Fluorescent Diphosphapyrene Salts to Pentavalent Derivatives. Org Lett 2022; 24:6391-6396. [PMID: 36040429 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of π-extended pyrene-based luminescent compounds containing two six-membered phosphacycles has been realized through a two-step synthesis. It involves a Cu(II)-mediated double cyclization of tertiary diphosphane derivatives to afford dicationic molecules with quaternized phosphorus centers. Subsequent transformation of diphosphonium species into the corresponding P-oxide derivatives has been successfully achieved through Pd(0)-assisted cleavage of the P-Ph bonds, which opens a promising way for the functionalization of polyaromatic P-systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Hindenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrey Belyaev
- Department of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, 80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Igor O Koshevoy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, 80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Carlos Romero-Nieto
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Calle Almansa 14 - Edif. Bioincubadora, 02008 Albacete, Spain
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Yang Z, Li X, Yang K, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Yu N, Baumgartner T, Ren Y. Tailored Solvatochromic NIR Phosphorus-Chromophores via Selective P-N and P-C Chemistry in P-Heteropines. Org Lett 2022; 24:2045-2049. [PMID: 35244405 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report selective P-C and P-N chemistry as a new synthetic tool for constructing phosphorus (P)-chromophores with rich chemical structures. Our studies reveal that isomeric structures significantly influence the chemical structure and electronic communication of P-heteropines, which results in efficient tunability of the photophysical properties. In particular, isomeric P-chromophores with a protic N-H (indole) are also capable of participating in intramolecular H bonding, offering a new strategy to access a near-infrared chromophore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Yang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Kai Yang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Zhikai Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yankun Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Na Yu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Thomas Baumgartner
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Yi Ren
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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Biagiotti G, Perini I, Richichi B, Cicchi S. Novel Synthetic Approach to Heteroatom Doped Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Optimizing the Bottom-Up Approach to Atomically Precise Doped Nanographenes. Molecules 2021; 26:6306. [PMID: 34684887 PMCID: PMC8537472 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The success of the rational bottom-up approach to nanostructured carbon materials and the discovery of the importance of their doping with heteroatoms puts under the spotlight all synthetic organic approaches to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The construction of atomically precise heteroatom doped nanographenes has evidenced the importance of controlling its geometry and the position of the doping heteroatoms, since these parameters influence their chemical-physical properties and their applications. The growing interest towards this research topic is testified by the large number of works published in this area, which have transformed a once "fundamental research" into applied research at the cutting edge of technology. This review analyzes the most recent synthetic approaches to this class of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Biagiotti
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, Università di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (G.B.); (I.P.)
| | - Ilaria Perini
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, Università di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (G.B.); (I.P.)
| | - Barbara Richichi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, Università di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (G.B.); (I.P.)
- National Interuniversity Consortium for Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via G. Giusti, 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Stefano Cicchi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, Università di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (G.B.); (I.P.)
- National Interuniversity Consortium for Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via G. Giusti, 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
- Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds, ICCOM-CNR, Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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Ascherl JDR, Neiß C, Vogel A, Graf J, Rominger F, Oeser T, Hampel F, Görling A, Kivala M. Phosphorus-Containing Dibenzonaphthanthrenes: Electronic Fine Tuning of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons through Organophosphorus Chemistry. Chemistry 2020; 26:13157-13162. [PMID: 32558004 PMCID: PMC7693108 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A concise synthetic route towards a new family of phosphorus-containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons starting from the versatile acridophosphine has been established. The structural and optoelectronic properties of these compounds were efficiently modulated through derivatization of the phosphorus center. X-ray crystallographic analysis, UV/Vis spectroscopic, and electrochemical studies supported by DFT calculations identified the considerable potential of these scaffolds for the development of organophosphorus functional materials with tailored properties upon further functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes D. R. Ascherl
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
- Centre for Advanced MaterialsRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 22569120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Christian Neiß
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyChair of Theoretical ChemistryFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstrasse 391058ErlangenGermany
| | - Alexander Vogel
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
- Centre for Advanced MaterialsRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 22569120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Jürgen Graf
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Thomas Oeser
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Frank Hampel
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyChair of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Erlangen-NürnbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 1091058ErlangenGermany
| | - Andreas Görling
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyChair of Theoretical ChemistryFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstrasse 391058ErlangenGermany
| | - Milan Kivala
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
- Centre for Advanced MaterialsRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 22569120HeidelbergGermany
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