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Minoura A, Ihara Y, Kato H, Murakami K, Watanabe Y, Hirano K, Ito Y, Kokaze A. Relationships between Lip Seal Strength, Tongue Pressure, and Daytime Sleepiness in Japanese Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study. Clin Pract 2023; 13:753-762. [PMID: 37489417 PMCID: PMC10366721 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract13040068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the relationships between lip seal strength, tongue pressure, and daytime sleepiness in Japanese workers. A self-administered questionnaire which comprised the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) was completed by 496 workers, and excessive daytime sleepiness was defined by an ESS score of 11 or over. Lip seal strength and tongue pressure were measured in all participants, and multiple regression analyses were performed to examine the effects of lip seal strength and tongue pressure on daytime sleepiness. The median ESS score was 5.0 (25th and 75th percentiles: 2.0 and 8.0), and 42 (8.5%) workers had excessive daytime sleepiness. The median lip seal strength was 13.5 N (11.4, 16.3), and the tongue pressure was 41.7 kPa (35.2, 48.3). Workers with higher ESS scores had significantly lower levels of lip seal strength than those without, following adjustments for age and body mass index (BMI) values (β (95% confidence interval): -0.043 [-0.081, -0.004]). However, tongue pressure was not significantly associated with ESS score after adjustments for age and/or BMI. These results suggest that maintaining moderate lip seal strength may help prevent excessive daytime sleepiness in Japanese workers regardless of age or BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Minoura
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Ihara
- Division of Oral Functional Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Special Needs Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 2-1-1 Kitasenzoku, Ohta-ku, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Kato
- Division of Oral Functional Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Special Needs Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 2-1-1 Kitasenzoku, Ohta-ku, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan
| | - Kouzou Murakami
- Department of Radiology, Division of Radiation Oncology, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshio Watanabe
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Kojiro Hirano
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Ito
- Department of Radiology, Division of Radiation Oncology, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Akatsuki Kokaze
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
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Martínez-Arnau FM, Núñez-Cortés R, Valderrama-Mejía JM, Cruz-Montecinos C, Carrasco JJ, Cortés-Amador S. Reduced lip seal strength and missing teeth are associated with poorer masticatory performance in young adults with intellectual disabilities: a cross-sectional analytical study. J Intellect Disabil Res 2023; 67:630-639. [PMID: 37042218 DOI: 10.1111/jir.13032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in oral health have a negative impact on the quality of life of persons with intellectual disabilities (PwIDs). Chewing is a process that influences and determines optimal oral health. However, little is known about how intellectual disability (ID) affects masticatory performance. This study aimed to analyse the differences in masticatory performance between young adults with IDs, young adults without IDs and older adults without IDs. METHODS A cross-sectional analytical design was used. The masticatory performance was evaluated with a chewing gum validated instrument. In addition, the labial and tongue strength was assessed with the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument. We compared the masticatory performance between groups using one-way analysis of covariance. Body mass index, muscle mass, missing teeth, lip strength and tongue strength were included as separate covariates. A multivariate regression analysis was performed to identify which independent variables could explain masticatory performance in each group. RESULTS Thirty-two PwIDs, 31 young adults without IDs and 32 older adults without IDs were recruited. PwIDs showed poorer masticatory performance compared with older adults (mean difference: -3.06, 95% confidence interval: -3.87 to -2.26) and healthy controls (mean difference: -2.38, 95% confidence interval: -3.19 to -1.57). The analysis of covariance showed significant difference between groups in the masticatory performance (F = 47.35, P < 0.001, ηp 2 = 0.507). Missing teeth (P < 0.001), right lip strength (P = 0.025) and tongue strength (P = 0.007) as covariables showed a significant interaction with the model. In the PwID group, lip strength and lack of teeth explained 58% of the variance in masticatory performance (R2 = 0.580, standard error = 1.12, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Persons with intellectual disabilities have a poorer masticatory performance than adults without IDs. Our findings indicate that the primary determinants of optimal masticatory function in PwIDs are the strength of the lip seal and the number of missing teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Martínez-Arnau
- Frailty and Cognitive Impairment Research Group (FROG), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Physiotherapy in Motion Multispeciality Research Group (PTinMOTION), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - R Núñez-Cortés
- Physiotherapy in Motion Multispeciality Research Group (PTinMOTION), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - C Cruz-Montecinos
- Physiotherapy in Motion Multispeciality Research Group (PTinMOTION), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Laboratory of Clinical Biomechanics, Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - J J Carrasco
- Physiotherapy in Motion Multispeciality Research Group (PTinMOTION), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - S Cortés-Amador
- Physiotherapy in Motion Multispeciality Research Group (PTinMOTION), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Lancheros M, Friedrichs D, Laganaro M. What Do Differences between Alternating and Sequential Diadochokinetic Tasks Tell Us about the Development of Oromotor Skills? An Insight from Childhood to Adulthood. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13040655. [PMID: 37190620 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13040655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral diadochokinetic (DDK) tasks are common research and clinical tools used to test oromotor skills across different age groups. They include alternating motion rate (AMR) and sequential motion rate (SMR) tasks. AMR tasks involve repeating a single syllable, whereas SMR tasks involve repeating varying syllables. DDK performance is mostly discussed regarding the increasing rates of AMR and SMR tasks from childhood to adulthood, although less attention is given to the performance differences between SMR and AMR tasks across age groups. Here, AMR and SMR syllabic rates were contrasted in three populations: 7-9-year-old children, 14-16-year-old adolescents and 20-30-year-old adults. The results revealed similar syllabic rates for the two DDK tasks in children, whereas adolescents and adults achieved faster SMR rates. Acoustic analyses showed similarities in prosodic features between AMR and SMR sequences and in anticipatory coarticulation in the SMR sequences in all age groups. However, a lower degree of coarticulation was observed in children relative to adults. Adolescents, on the contrary, showed an adult-like pattern. These findings suggest that SMR tasks may be more sensitive to age-related changes in oromotor skills than AMR tasks and that greater gestural overlap across varying syllables may be a factor in achieving higher rates in SMR tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Lancheros
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Science, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Friedrichs
- Department of Computational Linguistics, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marina Laganaro
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Science, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
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Minoura A, Ihara Y, Kato H, Murakami K, Watanabe Y, Hirano K, Ito Y, Kokaze A. Lip Seal Strength and Tongue Pressure among Japanese Male Workers: Comparison of Different Age Groups. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:2862. [PMID: 36833558 PMCID: PMC9957075 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Lip seal strength and tongue pressure are related to sarcopenia in older adults and are directly linked to the quality of life of workers after retirement. This study examined lip seal strength and tongue pressure among Japanese male workers by age. A self-administered questionnaire survey including alcohol consumption and smoking was conducted on 454 male workers. Height, weight, lip seal strength, and tongue pressure were also measured and then stratified by age (20s, 30s, 40s, 50s, and 60s and over). The mean (25th, 75th percentiles) lip seal strength and tongue pressure for all workers were 13.7 N (11.6, 16.4) and 41.7 kPa (35.2, 48.2), respectively. Both lip seal strength and tongue pressure were lowest in the 20s, at 12.1 N (9.6, 14.0) and 40.6 kPa (33.4, 47.6), respectively. The multiple regression analysis adjusted for smoking showed a significant positive association between lip seal strength and BMI for the 20s, 50s, and 60s and over, and a significant positive association between tongue pressure and BMI for the 30s, 40s, 50s, and 60s and over. To maintain oral health in older adults, it may be useful to measure workers' lip seal strength and tongue pressure and intervene at an earlier stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Minoura
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Ihara
- Division of Oral Functional Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Special Needs Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Kato
- Division of Oral Functional Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Special Needs Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan
| | - Kouzou Murakami
- Department of Radiology, Division of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshio Watanabe
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Kojiro Hirano
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Ito
- Department of Radiology, Division of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Akatsuki Kokaze
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
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Kugimiya Y, Oki T, Ohta M, Ryu M, Kobayashi K, Sakurai K, Ueda T. Distribution of lip-seal strength and its relation to oral motor functions. Clin Exp Dent Res 2021; 7:1122-1130. [PMID: 33963687 PMCID: PMC8638310 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Lip‐seal strength, which represents the muscle strength of the lips, appears to chiefly contribute to mastication and pronunciation. However, the functional characteristics of lip‐seal strength in adults are still undefined. The present study aimed to understand not only the distribution of lip‐seal strength in adult men and women but also the effect of age on this strength and identify oral motor functions correlated with lip‐seal strength. Materials and methods The subjects included 339 participants (men: 170, age 39.2 ± 18.2 years; women: 169, age 43.1 ± 19.7 years). Oral motor function was evaluated for lip‐seal strength, oral diadochokinesis (ODK), tongue pressure, occlusal force, and masticatory performance. Statistical analyses included the Shapiro–Wilk, Mann–Whitney U, and Jonckheere–Terpstra tests, in addition to the Spearman's correlation analysis and curvilinear regression analysis. Results Lip‐seal strength did not have a normal distribution (p < 0.001). The mean ± standard deviation and median (first quartile, third quartile) of lip‐seal strength were 11.2 ± 3.4 and 10.9 (8.7, 13.2)N for the whole sample, 12.3 ± 3.4 and 11.9 (9.4, 14.4)N for men, and 10.2 ± 3.0 and 9.9 (8.0, 12.0)N for women. A significant difference was observed in lip‐seal strength between men and women (p < 0.001). Oral motor functions showed a marked correlation with lip‐seal strength, including tongue pressure, occlusal force, and masticatory performance and ODK (/pa/ and /ta/), tongue pressure, and masticatory ability in men and women, respectively. In women, lip‐seal strength declined with increase in age. Conclusions Lip‐seal strength was non‐normally distributed in both men and women, and lip‐seal strength was affected by age only in women. Lip‐seal strength and multiple oral motor functions were significantly correlated. Because the indicators of perioral muscle strength and performance were correlated with lip‐seal strength, lip‐seal strength may also partially reflect the condition of the perioral muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Kugimiya
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Oki
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Midori Ohta
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ryu
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Kobayashi
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaoru Sakurai
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ueda
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
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