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Raucci F, Vernieri C, Di Tano M, Ligorio F, Blaževitš O, Lazzeri S, Shmahala A, Fragale G, Salvadori G, Varano G, Casola S, Buono R, Visco E, de Braud F, Longo VD. Cyclic Fasting-Mimicking Diet Plus Bortezomib and Rituximab Is an Effective Treatment for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Cancer Res 2024; 84:1133-1148. [PMID: 38241703 PMCID: PMC10982641 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Cyclic fasting-mimicking diet (FMD) is an experimental nutritional intervention with potent antitumor activity in preclinical models of solid malignancies. FMD cycles are also safe and active metabolically and immunologically in cancer patients. Here, we reported on the outcome of FMD cycles in two patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and investigated the effects of fasting and FMD cycles in preclinical CLL models. Fasting-mimicking conditions in murine CLL models had mild cytotoxic effects, which resulted in apoptosis activation mediated in part by lowered insulin and IGF1 concentrations. In CLL cells, fasting conditions promoted an increase in proteasome activity that served as a starvation escape pathway. Pharmacologic inhibition of this escape mechanism with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib resulted in a strong enhancement of the proapoptotic effects of starvation conditions in vitro. In mouse CLL models, combining cyclic fasting/FMD with bortezomib and rituximab, an anti-CD20 antibody, delayed CLL progression and resulted in significant prolongation of mouse survival. Overall, the effect of proteasome inhibition in combination with FMD cycles in promoting CLL death supports the targeting of starvation escape pathways as an effective treatment strategy that should be tested in clinical trials. SIGNIFICANCE Chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells resist fasting-mimicking diet by inducing proteasome activation to escape starvation, which can be targeted using proteasome inhibition by bortezomib treatment to impede leukemia progression and prolong survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franca Raucci
- IFOM ETS, the AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Vernieri
- IFOM ETS, the AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Maira Di Tano
- IFOM ETS, the AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Department of Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York
| | - Francesca Ligorio
- IFOM ETS, the AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Olga Blaževitš
- IFOM ETS, the AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Samuel Lazzeri
- IFOM ETS, the AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Fragale
- IFOM ETS, the AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Salvadori
- IFOM ETS, the AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Varano
- IFOM ETS, the AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Casola
- IFOM ETS, the AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Buono
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
- Longevity Institute, Davis School of Gerontology and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Euplio Visco
- IFOM ETS, the AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo de Braud
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Valter D. Longo
- IFOM ETS, the AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Longevity Institute, Davis School of Gerontology and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
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Lalioti A, Verzeletti L, Tiberio P, Gerosa R, Gaudio M, Saltalamacchia G, Pastore M, Zambelli A, Santoro A, De Sanctis R. Common Misconceptions about Diet and Breast Cancer: An Unclear Issue to Dispel. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:306. [PMID: 38254795 PMCID: PMC10814151 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) constitutes a prevalent health condition among women. Recent years have witnessed the identification of dietary proto-oncogenic factors that deserve attention. Besides the well-known role of alcohol and red and processed meat in BC development, the impact of other dietary components remains unclear. Our narrative review aims to explore the diet-BC relationship, focusing on sugar, dairy, and soy consumption. We conducted a PubMed literature search covering the last decade (2013-2023) and included 35 papers. We found limited evidence on the association between high sugar intake and BC incidence. On the other hand, dairy and soy consumption displayed a protective effect in the majority of the analyzed papers. However, a significant degree of heterogeneity was reported among the results. Menopausal status and the specific BC molecular subtypes were the main factors influencing the interpretation of the results. Exploring dietary factors and BC revealed inconsistencies: high glycemic index post-menopause may be a risk factor, while sugar-sweetened drinks and artificial sweeteners yielded conflicting results; fermented dairy showed potential benefits, non-fermented dairy presented inconsistent findings; soy impact on BC varied according to molecular subtype, with some studies suggesting a positive association in luminal-like BC. Hence, further investigation is crucial to obtain a uniform consensus on the diet-BC relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Lalioti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy; (A.L.); (L.V.); (R.G.); (M.G.); (A.Z.); (A.S.); (R.D.S.)
| | - Laura Verzeletti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy; (A.L.); (L.V.); (R.G.); (M.G.); (A.Z.); (A.S.); (R.D.S.)
| | - Paola Tiberio
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (G.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Riccardo Gerosa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy; (A.L.); (L.V.); (R.G.); (M.G.); (A.Z.); (A.S.); (R.D.S.)
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (G.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Mariangela Gaudio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy; (A.L.); (L.V.); (R.G.); (M.G.); (A.Z.); (A.S.); (R.D.S.)
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (G.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Giuseppe Saltalamacchia
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (G.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Manuela Pastore
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (G.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Alberto Zambelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy; (A.L.); (L.V.); (R.G.); (M.G.); (A.Z.); (A.S.); (R.D.S.)
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (G.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Armando Santoro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy; (A.L.); (L.V.); (R.G.); (M.G.); (A.Z.); (A.S.); (R.D.S.)
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (G.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Rita De Sanctis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy; (A.L.); (L.V.); (R.G.); (M.G.); (A.Z.); (A.S.); (R.D.S.)
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (G.S.); (M.P.)
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