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Stringer F, Sims NA, Sachithanandan N, Aleksova J. Severe Osteoporosis With Pathogenic LRP5 Variant. JCEM Case Rep 2024; 2:luae021. [PMID: 38404691 PMCID: PMC10888517 DOI: 10.1210/jcemcr/luae021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
A 24-year-old female patient was diagnosed with osteoporosis after presenting with numerous fractures throughout her childhood and adolescence. Risk factors included chronic constipation, severe vitamin D deficiency, and long-term high-dose steroid use for severe eczema. Metabolic bone disorder clinical exome screening (limited panel of metabolic bone disorders and gastrointestinal disorders) was undertaken and revealed a class 4 likely pathogenic variant in the LRP5 gene known to cause osteoporosis. Optimal treatment for patients with this variant is not well defined. A literature review of the condition and potential treatment options is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicity Stringer
- Department of Endocrinology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Melbourne, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Natalie A Sims
- St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Melbourne, VIC 3065, Australia
- Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Nirupa Sachithanandan
- Department of Endocrinology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Melbourne, VIC 3065, Australia
- Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Jasna Aleksova
- Department of Endocrinology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Melbourne, VIC 3065, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
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Chen F, Lei L, Chen S, Zhao Z, Huang Y, Jiang G, Guo X, Li Z, Zheng Z, Wang J. Serglycin secreted by late-stage nucleus pulposus cells is a biomarker of intervertebral disc degeneration. Nat Commun 2024; 15:47. [PMID: 38167807 PMCID: PMC10761730 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44313-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration is a natural process during aging and a leading cause of lower back pain. Here, we generate a comprehensive atlas of nucleus pulposus cells using single-cell RNA-seq analysis of human nucleus pulposus tissues (three males and four females, age 41.14 ± 18.01 years). We identify fibrotic late-stage nucleus pulposus cells characterized by upregulation of serglycin expression which facilitate the local inflammatory response by promoting the infiltration of inflammatory cytokines and macrophages. Finally, we discover that daphnetin, a potential serglycin ligand, substantially mitigates the local inflammatory response by downregulating serglycin expression in an in vivo mouse model, thus alleviating intervertebral disc degeneration. Taken together, we identify late-stage nucleus pulposus cells and confirm the potential mechanism by which serglycin regulates intervertebral disc degeneration. Our findings indicate that serglycin is a latent biomarker of intervertebral disc degeneration and may contribute to development of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Linchuan Lei
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shunlun Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
| | - Zhuoyang Zhao
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuming Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
| | - Guowei Jiang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xingyu Guo
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
| | - Zemin Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
| | - Zhaomin Zheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China.
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China.
| | - Jianru Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China.
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China.
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Gerov V, Gerova D, Micheva I, Nikolova M, Mihaylova G, Galunska B. Dynamics of Bone Disease Biomarkers Dickkopf-1 and Sclerostin in Patients with Multiple Myeloma. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4440. [PMID: 37445475 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) and sclerostin are essential Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitors, playing an important role in multiple myeloma bone disease (MBD). We aimed to examine the serum DKK-1 and sclerostin variations in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients at diagnosis and in the course of therapy, including autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). This study included 41 NDMM-patients and 33 controls. MBD was assessed by whole-body low-dose computed tomography. DKK-1 and sclerostin were assayed by commercial ELISA kits. At diagnosis, NDMM-patients revealed significantly higher DKK-1 and sclerostin values (p < 0.0001), showing dependence on disease stage (lowest in ISS-I and highest in ISS-III: p < 0.0012 and p < 0.025, respectively, for both proteins). Bone lesions revealed significant positive correlation with both DKK-1 (p < 0.05) and sclerostin (p < 0.0001). In the course of therapy, significant reduction, more prominent after ASCT, was observed for both parameters in each treatment point compared to the baseline (p < 0.0001). Markedly lower sclerostin (p < 0.01) and DKK-1 (p < 0.05) values were observed in patients with complete and very good partial response compared to those with partial response, stable, or progressive disease. Sclerostin and DKK-1 in NDMM patients reflect the MBD severity and the effect of therapy. Both proteins could represent a novel tool for better disease monitoring and effectiveness of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Gerov
- Clinic of Hematology, "St. Marina" University Hospital, 9010 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Daniela Gerova
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University-Varna, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Ilina Micheva
- Clinic of Hematology, "St. Marina" University Hospital, 9010 Varna, Bulgaria
- Second Department of Internal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University-Varna, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Miglena Nikolova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Galya Mihaylova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Bistra Galunska
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
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Anloague A, Delgado-Calle J. Osteocytes: New Kids on the Block for Cancer in Bone Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2645. [PMID: 37174109 PMCID: PMC10177382 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment plays a central role in the onset and progression of cancer in the bone. Cancer cells, either from tumors originating in the bone or from metastatic cancer cells from other body systems, are located in specialized niches where they interact with different cells of the bone marrow. These interactions transform the bone into an ideal niche for cancer cell migration, proliferation, and survival and cause an imbalance in bone homeostasis that severely affects the integrity of the skeleton. During the last decade, preclinical studies have identified new cellular mechanisms responsible for the dependency between cancer cells and bone cells. In this review, we focus on osteocytes, long-lived cells residing in the mineral matrix that have recently been identified as key players in the spread of cancer in bone. We highlight the most recent discoveries on how osteocytes support tumor growth and promote bone disease. Additionally, we discuss how the reciprocal crosstalk between osteocytes and cancer cells provides the opportunity to develop new therapeutic strategies to treat cancer in the bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aric Anloague
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
| | - Jesus Delgado-Calle
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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