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Boyles RE, Pfeiffer BK, Cooper EA, Rauh BL, Zielinski KJ, Myers MT, Brenton Z, Rooney WL, Kresovich S. Genetic dissection of sorghum grain quality traits using diverse and segregating populations. Theor Appl Genet 2017; 130:697-716. [PMID: 28028582 PMCID: PMC5360839 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-016-2844-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Coordinated association and linkage mapping identified 25 grain quality QTLs in multiple environments, and fine mapping of the Wx locus supports the use of high-density genetic markers in linkage mapping. There is a wide range of end-use products made from cereal grains, and these products often demand different grain characteristics. Fortunately, cereal crop species including sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] contain high phenotypic variation for traits influencing grain quality. Identifying genetic variants underlying this phenotypic variation allows plant breeders to develop genotypes with grain attributes optimized for their intended usage. Multiple sorghum mapping populations were rigorously phenotyped across two environments (SC Coastal Plain and Central TX) in 2 years for five major grain quality traits: amylose, starch, crude protein, crude fat, and gross energy. Coordinated association and linkage mapping revealed several robust QTLs that make prime targets to improve grain quality for food, feed, and fuel products. Although the amylose QTL interval spanned many megabases, the marker with greatest significance was located just 12 kb from waxy (Wx), the primary gene regulating amylose production in cereal grains. This suggests higher resolution mapping in recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations can be obtained when genotyped at a high marker density. The major QTL for crude fat content, identified in both a RIL population and grain sorghum diversity panel, encompassed the DGAT1 locus, a critical gene involved in maize lipid biosynthesis. Another QTL on chromosome 1 was consistently mapped in both RIL populations for multiple grain quality traits including starch, crude protein, and gross energy. Collectively, these genetic regions offer excellent opportunities to manipulate grain composition and set up future studies for gene validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard E Boyles
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA.
- Advanced Plant Technology Program, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA.
| | - Brian K Pfeiffer
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, 2474 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Cooper
- Advanced Plant Technology Program, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Bradley L Rauh
- Advanced Plant Technology Program, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Kelsey J Zielinski
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Matthew T Myers
- Advanced Plant Technology Program, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Zachary Brenton
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - William L Rooney
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, 2474 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Stephen Kresovich
- Advanced Plant Technology Program, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
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Truong HH, Khoddami A, Moss AF, Liu SY, Selle PH. The potential of rapid visco-analysis starch pasting profiles to gauge the quality of sorghum as a feed grain for chicken-meat production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 3:11-18. [PMID: 29767118 PMCID: PMC5941063 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Thirteen extensively characterised grain sorghum varieties were evaluated in a series of 7 broiler bioassays. The efficiency of energy utilisation of broiler chickens offered sorghum-based diets is problematic and the bulk of dietary energy is derived from sorghum starch. For this reason, rapid visco-analysis (RVA) starch pasting profiles were determined as they may have the potential to assess the quality of sorghum as a feed grain for chicken-meat production. In review, it was found that concentrations of kafirin and total phenolic compounds were negatively correlated with peak and holding RVA viscosities to significant extents across 13 sorghums. In a meta-analysis of 5 broiler bioassays it was found that peak, holding, breakdown and final RVA viscosities were positively correlated with ME:GE ratios and peak and breakdown RVA viscosities with apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen (AMEn) to significant extents. In a sixth study involving 10 sorghum-based diets peak, holding and breakdown RVA viscosities were positively correlated with ME:GE ratios and AMEn. Therefore, it emerged that RVA starch pasting profiles do hold promise as a relatively rapid means to assess sorghum quality as a feed grain for chicken-meat production. This potential appears to be linked to quantities of kafirin and total phenolic compounds present in sorghum and it would seem that both factors depress RVA starch viscosities in vitro and, in turn, also depress energy utilisation in birds offered sorghum-based diets. Given that other feed grains do not contain kafirin and possess considerably lower concentrations of phenolic compounds, their RVA starch pasting profiles may not be equally indicative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha H Truong
- Poultry Research Foundation, Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2570, Australia.,Australian Poultry CRC, University of New England, Armidale 2351, Australia
| | - Ali Khoddami
- Department of Plant and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Amy F Moss
- Poultry Research Foundation, Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2570, Australia
| | - Sonia Y Liu
- Poultry Research Foundation, Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2570, Australia
| | - Peter H Selle
- Poultry Research Foundation, Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2570, Australia
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Palavecino PM, Penci MC, Calderón-Domínguez G, Ribotta PD. Chemical composition and physical properties of sorghum flour prepared from different sorghum hybrids grown in Argentina. STARCH-STARKE 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/star.201600111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Martín Palavecino
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba; UNC; CONICET; FCEFyN; Córdoba Argentina
| | - María Cecilia Penci
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba; UNC; CONICET; FCEFyN; Córdoba Argentina
| | - Georgina Calderón-Domínguez
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas; Instituto Politécnico Nacional; Carpio y Plan de Ayala; Casco de Sto. Tomás; México México
| | - Pablo Daniel Ribotta
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba; UNC; CONICET; FCEFyN; Córdoba Argentina
- Instituto Superior de Investigación; Desarrollo y Servicios en Alimentos (ISIDSA); Secretaría de Ciencia y Tecnología; Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Bv. Juan Filloy s/n, Ciudad Universitaria; Córdoba Argentina
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Truong H, Yu S, Peron A, Cadogan D, Khoddami A, Roberts T, Liu S, Selle P. Phytase supplementation of maize-, sorghum- and wheat-based broiler diets with identified starch pasting properties influences phytate (IP6) and sodium jejunal and ileal digestibility. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Cozzolino D, Degner S, Eglinton J. A Review on the Role of Vibrational Spectroscopy as An Analytical Method to Measure Starch Biochemical and Biophysical Properties in Cereals and Starchy Foods. Foods 2014; 3:605-621. [PMID: 28234340 PMCID: PMC5302241 DOI: 10.3390/foods3040605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Starch is the major component of cereal grains and starchy foods, and changes in its biophysical and biochemical properties (e.g., amylose, amylopectin, pasting, gelatinization, viscosity) will have a direct effect on its end use properties (e.g., bread, malt, polymers). The use of rapid and non-destructive methods to study and monitor starch properties, such as gelatinization, retrogradation, water absorption in cereals and starchy foods, is of great interest in order to improve and assess their quality. In recent years, near infrared reflectance (NIR) and mid infrared (MIR) spectroscopy have been explored to predict several quality parameters, such as those generated by instrumental methods commonly used in routine analysis like the rapid visco analyser (RVA) or viscometers. In this review, applications of both NIR and MIR spectroscopy to measure and monitor starch biochemical (amylose, amylopectin, starch) and biophysical properties (e.g., pasting properties) will be presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Cozzolino
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB 1 Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia.
| | - S Degner
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB 1 Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia.
| | - J Eglinton
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB 1 Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia.
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Cremer JE, Bean SR, Tilley MM, Ioerger BP, Ohm JB, Kaufman RC, Wilson JD, Innes DJ, Gilding EK, Godwin ID. Grain sorghum proteomics: integrated approach toward characterization of endosperm storage proteins in kafirin allelic variants. J Agric Food Chem 2014; 62:9819-9831. [PMID: 25177767 DOI: 10.1021/jf5022847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Grain protein composition determines quality traits, such as value for food, feedstock, and biomaterials uses. The major storage proteins in sorghum are the prolamins, known as kafirins. Located primarily on the periphery of the protein bodies surrounding starch, cysteine-rich β- and γ-kafirins may limit enzymatic access to internally positioned α-kafirins and starch. An integrated approach was used to characterize sorghum with allelic variation at the kafirin loci to determine the effects of this genetic diversity on protein expression. Reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography and lab-on-a-chip analysis showed reductions in alcohol-soluble protein in β-kafirin null lines. Gel-based separation and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry identified a range of redox active proteins affecting storage protein biochemistry. Thioredoxin, involved in the processing of proteins at germination, has reported impacts on grain digestibility and was differentially expressed across genotypes. Thus, redox states of endosperm proteins, of which kafirins are a subset, could affect quality traits in addition to the expression of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia E Cremer
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences and ⊥Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland , St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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Daikos O, Mirschel G, Genest B, Scherzer T. In-Line Monitoring of the Thickness of Printed Layers by NIR Spectroscopy: Elimination of the Effect of the Varnish Formulation on the Prediction of the Coating Weight. Ind Eng Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ie403087k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olesya Daikos
- Leibniz Institute
of Surface Modification (IOM) Permoserstraße
15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gabriele Mirschel
- Leibniz Institute
of Surface Modification (IOM) Permoserstraße
15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Beatrix Genest
- Saxonian Institute
for the Printing Industry (SID) Mommsenstraße
2, D-04329 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tom Scherzer
- Leibniz Institute
of Surface Modification (IOM) Permoserstraße
15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
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Cozzolino D, Roumeliotis S, Eglinton J. Prediction of starch pasting properties in barley flour using ATR-MIR spectroscopy. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 95:509-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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