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Lu HC, Chen WK, Wang Y, Bai XJ, Cheng G, Duan CQ, Wang J, He F. Effect of the Seasonal Climatic Variations on the Flavonoid Accumulation in Vitis vinifera cvs. ‘Muscat Hamburg’ and ‘Victoria’ Grapes under the Double Cropping System. Foods 2021; 11:foods11010048. [PMID: 35010174 PMCID: PMC8750161 DOI: 10.3390/foods11010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Under the double cropping system, berries usually showed significant quality variations in the summer and winter seasons. In the two-year/four-consecutive-season study, two table grapes of ‘Muscat Hamburg’ and ‘Victoria’ were investigated to determine the phenolic compounds in their berries. Different from those of the summer season, the berries in the winter season suffered no high-temperature stress since veraison to harvest in 2014 and 2015. The variations in the season temperatures led to a higher anthocyanin concentration in the winter season berries of ‘Muscat Hamburg’ grapes than that in the summer berries, while the summer season berries had higher proportions of acylated and methylated anthocyanins than those in the winter season berries. Similar to the anthocyanins, the winter season berries also had a higher flavonol concentration in both varieties. Transcriptome analysis showed that the upregulated genes involved in the flavonoid pathway in the winter season berries were agreed with the changes found in the metabolites. However, the influence of the growing seasons on the flavanols was not consistent in the two varieties, and the variations in VviLARs between the grapes of ‘Muscat Hamburg’ and ‘Victoria’ might be the cause. This research helped us better understand the double cropping system and how the climate factors affected the phenolic compounds in the double cropping system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Cheng Lu
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (H.-C.L.); (W.-K.C.); (Y.W.); (C.-Q.D.); (J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wei-Kai Chen
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (H.-C.L.); (W.-K.C.); (Y.W.); (C.-Q.D.); (J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (H.-C.L.); (W.-K.C.); (Y.W.); (C.-Q.D.); (J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xian-Jin Bai
- Grape and Wine Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (X.-J.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Guo Cheng
- Grape and Wine Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (X.-J.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Chang-Qing Duan
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (H.-C.L.); (W.-K.C.); (Y.W.); (C.-Q.D.); (J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (H.-C.L.); (W.-K.C.); (Y.W.); (C.-Q.D.); (J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fei He
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (H.-C.L.); (W.-K.C.); (Y.W.); (C.-Q.D.); (J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-106-273-7039
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De Simone N, Pace B, Grieco F, Chimienti M, Tyibilika V, Santoro V, Capozzi V, Colelli G, Spano G, Russo P. Botrytis cinerea and Table Grapes: A Review of the Main Physical, Chemical, and Bio-Based Control Treatments in Post-Harvest. Foods 2020; 9:foods9091138. [PMID: 32824971 PMCID: PMC7555317 DOI: 10.3390/foods9091138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumers highly appreciate table grapes for their pleasant sensory attributes and as good sources of nutritional and functional compounds. This explains the rising market and global interest in this product. Along with other fruits and vegetables, table grapes are considerably perishable post-harvest due to the growth of undesired microorganisms. Among the microbial spoilers, Botrytis cinerea represents a model organism because of its degrading potential and the huge economic losses caused by its infection. The present review provides an overview of the recent primary physical, chemical, and biological control treatments adopted against the development of B. cinerea in table grapes to extend shelf life. These treatments preserve product quality and safety. This article also focuses on the compliance of different approaches with organic and sustainable production processes. Tailored approaches include those that rely on controlled atmosphere and the application of edible coating and packaging, as well as microbial-based activities. These strategies, applied alone or in combination, are among the most promising solutions in order to prolong table grape quality during cold storage. In general, the innovative design of applications dealing with hurdle technologies holds great promise for future improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola De Simone
- Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (N.D.S.); (G.C.); (G.S.); (P.R.)
| | - Bernardo Pace
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), c/o CS-DAT, Via Michele Protano, 71121 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Francesco Grieco
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | | | | | - Vincenzo Santoro
- A.B.A. Mediterranea s.c.a.r.l., Via Parini, 1, 74013 Ginosa, Italy;
| | - Vittorio Capozzi
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), c/o CS-DAT, Via Michele Protano, 71121 Foggia, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0881-630201
| | - Giancarlo Colelli
- Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (N.D.S.); (G.C.); (G.S.); (P.R.)
| | - Giuseppe Spano
- Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (N.D.S.); (G.C.); (G.S.); (P.R.)
| | - Pasquale Russo
- Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (N.D.S.); (G.C.); (G.S.); (P.R.)
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