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Kim K, Seo D, Kim D, Lim J. Visible Light Induced Solubility Modulation of Polynorbornene Bearing Bridged 1,2‐Diketones. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyungrae Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Basic Science Kyung Hee University 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu Seoul 02447 Republic of Korea
| | - Donghwa Seo
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Basic Science Kyung Hee University 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu Seoul 02447 Republic of Korea
- Current Address: Semiconductor R&D Center, DS Division Samsung Electronics 118 Sinwon-ro, Yeongtong-gu Suwon 16679 Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Dowan Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Basic Science Kyung Hee University 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu Seoul 02447 Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology 950 Atlantic Drive Atlanta GA 30332 United States
| | - Jeewoo Lim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Basic Science Kyung Hee University 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu Seoul 02447 Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Photoactivatable (alternatively, photoremovable, photoreleasable, or photocleavable) protecting groups (PPGs), also known as caged or photocaged compounds, are used to enable non-invasive spatiotemporal photochemical control over the release of species of interest. Recent years have seen the development of PPGs activatable by biologically and chemically benign visible and near-infrared (NIR) light. These long-wavelength-absorbing moieties expand the applicability of this powerful method and its accessibility to non-specialist users. This review comprehensively covers organic and transition metal-containing photoactivatable compounds (complexes) that absorb in the visible- and NIR-range to release various leaving groups and gasotransmitters (carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, and hydrogen sulfide). The text also covers visible- and NIR-light-induced photosensitized release using molecular sensitizers, quantum dots, and upconversion and second-harmonic nanoparticles, as well as release via photodynamic (photooxygenation by singlet oxygen) and photothermal effects. Release from photoactivatable polymers, micelles, vesicles, and photoswitches, along with the related emerging field of photopharmacology, is discussed at the end of the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Weinstain
- School
of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Tomáš Slanina
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dnyaneshwar Kand
- School
of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Petr Klán
- Department
of Chemistry and RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Reichsöllner E, Creamer A, Cong S, Casey A, Eder S, Heeney M, Glöcklhofer F. Fast and Selective Post-polymerization Modification of Conjugated Polymers Using Dimethyldioxirane. Front Chem 2019; 7:123. [PMID: 30915327 PMCID: PMC6421264 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Modification of functional groups attached to conjugated polymer backbones can drastically alter the material properties. Oxidation of electron-donating thioalkyl substituents to electron-withdrawing sulfoxides or sulfones is a particularly effective modification. However, so far, this reaction has not been studied for the modification of conjugated polymers used in organic electronics. Crucial questions regarding selectivity and reaction time waited to be addressed. Here, we show that the reaction is highly selective and complete within just a few minutes when using dimethyldioxirane (DMDO) for the oxidation of thioalkyl substituents attached to the well-investigated conjugated polymers poly(9-(1-octylnonyl)carbazole-alt-4,7-dithienylbenzothiadiazole) (PCDTBT) and poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-alt-benzothiadiazole) (F8BT). The selectivity was confirmed by comparison with polymers obtained from pre-oxidized monomers and by control experiments using related polymers without thioalkyl substituents. Using DMDO, the oxidation yields acetone as the only side-product, which reduces the work-up to mere evaporation of solvents and excessive reagent. Our results show that this oxidation is an exciting method for the preparation of electron-deficient conjugated polymers. It may even allow the preparation of electron acceptors for solar cells directly from the electron donors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam Creamer
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shengyu Cong
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Abby Casey
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Eder
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Heeney
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Florian Glöcklhofer
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Centre of Advanced Materials, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 and 270, 69120 Heidelberg, FRG
- InnovationLab, Speyerer Str. 4, 69115 Heidelberg, FRG
| | - Daniel Jänsch
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Centre of Advanced Materials, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 and 270, 69120 Heidelberg, FRG
- InnovationLab, Speyerer Str. 4, 69115 Heidelberg, FRG
| | - Felix Hinkel
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Centre of Advanced Materials, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 and 270, 69120 Heidelberg, FRG
| | - Uwe H. F. Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Centre of Advanced Materials, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 and 270, 69120 Heidelberg, FRG
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, 62
Talbot Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - John A. Lawrence
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, 62
Talbot Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - James Mullahoo
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, 62
Talbot Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Zachary C. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, 62
Talbot Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Daniel J. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, 62
Talbot Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Charles R. Mace
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, 62
Talbot Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Samuel W. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, 62
Talbot Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
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Abstract
Recent advances in field-responsive polymers, which have emerged as highly promising materials for numerous applications, are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore Manouras
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas
- Heraklion
- Greece
| | - Maria Vamvakaki
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas
- Heraklion
- Greece
- University of Crete
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