1
|
Pourtavakoli A, Ghafouri-Fard S. Calcium signaling in neurodevelopment and pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:10811-10823. [PMID: 35857176 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07775-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) covers a group of neurodevelopmental disorders with complex genetic background. Several genetic mutations, epigenetic alterations, copy number variations and single nucleotide polymorphisms have been reported that cause ASD or modify its phenotype. Among signaling pathways that influence pathogenesis of ASD, calcium signaling has a prominent effect. METHODS We searched PubMed and Google Scholar databases with key words "Calcium signaling" and "Autism spectrum disorder". CONCLUSION This type of signaling has essential roles in the cell physiology. Endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria are the key organelles involved in this signaling. It is vastly accepted that organellar disorders intensely influence the central nervous system (CNS). Several lines of evidence indicate alterations in the function of calcium channels in polygenic disorders affecting CNS. In the current review, we describe the role of calcium signaling in normal function of CNS and pathophysiology of ASD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashkan Pourtavakoli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jin JY, Guo BB, Dong Y, Sheng Y, Fan LL, Zhang LB. Case Report: A Novel CACNA1S Mutation Associated With Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis in a Chinese Family. Front Genet 2021; 12:743184. [PMID: 34777470 PMCID: PMC8586648 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.743184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypokalemic periodic paralysis (HypoPP) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by episodic flaccid paralysis with concomitant hypokalemia. More than half of patients were associated with mutations in CACNA1S that encodes the alpha-1-subunit of the skeletal muscle L-type voltage-dependent calcium channel. Mutations in CACNA1S may alter the structure of CACNA1S and affect the functions of calcium channels, which damages Ca2+-mediated excitation-contraction coupling. In this research, we identified and described a Chinese HypoPP patient with a novel frameshift mutation in CACNA1S [NM_000069.2: c.1364delA (p.Asn455fs)] by targeted sequencing. This study would expand the spectrum of CACNA1S mutations, further our understanding of HypoPP, and provided a new perspective for selecting effective treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Yuan Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bing-Bing Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yue Sheng
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liang-Liang Fan
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li-Bing Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Brugnoni R, Canioni E, Filosto M, Pini A, Tonin P, Rossi T, Canavese C, Eoli M, Siciliano G, Lauria G, Mantegazza R, Maggi L. Mutations associated with hypokalemic periodic paralysis: from hotspot regions to complete analysis of CACNA1S and SCN4A genes. Neurogenetics 2021. [PMID: 34608571 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-021-00673-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Familial periodic paralyses (PPs) are inherited disorders of skeletal muscle characterized by recurrent episodes of flaccid muscle weakness. PPs are classified as hypokalemic (HypoPP), normokalemic (NormoPP), or hyperkalemic (HyperPP) according to the potassium level during the paralytic attacks. HypoPP is an autosomal dominant disease caused by mutations in the CACNA1S gene, encoding for Cav1.1 channel (HypoPP-1), or SCN4A gene, encoding for Nav1.4 channel (HypoPP-2). In the present study, we included 60 patients with a clinical diagnosis of HypoPP. Fifty-one (85%) patients were tested using the direct sequencing (Sanger method) of all reported HypoPP mutations in CACNA1S and SCN4A genes; the remaining 9 (15%) patients were analyzed through a next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel, including the whole CACNA1S and SCN4A genes, plus other genes rarely associated to PPs. Fifty patients resulted mutated: 38 (76%) cases showed p.R528H and p.R1239G/H CACNA1S mutations and 12 (24%) displayed p.R669H, p.R672C/H, p.R1132G/Q, and p.R1135H SCN4A mutations. Forty-one mutated cases were identified among the 51 patients managed with Sanger sequencing, while all the 9 cases directly analyzed with the NGS panel showed mutations in the hotspot regions of SCN4A and CACNA1S. Ten out of the 51 patients unresolved through the Sanger sequencing were further analyzed with the NGS panel, without the detection of any mutation. Hence, our data suggest that in HypoPP patients, the extension of genetic analysis from the hotspot regions using the Sanger method to the NGS sequencing of the entire CACNA1S and SCN4A genes does not lead to the identification of new pathological mutations.
Collapse
|
4
|
Kurokawa M, Torio M, Ohkubo K, Tocan V, Ohyama N, Toda N, Ishii K, Nishiyama K, Mushimoto Y, Sakamoto R, Nakaza M, Horie R, Kubota T, Takahashi MP, Sakai Y, Nomura M, Ohga S. The expanding phenotype of hypokalemic periodic paralysis in a Japanese family with p.Val876Glu mutation in CACNA1S. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1175. [PMID: 32104981 PMCID: PMC7196457 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypokalemic periodic paralysis (HypoPP) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by the episodic weakness of skeletal muscles and hypokalemia. More than half patients with HypoPP carry mutations in CACNA1S, encoding alpha-1 subunit of calcium channel. Few reports have documented the non-neuromuscular phenotypes of HypoPP. METHODS The proband is a Japanese woman who developed HypoPP at 6 years of age. An excessive insulin secretion with the oral glucose tolerance test rationalized that she had experienced frequent attacks of paralysis on high-carbohydrate diets. RESULTS Voglibose and acetazolamide effectively controlled her paralytic episodes. Her 8-year-old son and 2-year-old daughter started showing the paralytic symptoms from 4 and 2 years of age, respectively. Laboratory tests revealed high concentrations of creatinine kinase in serum and elevated renin activities in plasma of these children. The targeted sequencing confirmed that these three patients had an identical heterozygous mutation (p.V876E) in CACNA1S. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that the p.V876E mutation in CACNA1S contributes to the early onset of neuromuscular symptoms and unusual clinical phenotypes of HypoPP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mari Kurokawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Michiko Torio
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ohkubo
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Vlad Tocan
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Noriko Ohyama
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoko Toda
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kanako Ishii
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kei Nishiyama
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuichi Mushimoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Sakamoto
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Maki Nakaza
- Department of Functional Diagnostic Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Riho Horie
- Department of Functional Diagnostic Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoya Kubota
- Department of Functional Diagnostic Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masanori P Takahashi
- Department of Functional Diagnostic Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasunari Sakai
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Nomura
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shouichi Ohga
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|