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Feuerriegel GC, Sutter R. Managing hardware-related metal artifacts in MRI: current and evolving techniques. Skeletal Radiol 2024:10.1007/s00256-024-04624-4. [PMID: 38381196 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-024-04624-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) around metal implants has been challenging due to magnetic susceptibility differences between metal implants and adjacent tissues, resulting in image signal loss, geometric distortion, and loss of fat suppression. These artifacts can compromise the diagnostic accuracy and the evaluation of surrounding anatomical structures. As the prevalence of total joint replacements continues to increase in our aging society, there is a need for proper radiological assessment of tissues around metal implants to aid clinical decision-making in the management of post-operative complaints and complications. Various techniques for reducing metal artifacts in musculoskeletal imaging have been explored in recent years. One approach focuses on improving hardware components. High-density multi-channel radiofrequency (RF) coils, parallel imaging techniques, and gradient warping correction enable signal enhancement, image acquisition acceleration, and geometric distortion minimization. In addition, the use of susceptibility-matched implants and low-field MRI helps to reduce magnetic susceptibility differences. The second approach focuses on metal artifact reduction sequences such as view-angle tilting (VAT) and slice-encoding for metal artifact correction (SEMAC). Iterative reconstruction algorithms, deep learning approaches, and post-processing techniques are used to estimate and correct artifact-related errors in reconstructed images. This article reviews recent developments in clinically applicable metal artifact reduction techniques as well as advances in MR hardware. The review provides a better understanding of the basic principles and techniques, as well as an awareness of their limitations, allowing for a more reasoned application of these methods in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg C Feuerriegel
- Department of Radiology, Balgrist University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Forchstrasse 340, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Reto Sutter
- Department of Radiology, Balgrist University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Forchstrasse 340, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
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Koch KM, Nencka AS, Klein A, Wang M, Kurpad S, Vedantam A, Budde M. Diffusion-weighted MRI of the spinal cord in cervical spondylotic myelopathy after instrumented fusion. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1172833. [PMID: 37273696 PMCID: PMC10236479 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1172833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study investigated tissue diffusion properties within the spinal cord of individuals treated for cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) using post-decompression stabilization hardware. While previous research has indicated the potential of diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) markers of CSM, the metallic implants often used to stabilize the decompressed spine hamper conventional DW-MRI. Methods Utilizing recent developments in DW-MRI metal-artifact suppression technologies, imaging data was acquired from 38 CSM study participants who had undergone instrumented fusion, as well as asymptomatic (non-instrumented) control participants. Apparent diffusion coefficients were determined in axial slice sections and split into four categories: a) instrumented levels, b) non-instrumented CSM levels, c) adjacent-segment (to instrumentation) CSM levels, and d) non-instrumented control levels. Multi-linear regression models accounting for age, sex, and body mass index were used to investigate ADC measures within each category. Furthermore, the cord diffusivity within CSM subjects was correlated with symptom scores and the duration since fusion procedures. Results ADC measures of the spinal cord in CSM subjects were globally reduced relative to control subjects (p = 0.005). In addition, instrumented levels within the CSM subjects showed reduced diffusivity relative to controls (p = 0.003), while ADC within non-instrumented CSM levels did not statistically deviate from control levels (p = 0.107). Discussion Multi-spectral DW-MRI technology can be effectively employed to evaluate cord diffusivity near fusion hardware in subjects who have undergone surgery for CSM. Leveraging this advanced technology, this study had identified significant reductions in cord diffusivity, relative to control subjects, in CSM patients treated with conventional metallic fusion instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M. Koch
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Andrew S. Nencka
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Andrew Klein
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Marjorie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Shekar Kurpad
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Aditya Vedantam
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Matthew Budde
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
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Lee PK, Yoon D, Sandberg JK, Vasanawala SS, Hargreaves BA. Volumetric and multispectral DWI near metallic implants using a non-linear phase Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill diffusion preparation. Magn Reson Med 2022; 87:2650-2666. [PMID: 35014729 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE DWI near metal implants has not been widely explored due to substantial challenges associated with through-slice and in-plane distortions, the increased encoding requirement of different spectral bins, and limited SNR. There is no widely adopted clinical protocol for DWI near metal since the commonly used EPI trajectory fails completely due to distortion from extreme off-resonance ranging from 2 to 20 kHz. We present a sequence that achieves DWI near metal with moderate b-values (400-500 s/mm2 ) and volumetric coverage in clinically feasible scan times. THEORY AND METHODS Multispectral excitation with Cartesian sampling, view angle tilting, and kz phase encoding reduce in-plane and through-plane off-resonance artifacts, and Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) spin-echo refocusing trains counteract T2* effects. The effect of random phase on the refocusing train is eliminated using a stimulated echo diffusion preparation. Root-flipped Shinnar-Le Roux refocusing pulses permits preparation of a high spectral bandwidth, which improves imaging times by reducing the number of excitations required to cover the desired spectral range. B1 sensitivity is reduced by using an excitation that satisfies the CPMG condition in the preparation. A method for ADC quantification insensitive to background gradients is presented. RESULTS Non-linear phase refocusing pulses reduces the peak B1 by 46% which allows RF bandwidth to be doubled. Simulations and phantom experiments show that a non-linear phase CPMG pulse pair reduces B1 sensitivity. Application in vivo demonstrates complementary contrast to conventional multispectral acquisitions and improved visualization compared to DW-EPI. CONCLUSION Volumetric and multispectral DW imaging near metal can be achieved with a 3D encoded sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip K Lee
- Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.,Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Daehyun Yoon
- Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | | | | | - Brian A Hargreaves
- Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.,Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.,Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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Abstract
ABSTRACT During the last decade, metal artifact reduction in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been an area of intensive research and substantial improvement. The demand for an excellent diagnostic MRI scan quality of tissues around metal implants is closely linked to the steadily increasing number of joint arthroplasty (especially knee and hip arthroplasties) and spinal stabilization procedures. Its unmatched soft tissue contrast and cross-sectional nature make MRI a valuable tool in early detection of frequently encountered postoperative complications, such as periprosthetic infection, material wear-induced synovitis, osteolysis, or damage of the soft tissues. However, metal-induced artifacts remain a constant challenge. Successful artifact reduction plays an important role in the diagnostic workup of patients with painful/dysfunctional arthroplasties and helps to improve patient outcome. The artifact severity depends both on the implant and the acquisition technique. The implant's material, in particular its magnetic susceptibility and electrical conductivity, its size, geometry, and orientation in the MRI magnet are critical. On the acquisition side, the magnetic field strength, the employed imaging pulse sequence, and several acquisition parameters can be optimized. As a rule of thumb, the choice of a 1.5-T over a 3.0-T magnet, a fast spin-echo sequence over a spin-echo or gradient-echo sequence, a high receive bandwidth, a small voxel size, and short tau inversion recovery-based fat suppression can mitigate the impact of metal artifacts on diagnostic image quality. However, successful imaging of large orthopedic implants (eg, arthroplasties) often requires further optimized artifact reduction methods, such as slice encoding for metal artifact correction or multiacquisition variable-resonance image combination. With these tools, MRI at 1.5 T is now widely considered the modality of choice for the clinical evaluation of patients with metal implants.
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Eskreis-Winkler S, Simon K, Reichman M, Spincemaille P, Nguyen TD, Christos PJ, Drotman M, Prince MR, Pinker K, Sutton EJ, Morris EA, Wang Y. Multispectral Imaging for Metallic Biopsy Marker Detection During MRI-Guided Breast Biopsy: A Feasibility Study for Clinical Translation. Front Oncol 2021; 11:605014. [PMID: 33828972 PMCID: PMC8020905 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.605014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess the feasibility and diagnostic accuracy of multispectral MRI (MSI) in the detection and localization of biopsy markers during MRI-guided breast biopsy. Methods This prospective study included 20 patients undergoing MR-guided breast biopsy. In 10 patients (Group 1), MSI was acquired following tissue sampling and biopsy marker deployment. In the other 10 patients (Group 2), MSI was acquired following tissue sampling but before biopsy marker deployment (to simulate deployment failure). All patients received post-procedure mammograms. Group 1 and Group 2 designations, in combination with the post-procedure mammogram, served as the reference standard. The diagnostic performance of MSI for biopsy marker identification was independently evaluated by two readers using two-spectral-bin MR and one-spectral-bin MR. The κ statistic was used to assess inter-rater agreement for biopsy marker identification. Results The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of biopsy marker detection for readers 1 and 2 using 2-bin MSI were 90.0% (9/10) and 90.0% (9/10), 100.0% (10/10) and 100.0% (10/10), 95.0% (19/20) and 95.0% (19/20); and using 1-bin MSI were 70.0% (7/10) and 80.0% (8/10), 100.0% (8/8) and 100.0% (10/10), 85.0% (17/20) and 90.0% (18/20). Positive predictive value was 100% for both readers for all numbers of bins. Inter-rater agreement was excellent: κ was 1.0 for 2-bin MSI and 0.81 for 1-bin MSI. Conclusion MSI is a feasible, diagnostically accurate technique for identifying metallic biopsy markers during MRI-guided breast biopsy and may eliminate the need for a post-procedure mammogram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Eskreis-Winkler
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Katherine Simon
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Melissa Reichman
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Pascal Spincemaille
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Thanh D Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Paul J Christos
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Healthcare Policy & Research, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Michele Drotman
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Martin R Prince
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Katja Pinker
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Elizabeth J Sutton
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Morris
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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Puesken M, Unterberg-Buchwald C, Rhiem K, Große Hokamp N, Maintz D, Lotz J, Wienbeck S. Ex Vivo Study of Artifacts Caused by Breast Tissue Markers with Different 1.5 Tesla and 3 Tesla MRI Scanners - A Bicentric Study. Acad Radiol 2021; 28:77-84. [PMID: 32008930 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES The purpose of our study was to evaluate magnetic resonance (MR) artifacts related to breast tissue markers in breast imaging procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this bicentric prospective ex vivo study 10 different commercially available markers were measured in self-made breast phantoms. Breast tissue markers varying in marker size, composition, and shape were evaluated. MR imaging (MRI) scans were performed on 1.5 Tesla (T) and 3 T scanners from 2 different vendors, using dedicated breast coils. Three different sequences (T1-weighted images with and without fat saturation, T2-weighted images) were acquired in axial and coronal view. Three blinded readers electronically measured the artifact length. RESULTS All markers caused artifacts in MRI. The largest median artifact length was 10.4 mm, interquartile range (IQR 9.4-11.0 mm), the smallest 4.8 mm (IQR 4.5-5.2 mm). Relative artifact length (quotient artifact length in mm/real physical length of the marker) ranged between 0.9 (IQR 0.9-1.2) and 3.0 (IQR 2.8-3.4). Mean artifact length was higher for metallic markers (10.2 mm; IQR 8.7-11.5 mm) compared to metallic markers with nonmetallic coating (7.7 mm; IQR 6.3-10.2 mm) and nonmetallic marker (7.6 mm; IQR 5.9-10.0 mm); all p < 0.0001. Artifact size was higher in coronal in comparison to axial view; p < 0.05. The results were comparable between the different field strengths, the sites and sequences; p > 0.05. Interobserver agreement was excellent (ntraclass correlation coefficient = 0.83). CONCLUSION Artifacts are necessary in the detection and localization of breast tissue markers, but could also limit the interpretation of MRI due to the possibility of masking the residual tumor after biopsy. This artifact size varies among the different clips evaluated. It depends on marker composition and scan direction but is not influenced by image sequence, field strength or scanner type.
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Koch KM, Bhave S, Kaushik SS, Nencka AS, Budde MD. Multispectral diffusion-weighted MRI of the instrumented cervical spinal cord: a preliminary study of 5 cases. Eur Spine J 2020; 29:1071-1077. [PMID: 31832875 PMCID: PMC7225051 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-019-06239-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diffusion-weighted imaging has undergone substantial investigation as a potential tool for advanced assessment of spinal cord health. Unfortunately, commonly encountered surgically implanted spinal hardware has historically disrupted these studies. This preliminary investigation applies the recently developed multispectral diffusion-weighted PROPELLER technique to quantitative assessment of the spinal cord immediately adjacent to metallic spinal fusion instrumentation. METHODS Morphological and diffusion-weighted MRI of the spinal cord was collected from 5 subjects with implanted cervical spinal fusion hardware. Conventional and multispectral diffusion-weighted images were also collected on a normative non-instrumented control cohort and utilized for methodological stability analysis. Variance of the ADC values derived from the normative control group was then analyzed on a subject-by-subject basis and qualitatively correlated with clinical morphological interpretations. RESULTS Normative control ADC values within the spinal cord were stable across DWI methods for a b value of 600 s/mm2, though this stability degraded at lower b value levels. Susceptibility artifacts precluded conventional DWI analysis of the cord in subjects with spinal fusion hardware in 4 of the 5 test cases. On the contrary, multispectral PROPELLER DWI produced viable ADC measurements within the cord of all 5 instrumented subjects. Instrumented cord regions without obvious pathology (N = 4) showed ADC values that were lower than expected, whereas one subject with diagnosed myelomalacia showed abnormally elevated ADC. CONCLUSIONS In the absence of instrumentation, multispectral DWI provides quantitative capabilities that match with those of conventional DWI approaches. In a preliminary instrumented subject analysis, cord ADC values showed both expected and unexpected variations from the normative cohort. These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Koch
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI, 53202, USA.
| | - Sampada Bhave
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI, 53202, USA
| | | | - Andrew S Nencka
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI, 53202, USA
| | - Matthew D Budde
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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Farkash G, Liberman G, Martinho RP, Frydman L. Improving MRI's slice selectivity in the presence of strong, metal-derived inhomogeneities. Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 69:71-80. [PMID: 32179096 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop schemes that deliver faithful 2D slices near field heterogeneities of the kind arising from non-ferromagnetic metal implants, with reduced artifacts and shorter scan times. METHODS An excitation scheme relying on cross-term spatio-temporal encoding (xSPEN) was used as basis for developing the new inhomogeneity-insensitive, slice-selective pulse scheme. The resulting Fully refOCUSED cross-term SPatiotemporal ENcoding (FOCUSED-xSPEN) approach involved four adiabatic sweeps. The method was evaluated in silico, in vitro and in vivo using mice models, and compared against a number of existing and of novel alternatives based on both conventional and swept RF pulses, including an analogous method based on LASER's selectivity spatial selectivity. RESULTS Calculations and experiments confirmed that multi-sweep derivatives of xSPEN and LASER can deliver localized excitation profiles, centered at the intended positions and endowed with enhanced immunity to B0 and B1 distortions. This, however, is achieved at the expense of higher SAR than non-swept counterparts. Furthermore, single-shot FOCUSED-xSPEN and LASER profiles covered limited off-resonance ranges. This could be extended to bands covering arbitrary off-resonance values with uniform slice widths, by looping the experiments over a number of scans possessing suitable transmission and reception offsets. CONCLUSIONS A series of novel approaches were introduced to select slices near metals, delivering robustness against Bo and B1+ field inhomogeneities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil Farkash
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Gilad Liberman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Ricardo P Martinho
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Lucio Frydman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
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Eskreis-Winkler S, Simon K, Reichman M, Spincemaille P, Nguyen T, Kee Y, Cho J, Christos PJ, Drotman M, Prince MR, Morris EA, Wang Y. Dipole modeling of multispectral signal for detecting metallic biopsy markers during MRI-guided breast biopsy: a pilot study. Magn Reson Med 2019; 83:1380-1389. [PMID: 31631408 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE During MRI-guided breast biopsy, a metallic biopsy marker is deployed at the biopsy site to guide future interventions. Conventional MRI during biopsy cannot distinguish such markers from biopsy site air, and a post-biopsy mammogram is therefore performed to localize marker placement. The purpose of this pilot study is to develop dipole modeling of multispectral signal (DIMMS) as an MRI alternative to eliminate the cost, inefficiency, inconvenience, and ionizing radiation of a mammogram for biopsy marker localization. METHODS DIMMS detects and localizes the biopsy marker by fitting the measured multispectral imaging (MSI) signal to the MRI signal model and marker properties. MSI was performed on phantoms containing titanium biopsy markers and air to illustrate the clinical challenge that DIMMS addresses and on 20 patients undergoing MRI-guided breast biopsy to assess DIMMS feasibility for marker detection. DIMMS was compared to conventional MSI field map thresholding, using the post-procedure mammogram as the reference standard. RESULTS Biopsy markers were detected and localized in 20 of 20 cases using MSI with automated DIMMS post-processing (using a threshold of 0.7) and in 18 of 20 cases using MSI field mapping (using a threshold of 0.65 kHz). CONCLUSION MSI with DIMMS post-processing is a feasible technique for biopsy marker detection and localization during MRI-guided breast biopsy. With a 2-min MSI scan, DIMMS is a promising MRI alternative to the standard-of-care post-biopsy mammogram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Eskreis-Winkler
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Katherine Simon
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Melissa Reichman
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Youngwook Kee
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Junghun Cho
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Paul J Christos
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Healthcare Policy & Research, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Michele Drotman
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Martin R Prince
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Elizabeth A Morris
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
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10
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Perkins SL, Daniel BL, Hargreaves BA. MR imaging of magnetic ink patterns via off-resonance sensitivity. Magn Reson Med 2018; 80:2017-2023. [PMID: 29603366 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Printed magnetic ink creates predictable B0 field perturbations based on printed shape and magnetic susceptibility. This can be exploited for contrast in MR imaging techniques that are sensitized to off-resonance. The purpose of this work was to characterize the susceptibility variations of magnetic ink and demonstrate its application for creating MR-visible skin markings. METHODS The magnetic susceptibility of the ink was estimated by comparing acquired and simulated B0 field maps of a custom-built phantom. The phantom was also imaged using a 3D gradient echo sequence with a presaturation pulse tuned to different frequencies, which adjusts the range of suppressed frequencies. Healthy volunteers with a magnetic ink pattern pressed to the skin or magnetic ink temporary flexible adhesives applied to the skin were similarly imaged. RESULTS The volume-average magnetic susceptibility of the ink was estimated to be 131 ± 3 parts per million across a 1-mm isotropic voxel (13,100 parts per million assuming a 10-μm thickness of printed ink). Adjusting the saturation frequency highlights different off-resonant regions created by the ink patterns; for example, if tuned to suppress fat, fat suppression will fail near the ink due to the off-resonance. This causes magnetic ink skin markings placed over a region with underlying subcutaneous fat to be visible on MR images. CONCLUSION Patterns printed with magnetic ink can be imaged and identified with MRI. Temporary flexible skin adhesives printed with magnetic ink have the potential to be used as skin markings that are visible both by eye and on MR images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Perkins
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California.,Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Bruce L Daniel
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California.,Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Brian A Hargreaves
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California.,Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California.,Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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11
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Weber H, Hargreaves BA, Daniel BL. Artifact-reduced imaging of biopsy needles with 2D multispectral imaging. Magn Reson Med 2017; 80:655-661. [PMID: 29285787 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Magnetic resonance (MR) guidance for biopsy procedures requires high intrinsic soft-tissue contrast. However, artifacts induced by the metallic needle can reduce its localization and require low-susceptibility needle materials with poorer cutting performance. In a proof of concept, we demonstrate the feasibility of 2D multispectral imaging (2DMSI) for both needle tracking and for needle artifact reduction for more precise needle localization and to enable the usage of needle materials with higher susceptibility. METHOD We applied 2DMSI for imaging of MR-compatible biopsy needles, conventional stainless-steel needles, and mixed-material needles and compared it to conventional techniques. In addition, we exploited intrinsic off-resonance information for passive needle tracking. RESULTS 2DMSI achieved a stronger reduction of the needle artifact compared to conventional techniques. For the mixed-material needles, the artifact was reduced to a level below that for MR-compatible needles with conventional imaging. The passive tracking also improved the ability to pinpoint the needle. CONCLUSION 2DMSI is promising for both needle tracking and artifact-reduced imaging of biopsy needles for a more precise needle localization. 2DMSI may be particularly promising for needles inducing large distortions or for targeting of small lesions. In addition, it may enable the use of needle materials with higher susceptibility and potentially better sampling performance. Magn Reson Med 80:655-661, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Weber
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Brian A Hargreaves
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Bruce L Daniel
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
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12
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Weber H, Ghanouni P, Pascal-Tenorio A, Pauly KB, Hargreaves BA. MRI monitoring of focused ultrasound sonications near metallic hardware. Magn Reson Med 2017; 80:259-271. [PMID: 29215150 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the temperature-induced signal change in two-dimensional multi-spectral imaging (2DMSI) for fast thermometry near metallic hardware to enable MR-guided focused ultrasound surgery (MRgFUS) in patients with implanted metallic hardware. METHOD 2DMSI was optimized for temperature sensitivity and applied to monitor focus ultrasound surgery (FUS) sonications near metallic hardware in phantoms and ex vivo porcine muscle tissue. Further, we evaluated its temperature sensitivity for in vivo muscle in patients without metallic hardware. In addition, we performed a comparison of temperature sensitivity between 2DMSI and conventional proton-resonance-frequency-shift (PRFS) thermometry at different distances from metal devices and different signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). RESULTS 2DMSI thermometry enabled visualization of short ultrasound sonications near metallic hardware. Calibration using in vivo muscle yielded a constant temperature sensitivity for temperatures below 43 °C. For an off-resonance coverage of ± 6 kHz, we achieved a temperature sensitivity of 1.45%/K, resulting in a minimum detectable temperature change of ∼2.5 K for an SNR of 100 with a temporal resolution of 6 s per frame. CONCLUSION The proposed 2DMSI thermometry has the potential to allow MR-guided FUS treatments of patients with metallic hardware and therefore expand its reach to a larger patient population. Magn Reson Med 80:259-271, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Weber
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Pejman Ghanouni
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | | | - Kim Butts Pauly
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Brian A Hargreaves
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
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