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For: Sparber-Sauer M, Ferrari A, Kosztyla D, Ladenstein R, Cecchetto G, Kazanowska B, Scarzello G, Ljungman G, Milano GM, Niggli F, Alaggio R, Vokuhl C, Casanova M, Klingebiel T, Zin A, Koscielniak E, Bisogno G. Long-term results from the multicentric European randomized phase 3 trial CWS/RMS-96 for localized high-risk soft tissue sarcoma in children, adolescents, and young adults. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2022;69:e29691. [PMID: 35441463 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]

Number

Cited by Other Article(s)

Kuan EC, Wang EW, Adappa ND, Beswick DM, London NR, Su SY, Wang MB, Abuzeid WM, Alexiev B, Alt JA, Antognoni P, Alonso-Basanta M, Batra PS, Bhayani M, Bell D, Bernal-Sprekelsen M, Betz CS, Blay JY, Bleier BS, Bonilla-Velez J, Callejas C, Carrau RL, Casiano RR, Castelnuovo P, Chandra RK, Chatzinakis V, Chen SB, Chiu AG, Choby G, Chowdhury NI, Citardi MJ, Cohen MA, Dagan R, Dalfino G, Dallan I, Dassi CS, de Almeida J, Dei Tos AP, DelGaudio JM, Ebert CS, El-Sayed IH, Eloy JA, Evans JJ, Fang CH, Farrell NF, Ferrari M, Fischbein N, Folbe A, Fokkens WJ, Fox MG, Lund VJ, Gallia GL, Gardner PA, Geltzeiler M, Georgalas C, Getz AE, Govindaraj S, Gray ST, Grayson JW, Gross BA, Grube JG, Guo R, Ha PK, Halderman AA, Hanna EY, Harvey RJ, Hernandez SC, Holtzman AL, Hopkins C, Huang Z, Huang Z, Humphreys IM, Hwang PH, Iloreta AM, Ishii M, Ivan ME, Jafari A, Kennedy DW, Khan M, Kimple AJ, Kingdom TT, Knisely A, Kuo YJ, Lal D, Lamarre ED, Lan MY, Le H, Lechner M, Lee NY, Lee JK, Lee VH, Levine CG, Lin JC, Lin DT, Lobo BC, Locke T, Luong AU, Magliocca KR, Markovic SN, Matnjani G, McKean EL, Meço C, Mendenhall WM, Michel L, Na'ara S, Nicolai P, Nuss DW, Nyquist GG, Oakley GM, Omura K, Orlandi RR, Otori N, Papagiannopoulos P, Patel ZM, Pfister DG, Phan J, Psaltis AJ, Rabinowitz MR, Ramanathan M, Rimmer R, Rosen MR, Sanusi O, Sargi ZB, Schafhausen P, Schlosser RJ, Sedaghat AR, Senior BA, Shrivastava R, Sindwani R, Smith TL, Smith KA, Snyderman CH, Solares CA, Sreenath SB, Stamm A, Stölzel K, Sumer B, Surda P, Tajudeen BA, Thompson LDR, Thorp BD, Tong CCL, Tsang RK, Turner JH, Turri-Zanoni M, Udager AM, van Zele T, VanKoevering K, Welch KC, Wise SK, Witterick IJ, Won TB, Wong SN, Woodworth BA, Wormald PJ, Yao WC, Yeh CF, Zhou B, Palmer JN. International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Sinonasal Tumors. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2024;14:149-608. [PMID: 37658764 DOI: 10.1002/alr.23262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Sinonasal neoplasms, whether benign and malignant, pose a significant challenge to clinicians and represent a model area for multidisciplinary collaboration in order to optimize patient care. The International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Sinonasal Tumors (ICSNT) aims to summarize the best available evidence and presents 48 thematic and histopathology-based topics spanning the field.

METHODS

In accordance with prior International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology documents, ICSNT assigned each topic as an Evidence-Based Review with Recommendations, Evidence-Based Review, and Literature Review based on the level of evidence. An international group of multidisciplinary author teams were assembled for the topic reviews using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses format, and completed sections underwent a thorough and iterative consensus-building process. The final document underwent rigorous synthesis and review prior to publication.

RESULTS

The ICSNT document consists of four major sections: general principles, benign neoplasms and lesions, malignant neoplasms, and quality of life and surveillance. It covers 48 conceptual and/or histopathology-based topics relevant to sinonasal neoplasms and masses. Topics with a high level of evidence provided specific recommendations, while other areas summarized the current state of evidence. A final section highlights research opportunities and future directions, contributing to advancing knowledge and community intervention.

CONCLUSION

As an embodiment of the multidisciplinary and collaborative model of care in sinonasal neoplasms and masses, ICSNT was designed as a comprehensive, international, and multidisciplinary collaborative endeavor. Its primary objective is to summarize the existing evidence in the field of sinonasal neoplasms and masses.

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Affiliation(s)

Edward C Kuan Departments of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Neurological Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
Eric W Wang Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
Nithin D Adappa Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Daniel M Beswick Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
Nyall R London Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Sinonasal and Skull Base Tumor Program, Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Shirley Y Su Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
Marilene B Wang Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
Waleed M Abuzeid Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
Borislav Alexiev Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Jeremiah A Alt Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
Paolo Antognoni Division of Radiation Oncology, University of Insubria, ASST Sette Laghi Hospital, Varese, Italy
Michelle Alonso-Basanta Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Pete S Batra Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Mihir Bhayani Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Diana Bell Department of Pathology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California, USA
Manuel Bernal-Sprekelsen Otorhinolaryngology Department, Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Christian S Betz Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
Jean-Yves Blay Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Léon Bérard, UNICANCER, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, Lyon, France
Benjamin S Bleier Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Juliana Bonilla-Velez Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
Claudio Callejas Department of Otolaryngology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
Ricardo L Carrau Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
Roy R Casiano Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
Paolo Castelnuovo Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, ASST Sette Laghi Hospital, Varese, Italy
Rakesh K Chandra Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
Vasileios Chatzinakis Department of Head, Neck and Skull Base Surgery, Hygeia Hospital, Athens, Greece
Simon B Chen Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
Alexander G Chiu Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
Garret Choby Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
Naweed I Chowdhury Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
Martin J Citardi Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
Marc A Cohen Department of Surgery, Head and Neck Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
Roi Dagan Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
Gianluca Dalfino Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, ASST Sette Laghi Hospital, Varese, Italy
Iacopo Dallan Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
Camila Soares Dassi São Paulo ENT Center (COF), Edmundo Vasconcelos Complex, São Paulo, Brazil
John de Almeida Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Angelo P Dei Tos Section of Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
John M DelGaudio Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Charles S Ebert Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
Ivan H El-Sayed Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
Jean Anderson Eloy Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
James J Evans Department of Neurological Surgery and Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Christina H Fang Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, The University Hospital for Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
Nyssa F Farrell Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
Marco Ferrari Section of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
Nancy Fischbein Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
Adam Folbe Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA
Wytske J Fokkens Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Meha G Fox Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
Valerie J Lund Ear Institute, University College London, London, UK
Gary L Gallia Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Paul A Gardner Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
Mathew Geltzeiler Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
Christos Georgalas Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus
Anne E Getz Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
Satish Govindaraj Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
Stacey T Gray Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Jessica W Grayson Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
Bradley A Gross Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
Jordon G Grube Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York, USA
Ruifeng Guo Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
Patrick K Ha Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
Ashleigh A Halderman Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
Ehab Y Hanna Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
Richard J Harvey Rhinology and Skull Base Research Group, Applied Medical Research Centre, University of South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Stephen C Hernandez Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
Adam L Holtzman Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
Claire Hopkins Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guys and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
Zhigang Huang Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
Zhenxiao Huang Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
Ian M Humphreys Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
Peter H Hwang Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
Alfred M Iloreta Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
Masaru Ishii Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Michael E Ivan Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
Aria Jafari Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
David W Kennedy Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Mohemmed Khan Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
Adam J Kimple Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
Todd T Kingdom Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
Anna Knisely Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
Ying-Ju Kuo Department of Pathology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Devyani Lal Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
Eric D Lamarre Head and Neck Institute, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
Ming-Ying Lan Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Hien Le Department of Radiation Oncology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
Matt Lechner UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science and UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
Nancy Y Lee Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
Jivianne K Lee Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
Victor H Lee Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
Corinna G Levine Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
Jin-Ching Lin Department of Radiation Oncology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
Derrick T Lin Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Brian C Lobo Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
Tran Locke Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
Amber U Luong Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
Kelly R Magliocca Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Svetomir N Markovic Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
Gesa Matnjani Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
Erin L McKean Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
Cem Meço Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ankara University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Salzburg Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
William M Mendenhall Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
Loren Michel Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
Shorook Na'ara Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
Piero Nicolai Section of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
Daniel W Nuss Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
Gurston G Nyquist Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Gretchen M Oakley Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
Kazuhiro Omura Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
Richard R Orlandi Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
Nobuyoshi Otori Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
Peter Papagiannopoulos Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Zara M Patel Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
David G Pfister Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
Jack Phan Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
Alkis J Psaltis Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
Mindy R Rabinowitz Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Murugappan Ramanathan Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Ryan Rimmer Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
Marc R Rosen Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Olabisi Sanusi Department of Neurosurgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
Zoukaa B Sargi Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
Philippe Schafhausen Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
Rodney J Schlosser Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
Ahmad R Sedaghat Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
Brent A Senior Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
Raj Shrivastava Department of Neurosurgery and Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
Raj Sindwani Head and Neck Institute, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
Timothy L Smith Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
Kristine A Smith Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
Carl H Snyderman Departments of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Neurological Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
C Arturo Solares Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Satyan B Sreenath Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
Aldo Stamm São Paulo ENT Center (COF), Edmundo Vasconcelos Complex, São Paulo, Brazil
Katharina Stölzel Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
Baran Sumer Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
Pavol Surda Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guys and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
Bobby A Tajudeen Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Lester D R Thompson Head and Neck Pathology Consultations, Woodland Hills, California, USA
Brian D Thorp Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
Charles C L Tong Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Raymond K Tsang Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
Justin H Turner Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
Mario Turri-Zanoni Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, ASST Sette Laghi Hospital, Varese, Italy
Aaron M Udager Department of Pathology, Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
Thibaut van Zele Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
Kyle VanKoevering Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
Kevin C Welch Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Sarah K Wise Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Ian J Witterick Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Tae-Bin Won Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
Stephanie N Wong Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
Bradford A Woodworth Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
Peter-John Wormald Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
William C Yao Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
Chien-Fu Yeh Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Bing Zhou Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
James N Palmer Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

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Heinz AT, Schönstein A, Ebinger M, Fuchs J, Timmermann B, Seitz G, Vokuhl C, Münter M, Pajtler KW, Stegmaier S, von Kalle T, Kratz CP, Ljungman G, Juntti H, Klingebiel T, Koscielniak E, Sparber-Sauer M. Significance of fusion status, Oberlin risk factors, local and maintenance treatment in pediatric and adolescent patients with metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma: Data of the European Soft Tissue Sarcoma Registry SoTiSaR. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2024;71:e30707. [PMID: 37814424 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Outcome of primary metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is poor. Certain risk factors as fusion status, Oberlin score, and local treatment of primary tumor are known to influence prognosis.

PROCEDURE

Patients with metastatic RMS were treated according to Cooperative Weichteilsarkom Studiengruppe (CWS) guidance with chemotherapy (CHT), radiotherapy (RT) excluding total lung irradiation (TLI), complete resection of the primary tumor, and metastasectomy if possible. Kaplan-Meier estimators and Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) involving also landmark analyses.

RESULTS

In the European Soft Tissue Sarcoma Registry SoTiSaR (2009-2018), 211 patients were analyzed. Many patients had fusion-positive alveolar RMS (n = 83; 39%). Median age was 9.4 years [0.1-19.7 years]. Treatment primarily consisted of CHT with CEVAIE (carboplatin, epirubicine, vincristine, actinomycin-D, ifosfamide, etoposide: 86%, other regimens: 14%), RT (71%), resection of primary tumor (37%), metastasectomy (19%), and lymph node sampling/dissection (21%). Maintenance treatment (MT) (oral trofosfamide, idarubicin, etoposide) was added in 74% of patients. Oberlin factors, fusion status, and MT were predictive for EFS and OS. MT with O-TIE was not improving outcome when adjusting for the immortal time bias. Local treatment of the primary tumor and radical irradiation (except TLI) improved EFS, not OS, when adjusting for the Oberlin score. Patients with fusion-negative alveolar RMS (n = 9) had an excellent outcome with a 5-year EFS and OS of 100%, compared to patients with embryonal RMS (49%/62%), PAX7- (22%/47%) and PAX3/FOXO1-positive ARMS (10/13%), respectively (p < .001).

CONCLUSIONS

Prognosis of metastatic RMS primarily depends on fusion status and Oberlin score. Fusion status needs to be considered in future trials to optimize treatment outcome. The role of radical irradiation needs further investigation.

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Affiliation(s)

Amadeus T Heinz Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children´s Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany Stuttgart Cancer Center, Zentrum für Kinder-, Jugend- und Frauenmedizin (Olgahospital), Pädiatrie 5 (Pädiatrische Onkologie, Hämatologie, Immunologie), Klinikum der Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
Anton Schönstein Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
Martin Ebinger Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children´s Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
Jörg Fuchs Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, University Children's Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
Beate Timmermann Department of Particle Therapy, West German Proton Therapy Centre Essen (WPE), University Medical Center Essen, West German Cancer Center (WTZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Essen, Germany
Guido Seitz Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, University Hospital Giessen-Marburg, Marburg, Germany
Christian Vokuhl Section of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pathology, Bonn, Germany
Marc Münter Stuttgart Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum der Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
Kristian W Pajtler Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
Sabine Stegmaier Stuttgart Cancer Center, Zentrum für Kinder-, Jugend- und Frauenmedizin (Olgahospital), Pädiatrie 5 (Pädiatrische Onkologie, Hämatologie, Immunologie), Klinikum der Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
Thekla von Kalle Stuttgart Cancer Center, Zentrum für Kinder-, Jugend- und Frauenmedizin (Olgahospital), Department of Radiology, Klinikum der Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
Christian P Kratz Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
Gustaf Ljungman Department of Women's and Children's Health, Children's University Hospital, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
Hanna Juntti Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
Thomas Klingebiel Department of Children and Adolescents, University Hospital of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
Ewa Koscielniak Stuttgart Cancer Center, Zentrum für Kinder-, Jugend- und Frauenmedizin (Olgahospital), Pädiatrie 5 (Pädiatrische Onkologie, Hämatologie, Immunologie), Klinikum der Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany Medical Faculty, University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
Monika Sparber-Sauer Stuttgart Cancer Center, Zentrum für Kinder-, Jugend- und Frauenmedizin (Olgahospital), Pädiatrie 5 (Pädiatrische Onkologie, Hämatologie, Immunologie), Klinikum der Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany Medical Faculty, University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

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Sparber-Sauer M, Dietzschold M, Schönstein A, Heinz A, Vokuhl C, Pajtler KW, Harrabi S, Lin YL, Kalle TV, Hagen R, Ladenstein R, Kazanowska B, Ljungman G, Klingebiel T, Ebinger M, Koscielniak E, Münter M, Timmermann B. Radiotherapy and long-term sequelae in pediatric patients with parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma: Results of two Cooperative Weichteilsarkom Studiengruppe (CWS) trials and one registry. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2024;71:e30742. [PMID: 37880926 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]

Affiliation(s)

Monika Sparber-Sauer Klinikum der Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart gKAöR, Olgahospital, Stuttgart Cancer Center, Zentrum für Kinder-, Jugend- und Frauenmedizin, Pädiatrie 5 (Pädiatrische Onkologie, Hämatologie, Immunologie), Stuttgart, Germany University of Medicine Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
Maximilian Dietzschold Praxis ebenmass, Schillerplatz 5, Göppingen, Germany
Anton Schönstein Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
Amadeus Heinz Klinikum der Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart gKAöR, Olgahospital, Stuttgart Cancer Center, Zentrum für Kinder-, Jugend- und Frauenmedizin, Pädiatrie 5 (Pädiatrische Onkologie, Hämatologie, Immunologie), Stuttgart, Germany
Christian Vokuhl Department of Pathology, Section of Pediatric Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
Kristian W Pajtler Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
Semi Harrabi Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany National Center for Tumor diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany Clinical Cooperation Unit Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
Yi-Lan Lin Department of Particle Therapy, University Hospital Essen, West German Proton Therapy Centre Essen (WPE), West German Cancer Centre (WTZ), West German, Germany
Thekla von Kalle Klinikum Stuttgart - Olgahospital, Stuttgart Cancer Center, Zentrum für Kinder-, Jugend- und Frauenmedizin, Olgahospital, Institute of Radiology, Stuttgart, Germany
Rudolf Hagen Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
Ruth Ladenstein Pediatric Oncology, St. Anna Kinderspital, Wien, Austria
Bernarda Kazanowska Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and BMT, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
Gustaf Ljungman Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatric Oncology, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
Thomas Klingebiel Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
Martin Ebinger Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
Ewa Koscielniak Klinikum der Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart gKAöR, Olgahospital, Stuttgart Cancer Center, Zentrum für Kinder-, Jugend- und Frauenmedizin, Pädiatrie 5 (Pädiatrische Onkologie, Hämatologie, Immunologie), Stuttgart, Germany University of Medicine Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
Marc Münter Klinikum Stuttgart, Institute of Radiotherapy, Stuttgart, Germany
Beate Timmermann Department of Particle Therapy, University Hospital Essen, West German Proton Therapy Centre Essen (WPE), West German Cancer Centre (WTZ), West German, Germany German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Essen, Germany

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Barnbrock AE, Luckowitsch M, Schmidt S, Buus-Gehrig C, Koscher L, Becker M, Vokuhl C, Klingebiel T, Lehrnbecher T, Bochennek K. Progression and Relapse of Pediatric Soft Tissue Sarcoma: Individualized Approach of Treatment - Experience from a Major Pediatric Cancer Center in Europe. Klin Padiatr 2023;235:360-365. [PMID: 37494132 DOI: 10.1055/a-2103-2781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]

Koscielniak E, Timmermann B, Münter M, Weclawek-Tompol J, Ladenstein R, Niggli F, Ljungman G, Brecht IB, Blank B, Hallmen E, Scheer M, Fuchs J, Seitz G, Blattmann C, Sparber-Sauer M, Klingebiel T. Which Patients With Rhabdomyosarcoma Need Radiotherapy? Analysis of the Radiotherapy Strategies of the CWS-96 and CWS-2002P Studies and SoTiSaR Registry. J Clin Oncol 2023;41:4916-4926. [PMID: 37725766 DOI: 10.1200/jco.22.02673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open

Abstract

PURPOSE

To analyze and compare the indications, doses, and application methods of radiotherapy (RT) and their influence on prognosis of patients with localized rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS).

METHODS

One thousand four hundred seventy patients with localized RMS 21 years and younger entered on CWS-96, CWS-2002P, and SoTiSaR were eligible for the analysis. The median follow-up was 6.5 years (IQR, 3.3-9.5).

RESULTS

The 5-year event-free survival (EFS) and local control survival (LCS) for 910 (62%) irradiated versus nonirradiated patients were 71% versus 69% and 78% versus 73% (P = .03), respectively. Ninety-five percent of patients in IRS I (90% embryonal RMS [eRMS]) were nonirradiated (EFS, 87%). Irradiated patients with IRS II had improved LCS (91% v 80%; P = .01) and EFS (not significant). In IRS III, EFS and LCS were significantly better for RT patients: 71% versus 56% (P = 3.1e-06) and 76% versus 61% (P = 4.1e-07). Patients with tumors in the head and neck region (orbita, parameningeal, and nonparameningeal) and in other sites had significantly better EFS and LCS and in parameningeal also overall survival (OS). The efficacy of low RT doses of 32 Gy (hyperfractionated, accelerated RT [HART]) and 36 and 41.4 Gy (conventional fractionated RT [CFRT]) in the favorable groups and higher doses of 44.8 Gy (HART) and 50.4 and 55.4 Gy (CFRT) in the unfavorable groups was comparable. Proton RT was used predominantly in head/neck-parameningeal (HN-PM) tumors, with similar EFS and LCS to photon RT.

CONCLUSION

RT can be omitted in patients with IRS I eRMS. RT improves LCS and EFS in IRS II and III. RT improves OS in patients with HN-PM, with proton RT comparable with photon RT. Doses of 32 Gy (HART) or 36 and 41.4 Gy (CFRT) had comparable efficacy in patients with favorable risk profiles and 44.8 Gy (HART) or 50.4 and 55.8 Gy (CFRT) in the unfavorable groups.

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Affiliation(s)

Ewa Koscielniak Pediatrics 5 (Oncology, Hematology, Immunology), Klinikum Stuttgart, Olgahospital, Stuttgart, Germany Medical Faculty, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
Beate Timmermann West German Cancer Center (WTZ), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
Marc Münter Hospital for Radiation Oncology, Klinikum Stuttgart, Katharinenhospital, Stuttgart, Germany
Jadwiga Weclawek-Tompol Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and BMT, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
Ruth Ladenstein Pediatric Oncology, St Anna Kinderspital, Vienna, Austria
Felix Niggli Department of Pediatric Oncology, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
Gustaf Ljungman Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatric Oncology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Ines B Brecht Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
Bernd Blank Pediatrics 5 (Oncology, Hematology, Immunology), Klinikum Stuttgart, Olgahospital, Stuttgart, Germany
Erika Hallmen Pediatrics 5 (Oncology, Hematology, Immunology), Klinikum Stuttgart, Olgahospital, Stuttgart, Germany
Monika Scheer Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
Joerg Fuchs Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
Guido Seitz Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, University Hospital Giessen-Marburg, Marburg, Germany
Claudia Blattmann Pediatrics 5 (Oncology, Hematology, Immunology), Klinikum Stuttgart, Olgahospital, Stuttgart, Germany Medical Faculty, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
Monika Sparber-Sauer Pediatrics 5 (Oncology, Hematology, Immunology), Klinikum Stuttgart, Olgahospital, Stuttgart, Germany Medical Faculty, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
Thomas Klingebiel Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany

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Vennarini S, Colombo F, Mirandola A, Chiaravalli S, Orlandi E, Massimino M, Casanova M, Ferrari A. Clinical Insight on Proton Therapy for Paediatric Rhabdomyosarcoma. Cancer Manag Res 2023;15:1125-1139. [PMID: 37842128 PMCID: PMC10576457 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s362664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open

Setty BA, Gikandi A, DuBois SG. Ewing Sarcoma Drug Therapy: Current Standard of Care and Emerging Agents. Paediatr Drugs 2023:10.1007/s40272-023-00568-9. [PMID: 37014523 DOI: 10.1007/s40272-023-00568-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]

Bisogno G, Minard-Colin V, Zanetti I, Ferrari A, Gallego S, Dávila Fajardo R, Mandeville H, Kelsey A, Alaggio R, Orbach D, Terwisscha van Scheltinga S, Guillén Burrieza G, Ben-Arush M, Glosli H, Mudry P, Ferman S, Devalck C, Defachelles AS, Merks JHM, Jenney M. Nonmetastatic Rhabdomyosarcoma in Children and Adolescents: Overall Results of the European Pediatric Soft Tissue Sarcoma Study Group RMS2005 Study. J Clin Oncol 2023;41:2342-2349. [PMID: 36848614 DOI: 10.1200/jco.22.02093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open

Abstract

Clinical trials frequently include multiple end points that mature at different times. The initial report, typically based on the primary end point, may be published when key planned co-primary or secondary analyses are not yet available. Clinical Trial Updates provide an opportunity to disseminate additional results from studies, published in JCO or elsewhere, for which the primary end point has already been reported.The RMS2005 study included two phase III randomized trials for high-risk (HR) and observational trials for low (LR), standard (SR), and very high-risk (VHR) patients who have been partially reported. Herein, we present a comprehensive report of results achieved for the complete unselected nonmetastatic cohort and analyze the evolution of treatment in comparison with previous European protocols. After a median follow-up of 73.1 months, the 5-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) of the 1,733 patients enrolled were 70.7% (95% CI, 68.5 to 72.8) and 80.4% (95% CI, 78.4 to 82.3), respectively. The results by subgroup: LR (80 patients) EFS 93.7% (95% CI, 85.5 to 97.3), OS 96.7% (95% CI, 87.2 to 99.2); SR (652 patients) EFS 77.4% (95% CI, 73.9 to 80.5), OS 90.6% (95% CI, 87.9 to 92.7); HR (851 patients) EFS 67.3% (95% CI, 64.0 to 70.4), OS 76.7% (95% CI, 73.6 to 79.4); and VHR (150 patients) EFS 48.8% (95% CI, 40.4 to 56.7), OS 49.7% (95% CI, 40.8 to 57.9). The RMS2005 study demonstrated that 80% of children with localized rhabdomyosarcoma could be long-term survivors. The study has established the standard of care across the European pediatric Soft tissue sarcoma Study Group countries with the confirmation of a 22-week vincristine/actinomycin D regimen for LR patients, the reduction of the cumulative ifosfamide dose in the SR group, and for HR disease, the omission of doxorubicin and the addition of maintenance chemotherapy.

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Affiliation(s)

Gianni Bisogno Pediatric Hematology Oncology Division, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
Veronique Minard-Colin Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave-Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
Ilaria Zanetti Pediatric Hematology Oncology Division, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
Andrea Ferrari Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milano, Italy
Soledad Gallego Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
Raquel Dávila Fajardo Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Henry Mandeville Department of Radiotherapy, The Royal Marsden Hospital and The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
Anna Kelsey Department of Paediatric Histopathology, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
Rita Alaggio Pathology Unit, Department of Laboratories, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
Daniel Orbach SIREDO Oncology Center, Institut Curie, PSL University, Paris, France
Sheila Terwisscha van Scheltinga Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Gabriela Guillén Burrieza Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
Myriam Ben-Arush Rambam Medical Center, Joan and Sanford Weill Pediatric Hematology Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Division, Ruth Rappaport Children's Hospital, Haifa, Israel
Heidi Glosli Centre for Rare Disorders, Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Peter Mudry Pediatric Oncology, Department University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
Sima Ferman Pediatric Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Christine Devalck Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, HUDERF, ULB, HUB, Brussels, Belgium
Anne Sophie Defachelles Pediatric and AYA Oncology Unit, Oscar Lambret Center, Lille, France
Johannes Hendrikus Maria Merks Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands Division of Imaging and Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Meriel Jenney Department of Paediatric Oncology, Children's Hospital for Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom

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