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Wang G, Yang Y, Dong K, Hua A, Wang J, Liu J. Multisensory Conflict Impairs Cortico-Muscular Network Connectivity and Postural Stability: Insights from Partial Directed Coherence Analysis. Neurosci Bull 2024; 40:79-89. [PMID: 37989834 PMCID: PMC10774487 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01143-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensory conflict impacts postural control, yet its effect on cortico-muscular interaction remains underexplored. We aimed to investigate sensory conflict's influence on the cortico-muscular network and postural stability. We used a rotating platform and virtual reality to present subjects with congruent and incongruent sensory input, recorded EEG (electroencephalogram) and EMG (electromyogram) data, and constructed a directed connectivity network. The results suggest that, compared to sensory congruence, during sensory conflict: (1) connectivity among the sensorimotor, visual, and posterior parietal cortex generally decreases, (2) cortical control over the muscles is weakened, (3) feedback from muscles to the cortex is strengthened, and (4) the range of body sway increases and its complexity decreases. These results underline the intricate effects of sensory conflict on cortico-muscular networks. During the sensory conflict, the brain adaptively decreases the integration of conflicting information. Without this integrated information, cortical control over muscles may be lessened, whereas the muscle feedback may be enhanced in compensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozheng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Taizhou Key Laboratory of Medical Devices and Advanced Materials, Research Institute of Zhejiang University-Taizhou, Taizhou, 318000, China
- Department of Sports Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Sports Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kangli Dong
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Anke Hua
- Department of Sports Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Sports Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Center for Psychological Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Taizhou Key Laboratory of Medical Devices and Advanced Materials, Research Institute of Zhejiang University-Taizhou, Taizhou, 318000, China.
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Simoneau M, Pialasse JP, Mercier P, Blouin JS. Adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis show decreased intermuscular coherence in lumbar paraspinal muscles: a new pathophysiological perspective. Clin Neurophysiol 2022; 138:38-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2022.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Bourguignon M, Jousmäki V, Dalal SS, Jerbi K, De Tiège X. Coupling between human brain activity and body movements: Insights from non-invasive electromagnetic recordings. Neuroimage 2019; 203:116177. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Qiu Q, Cao L, Hao D, Yang L, Hillstrom R, Zheng D. Muscle Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Stimulation Eliminates the Effect of Fatigue on EEG-EMG Coherence during the Lateral Raise Task: A Pilot Quantitative Investigation. Biomed Res Int 2018; 2018:7673068. [PMID: 30079351 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7673068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to quantitatively investigate the effects of force load, muscle fatigue, and extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic stimulation on electroencephalography- (EEG-) electromyography (EMG) coherence during right arm lateral raise task. Eighteen healthy male subjects were recruited. EEG and EMG signals were simultaneously recorded from each subject while three different loads (0, 1, and 3kg) were added on the forearm. ELF magnetic stimulation was applied to the subject's deltoid muscle between tasks during the resting period. Univariate ANOVA showed that all EEG-EMG coherence areas of C3, C4, CP5, and CP6 were not significantly affected by the force load (all p>0.05) and that muscle fatigue led to statistically significant reductions on the coherence area of gamma band in C3 (p=0.014) and CP5 (p=0.019). More interestingly, these statistically significant reductions disappeared with the application of muscle ELF magnetic stimulation, indicating its potential application to eliminate the effect of fatigue.
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Maezawa H, Mima T, Yazawa S, Matsuhashi M, Shiraishi H, Funahashi M. Cortico-muscular synchronization by proprioceptive afferents from the tongue muscles during isometric tongue protrusion. Neuroimage 2016; 128:284-292. [PMID: 26774611 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tongue movements contribute to oral functions including swallowing, vocalizing, and breathing. Fine tongue movements are regulated through efferent and afferent connections between the cortex and tongue. It has been demonstrated that cortico-muscular coherence (CMC) is reflected at two frequency bands during isometric tongue protrusions: the beta (β) band at 15-35Hz and the low-frequency band at 2-10Hz. The CMC at the β band (β-CMC) reflects motor commands from the primary motor cortex (M1) to the tongue muscles through hypoglossal motoneuron pools. However, the generator mechanism of the CMC at the low-frequency band (low-CMC) remains unknown. Here, we evaluated the mechanism of low-CMC during isometric tongue protrusion using magnetoencephalography (MEG). Somatosensory evoked fields (SEFs) were also recorded following electrical tongue stimulation. Significant low-CMC and β-CMC were observed over both hemispheres for each side of the tongue. Time-domain analysis showed that the MEG signal followed the electromyography signal for low-CMC, which was contrary to the finding that the MEG signal preceded the electromyography signal for β-CMC. The mean conduction time from the tongue to the cortex was not significantly different between the low-CMC (mean, 80.9ms) and SEFs (mean, 71.1ms). The cortical sources of low-CMC were located significantly posterior (mean, 10.1mm) to the sources of β-CMC in M1, but were in the same area as tongue SEFs in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1). These results reveal that the low-CMC may be driven by proprioceptive afferents from the tongue muscles to S1, and that the oscillatory interaction was derived from each side of the tongue to both hemispheres. Oscillatory proprioceptive feedback from the tongue muscles may aid in the coordination of sophisticated tongue movements in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Maezawa
- Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Mima
- Human Brain Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Graduate School of Core Ethics and Frontier Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8577, Japan
| | - Shogo Yazawa
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masao Matsuhashi
- Human Brain Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hideaki Shiraishi
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Makoto Funahashi
- Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
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Nishiyori R, Bisconti S, Ulrich B. Motor Cortex Activity During Functional Motor Skills: An fNIRS Study. Brain Topogr 2016; 29:42-55. [PMID: 26243304 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-015-0443-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Assessments of brain activity during motor task performance have been limited to fine motor movements due to technological constraints presented by traditional neuroimaging techniques, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) offers a promising method by which to overcome these constraints and investigate motor performance of functional motor tasks. The current study used fNIRS to quantify hemodynamic responses within the primary motor cortex in twelve healthy adults as they performed unimanual right, unimanual left, and bimanual reaching, and stepping in place. Results revealed that during both unimanual reaching tasks, the contralateral hemisphere showed significant activation in channels located approximately 3 cm medial to the C3 (for right-hand reach) and C4 (for left-hand reach) landmarks. Bimanual reaching and stepping showed activation in similar channels, which were located bilaterally across the primary motor cortex. The medial channels, surrounding Cz, showed significantly higher activations during stepping when compared to bimanual reaching. Our results extend the viability of fNIRS to study motor function and build a foundation for future investigation of motor development in infants during nascent functional behaviors and monitor how they may change with age or practice.
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Maezawa H, Mima T, Yazawa S, Matsuhashi M, Shiraishi H, Hirai Y, Funahashi M. Contralateral dominance of corticomuscular coherence for both sides of the tongue during human tongue protrusion: An MEG study. Neuroimage 2014; 101:245-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Lim M, Kim JS, Kim M, Chung CK. Ascending beta oscillation from finger muscle to sensorimotor cortex contributes to enhanced steady-state isometric contraction in humans. Clin Neurophysiol 2014; 125:2036-45. [PMID: 24618217 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE β-Band corticomuscular coherence is suggested as an electrophysiological mechanism that contributes to sensorimotor functioning in the maintenance of steady-state contractions. Converging evidence suggests that not only the descending corticospinal pathway but the ascending sensory feedback pathway is involved in the generation of β-band corticomuscular coherence. The present study aimed to investigate which pathway, descending vs. ascending, contributes more to the stability of muscle contraction, especially for human intrinsic hand muscles. METHODS In this study, we assessed directed transfer function (DTF) between magnetoencephalography signals over the sensorimotor cortex (SMC) and rectified electromyographic (EMG) signals recorded during steady-state isometric contraction of the right thumb muscle (flexor pollicis brevis, FPB) or right little finger muscle (flexor digiti minimi brevis, FDMB) in 15 right-handed healthy subjects. RESULTS β-Band DTF was statistically significant in both descending (SMC→EMG) and ascending (EMG→SMC) directions, and mean phase delays for each direction were in agreement with the conduction time for the descending corticospinal and ascending sensory feedback pathways. The strengths of the β-band DTF (EMG→SMC direction) were greater in the FPB muscle than in the FDMB muscle, while the strengths of the β-band DTF (SMC→EMG direction) were not different between the two muscles. Moreover, the β-band DTF (EMG→SMC direction) was greater in the "Stable" period than in the "Less Stable" period within the FDMB muscle. Greater DTF (EMG→SMC direction) was positively associated with the stability of muscle contraction. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that ascending β-band oscillatory activity may promote a steady-state isometric contraction by efficiently transmitting sensory feedback from finger muscles to the sensorimotor cortex. SIGNIFICANCE The results show the differential contribution of the ascending part of the corticomuscular network depending on the functional organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manyoel Lim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, 151-742 Seoul, South Korea; MEG Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 110-744 Seoul, South Korea
| | - June Sic Kim
- MEG Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 110-744 Seoul, South Korea; Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, 110-744 Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minaeh Kim
- MEG Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 110-744 Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chun Kee Chung
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, 151-742 Seoul, South Korea; MEG Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 110-744 Seoul, South Korea; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, 151-742 Seoul, South Korea.
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Marsden J, Hough A, Shum G, Shaw S, Freeman J. Deep abdominal muscle activity following supratentorial stroke. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2013; 23:985-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2013.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Piitulainen H, Bourguignon M, De Tiège X, Hari R, Jousmäki V. Coherence between magnetoencephalography and hand-action-related acceleration, force, pressure, and electromyogram. Neuroimage 2013; 72:83-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Revised: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Bourguignon M, Jousmäki V, Marty B, Wens V, Op de Beeck M, Van Bogaert P, Nouali M, Metens T, Lubicz B, Lefranc F, Bruneau M, De Witte O, Goldman S, De Tiège X. Comprehensive Functional Mapping Scheme for Non-Invasive Primary Sensorimotor Cortex Mapping. Brain Topogr 2013; 26:511-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s10548-012-0271-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/15/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Muthuraman M, Tamás G, Hellriegel H, Deuschl G, Raethjen J. Source analysis of beta-synchronisation and cortico-muscular coherence after movement termination based on high resolution electroencephalography. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33928. [PMID: 22470495 PMCID: PMC3309938 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Accepted: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that post-movement beta synchronization (PMBS) and cortico-muscular coherence (CMC) during movement termination relate to each other and have similar role in sensorimotor integration. We calculated the parameters and estimated the sources of these phenomena. We measured 64-channel EEG simultaneously with surface EMG of the right first dorsal interosseus muscle in 11 healthy volunteers. In Task1, subjects kept a medium-strength contraction continuously; in Task2, superimposed on this movement, they performed repetitive self-paced short contractions. In Task3 short contractions were executed alone. Time-frequency analysis of the EEG and CMC was performed with respect to the offset of brisk movements and averaged in each subject. Sources of PMBS and CMC were also calculated. High beta power in Task1, PMBS in Task2-3, and CMC in Task1-2 could be observed in the same individual frequency bands. While beta synchronization in Task1 and PMBS in Task2-3 appeared bilateral with contralateral predominance, CMC in Task1-2 was strictly a unilateral phenomenon; their main sources did not differ contralateral to the movement in the primary sensorimotor cortex in 7 of 11 subjects in Task1, and in 6 of 9 subjects in Task2. In Task2, CMC and PMBS had the same latency but their amplitudes did not correlate with each other. In Task2, weaker PMBS source was found bilaterally within the secondary sensory cortex, while the second source of CMC was detected in the premotor cortex, contralateral to the movement. In Task3, weaker sources of PMBS could be estimated in bilateral supplementary motor cortex and in the thalamus. PMBS and CMC appear simultaneously at the end of a phasic movement possibly suggesting similar antikinetic effects, but they may be separate processes with different active functions. Whereas PMBS seems to reset the supraspinal sensorimotor network, cortico-muscular coherence may represent the recalibration of cortico-motoneuronal and spinal systems.
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Lim M, Kim JS, Chung CK. Oscillatory interaction between the hand area of human primary motor cortex and finger muscles during steady-state isometric contraction. Clin Neurophysiol 2011; 122:2246-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2011.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2010] [Revised: 02/27/2011] [Accepted: 03/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Bourguignon M, De Tiège X, Op de Beeck M, Pirotte B, Van Bogaert P, Goldman S, Hari R, Jousmäki V. Functional motor-cortex mapping using corticokinematic coherence. Neuroimage 2011; 55:1475-9. [PMID: 21256222 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2010] [Revised: 11/25/2010] [Accepted: 01/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a novel method, corticokinematic coherence (CKC), for functional mapping of the motor cortex by computing coherence between cortical magnetoencephalographic (MEG) signals and the kinematics of voluntary movements. Ten subjects performed self-paced flexion-extensions of the right-hand fingers at about 3 Hz, with a three-axis accelerometer attached to the index finger. Cross-correlogram and coherence spectra were computed between 306 MEG channels and the accelerometer signals. In all subjects, accelerometer and coherence spectra showed peaks around 3-5 Hz and 6-10 Hz, corresponding to the movement frequencies. The coherence was statistically significant (P<0.05) in all subjects, with sources at the hand area of the primary motor cortex contralateral to the movement. CKC appears to be a promising and robust method for reliable and convenient functional mapping of the human motor cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Bourguignon
- Laboratoire de Cartographie Fonctionnelle du Cerveau, ULB-Hôpital Erasme, Bruxelles, Belgium.
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Stepp CE, Hillman RE, Heaton JT. Use of neck strap muscle intermuscular coherence as an indicator of vocal hyperfunction. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2010; 18:329-35. [PMID: 20083462 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2009.2039605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Intermuscular coherence in the beta band was explored as a possible indicator of vocal hyperfunction, a common condition associated with many voice disorders. Surface electromyography (sEMG) was measured from two electrodes on the anterior neck surface of 18 individuals with vocal nodules and 18 individuals with healthy normal voice. Coherence was calculated from sEMG activity gathered while participants produced both read and spontaneous speech. There was no significant effect of speech type on average coherence. Individuals with vocal nodules showed significantly lower mean coherence in the beta band (15-35 Hz) when compared to controls. Results suggest that bilateral EMG-EMG beta coherence in neck strap muscle during speech production shows promise as an indicator of vocal hyperfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara E Stepp
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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Sağlam M, Matsunaga K, Murayama N, Hayashida Y, Huang YZ, Nakanishi R. Parallel inhibition of cortico-muscular synchronization and cortico-spinal excitability by theta burst TMS in humans. Clin Neurophysiol 2008; 119:2829-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2008.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2008] [Revised: 08/21/2008] [Accepted: 09/08/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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17
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Yao J, Dewald JPA. Cortico-muscular communication during the generation of static shoulder abduction torque in upper limb following stroke. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2008; 2006:181-4. [PMID: 17946799 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2006.259312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we introduced a new index, namely overlap index, to quantify the spatial resolution of cortical activity for muscle coordination based on the measurement of EEG-EMG coherence during a motor task. By applying this index on 4 control and 4 hemisphere chronic stroke subjects we successfully identified that there is a significantly increased overlap between biceps brachii at the elbow and intermediate deltoids at the shoulder when stroke subjects generating a static shoulder abduction torque. Muscles that have increased overlap in cortex are consistent with those that coactivate abnormally in stroke when compared to control subjects. These results not only proof the effectiveness of this index in quantifying the spatial resolution of cortical activity but also point out that the reduced spatial resolution of muscle activity in cortex can be a reason for the abnormal muscle coactivation observed in impaired arms following stroke. Quantification of the cortical overlap index will provide us with new tools to test for the modifiability of the nervous system following clinical interventions. This work will be an important step toward our long-term goal of developing more effective rehabilitation techniques for the treatment of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yao
- Dept. of Physical Therapy & Human Movement Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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Babiloni C, Vecchio F, Bares M, Brazdil M, Nestrasil I, Eusebi F, Maria Rossini P, Rektor I. Functional coupling between anterior prefrontal cortex (BA10) and hand muscle contraction during intentional and imitative motor acts. Neuroimage 2008; 39:1314-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2007] [Revised: 09/13/2007] [Accepted: 09/25/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Mat Safri N, Murayama N, Hayashida Y, Igasaki T. Effects of concurrent visual tasks on cortico-muscular synchronization in humans. Brain Res 2007; 1155:81-92. [PMID: 17512919 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2007.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2007] [Revised: 04/11/2007] [Accepted: 04/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To study the effects of external visual stimulation on motor cortex-muscle synchronization, coherence between electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) was measured in normal subjects under Before, Task (visual task: Ignore or Count, or arithmetic task) and After conditions. The control (Before and After) conditions required the subject to maintain first dorsal interosseous muscle contraction without visual stimulation. In the visual task, a random series of visual stimuli were displayed on a screen while the subjects maintained the muscle contraction. The subjects were asked to ignore the stimuli in the Ignore condition and to count certain stimuli in the Count condition. Also, in the arithmetic task, the subjects were asked to perform a simple subtraction. The EEG-EMG coherence found at C(3) site at 13-30 Hz (beta) was increased and sustained in magnitude during the Ignore and Count conditions, respectively. To examine the cause of the change of coherence, changes of EEG and EMG spectral power were computed for each frequency band. There was little change in the EMG spectral power in any frequency bands. While the spectral power of EEG unchanged in the beta band, it significantly increased and decreased in the range of 8-12 Hz and of 31-50 Hz, respectively, for both Ignore and Count conditions, not only at the C(3) site but at various sites as well. These results were in contrast to those obtained for the arithmetic task: the beta band EEG-EMG coherence was attenuated and the EEG spectral power at 4-7 Hz and at 31-50 Hz were significantly increased and decreased, respectively. As a conclusion, the present results are consistent with the idea that the enhanced 8-12 Hz/decreased 31-50 Hz oscillations affect strength of the beta band cortico-muscular synchronization by suppressing the visual processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norlaili Mat Safri
- Department of Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kurokami 2-39-1, Kumamoto, Japan
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Abstract
Human neck muscles have a complex multi-layered architecture. The role and neural control of these neck muscles were examined in nine seated subjects performing three series of isometric neck muscle contractions: 50-N contractions in eight fixed horizontal directions, 25-N contractions, and 50-N contractions, both with a continuously changing horizontal force direction. Activity in the left sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, levator scapulae, splenius capitis, semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, and multifidus muscles was measured with wire electrodes inserted at the C(4)/C(5) level under ultrasound guidance. We hypothesized that deep and superficial neck muscles would function as postural and focal muscles, respectively, and would thus be controlled by different neural signals. To test these hypotheses, electromyographic (EMG) tuning curves and correlations in the temporal and frequency domains were computed. Three main results emerged from these analyses: EMG tuning curves from all muscles exhibited well-defined preferred directions of activation for the 50-N isometric forces, larger contractions (25 vs. 50 N) yielded more focused EMG tuning curves, and agonist neck muscles from all layers received a common neural drive in the range of 10-15 Hz. The current results demonstrate that all neck muscles can exhibit phasic activity during isometric neck muscle contractions. Similar oscillations in the EMG of neck muscles from different layers further suggest that neck motoneurons were activated by common neurons. The reticular formation appears a likely generator of the common drive to the neck motoneurons due to its widespread projections to different groups of neck motoneurons.
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Safri NM, Murayama N, Igasaki T, Hayashida Y. Effects of visual stimulation on cortico-spinal coherence during isometric hand contraction in humans. Int J Psychophysiol 2006; 61:288-93. [PMID: 16644045 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2006.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2005] [Revised: 02/22/2006] [Accepted: 03/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The effects of visual stimuli on cortico-spinal synchronization were investigated by measuring the coherence between electroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyogram (EMG) during isometric contraction of the first dorsal interosseous muscle of the right hand. Because a spinal motoneuron and the corresponding muscle fibers form a motor unit with one-to-one correspondence of their action potentials, the EMG indirectly measures the activity of the corresponding spinal neuronal group. The tasks were isometric contraction (Control condition); and isometric contraction with concurrent ignoring of visual stimuli (VS condition). By comparing the Control and VS conditions, the following results were obtained. The coherence increased significantly in magnitude, but was unchanged in frequency range (beta band) and scalp location; the EEG and EMG spectral power in the beta band were unchanged in amplitude; and the alpha and gamma bands of EEG spectral power were significantly increased and decreased, respectively. These findings suggest that the cortico-muscular coherence reflects the cognitive effort needed to maintain isometric muscle contraction. When visual stimuli need to be ignored, the cognitive effort and cortico-spinal coherence are enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norlaili Mat Safri
- Department of Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kurokami 2-39-1, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
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Stancak A, Raij TT, Pohja M, Forss N, Hari R. Oscillatory motor cortex–muscle coupling during painful laser and nonpainful tactile stimulation. Neuroimage 2005; 26:793-800. [PMID: 15955489 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2004] [Revised: 01/31/2005] [Accepted: 02/25/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Noxious stimulation activates-in addition to the brain structures related to sensory, emotional, and cognitive components of pain-also the brain's motor system. Effect of noxious input on the primary motor (MI) cortex remains, however, poorly understood. To characterize this effect in more detail, we quantified the ongoing oscillatory communication between the MI cortex and hand muscles during selectively noxious laser stimulation. The subjects maintained an isometric contraction of finger muscles while receiving the laser stimuli to the dorsum of the hand. Tactile stimuli with well-known effects on the MI cortex reactivity served as control stimuli. Cortex-muscle coherence was computed between magnetoencephalographic (MEG) signals from the contralateral MI and electromyographic (EMG) signals from the hand muscles. Statistically significant coherence at approximately 20 Hz was found in 6 out of 7 subjects. The coherence increased phasically after both types of stimuli but significantly later after laser than tactile stimuli (mean +/- SEM peak latencies 1.05 +/- 0.12 s vs. 0.58 +/- 0.06 s; P < 0.05), and the coherence increase lasted longer after laser than tactile stimuli (0.87 +/- 0.09 s vs. 0.50 +/- 0.06 s, P < 0.05). The observed coherence increase could be related to stabilization of the motor-cortex control after sensory input. Our findings add to the clinically interesting evidence about the cortical pain-motor system interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Stancak
- Brain Research Unit, Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland.
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Abstract
Cortex-muscle coherence is a frequency-analysis technique that has been increasingly applied in the investigation of movement disorders. To study the intra- and inter-session stability of the cortex-muscle coherence, we recorded from 12 healthy subjects magnetoencephalographic (MEG) and surface electromyographic (EMG) signals during unilateral isometric contractions of the left- and right-hand muscles. Two identical measurements were performed during one session, and the session was repeated once after about 1 year. In one experienced subject, the recordings were repeated seven times within 20 months. The MEG-EMG coherence exceeded the noise level in 10 out of 12 subjects. Both the frequency (correlation coefficient r = 0.77-0.93, P < 0.01) and strength (r = 0.78-0.91, P < 0.01) of coherence were well reproducible within each session for both left- and right-sided contractions. The inter-session reproducibility was high for the mean of cumulative coherence frequency (r = 0.90-0.95, P < 0.01), but relatively low for coherence strength (r = 0.43-0.59, P > 0.05). The results for one subject participating in 8 repeated sessions strongly supported the results of the whole group. Thus, intra-session reproducibility of both strength and frequency of the cortex-muscle coherence is good and studies comparing different conditions at the group level within one session are feasible. However, caution is needed when interpreting absolute levels or changes in the strength of coherence in single subjects between the sessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjatta Pohja
- Brain Research Unit, Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, PO Box 2200, FIN-02015 HUT, Espoo, Finland.
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Dobkin BH, Firestine A, West M, Saremi K, Woods R. Ankle dorsiflexion as an fMRI paradigm to assay motor control for walking during rehabilitation. Neuroimage 2004; 23:370-81. [PMID: 15325385 PMCID: PMC4164211 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2004] [Revised: 05/21/2004] [Accepted: 06/01/2004] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to walk independently with the velocity and endurance that permit home and community activities is a highly regarded goal for neurological rehabilitation after stroke. This pilot study explored a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activation paradigm for its ability to reflect phases of motor learning over the course of locomotor rehabilitation-mediated functional gains. Ankle dorsiflexion is an important kinematic aspect of the swing and initial stance phase of the gait cycle. The motor control of dorsiflexion depends in part on descending input from primary motor cortex. Thus, an fMRI activation paradigm using voluntary ankle dorsiflexion has face validity for the serial study of walking-related interventions. Healthy control subjects consistently engaged contralateral primary sensorimotor cortex (S1M1), supplementary motor area (SMA), premotor (PM) and cingulate motor (CMA) cortices, and ipsilateral cerebellum. Four adults with chronic hemiparetic stroke evolved practice-induced representational plasticity associated with gains in speed, endurance, motor control, and kinematics for walking. For example, an initial increase in activation within the thoracolumbar muscle representation of S1M1 in these subjects was followed by more focused activity toward the foot representation with additional pulses of training. Contralateral CMA and the secondary sensory area also reflected change with practice and gains. We demonstrate that the supraspinal sensorimotor network for the neural control of walking can be assessed indirectly by ankle dorsiflexion. The ankle paradigm may serve as an ongoing physiological assay of the optimal type, duration, and intensity of rehabilitative gait training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce H Dobkin
- Department of Neurology, Reed Neurologic Research Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Grosse P, Brown P. Chapter 60 Corticomuscular and intermuscular frequency analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 57:570-6. [PMID: 16106658 DOI: 10.1016/s1567-424x(09)70396-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Grosse
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
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Abstract
Oscillations of the motor cortex interact with similar activity of the spinal motoneuron pool in the 15-30 Hertz frequency range. Recent observations have demonstrated how this interaction affects the firing of single corticospinal neurons. The interaction, reflected as corticomuscular coherence, occurs for both distal and proximal muscles and it constitutes one connection in a larger web of oscillatory interactions, including several other motor areas in the cortex, thalamus, and cerebellum. New results cast light on the possible functional significance of this interaction. The rhythmic interaction may reveal interesting information in several motor disorders, including essential tremor, Parkinson's disease, myoclonus epilepsy, and mirror movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Salenius
- Brain Research Unit, Helsinki University of Technology, 02740 Espoo, Finland
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Affiliation(s)
- P Grosse
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders (Box 146), Institute of Neurology, Queen Square 8-11, 2nd floor, London WC1 3BG, UK
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