Genetic susceptibility of postmenopausal osteoporosis on sulfide quinone reductase-like gene

RNA sequencing-based approaches to identifying disulfidptosis-related diagnostic clusters and immune landscapes in osteoporosis

Disulfidptosis, a newly recognized cell death triggered by disulfide stress, has garnered attention for its potential role in osteoporosis (OP) pathogenesis. Although sulfide-related proteins are reported to regulate the balance of bone metabolism in OP, the precise involvement of disulfidptosis regulators remains elusive. Herein, leveraging the GSE56815 dataset, we conducted an analysis to delineate disulfidptosis-associated diagnostic clusters and immune landscapes in OP. Subsequently, vertebral bone tissues obtained from OP patients and controls were subjected to RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) for the validation of key disulfidptosis gene expression. Our analysis unveiled seven significant disulfidptosis regulators, including FLNA, ACTB, PRDX1, SLC7A11, NUBPL, OXSM, and RAC1, distinguishing OP samples from controls. Furthermore, employing a random forest model, we identified four diagnostic disulfidptosis regulators including FLNA, SLC7A11, NUBPL, and RAC1 potentially predictive of OP risk. A nomogram model integrating these four regulators was constructed and validated using the GSE35956 dataset, demonstrating promising utility in clinical decision-making, as affirmed by decision curve analysis. Subsequent consensus clustering analysis stratified OP samples into two different disulfidptosis subgroups (clusters A and B) using significant disulfidptosis regulators, with cluster B exhibiting higher disulfidptosis scores and implicating monocyte immunity, closely linked to osteoclastogenesis. Notably, RNA-seq analysis corroborated the expression patterns of two disulfidptosis modulators, PRDX1 and OXSM, consistent with bioinformatics predictions. Collectively, our study sheds light on disulfidptosis patterns, offering potential markers and immunotherapeutic avenues for future OP management.

Resveratrol induces proliferation and differentiation of mouse pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 by promoting autophagy

BACKGROUND

In mouse, it was discovered that resveratrol (Res) enhanced osteoporosis (OP) by boosting osteogenesis. Besides, Res can also have an impact on MC3T3-E1 cells, which are crucial for the control of osteogenesis and thus increase osteogenesis. Although some articles have discovered that Res enhanced autophagy to promote the value-added differentiation of MC3T3, it is unclear exactly how this affects the process of osteogenesis in mouse. Therefore, we will show that Res encourages MC3T3-E1 proliferation and differentiation in mouse pre-osteoblasts and further investigate the autophagy-related mechanism for this impact.

METHODS

(1) MC3T3-E1 cells were separated into blank control group and various concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 100µmol/L) of group in order to determine the ideal Res concentration. In the Res group, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to measure the proliferation activity of pre-osteoblasts in mice in each group after resveratrol intervention. Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red staining were used to gauge the degree of osteogenic differentiation, and RT-qPCR was used to measure the expression levels of Runx2 and OCN in the osteogenic differentiation ability of the cells. (2) In the experiment, four groups were set up: the control group, 3MA group, Res group, and Res + 3MA group. To examine cell mineralization, ALP and alizarin red staining were utilized. RT-qPCR and Western blot detection of cell autophagy activity levels and osteogenic differentiation capacity in each group following intervention.

RESULTS

(1) Resveratrol might increase the number of mice pre-osteoblast, with the impact being most pronounced at 10µmol/L (P < 0.05). The nodules developed substantially more often than in the blank control group, and Runx2 and OCN expressions significantly increased (P < 0.05). (2) In contrast to the Res group, after 3MA purine blocked autophagy, the Res + 3MA group's alkaline phosphatase staining and the development of mineralized nodules were reduced. Runx2, OCN, LC3II / LC3I expression decreased, p62 expression increased (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

The present study partially or indirectly demonstrated that Res may, through increased autophagy, induce osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells.

Identification of a potential diagnostic signature for postmenopausal osteoporosis via transcriptome analysis

Purpose: We aimed to establish the transcriptome diagnostic signature of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) to identify diagnostic biomarkers and score patient risk to prevent and treat PMOP.

Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) expression data from PMOP patients were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using the “limma” package. The “WGCNA” package was used for a weighted gene co-expression network analysis to identify the gene modules associated with bone mineral density (BMD). Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to construct a diagnostic signature, and its predictive ability was verified in the discovery cohort. The diagnostic values of potential biomarkers were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and coefficient analysis. Network pharmacology was used to predict the candidate therapeutic molecules. PBMCs from 14 postmenopausal women with normal BMD and 14 with low BMD were collected, and RNA was extracted for RT-qPCR validation.

Results: We screened 2420 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the pilot cohort, and WGCNA showed that the blue module was most closely related to BMD. Based on the genes in the blue module, we constructed a diagnostic signature with 15 genes, and its ability to predict the risk of osteoporosis was verified in the discovery cohort. RT-qPCR verified the expression of potential biomarkers and showed a strong correlation with BMD. The functional annotation results of the DEGs showed that the diagnostic signature might affect the occurrence and development of PMOP through multiple biological pathways. In addition, 5 candidate molecules related to diagnostic signatures were screened out.

Conclusion: Our diagnostic signature can effectively predict the risk of PMOP, with potential application for clinical decisions and drug candidate selection.

Effects of Pamidronate Disodium Combined with Calcium on BMD Values and Severity of Pain in Elderly Patients with Osteoporosis Based on Mobile Terminal Platform for Internet of Things

Objective

To explore the effects of pamidronate disodium combined with calcium on BMD values and the severity of pain in elderly patients with osteoporosis based on the mobile terminal platform for the Internet of Things.

Methods

The data of 120 patients admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the patients' condition and medication wills, they were divided into the experimental group (n = 68) and the control group (n = 52). All patients were given chronic disease management based on the mobile terminals for the Internet of Things, and they received the treatment of bisphosphonates and calcium, with the supplement of calcium at a daily dose of 1000 mg. The control group was given alendronate sodium once a week, and the experimental group was given pamidronate disodium by intravenous infusion three times a month, with the treatment cycle as 1 year. The patients' bone mineral density (BMD) values and the pain indexes were compared after treatment.

Results

There was no statistical difference in general information between the two groups (p > 0.05). The BMD values of the lumbar vertebrae L_2-4, total hip, and femur neck at 6 months and 1 year after treatment in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.001). The pain scores at 6 months and 1 year after treatment in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The treatment of pamidronate disodium combined with calcium based on the mobile terminal platform for the Internet of Things can reduce the severity of pain in elderly patients with osteoporosis and improve the BMD, which has a generalization value.

A Resourceful Race: Bacterial Scavenging of Host Sulfur Metabolism during Colonization

Sulfur is a requirement for life. Therefore, both the host and colonizing bacteria must regulate sulfur metabolism in a coordinated fashion to meet cellular demands. The host environment is a rich source of organic and inorganic sulfur metabolites that are utilized in critical physiological processes such as redox homeostasis and cellular signaling. As such, modulating enzymes dedicated to sulfur metabolite biosynthesis plays a vital role in host fitness. This is exemplified from a molecular standpoint through layered regulation of this machinery at the transcriptional, translational, and posttranslational levels. With such a diverse metabolite pool available, pathogens and symbionts have evolved multiple mechanisms to exploit sulfur reservoirs to ensure propagation within the host. Indeed, characterization of sulfur transporters has revealed that bacteria employ multiple tactics to acquire ideal sulfur sources, such as cysteine and its derivatives. However, bacteria that employ acquisition strategies targeting multiple sulfur sources complicate in vivo studies that investigate how specific sulfur metabolites support proliferation. Furthermore, regulatory systems controlling the bacterial sulfur regulon are also multifaceted. This too creates an interesting challenge for in vivo work focused on bacterial regulation of sulfur metabolism in response to the host. This review examines the importance of sulfur at the host-bacterium interface and the elegant studies conducted to define this interaction.

miRNA Let-7a-5p targets RNA KCNQ1OT1 and Participates in Osteoblast Differentiation to Improve the Development of Osteoporosis

It is known that miRNA mediates the formation of osteogenesis, but the mechanism by which miRNA let-7a-5p regulates osteogenesis in osteoporosis (OP) is not yet understood. This paper aims to probe into the regulatory mechanism of miRNA let-7a-5p in the development of OP. Fresh femoral trabecular bones of patients with osteoporotic fracture (OP group, n = 25) and non-OP osteoarthritis (Non-OP group, n = 23) who underwent hip replacement in our hospital from December 2016 to December 2019 were collected. The expression and protein levels of miRNA let-7a-5p and V-AKT murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 3 (RNA KCNQ1OT1) were detected. C2C12 cells were purchased and osteogenic differentiation model was constructed by BMP2 induction. After miRNA let-7a-5p up-regulation or down-regulation by transfection of corresponding mimics and inhibitors, the impacts of miRNA let-7a-5p and RNA KCNQ1OT1 on osteogenic differentiation-related factors (OC, ALP, COL1A1) in C2C12 cells were analyzed. The determination of targeting correlation of miRNA let-7a-5p with RNA KCNQ1OT1 was performed by dual-luciferase reporter (DLR). In OP samples, miRNA let-7a-5p was notably declined while RNA KCNQ1OT1 were remarkably up-regulated. MiRNA let-7a-5p reduced in C2C12 cells as BMP2 treatment proceeded. MiRNA let-7a-5p up-regulation or RNA KCNQ1OT1 down-regulation increased OC, ALP, COL1A1 levels and ALP activity. RNA KCNQ1OT1 was directly targeted to miR-497-5p. RNA KCNQ1OT1 up-regulation weakened the promoting effect of miRNA let-7a-5p up-regulation on osteoblast differentiation. MiRNA let-7a-5p up-regulation can target to reduce RNA KCNQ1OT1 and promote osteoblast differentiation, thereby improving the development of osteoporosis.

Efficacy and safety of Xianling Gubao capsule in treating postmenopausal osteoporosis: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND

postmenopausal osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic skeletal disease associated with menopause-related estrogen withdrawal. postmenopausal osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass, bone microstructure destruction, leading to increased bone brittleness and be prone to fracture, resulting in disability and death. At present, the commonly used drugs are estrogen, calcium, bone formation promoter and bone resorption inhibitor, and the side effects are obvious. In Traditional Chinese medicine, kidney-tonifying differentiating medicine is guided by the whole concept, Xianling Gubao capsule as the representative, the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis has certain therapeutic advantages, but lacks evidence-based medicine evidence. The purpose of this study is to systematically study the efficacy and safety of Xianling Gubao capsule in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

METHODS

use computer to search English databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library) and Chinese databases (China Knowledge Network, Wanfang, Weipu, Chinese Biomedical Database), in addition manually search Baidu academic, Google academic, from the establishment of database to October 2020, for randomized controlled clinical study of postmenopausal osteoporosis in the Xianling Gubao capsule treatment. Two researchers independently did the data extraction and literature quality evaluation, using RevMan5.3 software to do meta-analysis of the included literature.

RESULTS

this study assessed the efficacy and safety of xianling gubao capsule in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis by total effective rate, bone density after treatment, blood calcium level after treatment, blood phosphorus level after treatment, pain score, quality of life and so on.

CONCLUSION

this study will provide reliable evidence-based evidence for the clinical application of Xianling Gubao capsule in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER

DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/TP394.

Silencing long noncoding RNA colon cancer-associated transcript-1 upregulates microRNA-34a-5p to promote proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts in osteoporosis

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been revealed to be related to multiple physiological and pathology processes such as development, carcinogenesis, and osteogenesis. It is reported that lncRNAs might exert function in osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. Here, we determined this study to clarify whether lncRNA CCAT1 could regulate osteoblast proliferation and differentiation in ovariectomized rats with osteoporosis. The osteoporosis models were established by bilateral ovariectomy and treated with CCAT1 siRNAs to discuss the effect of CCAT1 on pathological changes and osteocyte apoptosis in ovariectomized rats with osteoporosis. The osteoblasts from ovariectomized rats were cultured in vitro, which were then treated with CCAT1 siRNAs to explore the role of CCAT1 in osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. Moreover, the relationships among CCAT1, miR-34a-5p, and SMURF2 were confirmed. CCAT1 and SMURF2 were amplified while miR-34a-5p expression was inhibited in bone tissues and osteoblasts of ovariectomized rats with osteoporosis. Inhibited CCAT1 improved pathology and restricted osteocyte apoptosis of bone tissues in ovariectomized rats with osteoporosis in vivo, and also enhanced differentiation, mineralization abilities, and proliferation, and suppressed apoptosis of osteoblasts from ovariectomized rats in vitro through upregulating miR-34a-5p expression. LncRNA CCAT1 could competitively bind with miR-34a-5p to prevent the degradation of its target gene SMURF2. Results of this research suggested that the CCAT1 inhibits the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts in rats with osteoporosis by binding to miR-34a-5p, providing novel biomarkers for osteoporosis treatment.

Association of ESR1 polymorphism rs2234693 and rs9340799 with postmenopausal osteoporosis in a Chinese population

Background

Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) is the most common type of primary osteoporosis. ESR1 polymorphism rs2234693 and rs9340799 has been widely studied as a candidate gene associated with PMO, however, the findings were inconclusive. The present study aims to explore the relationship of ESR1 polymorphism rs2234693 and rs9340799 with PMO risk in a Chinese Han population.

Methods

PMO patients and healthy controls were recruited from gynecology department. DNA of all participants were extracted from the peripheral blood samples and genotyped by Mass Array method. A meta-analysis of case control studies was also conducted to further elucidate the relationship of polymorphism with PMO.

Results

Our results revealed that there were no associations of rs2234693 with PMO. However, GG genotype of rs9340799 was associated with a higher risk of PMO (OR = 1.51, 95%CI:1.08–4.34, p = 0.03), even adjusting for risk factors (OR = 1.83, 95%CI: 1.12–5.04, p = 0.04). Logistic regression analysis showed that dominant model was associated with a higher risk of PMO (OR = 2.07, 95%CI: 1.02–5.16, p = 0.02) after correcting the risk factors (OR = 2.14, 95%CI:1.12–5.64, p = 0.04); In addition, the Meta-analysis results revealed that both two polymorphisms were not associated with PMO.

Conclusions

In conclusion, ESR1 polymorphism rs9340799 was associated with PMO. However, well designed studies with larger sample sizes are required to further elucidate the associations.

Resveratrol promotes osteogenesis and alleviates osteoporosis by inhibiting p53

Although osteoporosis is one of the most common chronic age-related diseases, there is currently no gold standard for treatment. Evidence suggests resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic compound, may be helpful in the treatment of osteoporosis and other diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-osteoporotic effects of resveratrol remain largely unknown. In the present study, KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of resveratrol-targeted genes identified 33 associated pathways, 12 of which were also involved in osteoporosis. In particular, the MDM2/p53 signaling pathway was identified as a potential key pathway among the shared pathways. In vitro experiments indicated that MDM2-mediated p53 degradation induced osteoblast differentiation, and resveratrol could partially reverse p53-dependent inhibition of osteogenic differentiation. These findings suggest resveratrol may alleviate osteoporosis at least in part by modulating the MDM2/p53 signaling pathway.

MiR-16-5p regulates postmenopausal osteoporosis by directly targeting VEGFA

In this study, we used bioinformatics tools, and experiments with patient tissues and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) to identify differentially regulated genes (DEGs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) that promote postmenopausal osteoporosis. By analyzing the GSE56815 dataset from the NCBI GEO database, we identified 638 DEGs, including 371 upregulated and 267 downregulated genes, in postmenopausal women with low bone density. Enrichment and protein-protein interaction network analyses showed that TP53, RPS27A, and VEGFA were the top three hub genes with the highest degree of betweenness and closeness centrality. TargetScanHuman and DIANA software analyses and dual luciferase reporter assays confirmed that miR-16a-5p directly targets the 3'UTR of VEGFA. Postmenopausal patients with osteoporosis showed higher miR-16-5p and lower VEGFA levels than those without osteoporosis (n=10 each). VEGFA levels were higher in miR-16-5p knockdown hMSCs and were reduced in miR-16-5p-overexpressing hMSCs. mRNA expression of osteogenic markers, ALP, OCN, and RUNX2, as well as calcium deposition based on Alizarin red staining, correlated inversely with miR-16-5p levels and correlated positively with VEGFA levels. These findings suggest that miR-16-5p suppresses osteogenesis by inhibiting VEGFA expression and is a promising target for postmenopausal osteoporosis therapy.