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Banerjee A, Mohammed Breig SJ, Gómez A, Sánchez-Arévalo I, González-Faune P, Sarkar S, Bandopadhyay R, Vuree S, Cornejo J, Tapia J, Bravo G, Cabrera-Barjas G. Optimization and Characterization of a Novel Exopolysaccharide from Bacillus haynesii CamB6 for Food Applications. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060834. [PMID: 35740959 PMCID: PMC9221024 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extremophilic microorganisms often produce novel bioactive compounds to survive under harsh environmental conditions. Exopolysaccharides (EPSs), a constitutive part of bacterial biofilm, are functional biopolymers that act as a protecting sheath to the extremophilic bacteria and are of high industrial value. In this study, we elucidate a new EPS produced by thermophilic Bacillus haynesii CamB6 from a slightly acidic (pH 5.82) Campanario hot spring (56.4 °C) located in the Central Andean Mountains of Chile. Physicochemical properties of the EPS were characterized by different techniques: Scanning electron microscopy- energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Gel permeation chromatography (GPC), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), 1D and 2D Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The EPS demonstrated amorphous surface roughness composed of evenly distributed macromolecular lumps. GPC and HPLC analysis showed that the EPS is a low molecular weight heteropolymer composed of mannose (66%), glucose (20%), and galactose (14%). FTIR analysis demonstrated the polysaccharide nature (–OH groups, Acetyl groups, and pyranosic ring structure) and the presence of different glycosidic linkages among sugar residues, which was further confirmed by NMR spectroscopic analyses. Moreover, D-mannose α-(1→2) and α-(1→4) linkages prevail in the CamB6 EPS structure. TGA revealed the high thermal stability (240 °C) of the polysaccharide. The functional properties of the EPS were evaluated for food industry applications, specifically as an antioxidant and for its emulsification, water-holding (WHC), oil-holding (OHC), and flocculation capacities. The results suggest that the study EPS can be a useful additive for the food-processing industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Banerjee
- Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule, Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3466706, Chile;
- Centro de Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales (CENBio), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3466706, Chile;
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (G.C.-B.)
| | - Sura Jasem Mohammed Breig
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Al-khawarizmi Collage of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad 10011, Iraq;
| | - Aleydis Gómez
- Centro de Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales (CENBio), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3466706, Chile;
| | - Ignacio Sánchez-Arévalo
- Escuela de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3466706, Chile; (I.S.-A.); (P.G.-F.)
| | - Patricio González-Faune
- Escuela de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3466706, Chile; (I.S.-A.); (P.G.-F.)
| | - Shrabana Sarkar
- Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule, Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3466706, Chile;
- UGC Center of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, India;
| | - Rajib Bandopadhyay
- UGC Center of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, India;
| | - Sugunakar Vuree
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India;
| | - Jorge Cornejo
- Institute of Chemistry and Natural Resources, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (J.C.); (J.T.)
| | - Jaime Tapia
- Institute of Chemistry and Natural Resources, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (J.C.); (J.T.)
| | - Gaston Bravo
- Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico (UDT), Universidad de Concepción, Av. Cordillera 2634, Parque Industrial Coronel, Coronel 3349001, Chile;
| | - Gustavo Cabrera-Barjas
- Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico (UDT), Universidad de Concepción, Av. Cordillera 2634, Parque Industrial Coronel, Coronel 3349001, Chile;
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (G.C.-B.)
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Sawant AM, Vamkudoth KR. Biosynthetic process and strain improvement approaches for industrial penicillin production. Biotechnol Lett 2022. [PMID: 35000028 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-022-03222-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Penicillins and cephalosporins are the most important class of beta (β) lactam antibiotics, accounting for 65% total antibiotic market. Penicillins are produced by Penicillium rubens (popularly known as P. chrysogenum) were used to synthesize the active pharmaceutical intermediate (API), 6-aminopenicillinic acid (6-APA) employed in semisynthetic antibiotic production. The wild strains produce a negligible amount of penicillin (Pen). High antibiotic titre-producing P. chrysogenum strains are necessitating for industrial Pen production to meet global demand at lower prices. Classical strain improvement (CSI) approaches such as random mutagenesis, medium engineering, and fermentation are the cornerstones for high-titer Pen production. Since, Sir Alexander Fleming Discovery of Pen, great efforts are expanded to develop at a commercial scale antibiotics producing strains. Breakthroughs in genetic engineering, heterologous expression and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing tools opened a new window for Pen production at a commercial scale to assure health crisis. The current state of knowledge, limitations of CSI and genetic engineering approaches to Pen production are discussed in this review.
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Santos A, Bruna P, Martinez-Urtaza J, Solís F, Valenzuela B, Zamorano P, Barrientos L. Two Archaeal Metagenome-Assembled Genomes from El Tatio Provide New Insights into the Crenarchaeota Phylum. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:391. [PMID: 33803363 DOI: 10.3390/genes12030391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A phylogenomic and functional analysis of the first two Crenarchaeota MAGs belonging to El Tatio geysers fields in Chile is reported. A soil sample contiguous to a geothermal activity exposed lagoon of El Tatio was used for shotgun sequencing. Afterwards, contigs were binned into individual population-specific genomes data. A phylogenetic placement was carried out for both MAG 9-5TAT and MAG 47-5TAT. Then functional comparisons and metabolic reconstruction were carried out. Results showed that both MAG 9-5TAT and MAG 47-5TAT likely represent new species in the genus Thermoproteus and the genus Sulfolobus, respectively. These findings provide new insights into the phylogenetic and genomic diversity for archaea species that inhabit the El Tatio geysers field and expand the understanding of the Crenarchaeota phylum diversity.
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