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Donadu MG, Ferrari M, Behzadi P, Trong Le N, Usai D, Fiamma M, Battah B, Barac A, Bellardi MG, Hoai TN, Mazzarello V, Rubino S, Cappuccinelli P, Zanetti S. Multifactorial action of lavender and lavandin oils against filamentous fungi. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38293715 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2301741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
AIMS In this study, five essential oils (EOs) from different species of Lavandula hybrida abrialis, for Lavandula hybrida R.C., Lavandula hybrida 'super A', Lavandula hybrida 'super Z' and Lavandula vera and its hybrids Lavender were evaluated against 26 dust-isolated fungal strains from North Africa. METHODS AND RESULTS The composition of the different EOs was determined from volume to dry weight. The photochemical analyses were performed via gas chromatography (GC). The cytotoxic effect of five lavender EOs on human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (Caco-2) cell line was done. A total of 26 strains of filamentous fungi including Aspergillus spp., Botrytis cinerea, Ceriporia spp., Fusarium spp. and Penicillium glabrum were isolated from sand dust samples via molecular diagnostic tool of PCR. Fungal strains with the lowest minimal lethal concentration (MLC) were Penicillium glabrum, Ceriporia spp. and a strain of Aspergillus spp. CONCLUSIONS More studies are needed to verify the activity of this EO against more different fungal species, and determine the active ingredients.Significance and impact of study: MIC of the antifungal efficacy relating to EOs was evaluated. The EOs tests showed no cytotoxic effect at very low concentrations, ranging from 0.03% (IC50 0.9132 mg/mL) (L. hybrid Abrialis) to 0.001% (IC50 1.631 mg/mL) (L. hybrid R.C.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Gavino Donadu
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- Hospital Pharmacy, Giovanni Paolo II Hospital, ASL Gallura, Olbia, Italy
| | - Marco Ferrari
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Payam Behzadi
- Department of Microbiology, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nhan Trong Le
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Donatella Usai
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Maura Fiamma
- Analysis Laboratory, Hospital 'San Francesco', Nuoro, Italy
| | - Basem Battah
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Syrian Private University (SPU), Daraa International Highway, Damascus, Syria
| | - Aleksandra Barac
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Thi Nguyen Hoai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam
| | | | - Salvatore Rubino
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Zanetti
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Piskernik S, Jeršek M, Klančnik A, Smole Možina S, Bucar F, Jeršek B. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils made from Lavandula x intermedia from Hvar (Croatia). Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:4018-4022. [PMID: 36565292 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2161539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the essential oil (EO) of Lavandula x intermedia cv. Bila, which has not been studied before. The EOs were distilled from plants collected in two consecutive years on the island of Hvar (Croatia) and in the Karst (Slovenia) and analysed for chemical composition and antimicrobial activity. The main component of EOs was linalool, but the EOs from Hvar had higher contents of Z-β-ocimene and borneol + lavandulol than the EOs from Karst, in which camphor, linalyl acetate and 1,8-cineole predominated. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated using the minimum inhibitory concentration and proved that the EOs were effective against Candida spp. Studies have shown that the composition of L. x intermedia EO depends on the variety and the climatic and geographical characteristics of the plant growth. The antimicrobial activity of EO is also influenced by the type and strain of microorganisms involved in the research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saša Piskernik
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Miha Jeršek
- Slovenian Museum of Natural History, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anja Klančnik
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sonja Smole Možina
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Franz Bucar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Barbara Jeršek
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Jeddi M, El Hachlafi N, Fadil M, Benkhaira N, Jeddi S, Benziane Ouaritini Z, Fikri-Benbrahim K. Combination of Chemically-Characterized Essential Oils from Eucalyptus polybractea, Ormenis mixta, and Lavandula burnatii: Optimization of a New Complete Antibacterial Formulation Using Simplex-Centroid Mixture Design. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci 2023; 2023:5593350. [PMID: 37645561 PMCID: PMC10462449 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5593350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to identify the volatile profile of three essential oils obtained from Eucalyptus polybractea cryptonifera (EPEO), Ormenis mixta (OMEO), and Lavandula burnatii briquet (LBEO) and to examine their combined antibacterial activity that affords the optimal inhibitory ability against S. aureus and E. coli using simplex-centroid mixture design and checkerboard assay. Essential oils (EOs) were isolated by hydrodistillation and characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography coupled with flame-ionization detector (GC-FID). The antibacterial activity was performed using disc diffusion and microdilution assays. The chemical analysis revealed that 1,8-cineole (23.75%), p-cymene (22.47%), and α-pinene (11.20%) and p-menthane-1,8-diol (18.19%), α-pinene (10.81%), and D-germacrene (9.17%) were the main components detected in E. polybractea and O. mixta EOs, respectively. However, L. burnatii EO was mainly represented by linalool (24.40%) and linalyl acetate (18.68%). The EPEO, LBEO, and OMEO had a strong antibacterial effect on S. aureus with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) values ranging from 0.25 to 0.5% (v/v). Furthermore, the combination of 1/2048 MICEPEO + 1/4 MICLBEO showed a synergistic antibacterial effect on S. aureus with a FIC index of 0.25, while the formulation of 1/4 MICEPEO + 1/4 MICOMEO demonstrated an antibacterial synergistic activity on E. coli with a FIC index of 0.5. Moreover, the simplex-centroid mixture design reported that the most effective combinations on E. coli and S. aureus correspond to 32%/28%/40% and 35%/30%/35% of E. polybractea, O. mixta, and L. burnatii, respectively. Presented information highlights the action of antibacterial formulations of these EOs and suggests their potential applications as alternatives to commercialized drugs to contract the development of bacteria causing serious infections and food deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Jeddi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 2202, Imouzzer Road, Fez, Morocco
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30 000, Morocco
| | - Naoufal El Hachlafi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 2202, Imouzzer Road, Fez, Morocco
| | - Mouhcine Fadil
- Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 2202, Road of Imouzzer, Fez, Morocco
| | - Nesrine Benkhaira
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 2202, Imouzzer Road, Fez, Morocco
| | - Samir Jeddi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 2202, Imouzzer Road, Fez, Morocco
| | - Zineb Benziane Ouaritini
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30 000, Morocco
| | - Kawtar Fikri-Benbrahim
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 2202, Imouzzer Road, Fez, Morocco
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Dippong T, Cadar O, Kovacs MH, Dan M, Senila L. Chemical Analysis of Various Tea Samples Concerning Volatile Compounds, Fatty Acids, Minerals and Assessment of Their Thermal Behavior. Foods 2023; 12:3063. [PMID: 37628061 PMCID: PMC10453188 DOI: 10.3390/foods12163063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Tea is the most consumed drink worldwide due to its pleasant taste and various beneficial effects on human health. This paper assesses the physicochemical analysis of different varieties of tea (leaves, flowers, and instant) after prior drying and fine grinding. The thermal decomposition behavior of the tea components shows that the tea has three stages of decomposition, depending on temperature. The first stage was attributed to the volatilization of water, while the second stage involved the degradation of volatiles, polyphenols, and fatty acids. The degradation of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin content occurs at the highest temperature of 400 °C in the third stage. A total of 66 volatile compounds, divided into eight classes, were identified in the tea samples. The volatile compounds were classified into nine odor classes: floral, fruity, green, sweet, chemical, woody, citrus, roasted, and alcohol. In all flower and leaf tea samples, monounsaturated (MUFAs), polyunsaturated (PUFAs), and saturated fatty acids (SFAs) were identified. A high content of omega-6 was quantified in acacia, Saint John's Wort, rose, and yarrow, while omega-3 was found in mint, Saint John's Wort, green, blueberry, and lavender samples. The flower and leaf tea samples studied could be a good dietary source of polyphenolic compounds, essential elements. In instant tea samples, a low quantity of polyphenols and major elements were identified. The physicochemical analysis demonstrated that both flower and leaf teas have high-quality properties when compared to instant tea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Dippong
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 76 Victoriei Street, 430122 Baia Mare, Romania;
| | - Oana Cadar
- INCDO-INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.C.); (M.H.K.)
| | - Melinda Haydee Kovacs
- INCDO-INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.C.); (M.H.K.)
| | - Monica Dan
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Lacrimioara Senila
- INCDO-INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.C.); (M.H.K.)
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Habán M, Korczyk-Szabó J, Čerteková S, Ražná K. Lavandula Species, Their Bioactive Phytochemicals, and Their Biosynthetic Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108831. [PMID: 37240177 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Lavandula species are one of the most useful aromatic and medicinal plants and have great economic potential. The phytopharmaceutical contribution of the secondary metabolites of the species is unquestionable. Most recent studies have been focusing on the elucidation of the genetic background of secondary metabolite production in lavender species. Therefore, knowledge of not only genetic but especially epigenetic mechanisms for the regulation of secondary metabolites is necessary for the modification of those biosynthesis processes and the understanding of genotypic differences in the content and compositional variability of these products. The review discusses the genetic diversity of Lavandula species in relation to the geographic area, occurrence, and morphogenetic factors. The role of microRNAs in secondary-metabolites biosynthesis is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Habán
- Institute of Agronomic Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 83232 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Joanna Korczyk-Szabó
- Institute of Agronomic Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Simona Čerteková
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Katarína Ražná
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
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Cáceres-Cevallos GJ, Quílez M, Ortiz de Elguea-Culebras G, Melero-Bravo E, Sánchez-Vioque R, Jordán MJ. Agronomic Evaluation and Chemical Characterization of Lavandula latifolia Medik. under the Semiarid Conditions of the Spanish Southeast. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:1986. [PMID: 37653903 PMCID: PMC10221659 DOI: 10.3390/plants12101986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Lavandula latifolia is one of the main rainfed crops of aromatic and medicinal plants produced in Spain. As a global concern, the agronomic productivity of this aromatic crop is also threatened by the consequences of imminent climate change. On this basis, the study of the agronomic production of two drought-tolerant ecotypes, after three years of cultivations practices, constitutes the main objective of the present study. For this trial, clones of the two pre-selected ecotypes, along with clones from two commercial plants (control), were grown in an experimental plot. The main results confirmed an increase in biomass and essential oil production with plant age. The essential oil chemotype defined by 1,8-cineol, linalool, and camphor was maintained over time, but a decrease in 1,8-cineol in the benefit of linalool was detected. In the phenolic profile, 14 components were identified, with salvianic acid and a rosmarinic acid derivate being the main compounds quantified. These phenolic extracts showed potent in vitro antioxidant capacity, and after the second year of cultivation practices, both phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity remained stable. Thus, under semiarid conditions, L. latifolia drought-tolerant ecotypes reach a good level of production after the second year of crop establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo J. Cáceres-Cevallos
- Research Group on Rainfed Agriculture for Rural Development, Department of Rural Development, Oenology and Sustainable Agriculture, Murcia Institute of Agri-Food and Environmental Research (IMIDA), La Alberca de las Torres, 30150 Murcia, Spain; (G.J.C.-C.); (M.Q.)
| | - María Quílez
- Research Group on Rainfed Agriculture for Rural Development, Department of Rural Development, Oenology and Sustainable Agriculture, Murcia Institute of Agri-Food and Environmental Research (IMIDA), La Alberca de las Torres, 30150 Murcia, Spain; (G.J.C.-C.); (M.Q.)
| | - Gonzalo Ortiz de Elguea-Culebras
- Instituto Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario y Forestal de Castilla La Mancha (IRIAF), CIAF de Albaladejito, Carretera Toledo-Cuenca km 174, 16194 Cuenca, Spain; (G.O.d.E.-C.); (E.M.-B.); (R.S.-V.)
| | - Enrique Melero-Bravo
- Instituto Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario y Forestal de Castilla La Mancha (IRIAF), CIAF de Albaladejito, Carretera Toledo-Cuenca km 174, 16194 Cuenca, Spain; (G.O.d.E.-C.); (E.M.-B.); (R.S.-V.)
| | - Raúl Sánchez-Vioque
- Instituto Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario y Forestal de Castilla La Mancha (IRIAF), CIAF de Albaladejito, Carretera Toledo-Cuenca km 174, 16194 Cuenca, Spain; (G.O.d.E.-C.); (E.M.-B.); (R.S.-V.)
| | - María J. Jordán
- Research Group on Rainfed Agriculture for Rural Development, Department of Rural Development, Oenology and Sustainable Agriculture, Murcia Institute of Agri-Food and Environmental Research (IMIDA), La Alberca de las Torres, 30150 Murcia, Spain; (G.J.C.-C.); (M.Q.)
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Gravina C, Formato M, Piccolella S, Fiorentino M, Stinca A, Pacifico S, Esposito A. Lavandula austroapennina (Lamiaceae): Getting Insights into Bioactive Polyphenols of a Rare Italian Endemic Vascular Plant. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098038. [PMID: 37175744 PMCID: PMC10178519 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lavandula austroapennina N.G. Passal., Tundis and Upon has recently been described as a new species endemic to the southern Apennines (Italy). Locally, this species has a long ethnobotanical tradition of use for curative and decoration purposes and has been the protagonist of a flourishing essential oil production chain. Currently, while this tradition has long since ended, attention to the species is necessary, with a view to enhancing marginal and rural areas, as a recovery of a precious resource to (i) get insights into its (poly)phenolic fraction and (ii) address new and innovative uses of all its organs in various application fields (e.g., cosmeceutical sector). Therefore, after field sampling and dissection of its organs (i.e., corolla, calyx, leaf, stem and root), the latter, previously deterpenated and defatted, were subjected to accelerated ultrasound extraction and the related alcoholic extracts were obtained. Chemical composition, explored by UHPLC-QqTOF-MS/MS, and the following multivariate data analysis showed that the hydroxycinnamoyl derivatives are abundant in the leaf, stem and root, while flavonoids are more present in corolla and calyx. In particular, coumaroyl flavonoids with glyconic portion containing also hexuronyl moieties differentiated corolla organ, while yunnaneic acid D isomers and esculin distinguished root. When antiradical and reducing properties were evaluated (by means of ABTS, DPPH and PFRAP tests), a similar clustering of organs was achieved and the marked antioxidant efficacy of leaf, stem and root extracts was found. Thus, following cytotoxicity screening by MTT test on HaCaT keratinocytes, the protective effects of the organ extracts were assessed by wound closure observed after the scratch test. In addition, the extracts from corolla, leaf and stem were particularly active at low doses inducing rapid wound closure on HaCaT cells at a concentration of 1 μg/mL. The diversity in (poly)phenols of each organ and the promising bioactivity preliminarily assessed suggest further investigation to be carried out to fully recover and valorize this precious endemic vascular plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Gravina
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Marialuisa Formato
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Simona Piccolella
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Marika Fiorentino
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Adriano Stinca
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Severina Pacifico
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Assunta Esposito
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
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Odoom JF, Aboagye CI, Acheampong P, Asiamah I, Darko G, Borquaye LS. Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activities of the Leaf and Fruit Essential Oils of the West African Plum, Vitex doniana. J CHEM-NY 2023. [DOI: 10.1155/2023/9959296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitex doniana (West African plum or black plum) is a plant with varying phytoconstituents and biological activities across different countries. In this study, essential oils extracted from the leaves and fruits of Vitex doniana cultivated in Ghana were investigated for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The antioxidant actions of the essential oils were determined using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), phosphomolybdenum, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assays. For both essential oils, the total antioxidant capacities ranged from 44 to 68 µg/g AAE, the IC50 values for H2O2 scavenging activity were between 87 and 242 µg/mL, whereas that for DPPH assay were between 322 and 599 µg/mL. The IC50 for the TBARS assay for both essential oils also ranged from 247 to 414 µg/mL. The antimicrobial activities of the essential oils were investigated using the broth dilution assay. The minimum inhibition concentration for the essential oils ranged from 12.5 to 50 mg/mL. Biofilm inhibitory activity was also evaluated for both essential oils, and the fruit essential oil showed a half-maximal inhibition of biofilm formation (BIC50) at 44.40 ± 0.6 mg/mL, whereas the BIC50 value of the leaf essential oil was 109.1 ± 0.9 mg/mL. The fruit essential oil was superior to the leaf essential oil in inhibiting the secretion of pyoverdine. Molecular docking analyses suggested that methyl cinnamate, ethyl cinnamate, p-menth-4-en-3-one, trans-α-ionone, benzyl benzoate, isobutyl cinnamate, and folic acid likely interacted with LasR and algC proteins, and hence, contributed to the inhibition of biofilm formation and pyoverdine secretion. Essential oils from Vitex doniana could, therefore, be exploited as a natural source of radical scavenging and antimicrobial agents and could be useful in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries.
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Pokajewicz K, Czarniecka-Wiera M, Krajewska A, Maciejczyk E, Wieczorek PP. Lavandula x intermedia—A Bastard Lavender or a Plant of Many Values? Part II. Biological Activities and Applications of Lavandin. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28072986. [PMID: 37049749 PMCID: PMC10095729 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28072986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This review article is the second in a series aimed at providing an in-depth overview of Lavandula x intermedia (lavandin). In part I, the biology and chemistry of lavandin were addressed. In part II, the focus is on the functional properties of lavandin and its applications in industry and daily life. While reviewing the biological properties, only original research articles employing lavandin were considered. Lavandin essential oil has been found to have antioxidant and biocidal activity (antimicrobial, nematicidal, antiprotozoal, insecticidal, and allelopathic), as well as other potential therapeutic effects such as anxiolytic, neuroprotective, improving sleep quality, antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic. Other lavandin preparations have been investigated to a much lesser extent. The research is either limited or inconsistent across all studies, and further evidence is needed to support these properties. Unlike its parent species—Lavandula angustifolia (LA)—lavandin essential oil is not officially recognized as a medicinal raw material in European Pharmacopeia. However, whenever compared to LA in shared studies, it has shown similar effects (or even more pronounced in the case of biocidal activities). This suggests that lavandin has similar potential for use in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Pokajewicz
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Opole, 45-052 Opole, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Agnieszka Krajewska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Lodz University of Technology, 90-530 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewa Maciejczyk
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Lodz University of Technology, 90-530 Lodz, Poland
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Pokajewicz K, Czarniecka-Wiera M, Krajewska A, Maciejczyk E, Wieczorek PP. Lavandula × intermedia—A Bastard Lavender or a Plant of Many Values? Part I. Biology and Chemical Composition of Lavandin. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28072943. [PMID: 37049706 PMCID: PMC10096058 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28072943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This review article is the first in a series that provides an overview of the biology, chemistry, biological effects, and applications of Lavandula × intermedia (lavandin, LI). Despite its prevalence in cultivation and on the essential oil market, lavandin has received limited attention from the scientific community. Remarkably more attention is paid to Lavandula angustifolia (LA), which is commonly regarded as the superior lavender and has been extensively researched. Our goal is to provide a comprehensive review of LI, as none currently exists, and assess whether its inferior status is merited. In the first part, we outline the biological and chemical characteristics of the plant and compare it to the parent species. The chemical composition of lavandin oil is similar to that of LA but contains more terpenes, giving camphor notes that are less valued in perfumery. Nevertheless, lavandin has some advantages, including a higher essential oil yield, resulting in reduced production cost, and therefore, it is a preferred lavender crop for cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Pokajewicz
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Opole, 45-052 Opole, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Agnieszka Krajewska
- Institute of Natural Products and Cosmetics, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Lodz University of Technology, 90-530 Łódź, Poland
| | - Ewa Maciejczyk
- Institute of Natural Products and Cosmetics, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Lodz University of Technology, 90-530 Łódź, Poland
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Domingues J, Delgado F, Gonçalves JC, Zuzarte M, Duarte AP. Mediterranean Lavenders from Section Stoechas: An Undervalued Source of Secondary Metabolites with Pharmacological Potential. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030337. [PMID: 36984777 PMCID: PMC10054607 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, climate change and wildfires are disrupting natural ecosystems, thus setting several endemic species at risk. The genus Lavandula is widely present in the Mediterranean region and its species, namely, those included in the section Stoechas, are valuable resources of active compounds with several biological assets. Since ancient times lavenders have been used in traditional medicine and for domestic purposes. These species are melliferous, decorative, and essential oil-producing plants with a high economic interest in the pharmaceutical, flavor, fragrance, and food industries. The essential oils of Lavandula section Stoechas are characterized by high amounts of 1,8-cineole, camphor, fenchone, and specifically for L. stoechas subsp. luisieri one of the major compounds is trans-α-necrodyl acetate. On the other hand, the diversity of non-volatile components like phenolic compounds, such as phenolic acids and flavonoids, make these species an important source of phytochemicals with pharmacological interest. Rosmarinic, caffeic, and salvianolic B acids are the major phenolic acids, and luteolin and eriodictyol-O-glucuronide are the main reported flavonoids. However, the concentration of these secondary metabolites is strongly affected by the plant’s phenological phase and varies in Lavandula sp. from different areas of origin. Indeed, lavender extracts have shown promising antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties as well as several other beneficial actions with potential for commercial applications. Despite several studies on the bioactive potential of lavenders from the section Stoechas, a systematized and updated review of their chemical profile is lacking. Therefore, we carried out the present review that gathers relevant information on the different types of secondary metabolites found in these species as well as their bioactive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Domingues
- Plant Biotechnology Centre of Beira Interior (CBPBI), 6001-909 Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS), University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Delgado
- Plant Biotechnology Centre of Beira Interior (CBPBI), 6001-909 Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco-School of Agriculture (IPCB-ESA), 6001-909 Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Research Centre for Natural Resources, Environment and Society, Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco (CERNAS-IPCB), 6001-909 Castelo Branco, Portugal
| | - José Carlos Gonçalves
- Plant Biotechnology Centre of Beira Interior (CBPBI), 6001-909 Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco-School of Agriculture (IPCB-ESA), 6001-909 Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Research Centre for Natural Resources, Environment and Society, Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco (CERNAS-IPCB), 6001-909 Castelo Branco, Portugal
| | - Mónica Zuzarte
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Duarte
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS), University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
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Valle RCSC, Valle JAB, Bezerra FM, Correia J, da Costa C, Martí M, Coderch L, López A, Arias MJL. Application of Lavender-Oil Microcapsules to Functionalized PET Fibers. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15. [PMID: 36850201 DOI: 10.3390/polym15040917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Surface treatments for textile substrates have received significant attention from researchers around the world. Ozone and plasma treatments trigger a series of surface alterations in textile substrates that can improve the anchoring of other molecules or particles on these substrates. This work aims to evaluate the effect of ozone and plasma treatments on the impregnation of polymeric microcapsules containing lavender oil in polyester fabrics (PES). Microcapsules with walls of chitosan and gum arabic were prepared by complex coacervation and impregnated in PES, plasma-treated PES, and ozone-treated PES by padding. The microcapsules were characterized for their size and morphology and the surface-treated PES was evaluated by FTIR, TGA, SEM, and lavender release. The microcapsules were spherical in shape, with smooth surfaces. The FTIR analyses of the textile substrates with microcapsules showed bands referring to the polymers of the microcapsules, but not to the lavender; this was most likely because the smooth surface of the outer wall did not retain the lavender. The mass loss and the degradation temperatures measured by TGA were similar for all the ozone-treated and plasma-treated polyester samples. In the SEM images, spherical microcapsules and the impregnation of the microcapsules of larger sizes were perceived. Through the lavender release, it was observed that the plasma and ozone treatments interfered both with the amount of lavender delivered and with the control of the delivery.
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De Falco E, Rigano D, Fico V, Vitti A, Barile G, Pergola M. Spontaneous Officinal Plants in the Cilento, Vallo di Diano and Alburni National Park: Tradition, Protection, Enhancement, and Recovery. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:plants12030465. [PMID: 36771560 PMCID: PMC9919598 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to deepen our knowledge on the heritage and traditional uses of some medicinal plants of the Cilento, Vallo di Diano and Alburni National Park (Salerno province) and to evaluate their productive potential, in order to increase possible uses to recover and enhance the territory. Biometric surveys and biomass evaluation were carried out. Two types of aqueous extract were prepared using air-dried samples of six harvested species and tested for anti-germination activity on Lepidium sativum L. Hydrolates were recovered via steam distillation from aromatic species and the chemical-physical characteristics were determined. Historical evidence of industrial activity was collected in the territory of Sanza on Monte Cervati, where lavender essential oil has been distilled in the past century, and characterization of the essential oil components was carried out. The ethnobotanical uses detected mainly concerned traditional medicine and nutritional, ritual, or religious uses. The experimental results highlight that spontaneous medicinal plants could become potential sources of local economic development, with uses not only in the phytotherapeutic sector, but also in others, such as food and agriculture for weed control. Moreover, the evidence derived from industrial archeology could represent a further driving force for the enhancement of the territory's resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica De Falco
- Degree Course of Agriculture, Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Daniela Rigano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Vito Fico
- Associazione “Sanza Città della Lavanda”, 84030 Sanza, Italy
| | - Antonella Vitti
- Degree Course of Agriculture, Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Gaia Barile
- Degree Course of Agriculture, Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Maria Pergola
- Degree Course of Agriculture, Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
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Todorova V, Ivanov K, Georgieva Y, Karcheva-Bahchevanska D, Ivanova S. Comparison between the Chemical Composition of Essential Oil from Commercial Products and Biocultivated Lavandula angustifolia Mill. Int J Anal Chem 2023; 2023:1997157. [PMID: 36684478 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1997157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The main aim of this study was to assess the differences in the chemical composition of essential oil from biocultivated Lavandula angustifolia in the Thracian Lowland floristic region, Bulgaria, and commercially available products from Bulgarian markets. Following the analytical results conducted with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we have established some differences in the chemical composition of the tested samples. The essential oil of biocultivated lavender contained 35 compounds, which represent 94.13% of the total oil. Samples from commercial products contained 28-42 compounds that represent 93.03-98.69% of the total oil. All the examined samples were rich in monoterpene hydrocarbons (1.68-12.77%), oxygenated monoterpenes (70.42-87.96%), sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (4.03-13.78%), and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (0.14-0.76%). The dominant components in all examined samples were linalool (20.0-45.0%) and linalyl acetate (20.79-39.91%). All the examined commercial samples contained linalool and linalyl acetate as was described in the European Pharmacopoeia, but in one of the samples, the quality of linalyl acetate is lower than that recommended in the European Pharmacopoeia.
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Crișan I, Ona A, Vârban D, Muntean L, Vârban R, Stoie A, Mihăiescu T, Morea A. Current Trends for Lavender ( Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) Crops and Products with Emphasis on Essential Oil Quality. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:plants12020357. [PMID: 36679071 PMCID: PMC9861439 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Lavender is in the research spotlight due to its increasing economic importance, while market demand is expected to continue to grow. Among the hundreds of essential-oil-bearing plants, Lavandula angustifolia Mill. remains one of the most valuable. This paper explores the lavender chain timeline from crop to products, examining the expanding knowledge on the characteristics, phytochemical profile and functional potential of lavender that could lead to new products and uses. Lavender crops can be expanded without competing for productive land, instead using marginal, contaminated or unproductive land. A novel cultivation trend proposes leveraging agri-background biodiversity, arbuscular mycorrhiza and the natural enemies of pests for healthy crops. Together with breeding efforts targeting highly performant genotypes with complex volatile profiles coupled with resistance to specific biotic (particularly Phytoplasma) and abiotic (salt, heavy metals) stressors, industry could have a steady supply of high-quality raw material. Besides the expansion of the uses of essential oil in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, food and environmental and agri-applications, novel channels have appeared for the use of the solid by-product, which is rich in polyphenols and polysaccharides; these channels have the potential to create additional streams of value. The stabilization and optimization of techno-functional delivery systems through the encapsulation of essential oil can extend shelf-life and enhance biological activity efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Crișan
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur Street No. 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andreea Ona
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur Street No. 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dan Vârban
- Department of Crop Technologies, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur Street No. 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Leon Muntean
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur Street No. 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Rodica Vârban
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur Street No. 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrei Stoie
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur Street No. 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Tania Mihăiescu
- Department of Engineering and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur Street No. 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adriana Morea
- Department of Agritourism and Processing of Agricultural Products, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur Street No. 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Caprari C, Fantasma F, Monaco P, Divino F, Iorizzi M, Ranalli G, Fasano F, Saviano G. Chemical Profiles, In Vitro Antioxidant and Antifungal Activity of Four Different Lavandula angustifolia L. EOs. Molecules 2023; 28. [PMID: 36615586 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lavandula angustifolia L., known as lavender, is an economically important Lamiaceae due to the production of essential oils (EOs) for the food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and medical industries. The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical composition of EOs isolated from four inflorescences of L. angustifolia L. collected in different geographical areas: central-southern Italy (LaCC, LaPE, LaPS) and southern France (LaPRV). The essential oils, obtained by steam distillation from plants at the full flowering stage, were analyzed using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). More than 70 components identified in each sample showed significant variability among the main constituents. The four EOs analyzed contained the following as main component: linalool (from 30.02% to 39.73%), borneol (13.65% in LaPE and 16.83% in La PS), linalyl acetate (24.34% in LaCC and 31.07% in LaPRV). The EOs were also evaluated for their in vitro antifungal activity against two white rot fungi (Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Trametes cingulata) as potential natural biodeteriogens in the artworks field, and against Sclerotium rolfsii, Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium verticilloides responsible for significant crop yield losses in tropical and subtropical areas. The results confirm a concentration-dependent toxicity pattern, where the fungal species show different sensitivity to the four EOs. The in vitro antioxidant activity by DPPH assay showed better scavenging activity on LaCC (IC50 26.26 mg/mL) and LaPRV (IC50 33.53 mg/mL), followed by LaPE (IC50 48.00 mg/mL) and LaPS (IC50 49.63 mg/mL). The potential application of EOs as a green method to control biodeterioration phenomena on a work of art on wood timber dated 1876 was evaluated.
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Nedeltcheva-Antonova D, Gechovska K, Bozhanov S, Antonov L. Exploring the Chemical Composition of Bulgarian Lavender Absolute ( Lavandula Angustifolia Mill.) by GC/MS and GC-FID. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:3150. [PMID: 36432879 PMCID: PMC9692913 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lavender (L. angustifolia Mill.) is an important essential oil-bearing and medicinal plant with high commercial value. Lavender scent components can be derived not only as an essential oil but also as lavender concrete or absolute. The development of reliable analytical methods for origin assessment and quality assurance is of significant fundamental importance and high practical interest. Therefore, a comprehensive chemical profiling of seven industrial samples of Bulgarian lavender absolute (L. angustifolia Mill.) was performed by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID). As a result, 111 individual compounds were identified by GC/MS, and their quantitative content was simultaneously determined by GC-FID, representing 94.28-97.43% of the total contents of the lavender absolute. According to our results, the main constituents of lavender absolute (LA) are representatives of the terpene compounds (with the dominating presence of oxygenated monoterpenes, 52.83-80.55%), followed by sesquiterpenes (7.80-15.21%) and triterpenoids (as minor components). Coumarins in various amounts (1.79-14.73%) and aliphatic compounds (hydrocarbons, ketones, esters, etc.) are found, as well. The acyclic monoterpene linalool is the main terpene alcohol and, together with its ester linalyl acetate, are the two main constituents in the LAs. Linalool was found in concentrations of 27.33-38.24% in the LA1-LA6 samples and 20.74% in the LA7 samples. The amount of linalyl acetate was in the range of 26.58 to 37.39% in the LA1-LA6 samples, while, surprisingly, it was not observed in LA7. This study shows that the chemical profile of the studied LAs is close to the lavender essential oil (LO), fulfilling most of the requirements of the International Standard ISO 3515:2002.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Nedeltcheva-Antonova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Kamelia Gechovska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Liudmil Antonov
- Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Liao W, Yao R, Chen L, Renn T, Klimenkov IV, Sudakov NP, Mai F, Chen Y, Chang H. Olfactory Stimulation Successfully Modulates the Neurochemical, Biochemical and Behavioral Phenotypes of the Visceral Pain. Molecules 2022; 27:7659. [DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral pain (VP) is the organ-derived nociception in which increased inflammatory reaction and exaggerated activation of the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) may contribute to this deficiency. Considering the amygdala also serves as the integration center for olfaction, the present study aimed to determine whether olfactory stimulation (OS) would effectively depress over-activation and inflammatory reaction in CeA, and successfully relieve VP-induced abnormalities. Adult rats subjected to intraperitoneal injection of acetic acid inhaled lavender essential oil for 2 or 4 h. The potential benefits of OS were determined by measuring the pro-inflammatory cytokine level, intracellular potassium and the upstream small-conductance calcium-activated potassium (SK) channel expression, together with detecting the stress transmitters that participated in the modulation of CeA activity. Results indicated that in VP rats, strong potassium intensity, reduced SK channel protein level, and increased corticotropin-releasing factor, c-fos, and substance P immuno-reactivities were detected in CeA. Enhanced CeA activation corresponded well with increased inflammatory reaction and decreased locomotion, respectively. However, in rats subjected to VP and received OS, all above parameters were significantly returned to normal levels with higher change detected in treating OS of 4h. As OS successfully depresses inflammation and CeA over-activation, application of OS may serve as an alternative and effective strategy to efficiently relieve VP-induced deficiency.
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Mardani A, Maleki M, Hanifi N, Borghei Y, Vaismoradi M. A systematic review of the effect of lavender on cancer complications. Complement Ther Med 2022; 67:102836. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2022.102836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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Ramić D, Ogrizek J, Bucar F, Jeršek B, Jeršek M, Možina SS. Campylobacter jejuni Biofilm Control with Lavandin Essential Oils and By-Products. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11070854. [PMID: 35884108 PMCID: PMC9312237 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11070854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The food industry is constantly struggling with one of the most prevalent biofilm-forming and food-borne pathogenic bacteria, Campylobacter jejuni. Different approaches are used to control biofilms in the food production chain, but none is fully effective. In this study, we aim to produce and determine the chemical profile of essential oils (EOs), ethanolic extracts of flowers prior to distillation (EFs), and ethanolic extracts of post-distillation waste material (EWMs) from Lavandula × intermedia ‘Bila’, ‘Budrovka’ St Nicholas and ‘Budrovka’, which were further used to reduce C. jejuni intercellular signaling, adhesion, and biofilm formation, as well as to test their antioxidant activity. Glycosides of hydroxycinnamic acids were the major constituents of both types of lavandin ethanolic extract, while linalool, linalyl acetate, 1,8-cineol, and camphor were the major compounds found in lavandin EOs. Tested EOs showed the best antibacterial activity with a minimal inhibitory concentration of 0.25 mg/mL. Lavandin EFs proved more effective in reducing C. jejuni intercellular signaling and adhesion compared to lavandin EOs and EWMs, while lavandin EOs showed a slightly better effect against biofilm formation. Interestingly, the best antioxidant activity was determined for lavandin EWMs. A positive and moderate correlation was found between the reduction of C. jejuni intercellular signaling and adhesion, as well as between adhesion and biofilm formation. These findings mean novel bacterial targets are of interest for biofilm control with alternative natural agents throughout the whole food production chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Ramić
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (D.R.); (J.O.); (B.J.)
| | - Janja Ogrizek
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (D.R.); (J.O.); (B.J.)
| | - Franz Bucar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Barbka Jeršek
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (D.R.); (J.O.); (B.J.)
| | - Miha Jeršek
- Slovenian Museum of Natural History, Prešernova Cesta 20, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Sonja Smole Možina
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (D.R.); (J.O.); (B.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-1-320-3751
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Rathore S, Kumar R. Essential Oil Content and Compositional Variability of Lavandula Species Cultivated in the Mid Hill Conditions of the Western Himalaya. Molecules 2022; 27:3391. [PMID: 35684332 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase in the utilization of Lavandula essential oil in industries led to an impressive rise in the demand for quality essential oils. However, a post-harvest drying of Lavandula species can be a decisive factor to determine the quantity and quality of essential oil. The study was conducted in western Himalayan conditions to assess the essential oil content and composition of two Lavandula species viz., lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.), and lavandin (Lavandula × intermedia Emeric ex Loisel), at four different drying duration (0 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after the harvest). The higher growth attributes viz., plant height (71.7 cm), ear length (8.8 cm), number of spikes (18.1), and number of flowers per ear (47.5) were higher in lavandin, while the number of branches (17.1) was higher in lavender. Essential oil content (%) and moisture reduction (%) were significantly higher at 72 h than at 0 h. The major components of lavender and lavandin essential oil were linalool (33.6–40.5%), linalyl acetate (10.8–13.6%), lavandulyl acetate (2.8–14.5%), and linalyl propionate (5.3–14.1%) in both the Lavandula species. There was a decreasing trend in linalool and an increasing trend in linalyl acetate content in lavandin, with an increase in drying duration up to 72 h; while in lavender, no regular trend was observed in linalool and linalyl acetate content. It was observed that linalool and linalyl acetate levels were the highest at 24 and 0 h of drying in lavender and lavandin, respectively, and essential oil extraction can be done according to the desire of the constituent at varied drying duration.
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dos Santos ÉRQ, Maia JGS, Fontes-Júnior EA, Maia CDSF. Linalool as a Therapeutic and Medicinal Tool in Depression Treatment: A Review. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:1073-1092. [PMID: 34544345 PMCID: PMC9886818 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210920094504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a prevalent disease worldwide, limiting psychosocial functioning and thequality of life. Linalool is the main constituent of some essential oils from aromatic plants, representing about 70% of these volatile concentrates. Evidence of the linalool activity on the central nervous system, mainly acting as an antidepressant agent, is increasingly abundant. This review aimed to extend the knowledge of linalool's antidepressant action mechanisms, which is fundamental for future research, intending to highlight this natural compound as a new antidepressant phytomedication. A critical analysis is proposed here with probable hypotheses of the synergic mechanisms that support the evidence of antidepressant effects of the linalool. The literature search has been conducted in databases for published scientific articles before December 2020, using relevant keywords. Several pieces of evidence point to the anticonvulsant, sedative, and anxiolytic actions. In addition to these activities, other studies have revealed that linalool acts on the monoaminergic and neuroendocrine systems, inflammatory process, oxidative stress, and neurotrophic factors, such as BDNF, resulting in considerable advances in the knowledge of the etiology of depression. In this context, linalool emerges as a promising bioactive compound in the therapeutic arsenal, capable of interacting with numerous pathophysiological factors and acting on several targets. This review claims to contribute to future studies, highlighting the gaps in the linalool knowledge, such as its kinetics, doses, routes of administration, and multiple targets of interaction, to clarify its antidepressant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éverton Renan Quaresma dos Santos
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e Comportamento, Faculdade de Farmácia, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, 66075-110, Belém, PA, Brazil;
| | - José Guilherme S. Maia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 65080-805 São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Enéas Andrade Fontes-Júnior
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e Comportamento, Faculdade de Farmácia, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, 66075-110, Belém, PA, Brazil;
| | - Cristiane do Socorro Ferraz Maia
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e Comportamento, Faculdade de Farmácia, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, 66075-110, Belém, PA, Brazil; ,Address correspondence to this author at the Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e do Comportamento, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa 1, Campus do Guamá, Belém-Pará 66075-900, Brazil; Tel: +55 (91) 3201-7202; E-mails: ;
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Aćimović M, Lončar B, Stanković Jeremić J, Cvetković M, Pezo L, Pezo M, Todosijević M, Tešević V. Weather Conditions Influence on Lavandin Essential Oil and Hydrolate Quality. Horticulturae 2022; 8:281. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8040281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lavandula sp. essential oil and hydrolate are commercially valuable in various industry branches with the potential for wide-ranging applications. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of these products obtained from L. x intermedia cv. ‘Budrovka’ for the first time cultivated on Fruška Gora Mt. (Serbia) during three successive seasons (2019, 2020, and 2021). Essential oil extraction was obtained by steam distillation, and the composition and influence of weather conditions were also assessed, using flowering tops. The obtained essential oils and hydrolates were analysed by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A linear regression model was developed to predict L. x intermedia cv. ‘Budrovka’ essential oil volatile compound content and hydrolate composition during three years, according to temperature and precipitation data, and the appropriate regression coefficients were calculated, while the correlation analysis was employed to analyse the correlations in hydrolate and essential oil compounds. To completely describe the structure of the research data that would present a better insight into the similarities and differences among the diverse L. x intermedia cv. ‘Budrovka’ samples, the PCA was used. The most dominant in L. intermedia cv. ‘Budrovka’ essential oil and hydrolate were oxygenated monoterpenes: linalool, 1,8-cineole, borneol, linalyl acetate, and terpinene-4-ol. It is established that the temperature was positively correlated with all essential oil and hydrolate compounds. The precipitations were positively correlated with the main compounds (linalool, 1,8-cineole, and borneol), while the other compounds’ content negatively correlated to precipitation. The results indicated that Fruška Gora Mt. has suitable agro-ecological requirements for cultivating Lavandula sp. and providing satisfactory essential oil and hydrolate.
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Dębczak A, Tyśkiewicz K, Fekner Z, Kamiński P, Florkowski G, Konkol M, Rój E, Grzegorczyk A, Malm A. Molecular Distillation of Lavender Supercritical Extracts: Physicochemical and Antimicrobial Characterization of Feedstocks and Assessment of Distillates Enriched with Oxygenated Fragrance Components. Molecules 2022; 27:1470. [PMID: 35268571 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lavandula angustifolia is one of the most widely cultivated non-food crops used in the production of essential oil; it is used in perfumery, aromatherapy, pharmaceutical preparations, and food ingredients. In this study, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and molecular distillation (MD) were combined, primarily to enrich scCO2 extracts with lavender oxygenated monoterpenes, avoiding thermal degradation, hydrolysis, and solvent contamination, and maintaining the natural characteristics of the obtained oils. Molecular distillation was developed for the first time for the extraction of crucial lavender fragrance ingredients, i.e., from two scCO2 extracts obtained from dry flower stems of lavender cultivated in Poland and Bulgaria. The best results for high-quality distillates were obtained at 85 °C (EVT) and confirmed that linalyl acetate content increased from 51.54 mg/g (initial Bulgarian lavender extract, L-Bg-E) and 89.53 mg/g (initial Polish lavender extract, L-Pl-E) to 118.41 and 185.42 mg/g, respectively, corresponding to increases of 2.3 and 2.1 times in both distillate streams, respectively. The distillates, light oils, and extracts from lavender were also evaluated for their antimicrobial properties by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by the broth microdilution method. Generally, Gram-positive bacteria and Candida spp. were more sensitive to all distilled fractions and extracts than Escherichia coli (Gram-negative bacteria).
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Philippe F, Dubrulle N, Marteaux B, Bonnet B, Choisy P, Berthon JY, Garnier L, Leconte N, Milesi S, Morvan PY, Saunois A, Sun JS, Weber S, Giraud N. Combining DNA Barcoding and Chemical fingerprints to authenticate Lavender raw material. Int J Cosmet Sci 2021; 44:91-102. [PMID: 34860432 PMCID: PMC9305429 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study was initiated and conducted by several laboratories, 3 of the main cosmetic ingredient suppliers and 4 brands of cosmetics in France. Its objective is to show the interest and robustness of coupling chemical and genetic analyses in the identification of plant species. In this study, the Lavandula genus was used. Methods In this study, we used two analytical methods. Chemical analysis from UHPLC (ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography) and genetic analysis from barcoding with genetic markers. Results Eleven lavender species were selected (botanically authenticated) and analysed. The results show that three chemical compounds (coumaric acid hexoside, ferulic acid hexoside and rosmarinic acid) and three genetic markers (RbcL, trnH‐psbA and ITS) are of interest for the differentiation of species of the genus lavandula. Conclusion The results show that the combination of complementary analytical methods is a relevant system to prove the botanical identification of lavender species. This first study, carried out on a plant of interest for cosmetics, demonstrates the need for authentication using a tool combining genetic and chemical analysis as an advance over traditional investigation methods used alone, in terms of identification and authentication reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Philippe
- DNA Gensee, 17 rue du lac saint andré, Le Bourget du Lac, 73370, France
| | - Nelly Dubrulle
- DNA Gensee, 17 rue du lac saint andré, Le Bourget du Lac, 73370, France
| | - Benjamin Marteaux
- DNA Gensee, 17 rue du lac saint andré, Le Bourget du Lac, 73370, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jian-Sheng Sun
- Structure et Instabilite des Génomes, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, INSERM, 43 rue Cuvier, Paris, 75005, France
| | | | - Nicole Giraud
- DNA Gensee, 17 rue du lac saint andré, Le Bourget du Lac, 73370, France
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Angelova G, Brazkova M, Stefanova P, Blazheva D, Vladev V, Petkova N, Slavov A, Denev P, Karashanova D, Zaharieva R, Enev A, Krastanov A. Waste Rose Flower and Lavender Straw Biomass-An Innovative Lignocellulose Feedstock for Mycelium Bio-Materials Development Using Newly Isolated Ganoderma resinaceum GA1M. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7100866. [PMID: 34682287 PMCID: PMC8541479 DOI: 10.3390/jof7100866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, for the first time, the potential of rose flowers and lavender straw waste biomass was studied as feeding lignocellulose substrates for the cultivation of newly isolated in Bulgaria Ganoderma resinaceum GA1M with the objective of obtaining mycelium-based bio-composites. The chemical characterization and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy established that the proximate composition of steam distilled lavender straw (SDLS) and hexane extracted rose flowers (HERF) was a serious prerequisite supporting the self-growth of mycelium bio-materials with improved antibacterial and aromatic properties. The basic physico-mechanical properties of the developed bio-composites were determined. The apparent density of the mycelium HERF-based bio-composites (462 kg/m3) was higher than that of the SDLS-based bio-composite (347 kg/m3) and both were much denser than expanded polystyren (EPS), lighter than medium-density fiber board (MDF) and oriented strand board (OSB) and similar to hempcrete. The preliminary testing of their compressive behavior revealed that the compressive resistance of SDLS-based bio-composite was 718 kPa, while for HERF-based bio-composite it was 1029 kPa and both values are similar to the compressive strength of hempcrete with similar apparent density. Water absorbance analysis showed, that both mycelium HERF- and SDLS-based bio-composites were hydrophilic and further investigations are needed to limit the hydrophilicity of the lignocellulose fibers, to tune the density and to improve compressive resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galena Angelova
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Food Technology, 26 Maritsa Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (G.A.); (P.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Mariya Brazkova
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Food Technology, 26 Maritsa Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (G.A.); (P.S.); (A.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Petya Stefanova
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Food Technology, 26 Maritsa Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (G.A.); (P.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Denica Blazheva
- Department of Microbiology, University of Food Technology, 26 Maritsa Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Veselin Vladev
- Department of Mathematics, Physics and Information Technologies, Faculty of Economics, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritsa Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Nadejda Petkova
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritsa Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (N.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Anton Slavov
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritsa Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (N.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Petko Denev
- Laboratory of Biologically Active Substances, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 139 Ruski Blvd., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Daniela Karashanova
- Institute of Optical Materials and Technologies, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgy Bonchev Str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Roumiana Zaharieva
- Department of Building Materials and Insulation, Faculty of Structural Engineering, University of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy, 1046 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | | | - Albert Krastanov
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Food Technology, 26 Maritsa Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (G.A.); (P.S.); (A.K.)
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Gorgini Shabankareh H, Khorasaninejad S, Soltanloo H, Shariati V. Physiological response and secondary metabolites of three lavender genotypes under water deficit. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19164. [PMID: 34580379 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98750-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Lavandula genus is a considerable medicinal plant in pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries. Considering increasing threat of drought in the world, it is important to identify genotypes which can tolerate drought. It is also important to characterize quantity and quality of essential oils, and tolerance indicators of these genotypes against drought stress. Therefore, an experiment was conducted in Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran, during 2017 and 2018, to investigate these factors. It was a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with two treatments, three genotypes (Lavandula angustifolia cv. Hidcote, Lavandula angustifolia cv. Munstead, and Lavandula stricta), and four levels of drought stress (irrigation regimes) (I1: 100–90% (control), I2: 80–70%, I3: 60–50% and I4: 30–40% of field capacity) which was done with three repetitions. Drought increased amount of proline in leaves, antioxidant activity, activity of catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, and superoxide enzymes, malondialdehyde content, total flavonoids, total phenol, total sugar and essential oil percentage. The PCA analysis of different irrigation regimes showed that in the first component, the best traits are antioxidant enzymes CAT, SOD, APX, while in the second component, only the trait Catalase is the best trait. The results of PCA analysis in lavender genotypes showed that L. stricta exhibits the most affected physiological changes while trying to adjust to changes in the water status of the environment, under the imposed conditions and shows the highest resistance. But it reduced dry weight of aerial parts, relative water content of leaves, and efficacy of essential oil. Lavandula stricta genotype had the highest amount of essential oil, but the highest dry weight of the aerial parts and essential oil yield were related to L. angustifolia cv. Hidcote and L. angustifolia cv. Munstead genotypes. In all evaluated genotypes, with increasing drought stress, monoterpene compounds were decreased and sesquiterpene compounds were increased. Totally it was shown that drought effect on evaluated traits depends on genotype and nature of traits; this indicates that by choosing drought-tolerant genotypes in breeding programs, high quantity and quality of essential oil, as well as tolerance to drought stress can be achieved.
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Liao Z, Huang Q, Cheng Q, Khan S, Yu X. Seasonal Variation in Chemical Compositions of Essential Oils Extracted from Lavandin Flowers in the Yun-Gui Plateau of China. Molecules 2021; 26:5639. [PMID: 34577110 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lavandin, as an important cash crop, is cultivated in Kunming, Yun-Gui Plateau of China. For the special growing environment, Lavandin was grown here and used to investigate the changes in the yield and chemical compositions of essential oils extracted from the flowers in different seasons. The essential oils were extracted by hydro-distillation and analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results indicated great changes in chemical composition depending on the season of harvesting. The yields of essential oils ranged from 2.0% to 3.8% among the seasons, and the highest yield was in the summer. Chemical composition data showed that the extracted oils were rich in oxygenated monoterpenes (55.4–81.4%), eucalyptol (38.7–49.8%), camphor (8.41–14.26%), α-bisabolol (6.6–25.5%), and linalool (4.6–12.5%). The contents of eucalyptol and α-bisabolol changed in a contrary trend with seasonal variations. The results provided new insight for Chinese Lavandin germplasm to be used in application and development, and reference to the researcher, the farmer, and investor for sustainable industrialization of the plant grown in the Yun-Gui Plateau of China, but also the similar plateau area of the sustainable developments.
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29
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Seo E, Shin YK, Hsieh YS, Lee JM, Seol GH. Linalyl acetate as a potential preventive agent against muscle wasting in rheumatoid arthritis rats chronically exposed to nicotine. J Pharmacol Sci 2021; 147:27-32. [PMID: 34294369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking has detrimental effects on rheumatoid arthritis (RA), characterized by muscle wasting. Linalyl acetate (LA), the main component of Lavandula angustifolia Mill (lavender) oil, has anti-inflammatory properties. We investigated the detrimental effects of chronic nicotine exposure in rats with RA, as well as the abilities of lavender oil and LA to prevent muscle wasting. Rats with RA induced by type II collagen were exposed to nicotine for 22 days from day 1. Lavender oil or LA was administered twice a week during the experiment. Compared with control, collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and chronic nicotine exposure plus CIA (NicoCIA) showed increases in hind paw thickness and serum interleukin (IL)-6 and decreases in body weight and serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 levels. Moreover, weight and fiber cross-sectional area of the gastrocnemius muscle were much lower, and mitochondrial membrane potential of the gastrocnemius muscle was higher, in the NicoCIA than in the CIA. These alterations in the NicoCIA were prevented by lavender oil and LA. Importantly, LA showed greater activity than lavender oil in preventing IGF-1 reduction in the NicoCIA. These findings suggest that lavender oil and LA may have preventive benefit in RA by counteracting muscle wasting associated with chronic nicotine exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunhye Seo
- Department of Basic Nursing Science, College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - You Kyoung Shin
- Department of Basic Nursing Science, College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Shan Hsieh
- Department of Basic Nursing Science, College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Science, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeong-Min Lee
- KT&G Central Research Institute, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun Hee Seol
- Department of Basic Nursing Science, College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; BK21 FOUR Program of Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health Systems, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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30
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Virgiliou C, Zisi C, Kontogiannopoulos KN, Nakas A, Iakovakis A, Varsamis V, Gika HG, Assimopoulou AN. Headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in the analysis of lavender's essential oil: Optimization by response surface methodology. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1179:122852. [PMID: 34274641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A static headspace gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (HS-GC/MS) method was developed and optimized with the aim to be applied in the analysis of lavender essential oil. To obtain a comprehensive profile of the essential oil, the optimum HS-GC/MS method parameters were selected based on a Design of Experiments (DοE) process. Plackett-Burman experimental design was applied by utilizing seven parameters of the HS injection system. Incubation equilibration temperature and time, agitator's vortex speed, post injection dwell time, inlet temperature, split ratio and injection flow rate were screened to select the optimum conditions on the basis of the number and the intensity of the identified compounds. Other parameters, such as sample volume and dilution solvent ratio, were also examined to achieve a comprehensive profile in a chromatographic run of 55 min. With the obtained optimum method, more than 40 volatile compounds were identified in lavender's essential oils from different geographical regions in Greece. The method can be utilized for the quality assessment of lavender's essential oil and provide information on its characteristic aroma and discrimination among species based on the acquired GC-MS profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Virgiliou
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Center for Bioanalysis & Omics (BIOMIC_AUTH), CIRI Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Chrysostomi Zisi
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos N Kontogiannopoulos
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Natural Products Research Centre of Excellence (NatPro-AUTH), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (CIRI-AUTH), 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexandros Nakas
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Natural Products Research Centre of Excellence (NatPro-AUTH), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (CIRI-AUTH), 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Achilleas Iakovakis
- School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Center for Bioanalysis & Omics (BIOMIC_AUTH), CIRI Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Helen G Gika
- School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Center for Bioanalysis & Omics (BIOMIC_AUTH), CIRI Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Andreana N Assimopoulou
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Natural Products Research Centre of Excellence (NatPro-AUTH), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (CIRI-AUTH), 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Turrini F, Beruto M, Mela L, Curir P, Triglia G, Boggia R, Zunin P, Monroy F. Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Miller, Cultivar Rosa) Solid By-Products Remaining after the Distillation of the Essential Oil. Applied Sciences 2021; 11:5495. [DOI: 10.3390/app11125495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
FINNOVER is an EU Interreg-Alcotra project that aims to bring new perspectives to floriculture enterprises by recovering useful bioproducts from the waste produced during processing of several aromatic species. In this study, a new operation strategy to recover lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) solid by-products remaining after the extraction of the essential oil was developed. Pulsed ultrasound-assisted extraction was employed as a sustainable and eco-compatible technology to extract, in a very short time (10 min), this agricultural waste using a food-grade solvent (a mixture of ethanol/water). All the extracts obtained from both flower and leaf waste and flower-only residues, exhibit a promising total phenolic content (38–40 mg gallic acid/g of dry waste), radical scavenging activity (107–110 mg Trolox/g of dry waste) and total flavonoid content (0.11–0.13 mg quercetin/g of dry waste). Moreover, the chromatographic analysis of these extracts has shown that this overlooked agriculture waste can represent a valuable source of multifunctional compounds. Particularly, they exhibit a content of polyphenols and flavonoids up to 200 times higher than the corresponding leachate, and they are a valuable source of gentisic acid (1.4–13 mg/g dry waste) representing a new low-cost ingredient usable in different fields (i.e., cosmetic).
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32
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Greff B, Szigeti J, Varga Á, Lakatos E, Sáhó A, Varga L. Effect of bacterial inoculation on co-composting of lavender ( Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) waste and cattle manure. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:306. [PMID: 34189009 PMCID: PMC8167000 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02860-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of Cellulomonas flavigena and Streptomyces viridosporus, as a bacterial inoculant, on the compostability of post-extraction lavender waste. The major physicochemical, microbiological, and biological properties of the composting materials were monitored for 161 days. The technology developed was shown to improve the compostability of recalcitrant herbal residues. The use of lavender waste beneficially affected the composting process by extending the thermophilic phase, accelerating the degradation of organic matter, and elevating the viable counts of useful microorganisms; however, adverse effects were also observed, including an increased carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (19.05) and a decreased germination index (93.4%). Bacterial inoculation was found to preserve the nitrogen content (2.50%) and improve the efficiency of biodegradation. The Salmonella- and Escherichia coli-free final composting products were mature, stable, and ready for soil application. To the authors’ knowledge, no previous research has investigated the compostability of lavender waste. Likewise, this is the first study that has used strains of C. flavigena and S. viridosporus in combination to facilitate a composting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babett Greff
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Széchenyi István University, 15-17 Lucsony Street, Mosonmagyaróvár, 9200 Hungary
| | - Jenő Szigeti
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Széchenyi István University, 15-17 Lucsony Street, Mosonmagyaróvár, 9200 Hungary
| | - Ágnes Varga
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Széchenyi István University, 15-17 Lucsony Street, Mosonmagyaróvár, 9200 Hungary
| | - Erika Lakatos
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Széchenyi István University, 15-17 Lucsony Street, Mosonmagyaróvár, 9200 Hungary
| | - András Sáhó
- Kisalföldi Agricultural Ltd, Fő út 1., Nagyszentjános, 9072 Hungary
| | - László Varga
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Széchenyi István University, 15-17 Lucsony Street, Mosonmagyaróvár, 9200 Hungary
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Vairinhos J, Miguel MG. Essential oils of spontaneous species of the genus Lavandula from Portugal: a brief review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 75:233-245. [PMID: 32452196 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2020-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous lavender growing in uncultivated fields in Portugal have been used in traditional medicine for internal and external uses. The essential oils (EOs) of Lavandula stoechas subsp. luisieri are characterized by the presence of trans-α-necrodyl acetate and trans-necrodol. These EOs are able to prevent the generation and deposition of neurotoxic β-amyloid peptide in Alzheimer's disease. The EOs also present antibacterial, anti-fungal, anti-Leishmania, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antifeedant effects. In the case of hydrodistillation, the predominant compound of Lavandula viridis EO was 1,8-cineole, nevertheless in the case of supercritical fluid extraction, the main constituent was camphor. In in vitro shoots EOs, 1,8-cineole and α-pinene were the most important compounds. The EOs presented anti-fungal activity particularly against Cryptococcus neoformans and dermatophytes. The antioxidant and anti-protozoal activities of L. viridis EOs were lower than L. stoechas subsp. luisieri EOs, with hydrodistillation being the best method for obtaining samples with higher antioxidant and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities. The presence of fenchone, 1,8-cineole and camphor was a common trace of the Lavandula pedunculata subsp. pedunculata EOs and in in vitro axillary shoots EOs. Lavandula pedunculata subsp. lusitanica EOs were predominantly constituted of fenchone and camphor. The antioxidant activity of L. pedunculata subsp. lusitanica EOs was poorer than other Lavandula EOs from Portugal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Vairinhos
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Maria Graça Miguel
- Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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Miastkowska M, Kantyka T, Bielecka E, Kałucka U, Kamińska M, Kucharska M, Kilanowicz A, Cudzik D, Cudzik K. Enhanced Biological Activity of a Novel Preparation of Lavandula angustifolia Essential Oil. Molecules 2021; 26:2458. [PMID: 33922508 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Lavandula angustifolia, one of the most popular medicinal plants, is the source of a bioactive essential oil characterized by a wide spectrum of biological activity, e.g., antiseptic, analgesic, and anticancer effects. In dermatology, the oil helps to relieve skin inflammation and exhibit wound healing potential. However, the mechanism of action of the lavender oil depends on its composition, which in turn is dependent on the origin and growing conditions. Our study aimed to compare the composition and proregenerative properties of the commercially-available narrow-leaved lavender oil produced in Provence, France, with the oil obtained from the narrow-leaved lavender cultivated locally in Poland. GC/MS analysis showed that self-manufactured essential oil had lower linalool content than commercial oil (23.2 vs. 40.2%), comparable linalyl acetate content (40.6 vs. 44%), while the proportion of lavandulyl acetate was significantly higher (23.2 vs. 5.5%). To determine the influence of lavender oil on the production of proinflammatory cytokines and proregenerative growth factors, gene expression of the selected signaling molecules by HaCaT cells was investigated using real-time PCR. Results showed a concentration-dependent effect of lavender oils on the production of IL-6, IL-8, and VEGF by the keratinocyte cell line. Finally, the potential of the lavender oil to increase the production of VEGF, the most important angiogenic factor, with the in-house preparation performing significantly better in the in vitro cell models was identified.
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Nakamura Y, Ochiai T, Makino K, Shimada N. Boronic Acid-Catalyzed Final-Stage Site-Selective Acylation for the Total Syntheses of O-3'-Acyl Bisabolol β-D-Fucopyranoside Natural Products and Their Analogues. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2021; 69:281-285. [PMID: 33642477 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c20-00834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The first concise total syntheses of O-3'-senecioyl α-bisabolol β-D-fucopyranoside (4a) and O-3'-isovaleroyl α-bisabolol β-D-fucopyranoside (4b) were achieved through final-stage site-selective acylation via the activation of cis-vicinal diols by imidazole-containing boronic acid catalysts as a key step. This synthetic method was also effective for the syntheses of unnatural analogues with modified acyl side chains or carbohydrate moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nakamura
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry for Drug Development and Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University
| | - Takayuki Ochiai
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry for Drug Development and Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University
| | - Kazuishi Makino
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry for Drug Development and Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University
| | - Naoyuki Shimada
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry for Drug Development and Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University
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Lieshchova MA, Brygadyrenko VV. Influence of Lavandula angustifolia, Melissa officinalis and Vitex angus-castus on the organism of rats fed with excessive fat-containing diet. Regul Mech Biosyst 2021. [DOI: 10.15421/022125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant food additives are becoming more and more popular and broadly applied products, though the information on risks they poses to the organism is limited and contradictive. Obesity and overeating are some of the commonest health issues around the world, and people are increasingly consuming workability-enhancing preparations as a simple and fast method of weight control. The plant-based preparations are considered less harmful than the synthetic chemical ones. Lavandula angustifolia Mill., Melissa officinalis L. and Vitex angus-castus L. are broadly used as food additives and medicinal plants, despite the fact that their complex physiological assessment on model animals in the conditions of obesity has not yet been performed. We carried out a 30-day experiment on white male rats. All the animals were given high-fat diet, and the experimental animals, in addition to this diet, received 5% crumbled dry herbs of L. angustifolia, M. officinalis or V. angus-castus. Taking into account the overall amount of consumed food, the mean daily gain in body weight; at the end of the experiment, we determined the index of the weight of the internal organs, biochemical and morphological blood parameters. At the beginning and the end of the experiment, the rats were examined for motor and orienting activities, and emotional status. Rats on high-fat diet gained up to 112% body weight by the end of the experiment, while rats that had received V. angus-castus gained up to 119%, M. officinalis – 135%, L. angustifolia – 139%, compared with the initial body weight. Addition of medicinal plants to the diet led to increase in average daily weight increment, significantly and reliably after consuming lavender and lemon balm, less significantly and unreliably after eating Vitex. L. angustifolia and M. officinalis reduced the relative brain weight, and ingestion of L. angustifolia and M. officinalis caused notable decrease in the relative mass of the thymus (down to 58% and 47% of the relative weight of thymus in animals of the control group respectively). Also, these plants decreased the motor and orienting activities of the rats by the end of the experiment. As for the biochemical parameters of blood, the activity of alkaline phosphatase significantly increased to 406% following consumption of Melissa, to 350% after consuming lavender, and to 406% after Vitex, compared to the control group. Furthermore, all the groups were observed to have increased AST and ALT activities. Intake of lavender led to increases in cholesterol (to 125%) and LDL cholesterol (to 228%), whereas the groups that consumed lemon balm were observed to have decreases in urea nitrogen (to 79%), totalbilirubin (to 63%) and triglycerides (to 63%). Addition of Vitex led to increase in the index of aterogenecity against the background of notable fall in HDL cholesterol (to 52% of the control group). The medicinal plants also contributed to the normalization of the glucose level. Morphological analysis of blood revealed no significant changes, except heightened content of monocytes in blood, which is characteristic of all groups, including the control. Effects of L. angustifolia, M. officinalis and V. angus-castus on the organism of rats on excessive-fat diet require additional histological, histochemical and immunological surveys.
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Valle JAB, Valle RDCSC, Bierhalz ACK, Bezerra FM, Hernandez AL, Lis Arias MJ. Chitosan microcapsules: Methods of the production and use in the textile finishing. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Członka S, Kairytė A, Miedzińska K, Strąkowska A. Polyurethane Hybrid Composites Reinforced with Lavender Residue Functionalized with Kaolinite and Hydroxyapatite. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:415. [PMID: 33467655 PMCID: PMC7829896 DOI: 10.3390/ma14020415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Polyurethane (PUR) composites were modified with 2 wt.% of lavender fillers functionalized with kaolinite (K) and hydroxyapatite (HA). The impact of lavender fillers on selected properties of PUR composites, such as rheological properties (dynamic viscosity, foaming behavior), mechanical properties (compressive strength, flexural strength, impact strength), insulation properties (thermal conductivity), thermal characteristic (temperature of thermal decomposition stages), flame retardancy (e.g., ignition time, limiting oxygen index, heat peak release) and performance properties (water uptake, contact angle) was investigated. Among all modified types of PUR composites, the greatest improvement was observed for PUR composites filled with lavender fillers functionalized with kaolinite and hydroxyapatite. For example, on the addition of functionalized lavender fillers, the compressive strength was enhanced by ~16-18%, flexural strength by ~9-12%, and impact strength by ~7%. Due to the functionalization of lavender filler with thermally stable flame retardant compounds, such modified PUR composites were characterized by higher temperatures of thermal decomposition. Most importantly, PUR composites filled with flame retardant compounds exhibited improved flame resistance characteristics-in both cases, the value of peak heat release was reduced by ~50%, while the value of total smoke release was reduced by ~30%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Członka
- Institute of Polymer & Dye Technology, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (K.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Agnė Kairytė
- Laboratory of Thermal Insulating Materials and Acoustics, Institute of Building Materials, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Linkmenu st. 28, LT-08217 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Karolina Miedzińska
- Institute of Polymer & Dye Technology, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (K.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Anna Strąkowska
- Institute of Polymer & Dye Technology, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (K.M.); (A.S.)
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Cervi A, Vo Y, Chai CLL, Banwell MG, Lan P, Willis AC. Gold(I)-Catalyzed Intramolecular Hydroarylation of Phenol-Derived Propiolates and Certain Related Ethers as a Route to Selectively Functionalized Coumarins and 2 H-Chromenes. J Org Chem 2021; 86:178-198. [PMID: 33253562 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Methods are reported for the efficient assembly of a series of phenol-derived propiolates, including the parent system 56, and their Au(I)-catalyzed cyclization (intramolecular hydroarylation) to give the corresponding coumarins (e.g., 1). Simple syntheses of natural products such as ayapin (144) and scoparone (145) have been realized by such means, and the first of these subject to single-crystal X-ray analysis. A related process is described for the conversion of propargyl ethers such as 156 into the isomeric 2H-chromene precocene I (159), a naturally occurring inhibitor of juvenile hormone biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aymeric Cervi
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia.,Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, 8 Biomedical Grove, #07-01 Neuros, 138665, Singapore
| | - Yen Vo
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Christina L L Chai
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, 8 Biomedical Grove, #07-01 Neuros, 138665, Singapore.,Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, 117543, Singapore
| | - Martin G Banwell
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia.,Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Ping Lan
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Anthony C Willis
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
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(Lupoae) SDR, Mihalcea L, Aprodu I, Socaci SA, Cotârleț M, Enachi E, Crăciunescu O, Barbu V, Oancea A, Dulf FV, Alexe P, Bahrim GE, Râpeanu G, Stănciuc N. Fostering Lavender as a Source for Valuable Bioactives for Food and Pharmaceutical Applications through Extraction and Microencapsulation. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215001. [PMID: 33126733 PMCID: PMC7662620 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lavender flowers were used in this study as a source of phytochemicals as naturally occurring antioxidants. Two different extraction techniques were applied, such as ultrasound-assisted (UAE) and supercritical fluids (SCE) methods. The comparative evaluation of the phytochemicals profile evidenced a higher content of chlorophyll a and b of 5.22 ± 0.12 mg/g dry weight (D.W.) and 2.95 ± 0.16 mg/g D.W, whereas the carotenoids content was 18.24 ± 0.04 mg/g D.W. in the SCE extract. Seven main compounds were found in both extracts: β-linalool, eucalyptol, linalool acetate, β-trans-ocimene, and limonene in SCE and linalool acetate, β-linalool, 6-methyl-2-(2-oxiranyl)-5-hepten-2-ol, linalool oxide, lavandulyl acetate and camphor in UAE. The (n-3) acids had a higher contribution in SCE. The extracts were microencapsulated in different combinations of wall materials based on polysaccharides and milk proteins. The four variants showed different phytochemical and morphological profiles, with a better encapsulating efficiency for proteins (up to 98%), but with a higher content of encapsulated carotenoids for polysaccharides, the latter showing remarkable antimicrobial activity against selected microorganisms. Carboxymethyl cellulose and whey proteins led to a double encapsulation of lipophilic compounds. The powders were tested in two food matrices as ingredients, with multiple targeted functions, such as flavoring, antimicrobial, antioxidant activity that can successfully replace synthetic additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Daniela Radu (Lupoae)
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Domnească Street 111, 800201 Galati, Romania; (S.D.R.); (L.M.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (E.E.); (V.B.); (P.A.); (G.E.B.); (G.R.)
| | - Liliana Mihalcea
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Domnească Street 111, 800201 Galati, Romania; (S.D.R.); (L.M.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (E.E.); (V.B.); (P.A.); (G.E.B.); (G.R.)
| | - Iuliana Aprodu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Domnească Street 111, 800201 Galati, Romania; (S.D.R.); (L.M.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (E.E.); (V.B.); (P.A.); (G.E.B.); (G.R.)
| | - Sonia A. Socaci
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Manastur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Mihaela Cotârleț
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Domnească Street 111, 800201 Galati, Romania; (S.D.R.); (L.M.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (E.E.); (V.B.); (P.A.); (G.E.B.); (G.R.)
| | - Elena Enachi
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Domnească Street 111, 800201 Galati, Romania; (S.D.R.); (L.M.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (E.E.); (V.B.); (P.A.); (G.E.B.); (G.R.)
| | - Oana Crăciunescu
- National Institute of Research and & Development for Biological Sciences, 296 Splaiul Independentei, 060031 București, Romania; (O.C.); (A.O.)
| | - Vasilica Barbu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Domnească Street 111, 800201 Galati, Romania; (S.D.R.); (L.M.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (E.E.); (V.B.); (P.A.); (G.E.B.); (G.R.)
| | - Anca Oancea
- National Institute of Research and & Development for Biological Sciences, 296 Splaiul Independentei, 060031 București, Romania; (O.C.); (A.O.)
| | - Francisc Vasile Dulf
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Environmental and Plant Protection, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Manastur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Petru Alexe
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Domnească Street 111, 800201 Galati, Romania; (S.D.R.); (L.M.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (E.E.); (V.B.); (P.A.); (G.E.B.); (G.R.)
| | - Gabriela Elena Bahrim
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Domnească Street 111, 800201 Galati, Romania; (S.D.R.); (L.M.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (E.E.); (V.B.); (P.A.); (G.E.B.); (G.R.)
| | - Gabriela Râpeanu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Domnească Street 111, 800201 Galati, Romania; (S.D.R.); (L.M.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (E.E.); (V.B.); (P.A.); (G.E.B.); (G.R.)
| | - Nicoleta Stănciuc
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Domnească Street 111, 800201 Galati, Romania; (S.D.R.); (L.M.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (E.E.); (V.B.); (P.A.); (G.E.B.); (G.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-0336-130-183
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Ogata K, Ataka K, Suzuki H, Yagi T, Okawa A, Fukumoto T, Zhang B, Nakata M, Yada T, Asakawa A. Lavender Oil Reduces Depressive Mood in Healthy Individuals and Enhances the Activity of Single Oxytocin Neurons of the Hypothalamus Isolated from Mice: A Preliminary Study. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2020; 2020:5418586. [PMID: 32733584 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5418586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of lavender oil inhalation on blood pressure, pulse measurements, cortisol levels, depressive mood, and anxiety in healthy male adults. The mechanism was investigated by the action on oxytocin single neurons in the hypothalamus of rodents. Methods The participants (n = 7) were aged 20–40 years. After randomisation, they received an inhaled dose of lavender oil or distilled water for 20 min. They received the other treatment after a washout period of one week. We assessed the outcomes using the Self-Rating Depression Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and self-rated unidimensional Visual Analogue Scale for depression; anxiety; and hunger, thirst, and appetite, respectively. Blood pressure, pulse rate, and cortisol concentration in the peripheral blood were assessed before and after inhalation. In the rodent study (n = 4), oxytocin single neurons were isolated from the mouse hypothalamus. Intracellular Ca2+ concentration in the oxytocin neurons isolated from the hypothalamus was measured following direct administration of lavender oil. Results Seven participants completed the study. Lavender inhalation decreased Self-Rating Depression Scale score and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Ex vivo administration of lavender oil increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration in the hypothalamic oxytocin neurons. Conclusions Lavender oil might be a useful therapy for stress relief, and its mechanism of action may include activation of the central oxytocin neurons.
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Villalpando M, Saavedra-Molina A, Rosas G. A facile synthesis of silver nanowires and their evaluation in the mitochondrial membrane potential. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2020; 114:110973. [PMID: 32994023 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanowires (AgNWs) with a high-aspect-ratio were successfully synthesized by a green method using Lavandula angustifolia plant extract. The morphology of the AgNWs was evaluated as a function of the concentration of precursor salt and nucleating agent. Furthermore, AgNWs were analyzed in a biological model using rat liver mitochondria by measuring their effect on membrane potential. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques structurally characterized the nanowires obtained. Also, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) investigated the optical properties of AgNWs. Structural studies show AgNWs fcc with lengths up to 100 μm and diameters ranging from 60 to 130 nm growing in the [110] orientation. Both the CuSO4 nucleating agent and the centrifugation process are essential for the growth of nanowires. Furthermore, inhibition of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) depends on the concentration of the nanowires (NWs), suggesting dissipation of the electron transport chain. In this way, AgNWs can be used as a potential tool to verify biological reactions, such as modulation of metabolic pathways, together with the evaluation of a possible influence of biotic or abiotic factors in organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Villalpando
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Metalurgia y Materiales, UMSNH, edificio U., Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 58000 Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico.
| | - Alfredo Saavedra-Molina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, UMSNH, edificio B-3, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 58000 Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico.
| | - G Rosas
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Metalurgia y Materiales, UMSNH, edificio U., Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 58000 Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico.
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Sayed AM, Morsy S, Tawfik GM, Naveed S, Minh-Duc NT, Hieu TH, Ali ZA, Shinkar A, Doheim MF, Hashan MR, Huy NT. The best route of administration of lavender for anxiety: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2020; 64:33-40. [PMID: 32088511 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is preliminary evidence for lavender as an anxiolytic agent through various routes of administration. Our goal is to elucidate the best route of administration for lavender as a treatment for anxiety. METHODS Thirteen electronic search engines were systematically scanned for relevant publications. The relevant articles were included after the title and abstract screening followed by the full-text screening. This study included randomized control trials reporting lavender for the treatment of anxiety. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42017076711). Frequentist network meta-analysis and Bayesian meta-regression were conducted to report the best treatment modality and the effect of covariates on the effectiveness as an anxiolytic. Treatment arms were ordered according P-scores, where higher P-score indicates better treatment choice. RESULTS Forty studies were eligible for qualitative analysis, and 32 were included in quantitative analysis. Lavender aromatherapy was the best approach for the treatment of anxiety among other lavender modalities at the first week recording [Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) = -0.57, 95% CI (-1.14-0.01), P-score = 0.72], in addition to achieve at the first time points [SMD = -0, 95% CI (-0.97 ̶ -0.16), P-score = 0.69], compared to placebo; however, lavender massage along with foot bath were found to be the most efficacious for anxiety treatment at the study endpoint [SMD = -1.10, 95% CI = (-7.41 ̶ 5.21), P-score = 0.65]. Furthermore, network meta-regression revealed that the duration of therapy influenced treatment, suggesting Silexan (oral lavender) 80 mg (first rank probability = .116) as the favorable option for anxiety in long-term treatment. CONCLUSIONS Lavender aromatherapy is, clinically, superior in short-duration, while Silexan (oral lavender) 80 mg is preferable for long-term treatment of anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Sayed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Online Research Club (www.onlineresearchclub.org), Japan
| | - Sara Morsy
- Online Research Club (www.onlineresearchclub.org), Japan; Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Gehad Mohamed Tawfik
- Online Research Club (www.onlineresearchclub.org), Japan; Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sadiq Naveed
- Online Research Club (www.onlineresearchclub.org), Japan; MD. Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas, USA.
| | - Nguyen Tran Minh-Duc
- Online Research Club (www.onlineresearchclub.org), Japan; University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Truong Hong Hieu
- Online Research Club (www.onlineresearchclub.org), Japan; University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Ziad A Ali
- Online Research Club (www.onlineresearchclub.org), Japan; Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Shinkar
- Online Research Club (www.onlineresearchclub.org), Japan; Psychiatry Department, Ain-Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Fahmy Doheim
- Online Research Club (www.onlineresearchclub.org), Japan; Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Rashidul Hashan
- Online Research Club (www.onlineresearchclub.org), Japan; Medical Officer, Respiratory and Enteric Infections Department, Infectious Disease Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease and Research (Icddrb), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nguyen Tien Huy
- Evidence Based Medicine Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Viet Nam.
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Guo D, Kang K, Wang P, Li M, Huang X. Transcriptome profiling of spike provides expression features of genes related to terpene biosynthesis in lavender. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6933. [PMID: 32332830 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63950-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) is an important economic plant because of the value of its essential oil (EO). The Yili Valley in Xinjiang has become the largest lavender planting base in China. However, there is a lack of research on the gene expression regulation of EO biosynthesis and metabolism in local varieties. Here, de novo transcriptome analysis of inflorescence of three development stages from initial flower bud to flowering stage 50% from two lavender cultivars with contrasting EO production revealed the dynamics of 100,177 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) in various stages of spike development within and across the cultivars. The lavender transcriptome contained 77 DETs with annotations related to terpenoid biosynthesis. The expression profiles of the 27 genes involved in the methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway, 22 genes in the mevalonate (MVA) pathway, 28 genes related to monoterpene and sesquiterpene biosynthesis during inflorescence development were comprehensively characterized, and possible links between the expression changes of genes and contents of EO constituents were explored. The upregulated genes were mainly concentrated in the MEP pathway, while most genes in the MVA pathway were downregulated during flower development, and cultivars with a higher EO content presented higher expression of genes in the MEP pathway, indicating that EOs were chiefly produced through the MEP pathway. Additionally, MYB transcription factors constituted the largest number of transcripts in all samples, suggesting their potential roles in regulating EO biosynthesis. The sequences and transcriptional patterns of the transcripts will be helpful for understanding the molecular basis of lavender terpene biosynthesis.
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Chen X, Zhang L, Qian C, Du Z, Xu P, Xiang Z. Chemical compositions of essential oil extracted from Lavandula angustifolia and its prevention of TPA-induced inflammation. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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46
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An N, Pourzal S, Luccioli S, Vukmanović S. Effects of diet on skin sensitization by nickel, poison ivy, and sesquiterpene lactones. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 137:111137. [PMID: 31982450 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Skin contact or exposure to sensitizers often occurs as a consequence of occupational exposures (e.g. poison ivy in forestry), wearing jewelry (e.g. nickel), or use of cosmetics (e.g. fragrances). However, many of the known skin sensitizers or their chemical variants are also consumed orally through foods or other sources. Since oral exposure to antigenic substances can lead to tolerance, consumption of sensitizers may impact the development and potency of skin sensitization, especially if the sensitizer is consumed early in life, prior to the first skin contact. To address this issue, we have reviewed human clinical and epidemiological literature relevant to this subject and evaluated whether early oral exposures to relevant sensitizers, or their chemical variants, are associated with reduced prevalence of skin sensitization to three main allergic sensitizers - nickel, urushiols of poison ivy, and sesquiterpene lactones of chrysanthemum and other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan An
- Cosmetics Division, Office of Cosmetics and Colors (OCAC), Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), USA
| | - Selma Pourzal
- Cosmetics Division, Office of Cosmetics and Colors (OCAC), Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), USA
| | - Stefano Luccioli
- Office of Compliance (OC), Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), USA
| | - Stanislav Vukmanović
- Cosmetics Division, Office of Cosmetics and Colors (OCAC), Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), USA.
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Wells RS, Adal AM, Bauer L, Najafianashrafi E, Mahmoud SS. Cloning and functional characterization of a floral repressor gene from Lavandula angustifolia. Planta 2020; 251:41. [PMID: 31907678 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03333-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Using RNA-Seq, we identified genes involved in floral development in lavenders and functionally characterized the floral repressor LaSVP. The molecular aspects of flower initiation and development have not been adequately investigated in lavender (Lavandula). In order to identify genes that control these processes, we employed RNA-Seq to obtain sequence information for transcripts originating from the vegetative shoot apical meristem (SAM) and developing inflorescence tissues of Lavandula angustifolia and Lavandula × intermedia plants, and assemble a comprehensive transcriptome of 105,294 contigs. Homology-based annotation provided gene ontology terms for the majority of transcripts, including over 100 genes homologous to those that control flower initiation and organ identity in Arabidopsis thaliana. Expression analysis revealed that most of these genes are differentially expressed during flower development. For example, LaSVP, a homolog of the floral repressor SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP), was strongly expressed in vegetative SAM compared to developing flowers, implicating its potential involvement in flowering repression in lavender. To investigate LaSVP further, we constitutively expressed the gene in transformed A. thaliana plants, evaluating its effects on flower initiation and morphology. Expression of the LaSVP in A. thaliana delayed flowering and affected flower organ identity in a dosage-dependent manner. Two of the highest expressing lines produced sepals instead of petals and were sterile as they failed to develop proper seed pods. This study provides the foundation for future investigations aimed at elucidating flower initiation and development in lavender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca S Wells
- Department of Biology, The University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, 1177 Research Road, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Ayelign M Adal
- Department of Biology, The University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, 1177 Research Road, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Lina Bauer
- Department of Biology, The University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, 1177 Research Road, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Elaheh Najafianashrafi
- Department of Biology, The University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, 1177 Research Road, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Soheil S Mahmoud
- Department of Biology, The University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, 1177 Research Road, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada.
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48
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Shaimerdenova Z. Production Technology of Phytopreparations Based on Essential Oils. Eurasian Chem Tech J 2019. [DOI: 10.18321/ectj893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The article provides an overview of phytopreparations technology based on essential oils, in particular: criteria for the selection of components, qualitative and quantitative compositions analyzes, parameters of the technological cycle of production of drugs, problems of standardization and quality control of stages of the production of original drugs. A number of standard samples based on terpenoids for phased quality control of the production of medicinal products are described, which are included in the European, Kazakhstan and Japanese pharmacopeias. The main countries producing essential oils and their components, as well as manufacturers of phytopreparations based on them are indicated. The modern technologies for the production of essential oils from plant materials are reviewed, namely: microwave and ultrasonic extractions, supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and micro-steam distillation with solid phase microextraction. The dosage forms of preparations based on essential oils (tablets, ointments, gels, oil solutions, suppositories, sprays, aerosols, nanocapsules), their relationship with bioavailability and therapeutic effect are discussed. Promising dosage forms that ensure dosage accuracy for the targeted action of drugs based on essential oils have been identified.
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Łyczko J, Jałoszyński K, Surma M, García-Garví JM, Carbonell-Barrachina ÁA, Szumny A. Determination of Various Drying Methods' Impact on Odour Quality of True Lavender ( Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) Flowers. Molecules 2019; 24:E2900. [PMID: 31405026 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
True lavender flowers (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) is a critical source of essential oils and a flavouring agent used in numerous industries like foods, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. Its main volatile constituents are linalool and linalyl acetate, which are commonly considered as main odour-active constituents (OACs). Nevertheless, the quality of true lavender flowers is highly dependent on its post-harvest treatment, mainly the preservation method. Recognising that drying is the most frequently used preservation method, the influence of various drying methods, including convective drying (CD) at 50, 60 and 70 °C, vacuum-microwave drying (VMD) with powers 240, 360 and 480 W and combined convective pre-drying at 60 °C followed by vacuum-microwave finish-drying with power 480 W (CPD-VMFD), on the quality of true lavender flowers was verified. The evaluation of influence was carried out by HS-SPME(HS, solid-phase microextraction), GC-MS, GC-MS-O (gas chromatography–mass spectrometry–olfactometry) techniques. Moreover, the sensory panel has assessed the sample odour quality. As a result, the optimal drying methods regarding the requirements for products were established. Overall, for total essential oil recovery, CD at 50 °C is the optimal drying method, while for odour quality concerning the sensory panel evaluation, VMD with power 360 W combined CPD-VMFD and CD at 50 °C is the optimal drying method.
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50
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Garzoli S, Turchetti G, Giacomello P, Tiezzi A, Laghezza Masci V, Ovidi E. Liquid and Vapour Phase of Lavandin ( Lavandula × intermedia) Essential Oil: Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity. Molecules 2019; 24:E2701. [PMID: 31349556 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24152701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils from Lavandula genus and the obtained hybrids are widely used for different purposes such as perfume production in the cosmetic field and for its biological properties. This is the first study on the liquid and vapour phase of Lavandula × intermedia “Grosso” essential oil grown in the Lazio Region, Italy, investigated using headspace coupled to gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (HS-GC/MS). The results showed the most abundant components were linalool and linalyl acetate, followed by 1,8-cineole and terpinen-4-ol, while lavandulyl acetate and borneol were identified as minor compounds, maintaining the same proportion in both the liquid and vapour phase. Furthermore, we tested lavandin liquid and vapour phase essential oil on gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter bohemicus, and Pseudomonas fluorescens) and gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus cereus and Kocuria marina).
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