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Roy D, Subramaniam B, Chong WC, Bornhorst M, Packer RJ, Nazarian J. Zebrafish-A Suitable Model for Rapid Translation of Effective Therapies for Pediatric Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1361. [PMID: 38611039 PMCID: PMC11010887 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16071361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Pediatric cancers are the leading cause of disease-related deaths in children and adolescents. Most of these tumors are difficult to treat and have poor overall survival. Concerns have also been raised about drug toxicity and long-term detrimental side effects of therapies. In this review, we discuss the advantages and unique attributes of zebrafish as pediatric cancer models and their importance in targeted drug discovery and toxicity assays. We have also placed a special focus on zebrafish models of pediatric brain cancers-the most common and difficult solid tumor to treat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasish Roy
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC 20012, USA; (D.R.)
| | - Bavani Subramaniam
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC 20012, USA; (D.R.)
| | - Wai Chin Chong
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC 20012, USA; (D.R.)
| | - Miriam Bornhorst
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC 20012, USA; (D.R.)
| | - Roger J. Packer
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC 20012, USA; (D.R.)
| | - Javad Nazarian
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC 20012, USA; (D.R.)
- DIPG/DMG Research Center Zurich, Children’s Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University Children’s Hospital Zürich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
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Chung MH, Aimaier R, Yu Q, Li H, Li Y, Wei C, Gu Y, Wang W, Guo Z, Long M, Li Q, Wang Z. RRM2 as a novel prognostic and therapeutic target of NF1-associated MPNST. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2023; 46:1399-1413. [PMID: 37086345 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00819-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are aggressive sarcomas that typically develop in the setting of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and cause significant morbidity. Conventional therapies are often ineffective for MPNSTs. Ribonucleotide reductase subunit M2 (RRM2) is involved in DNA synthesis and repair, and is overexpressed in multiple cancers. However, its role in NF1-associated MPNSTs remains unknown. Our objective was to determine the therapeutic and prognostic potential of RRM2 in NF1-associated MPNSTs. METHODS Identification of hub genes was performed by using NF1-associated MPNST microarray datasets. We detected RRM2 expression by immunochemical staining in an MPNST tissue microarray, and assessed the clinical and prognostic significance of RRM2 in an MPNST cohort. RRM2 knockdown and the RRM2 inhibitor Triapine were used to assess cell proliferation and apoptosis in NF1-associated MPNST cells in vitro and in vivo. The underlying mechanism of RRM2 in NF1-associated MPNST was revealed by transcriptome analysis. RESULTS RRM2 is a key hub gene and its expression is significantly elevated in NF1-associated MPNST. We revealed that high RRM2 expression accounted for a larger proportion of NF1-associated MPNSTs and confirmed the correlation of high RRM2 expression with poor overall survival. Knockdown of RRM2 inhibited NF1-associated MPNST cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis and S-phase arrest. The RRM2 inhibitor Triapine displayed dose-dependent inhibitory effects in vitro and induced significant tumor growth reduction in vivo in NF1-associated MPNST. Analysis of transcriptomic changes induced by RRM2 knockdown revealed suppression of the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway. Overexpression of RRM2 activates the AKT pathway to promote NF1-associated MPNST cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS RRM2 expression is significantly elevated in NF1-associated MPNST and that high RRM2 expression correlates with poorer outcomes. RRM2 acts as an integral part in the promotion of NF1-associated MPNST cell proliferation via the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway. Inhibition of RRM2 may be a promising therapeutic strategy for NF1-associated MPNST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Hon Chung
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Rehanguli Aimaier
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingxiong Yu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuehua Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengjiang Wei
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihui Gu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zizhen Guo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Manmei Long
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhichao Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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Aimaier R, Chung MH, Gu Y, Yu Q, Wei C, Li H, Guo Z, Long M, Li Y, Wang W, Li Q, Wang Z. FOXM1 promotes neurofibromatosis type 1-associated malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor progression in a NUF2-dependent manner. Cancer Gene Ther 2023; 30:1390-1402. [PMID: 37488294 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00645-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are aggressive soft-tissue sarcomas characterized by poor prognosis and low drug response rates. Traditional chemo/radiotherapies show only mild benefits for patients with MPNSTs, and no targeted therapy is available in the clinic. A better understanding of the molecular background of MPNSTs is critical for the development of effective targeted therapies. Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) has been implicated in the progression of many human malignancies, though its role in MPNSTs is unclear. In this study, using four Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets and a tissue microarray, we demonstrated that FOXM1 upregulation was associated with poor prognosis in patients with MPNSTs. FOXM1 overexpression and knockdown regulated the proliferation and colony formation of MPNST cells. Using bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assays, we identified NUF2 as a direct downstream target of FOXM1. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that the induction of MPNST cell proliferation by FOXM1 was dependent on elevated NUF2 expression, as NUF2 knockdown abolished the FOXM1-induced proliferation of MPNST cells. Our study showed that the FOXM1-NUF2 axis mediates human MPNST progression and could be a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehanguli Aimaier
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Man-Hon Chung
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihui Gu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingxiong Yu
- Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengjiang Wei
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haibo Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zizhen Guo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Manmei Long
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuehua Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhichao Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Bhandarkar AR, Bhandarkar S, Babovic-Vuksanovic D, Parney IF, Spinner RJ. Characterizing T-cell dysfunction and exclusion signatures in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors reveals susceptibilities to immunotherapy. J Neurooncol 2023; 164:693-699. [PMID: 37755632 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-023-04467-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are malignant tumors that arise from peripheral nerves and are the leading cause of mortality in Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1). In this study, we characterized whether transcriptomic signatures of T-cell dysfunction (TCD) and exclusion (TCE) that inversely correlate with response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) immunotherapy exist in MPNSTs. METHODS MPNST transcriptomes were pooled from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). For each sample, a tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) score, TCD and TCE subscores, and cytotoxic T-cell(CTL) level were calculated. In the TIDE predictive algorithm, tumors are predicted to have an ICB response if they are either immunologically hot (CTL-high) without TCD or immunologically cold (CTL-low) without TCE. TIDE scores greater than zero correspond with ICB nonresponse. RESULTS 73 MPNST samples met inclusion criteria, including 50 NF1-associated MPNSTs (68.5%). The average TIDE score was + 0.41 (SD = 1.16) with 22 (30.1%) predicted ICB responders. 11 samples were CTL-high (15.1%) with an average TCD score of + 0.99 (SD = 0.63). Among 62 CTL-low tumors, 21 were predicted to have ICB response with an average TCE score of + 0.31(SD = 1.20). Age(p = 0.18), sex(p = 0.41), NF1 diagnosis (p = 0.17), and PRC2 loss(p = 0.29) were not associated with ICB responder status. CONCLUSIONS Transcriptomic analysis of TCD and TCE signatures in MPNST samples reveals that a select subset of patients with MPNSTs may benefit from ICB immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shaan Bhandarkar
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dusica Babovic-Vuksanovic
- Division of Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Laboratory Genetics and Genomics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ian F Parney
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Robert J Spinner
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Makise N, Shimoi T, Sunami K, Aoyagi Y, Kobayashi H, Tanaka S, Kawai A, Yonemori K, Ushiku T, Yoshida A. Loss of H3K27 trimethylation in a distinct group of de-differentiated chordoma of the skull base. Histopathology 2023; 82:420-430. [PMID: 36217885 DOI: 10.1111/his.14823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
De-differentiated chordoma is defined as a high-grade sarcoma lacking notochordal differentiation, which arises in association with conventional chordoma. The mechanism underlying de-differentiation remains unclear. We immunohistochemically investigated trimethylation at lysine 27 of histone 3 (H3K27me3) in nine de-differentiated chordomas. The tumours occurred at the skull base (n = 5) or the sacrum (n = 4) in four men and five women with a median age of 50 years. De-differentiation occurred de novo in four cases and at recurrence/metastasis in five cases. Five tumours retained H3K27me3, whereas four showed complete loss of H3K27me3 only in the de-differentiated component, while the conventional chordoma component retained H3K27me3. All the H3K27me3-negative tumours showed co-loss of dimethylation at H3K27 (H3K27me2), consistent with inactivation of polycomb repressive complex 2. Two genetically analysed H3K27me3-negative tumours harboured EED homozygous deletions. All four H3K27me3-negative de-differentiated chordomas affected the skull base of young or middle-aged women. Unlike dense proliferation of highly pleomorphic spindle or epithelioid cells in the H3K27me3-positive de-differentiated chordomas, all H3K27me3-negative tumours displayed swirling fascicles of relatively uniform spindle cells with alternating cellularity and perivascular accentuation, resembling malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST). Rhabdomyoblastic differentiation was present in one H3K27me3-negative tumour. We identified a novel group of de-differentiated chordomas in the skull base that lost H3K27me3/me2 only in the de-differentiated component, which was associated with EED homozygous deletion and MPNST-like histology. Our data suggest a distinct 'polycomb-type' de-differentiation pathway in chordoma, similar to a recently described de-differentiated chondrosarcoma with H3K27me3 loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohiro Makise
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo
| | - Tatsunori Shimoi
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo.,Rare Cancer Center, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo
| | - Kuniko Sunami
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo
| | - Yasuko Aoyagi
- Department of Precision Cancer Medicine, Center for Innovative Cancer Treatment, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo
| | - Hiroshi Kobayashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Shota Tanaka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Akira Kawai
- Rare Cancer Center, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo.,Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo
| | - Kan Yonemori
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo.,Rare Cancer Center, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo
| | - Tetsuo Ushiku
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo
| | - Akihiko Yoshida
- Rare Cancer Center, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo.,Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Tekavec K, Švara T, Knific T, Mlakar J, Gombač M, Cantile C. Loss of H3K27me3 expression in canine nerve sheath tumors. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:921720. [PMID: 35968018 PMCID: PMC9372589 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.921720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nerve sheath tumors (NSTs) are characterized by neoplastic proliferation of Schwann cells, perineurial cells, endoneurial and/or epineurial fibroblasts. Diagnosis of NST is often challenging, particularly in distinguishing malignant NST (MNST) from other soft tissue sarcomas, or sometimes between low-grade MNST and benign NST. Recent studies in human pathology have demonstrated loss of trimethylation at lysine 27 of histone 3 (H3K27me3) in a subset of MNSTs using immunohistochemistry. Loss of H3K27me3 expression is rare in other high-grade sarcomas and also appears to be useful in distinguishing benign and low-grade MNSTs from high-grade subsets. In our retrospective study, we performed H3K27me3 immunohistochemistry in 68 canine tumors previously diagnosed as NST. We detected loss of H3K27me3 expression in 25% (n = 17) of all canine NST, including one neurofibroma, whereas 49% (n = 33) of tumors had mosaic loss of expression and 26% (n = 18) retained expression. No statistically significant differences were found between H3K27me3 expression, histopathological features of tumors, and their immunoreactivity for Sox10, claudin-1, GFAP, and Ki67. Because the classification of canine NST is not yet fully established and its correlation with the prognosis and clinical course of the disease is lacking, prospective studies with possible genetic analyses are needed to assess the true diagnostic value of H3K27me3 loss in canine NST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Tekavec
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Veterinary Faculty, Institute of Pathology, Wild Animals, Fish and Bees, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- *Correspondence: Kristina Tekavec
| | - Tanja Švara
- Veterinary Faculty, Institute of Pathology, Wild Animals, Fish and Bees, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tanja Knific
- Veterinary Faculty, Institute of Food Safety, Feed and Environment, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jernej Mlakar
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mitja Gombač
- Veterinary Faculty, Institute of Pathology, Wild Animals, Fish and Bees, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Carlo Cantile
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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7
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Callahan SC, Kochat V, Liu Z, Raman AT, Divenko M, Schulz J, Terranova CJ, Ghosh AK, Tang M, Johnson FM, Wang J, Skinner HD, Pickering CR, Myers JN, Rai K. High enhancer activity is an epigenetic feature of HPV negative atypical head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:936168. [PMID: 35927986 PMCID: PMC9343809 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.936168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a heterogeneous disease with significant mortality and frequent recurrence. Prior efforts to transcriptionally classify HNSCC into groups of varying prognoses have identified four accepted molecular subtypes of the disease: Atypical (AT), Basal (BA), Classical (CL), and Mesenchymal (MS). Here, we investigate the active enhancer landscapes of these subtypes using representative HNSCC cell lines and identify samples belonging to the AT subtype as having increased enhancer activity compared to the other 3 HNSCC subtypes. Cell lines belonging to the AT subtype are more resistant to enhancer-blocking bromodomain inhibitors (BETi). Examination of nascent transcripts reveals that both AT TCGA tumors and cell lines express higher levels of enhancer RNA (eRNA) transcripts for enhancers controlling BETi resistance pathways, such as lipid metabolism and MAPK signaling. Additionally, investigation of higher-order chromatin structure suggests more enhancer-promoter (E-P) contacts in the AT subtype, including on genes identified in the eRNA analysis. Consistently, known BETi resistance pathways are upregulated upon exposure to these inhibitors. Together, our results identify that the AT subtype of HNSCC is associated with higher enhancer activity, resistance to enhancer blockade, and increased signaling through pathways that could serve as future targets for sensitizing HNSCC to BET inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Carson Callahan
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Veena Kochat
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Zhiyi Liu
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ayush T. Raman
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Graduate Program in Quantitative Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Epigenomics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Margarita Divenko
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jonathan Schulz
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Christopher J. Terranova
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Archit K. Ghosh
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ming Tang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Faye M. Johnson
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jing Wang
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Heath D Skinner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Curtis R. Pickering
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jeffrey N. Myers
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Jeffrey N. Myers, ; Kunal Rai,
| | - Kunal Rai
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Jeffrey N. Myers, ; Kunal Rai,
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Bhalla AD, Landers SM, Singh AK, Landry JP, Yeagley MG, Myerson GSB, Delgado-Baez CB, Dunnand S, Nguyen T, Ma X, Bolshakov S, Menegaz BA, Lamhamedi-Cherradi SE, Mao X, Song X, Lazar AJ, McCutcheon IE, Slopis JM, Ludwig JA, Lev DC, Rai K, Torres KE. Experimental models of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. J Transl Med 2022; 102:658-66. [PMID: 35228656 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-022-00734-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) are aggressive soft tissue sarcomas that do not respond well to current treatment modalities. The limited availability of UPS and MPNST cell lines makes it challenging to identify potential therapeutic targets in a laboratory setting. Understanding the urgent need for improved treatments for these tumors and the limited cellular models available, we generated additional cell lines to study these rare cancers. Patient-derived tumors were used to establish 4 new UPS models, including one radiation-associated UPS-UPS271.1, UPS511, UPS0103, and RIS620, one unclassified spindle cell sarcoma-USC060.1, and 3 new models of MPNST-MPNST007, MPNST3813E, and MPNST4970. This study examined the utility of the new cell lines as sarcoma models by assessing their tumorigenic potential and mutation status for known sarcoma-related genes. All the cell lines formed colonies and migrated in vitro. The in vivo tumorigenic potential of the cell lines and corresponding xenografts was determined by subcutaneous injection or xenograft re-passaging into immunocompromised mice. USC060.1 and UPS511 cells formed tumors in mice upon subcutaneous injection. UPS0103 and RIS620 tumor implants formed tumors in vivo, as did MPNST007 and MPNST3813E tumor implants. Targeted sequencing analysis of a panel of genes frequently mutated in sarcomas identified TP53, RB1, and ATRX mutations in a subset of the cell lines. These new cellular models provide the scientific community with powerful tools for detailed studies of tumorigenesis and for investigating novel therapies for UPS and MPNST.
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9
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Odeyemi OO, Ozawa MG, Charville GW. CDX2 expression in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour: a potential diagnostic pitfall associated with PRC2 inactivation. Histopathology 2022; 80:995-1000. [PMID: 35122289 PMCID: PMC9097546 DOI: 10.1111/his.14626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST) is a soft tissue sarcoma that exhibits features of Schwann cell differentiation. Heterologous, often mesenchymal-type differentiation occurs in a subset of MPNST, while glandular morphology also is encountered in rare cases. We observed in MPNST unanticipated expression of CDX2, a transcription factor that regulates intestinal epithelial differentiation, and aimed to further characterize this phenomenon. METHODS/RESULTS Expression of CDX2 was assessed by immunohistochemistry in a total of 32 high-grade MPNSTs lacking morphological evidence of epithelial differentiation, including twelve tumours (38%) that developed in the setting of neurofibromatosis and four (13%) in the setting of prior radiation therapy. CDX2 was expressed by 14 of 32 MPNSTs (44%), wherein immunoreactivity, varying from weak to strong, was present in 2-95% of neoplastic spindle cells (median 10%, mean 23%). Notably, CDX2 expression was limited to tumours with PRC2 inactivation (22/32; 69%), as evidenced immunohistochemically by diffuse loss of trimethylated histone H3K27. Analysing publicly available RNA-sequencing data from twelve MPNST cell lines, two of which are clonally related, we observed CDX2 expression in all six PRC2-inactivated cell lines, while CDX2 expression was negligible in six cell lines with intact PRC2, amounting to a 58-fold increase in CDX2 expression on average with PRC2 inactivation. CONCLUSIONS CDX2 is expressed in a subset of MPNSTs, even in the absence of morphological evidence of epithelial differentiation. CDX2 expression in MPNST is strongly associated with underlying PRC2 inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olumide O. Odeyemi
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael G. Ozawa
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gregory W. Charville
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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