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Wang W, Ye J, Wei Y, Yuan L, Wu J, Xia Z, Huang J, Wang H, Li Z, Guo J, Xiao A. Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Post-Traumatic Growth: A Cross-Sectional Study of Psychiatric Nurses Suffering from Workplace Violence in Guangdong China. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:1291-1302. [PMID: 38524859 PMCID: PMC10961019 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s450347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Workplace violence (WPV) had become an important issue that endangered the occupational safety of psychiatric nurses. A growing number of studies showed positive post-traumatic growth (PTG) resulting from coping with trauma. Objective To investigate the characteristics of PTG in psychiatric nurses who experienced violence in the workplace and analyze its influencing factors. Methods A total of 1202 psychiatric nurses participated in the study. From October 2022 to December 2022, this cross-sectional study collected data on psychiatric nurses from five tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province, China. Twenty-item Chinese version post-traumatic growth inventory (PTGI), Jefferson Scale of Empathy Health Professional (JSE-HP), Confidence in Coping with Patient Aggression Instrument (CCPAI), Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C), and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) measured PTG level, empathy, the confidence in coping with WPV, post-traumatic stress disorder, and resilience, respectively. Bivariate analysis and multiple linear regression explored potential influencing factors of PTG. This study complies with the EQUATOR (STROBE) checklist. Results The sample was composed of a total of 1202 psychiatric nurses suffering from WPV. The average score of PTGI in psychiatric nurses was above average (65.75 points; SD = 20.20). Linear regression analyses showed from single-child family (β=0.052,95% CI=0.342,5.409, P<0.05), education background (β=0.108,95% CI=1.833,5.097, P<0.001), the confidence in coping with patient aggression (β=0.106,95% CI=1.385,4.317, P<0.001), empathy (β=0.057,95% CI=0.312,4.374, P<0.05), and resilience (β=0.484,95% CI=7.737,9.575, P<0.001) were associated with PTG level. Conclusion Psychiatric nurses who were non-single child, had received higher education, had confidence in coping with patient aggression, had good resilience and strong empathy were prone to PTG after experiencing WPV. The study findings could help hospitals and nursing managers identify vulnerable individuals and take early intervention measures against such populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wang
- Geriatric Neuroscience Center, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510370, People's Republic of China
- School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, People's Republic of China
| | - Junrong Ye
- Geriatric Neuroscience Center, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510370, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanheng Wei
- Department of Nursing, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510370, People's Republic of China
| | - Lexin Yuan
- Department of Nursing, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510370, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialan Wu
- Geriatric Neuroscience Center, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510370, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhichun Xia
- Adult Psychiatry Department, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510370, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Huang
- Geriatric Neuroscience Center, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510370, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoyun Wang
- School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, People's Republic of China
| | - Zezhi Li
- Adult Psychiatry Department, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510370, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxiong Guo
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510370, People's Republic of China
| | - Aixiang Xiao
- Department of Nursing, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510370, People's Republic of China
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Bayraktar S, Ozkan M. Unchanging dynamics in posttraumatic growth in cancer patients: ways of coping and illness perception. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1223131. [PMID: 37736156 PMCID: PMC10509471 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1223131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study aims to address the positive changes due to traumatic experiences, such as being diagnosed with cancer and experiencing this disease for a certain period. Within this purpose, socio-demographic and disease-related variables, coping ways and illness perceptions that affect posttraumatic growth in cancer patients were examined. Secondly, the findings of this study, which is one of the first studies on posttraumatic growth in cancer patients in Turkey, were compared with the findings of current studies on the subject. Method Datums were collected by an interview form and three scales (Posttraumatic Growth Scale, Ways of Coping Inventory and Illness Perception Scale-R) to 78 cancer outpatients in Istanbul University Oncology Institute in 2007. Results Results showed that cancer patients have higher posttraumatic growth levels than the mean. According to analysis, posttraumatic growth total score between confrontive coping (t = -2.344, p < 0.05), self-controlling (t = -3.704, p < 0.001), accepting responsibility (t = -3.032, p < 0.01), escape-avoidance (t = -2.285, p < 0.05), planful problem solving (t = -2.502, p < 0.05), positive reappraisal (t = -5.241, p < 0.001), and seeking social support (t = -3.527, p < 0.01) has relationship. Also, there is a relation between posttraumatic growth subscales and the Revised form of Illness Perception Questionnaire; Change in relationships with others subscale (t = 2.887, p < 0.01) and Change in self-perception subscale (t = 2.660, p < 0.01) between timeline (acute/chronic), Change in self-perception subscale between timeline (cyclical) (t = -2.788, p < 0.01) and uncontrollable body factors (t = -1.916, p < 0.05) Change in philosophy of life subscale between external attributions (t = -2.057, p < 0.05) and Change in relationships with others subscale (t = -2.920, p < 0.01) between chance factors. It was found that positive reappraisal (F = 78.290, p < 0.001), self-controlling (F = 39.814, p < 0.001), and distancing (F = 46.311, p < 0.001) were significant predictors of posttraumatic growth total score. Results showed that ways of coping and illness perceptions were essential variables in posttraumatic growth. Discussion Studies on posttraumatic growth in Turkey and the world have significantly increased in recent years. This study aimed to examine the findings obtained from cancer patients in 2007 in discussion with the findings in the current literature. In this context, it is seen that the relevant variables affecting posttraumatic growth in cancer patients in different cultures do not change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Bayraktar
- Faculty of Literature, Department of Psychology, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye
| | - Mine Ozkan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
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McErlean G, Tapp C, Brice L, Gilroy N, Kabir M, Greenwood M, Larsen SR, Moore J, Gottlieb D, Hertzberg M, Brown L, Hogg M, Huang G, Ward C, Kerridge I. Predictors of post traumatic growth in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation survivors: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:235. [PMID: 37587508 PMCID: PMC10433676 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01204-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Given the increasing number of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantations (HSCT) performed world-wide, the increasing likelihood of survival following HSCT, and the profound physical, psychosocial, and emotional impact of HSCT on survivors, their carers and families, it is important to identify factors that may contribute to or support post-traumatic growth (PTG) after transplant. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of PTG in an Australian cohort of long-term allogeneic HSCT survivors and describe associations between PTG and relevant clinical, sociodemographic and psychological variables. METHODS This was a large, multi-centre, cross sectional survey of Australian HSCT-survivors inviting all those transplanted in New South Wales between 2000 and 2012. Respondents completed the PTG Inventory (PTGI), the Sydney Post-BMT Survey, FACT-BMT, DASS 21, The Chronic Graft versus Host Disease (GVHD) Activity Assessment-Patient Self-Report (Form B), the Lee Chronic GVHD Symptom Scale, and the Fear of Cancer Recurrence Scale. Data was analysed using independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, and pearson's correlations, and hierarchical multiple regression adjusted for potential confounders and to ascertain independent associations of explanatory variables with PTG. RESULTS Of 441 respondents, 99% reported some level of PTG with 67% reporting moderate to high levels of PTG. Female gender, younger age, complementary therapy use, anxiety, psychological distress and psychosocial care, and higher quality of life were associated with higher levels of PTG. Importantly, we also found that PTG was not associated with either chronic GVHD or post-HSCT morbidity. CONCLUSIONS In this study - the largest study of PTG in long-term allogeneic HSCT survivors - we found that growth appears ubiquitous, with 99% of survivors reporting some degree of PTG and 67% reporting moderate-high levels of PTG. Importantly, we found no association with GVHD or chronic physical post-HSCT morbidity, or adverse financial, occupational or sexual impacts. This suggests that it is the necessity for and experience of, HSCT itself that foments personal growth. Accordingly, healthcare professionals should be alert to the profound and wide-ranging impact of HSCT - and the degree to which survivor's may experience PTG. Identifying interventions that may assist HSCT survivors cope and building their resilience is of utmost importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma McErlean
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
| | - Caley Tapp
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, QLD, Australia
| | - Lisa Brice
- Department of Haematology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicole Gilroy
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Masura Kabir
- Westmead Breast Cancer Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matt Greenwood
- Department of Haematology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen R Larsen
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John Moore
- Department of Haematology, St Vincents Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David Gottlieb
- Department of Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark Hertzberg
- Department of Haematology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Louisa Brown
- Department of Haematology, Calvary Mater Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Megan Hogg
- Department of Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gillian Huang
- Department of Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Christopher Ward
- Department of Haematology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ian Kerridge
- Department of Haematology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Doherty ME, Scannell-Desch E. Posttraumatic Growth in Women Who Have Experienced Intimate Partner Abuse. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 2023; 61:34-41. [PMID: 36853040 DOI: 10.3928/02793695-20230222-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the current qualitative descriptive study was to describe the experiences of women who have endured intimate partner abuse using the theoretical framework of posttraumatic growth (PTG). Women (N = 14) who reported emotional and/or physical abuse by their male partners were interviewed. Five themes were identified: Acknowledging the Abusive Relationship; Fear of Him: Threats, Control, Pain, and Isolation; Accepting Support: Grabbing the Life Preserver; Rediscovering Myself: Digging Deep; and Appreciating Life and Helping Others. Findings have practical implications for nurses who are in pivotal positions to educate and influence others about the possibility of PTG following partner abuse. Nurses can help women find their way through this trauma and teach others about coping, healing, and recovery. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 61(8), 34-41.].
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Doherty ME, Scannell-Desch E. Women's Experiences of a Close Brush With Death and Posttraumatic Growth. Nurs Womens Health 2023; 27:15-24. [PMID: 36529258 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwh.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the experiences of women who have had a close brush with death and the elements of posttraumatic growth as a result of their experiences. DESIGN Using a theoretical framework of posttraumatic growth, we conducted a qualitative descriptive study with interviews of women who have had a close brush with death. SETTING Women were interviewed in the environment of their choosing: in their home, at a coffee shop, or over the telephone. PARTICIPANTS Twelve women ages 35 to 79 years from the United States participated in the study, all of whom reported having a close brush with death. METHOD Interviews were conducted using a semistructured interview guide derived from the theoretical framework. RESULTS Five themes emerged from the data: My Trauma Experience, My Will to Live, SupportWas Important, Putting the Pieces of My Life Back Together, and Near-Death Experiences. Participants reported having experienced various elements of posttraumatic growth. Many attributed their posttraumatic growth to a myriad of factors such as having a supportive network, their belief in God as a source of strength, and the will to live. Others credited health care professionals for quality care and encouragement. CONCLUSION Knowledge development regarding posttraumatic growth can enhance nursing practice in the care of women as they navigate life after trauma. Nurses and other health care providers are in strategic positions to educate women about the possibility of posttraumatic growth after adversity. They can help women find their path with a strong voice after trauma. Women who have experienced posttraumatic growth can teach others about healing, coping, empathy, compassion, and the importance of human connection.
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Knauer K, Bach A, Schäffeler N, Stengel A, Graf J. Personality Traits and Coping Strategies Relevant to Posttraumatic Growth in Patients with Cancer and Survivors: A Systematic Literature Review. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:9593-9612. [PMID: 36547168 PMCID: PMC9776882 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29120754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The possibility of positive psychological changes after cancer, namely, posttraumatic growth, is a growing field of research. Identifying personality traits and coping strategies related to posttraumatic growth may help find vulnerable individuals as well as promote helpful coping strategies to help more patients make positive changes at an early stage. The aim of this systematic literature review is to provide an overview of the quantitative data on coping strategies and personality traits associated with posttraumatic growth in patients with cancer and cancer survivors as well as the methods used in included studies. A systematic literature search was conducted using five databases (PubMed, PubPsych, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and PSYNDEXplus). The 70 reports of included studies assessed posttraumatic growth using questionnaires in a sample of patients with cancer or survivors. In addition, associations with a personality trait or coping strategy had to be examined cross-sectionally or longitudinally. All 1698 articles were screened for titles and abstracts by two authors, after which disputed articles were reviewed by a third author. Afterwards, articles were screened for full texts. Most studies had a cross-sectional design and used a sample of patients with breast cancer. Coping strategies have been researched more than personality factors. The personality traits of resilience, hardiness, dispositional positive affectivity, and dispositional gratitude seem to be related to posttraumatic growth, while the Big Five personality traits (openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism) have been less researched and/or seem to be unrelated. The use of social support, religious coping, positive reframing, and reflection during illness as coping strategies seems to be related to posttraumatic growth. The findings can be used for the development of interventions. Future studies should investigate associations longitudinally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Knauer
- Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen-Stuttgart, Section Psychooncology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Anne Bach
- Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen-Stuttgart, Section Psychooncology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Norbert Schäffeler
- Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen-Stuttgart, Section Psychooncology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Stengel
- Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen-Stuttgart, Section Psychooncology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
- Charité Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department for Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johanna Graf
- Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen-Stuttgart, Section Psychooncology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
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Jiang C, Zhuang Y, Li Z, Lin W, Huang P, Feng Y, Liu S, Zhang L. Posttraumatic growth and postpartum depression in women after childbirth: The moderating role of postpartum negative life events. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2022; 48:2392-2404. [PMID: 35708214 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to investigate the implications of postpartum negative life events on postpartum depression and posttraumatic growth in women after childbirth. METHODS A sample of 280 postpartum women at a level III hospital in China provided data on postpartum depression, negative life events, and posttraumatic growth with a cross-sectional design. RESULTS The scores of both postpartum depression and negative life events exhibited a quadratic correlation with posttraumatic growth in women after childbirth, and negative life events significantly moderated the associations between depression and overall posttraumatic growth and its three dimensions: personal strength, spirit change, and relating to others. CONCLUSIONS Women can experience positive psychological growth after childbirth, and this study provides new evidence of an interaction between postpartum depression and negative life events in the prediction of psychological growth, highlighting the moderating role of negative life events. This study could help direct mental health professionals to target interventions that provide more psychological support to reduce the impact of depression and negative life events, which will be conducive to improving women's psychological growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiting Jiang
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youqing Zhuang
- Obstetric Department, Guangdong Maternal and Child Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyun Li
- Obstetric Department, Guangdong Maternal and Child Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenxuan Lin
- Nursing Department, Guangdong Maternal and Child Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei Huang
- Obstetric Department, Guangdong Maternal and Child Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongshen Feng
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaofei Liu
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lifeng Zhang
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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