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Qi Z, Tong X, Zhang Y, Jia S, Fang X, Zhao L. Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase 1 and Its Application for the Production of C13-Apocarotenoids in Microbial Cell Factories: A Review. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:19240-19254. [PMID: 38047615 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
C13-apocarotenoids are naturally derived from the C9-C10 (C9'-C10') double-bond cleavage of carotenoids by carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases (CCDs). As high-value flavors and fragrances in the food and cosmetic industries, the sustainable production of C13-apocarotenoids is emerging in microbial cell factories by the carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 1 (CCD1) subfamily. However, the commercialization of microbial-based C13-apocarotenoids is still limited by the poor performance of CCD1, which severely constrains its conversion efficiency from precursor carotenoids. This review focuses on the classification of CCDs and their cleavage modes for carotenoids to generate corresponding apocarotenoids. We then emphatically discuss the advances for C13-apocarotenoid biosynthesis in microbial cell factories with various strategies, including optimization of CCD1 expression, improvement of CCD1's catalytic activity and substrate specificity, strengthening of substrate channeling, and development of oleaginous microbial hosts, which have been verified to increase the conversion rate from carotenoids. Lastly, the current challenges and future directions will be discussed to enhance CCDs' application for C13-apocarotenoids biomanufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Qi
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xinyi Tong
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Shutong Jia
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xianying Fang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Linguo Zhao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Lab for the Chemistry & Utilization of Agricultural and Forest, Nanjing 210037, China
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Liu J, Yuan X, Quan S, Zhang M, Kang C, Guo C, Zhang Z, Niu J. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of NCED Gene Family in Pear and Its Response to Exogenous Gibberellin and Paclobutrazol. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087566. [PMID: 37108747 PMCID: PMC10144387 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED) is a key enzyme for the process of ABA synthesis that plays key roles in a variety of biological processes. In the current investigation, genome-wide identification and comprehensive analysis of the NCED gene family in 'Kuerle Xiangli' (Pyrus sinkiangensis Yu) were conducted using the pear genomic sequence. In total, nineteen members of PbNCED genes were identified from the whole genome of pear, which are not evenly distributed over the scaffolds, and most of which were focussed in the chloroplasts. Sequence analysis of promoters showed many cis-regulatory elements, which presumably responded to phytohormones such as abscisic acid, auxin, etc. Synteny block indicated that the PbNCED genes have experienced strong purifying selection. Multiple sequence alignment demonstrated that these members are highly similar and conserved. In addition, we found that PbNCED genes were differentially expressed in various tissues, and three PbNCED genes (PbNCED1, PbNCED2, and PbNCED13) were differentially expressed in response to exogenous Gibberellin (GA3) and Paclobutrazol (PP333). PbNCED1 and PbNCED13 positively promote ABA synthesis in sepals after GA3 and PP333 treatment, whereas PbNCED2 positively regulated ABA synthesis in ovaries after GA3 treatment, and PbNCED13 positively regulated ABA synthesis in the ovaries after PP333 treatment. This study was the first genome-wide report of the pear NCED gene family, which could improve our understanding of pear NCED proteins and provide a solid foundation for future cloning and functional analyses of this gene family. Meanwhile, our results also give a better understanding of the important genes and regulation pathways related to calyx abscission in 'Kuerle Xiangli'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Liu
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Xing Yuan
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Shaowen Quan
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Chao Kang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Caihua Guo
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Zhongrong Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Jianxin Niu
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Shihezi 832003, China
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Huang Y, Jiao Y, Yang S, Mao D, Wang F, Chen L, Liang M. SiNCED1, a 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase gene in Setaria italica, is involved in drought tolerance and seed germination in transgenic Arabidopsis. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1121809. [PMID: 36968367 PMCID: PMC10034083 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1121809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) is a vital cereal food crop with promising development and utilization potential because of its outstanding ability to resist drought stress. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its drought stress resistance remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the molecular function of a 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase gene, SiNCED1, in the drought stress response of foxtail millet. Expression pattern analysis showed that SiNCED1 expression was significantly induced by abscisic acid (ABA), osmotic stress, and salt stress. Furthermore, ectopic overexpression of SiNCED1 could enhance drought stress resistance by elevating endogenous ABA levels and promoting stomatal closure. Transcript analysis indicated that SiNCED1 modulated ABA-related stress responsive gene expression. In addition, we found that ectopic expression of SiNCED1 delayed seed germination under normal and abiotic stress conditions. Taken together, our results show that SiNCED1 plays a positive role in the drought tolerance and seed dormancy of foxtail millet by modulating ABA biosynthesis. In conclusion, this study revealed that SiNCED1 is an important candidate gene for the improvement of drought stress tolerance in foxtail millet and could be beneficial in the breeding and investigation of drought tolerance in other agronomic crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Sha Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Dandan Mao
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Wang
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Liangbi Chen
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Manzhong Liang
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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Ding F, Wang X, Li Z, Wang M. Jasmonate Positively Regulates Cold Tolerance by Promoting ABA Biosynthesis in Tomato. Plants (Basel) 2022; 12:60. [PMID: 36616188 PMCID: PMC9823970 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As a cold-sensitive species, tomato is frequently challenged by cold stress during vegetative and reproductive growth. Understanding how tomato responds to cold stress is of critical importance for sustainable tomato production. In this work, we demonstrate that jasmonate (JA) plays a crucial role in tomato response to cold stress by promoting abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis. It was observed that both JA and ABA levels were substantially increased under cold conditions, whereas the suppression of JA biosynthesis abated ABA accumulation. The ABA biosynthesis gene 9-CIS-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE2 (NCED2) was subsequently found to be associated with JA-mediated ABA biosynthesis in tomato plants in response to cold stress. NCED2 was rapidly induced by exogenous MeJA and cold treatment. Silencing NCED2 led to a decrease in ABA accumulation that was concurrent with increased cold sensitivity. Moreover, blocking ABA biosynthesis using a chemical inhibitor impaired JA-induced cold tolerance in tomato. Furthermore, MYC2, a core component of the JA signaling pathway, promoted the transcription of NCED2, ABA accumulation and cold tolerance in tomato. Collectively, our results support that JA signaling promotes ABA biosynthesis to confer cold tolerance in tomato.
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Holsteens K, De Jaegere I, Wynants A, Prinsen ELJ, Van de Poel B. Mild and severe salt stress responses are age-dependently regulated by abscisic acid in tomato. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:982622. [PMID: 36275599 PMCID: PMC9585276 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.982622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress hampers plant growth and development through both osmotic and ionic imbalances. One of the key players in modulating physiological responses towards salinity is the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA). How plants cope with salinity largely depends on the magnitude of the soil salt content (stress severity), but also on age-related developmental processes (ontogeny). Here we studied how ABA directs salt stress responses in tomato plants for both mild and severe salt stress in leaves of different ages. We used the ABA-deficient mutant notabilis, which contains a null-mutation in the gene of a rate-limiting ABA biosynthesis enzyme 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED1), leading to impaired stomatal closure. We showed that both old and young leaves of notabilis plants keep a steady-state transpiration and photosynthesis rate during salt stress, probably due to their dysfunctional stomatal closure. At the whole plant level, transpiration declined similar to the wild-type, impacting final growth. Notabilis leaves were able to produce osmolytes and accumulate ions in a similar way as wild-type plants, but accumulated more proline, indicating that osmotic responses were not impaired by the NCED1 mutation. Besides NCED1, also NCED2 and NCED6 are strongly upregulated under salt stress, which could explain why the notabilis mutant did not show a lower ABA content upon salt stress, except in young leaves. This might be indicative of a salt-mediated feedback mechanism on NCED2/6 in notabilis and might explain why notabilis plants seem to perform better under salt stress compared to wild-type plants with respect to biomass and water content accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristof Holsteens
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabel De Jaegere
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Arne Wynants
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Bram Van de Poel
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Plant Institute, (LPI), University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Zhou H, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Xiao Y, Liu X, Deng H, Lu X, Tang W, Zhang G. Comparative Analysis of Heat-Tolerant and Heat-Susceptible Rice Highlights the Role of OsNCED1 Gene in Heat Stress Tolerance. Plants 2022; 11:plants11081062. [PMID: 35448790 PMCID: PMC9026844 DOI: 10.3390/plants11081062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate the mechanism underlying the response of rice to heat stress (HS), the transcriptome profile of panicles was comparatively analyzed between the heat-tolerant line 252 (HTL252) and heat-susceptible line 082 (HSL082), two rice recombinant inbred lines (RILs). Our differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis revealed that the DEGs are mainly associated with protein binding, catalysis, stress response, and cellular process. The MapMan analysis demonstrated that the heat-responsive (HR) genes for heat shock proteins, transcription factors, development, and phytohormones are specifically induced in HTL252 under HS. Based on the DEG analysis, the key gene OsNCED1 (Os02g0704000), which was induced under HS, was selected for further functional validation. Moreover, 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED) is a key rate-limiting enzyme in the ABA biosynthetic pathway. Overexpression of OsNCED1 improved the HS tolerance of rice at the heading and flowering stage. OsNCED1-overexpression plants exhibited significant increases in pollen viability, seed setting rate, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities, while significantly lower electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde (MDA) content relative to the wild type (WT). These results suggested that OsNCED1 overexpression can improve the heat tolerance of rice by enhancing the antioxidant capacity. Overall, this study lays a foundation for revealing the molecular regulatory mechanism underlying the response of rice to prolonged HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Zhou
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.X.); (X.L.); (H.D.); (X.L.)
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice and Rapeseed Breeding for Disease Resistance, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yingfeng Wang
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.X.); (X.L.); (H.D.); (X.L.)
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice and Rapeseed Breeding for Disease Resistance, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yijin Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.X.); (X.L.); (H.D.); (X.L.)
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice and Rapeseed Breeding for Disease Resistance, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yunhua Xiao
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.X.); (X.L.); (H.D.); (X.L.)
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice and Rapeseed Breeding for Disease Resistance, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xiong Liu
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.X.); (X.L.); (H.D.); (X.L.)
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice and Rapeseed Breeding for Disease Resistance, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Huabing Deng
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.X.); (X.L.); (H.D.); (X.L.)
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice and Rapeseed Breeding for Disease Resistance, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xuedan Lu
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.X.); (X.L.); (H.D.); (X.L.)
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice and Rapeseed Breeding for Disease Resistance, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Wenbang Tang
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.X.); (X.L.); (H.D.); (X.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Centre, Changsha 410125, China
- Correspondence: (W.T.); (G.Z.)
| | - Guilian Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.X.); (X.L.); (H.D.); (X.L.)
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice and Rapeseed Breeding for Disease Resistance, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Correspondence: (W.T.); (G.Z.)
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Varghese R, S UK, C GPD, Ramamoorthy S. Unraveling the versatility of CCD4: Metabolic engineering, transcriptomic and computational approaches. Plant Sci 2021; 310:110991. [PMID: 34315605 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids are economically valuable isoprenoids synthesized by plants and microorganisms, which play a paramount role in their overall growth and development. Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases are a vast group of enzymes that specifically cleave thecarotenoids to produce apocarotenoids. Recently, CCDs are a subject of talk because of their contributions to different aspects of plant growth and due to their significance in the production of economically valuable apocarotenoids. Among them, CCD4 stands unique because of its versatility in performing metabolic roles. This review focuses on the multiple functionalities of CCD4 like pigmentation, volatile apocarotenoid production, stress responses, etc. Interestingly, through our literature survey we arrived at a conclusion that CCD4 could perform functions of other carotenoid cleaving enzymes.The metabolic engineering, transcriptomic, and computational approaches adopted to reveal the contributions of CCD4 were also considered here for the study.Phylogenetic analysis was performed to delve into the evolutionary relationships of CCD4 in different plant groups. A tree of 81CCD genes from 64 plant species was constructed, signifying the presence of well-conserved families. Gene structures were illustrated and the difference in the number and position of exons could be considered as a factor behind functional versatility and substrate tolerance of CCD4 in different plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ressin Varghese
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Udhaya Kumar S
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - George Priya Doss C
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Siva Ramamoorthy
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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Fernandez‐Pozo N, Metz T, Chandler JO, Gramzow L, Mérai Z, Maumus F, Mittelsten Scheid O, Theißen G, Schranz ME, Leubner‐Metzger G, Rensing SA. Aethionema arabicum genome annotation using PacBio full-length transcripts provides a valuable resource for seed dormancy and Brassicaceae evolution research. Plant J 2021; 106:275-293. [PMID: 33453123 PMCID: PMC8641386 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Aethionema arabicum is an important model plant for Brassicaceae trait evolution, particularly of seed (development, regulation, germination, dormancy) and fruit (development, dehiscence mechanisms) characters. Its genome assembly was recently improved but the gene annotation was not updated. Here, we improved the Ae. arabicum gene annotation using 294 RNA-seq libraries and 136 307 full-length PacBio Iso-seq transcripts, increasing BUSCO completeness by 11.6% and featuring 5606 additional genes. Analysis of orthologs showed a lower number of genes in Ae. arabicum than in other Brassicaceae, which could be partially explained by loss of homeologs derived from the At-α polyploidization event and by a lower occurrence of tandem duplications after divergence of Aethionema from the other Brassicaceae. Benchmarking of MADS-box genes identified orthologs of FUL and AGL79 not found in previous versions. Analysis of full-length transcripts related to ABA-mediated seed dormancy discovered a conserved isoform of PIF6-β and antisense transcripts in ABI3, ABI4 and DOG1, among other cases found of different alternative splicing between Turkey and Cyprus ecotypes. The presented data allow alternative splicing mining and proposition of numerous hypotheses to research evolution and functional genomics. Annotation data and sequences are available at the Ae. arabicum DB (https://plantcode.online.uni-marburg.de/aetar_db).
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Affiliation(s)
- Noe Fernandez‐Pozo
- Plant Cell BiologyDepartment of BiologyUniversity of MarburgMarburgGermany
| | - Timo Metz
- Plant Cell BiologyDepartment of BiologyUniversity of MarburgMarburgGermany
| | - Jake O. Chandler
- School of Biological SciencesRoyal Holloway University of LondonEghamSurreyUK
| | - Lydia Gramzow
- Matthias Schleiden Institute/GeneticsFriedrich Schiller University JenaJenaGermany
| | - Zsuzsanna Mérai
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant BiologyAustrian Academy of SciencesVienna BioCenter (VBC)ViennaAustria
| | | | - Ortrun Mittelsten Scheid
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant BiologyAustrian Academy of SciencesVienna BioCenter (VBC)ViennaAustria
| | - Günter Theißen
- Matthias Schleiden Institute/GeneticsFriedrich Schiller University JenaJenaGermany
| | - M. Eric Schranz
- Biosystematics GroupWageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Gerhard Leubner‐Metzger
- School of Biological SciencesRoyal Holloway University of LondonEghamSurreyUK
- Laboratory of Growth RegulatorsCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural ResearchPalacký University and Institute of Experimental BotanyAcademy of Sciences of the Czech RepublicOlomoucCzech Republic
| | - Stefan A. Rensing
- Plant Cell BiologyDepartment of BiologyUniversity of MarburgMarburgGermany
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling StudiesUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- LOEWE Center for Synthetic Microbiology (SYNMIKRO)University of MarburgMarburgGermany
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9
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Wang P, Lu S, Zhang X, Hyden B, Qin L, Liu L, Bai Y, Han Y, Wen Z, Xu J, Cao H, Chen H. Double NCED isozymes control ABA biosynthesis for ripening and senescent regulation in peach fruits. Plant Sci 2021; 304:110739. [PMID: 33568291 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
During ripening, peach fruits (Prunus persica L. Batsch) rapidly progress to the senescent stage, resulting in a brief shelf life. Abscisic acid (ABA) plays an important role in regulating the ripening process, both in climacteric and non-climacteric fruits. A key enzyme for ABA biosynthesis in higher plants is 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED). In this study, two NCED isozymes, PpNCED1 and PpNCED5, were identified in peach fruits. While both NCED genes had similar transcriptional patterns (up-regulation) at the beginning of peach ripening, PpNCED5 showed a consistently lower expression level than PpNCED1. During the post-harvest stage, gene expression of PpNCED1 declined, while PpNCED5 expression increased relative to PpNCED1 expression. Considering the dynamic process of ABA accumulation during fruit ripening and senescence in peach, this study indicates that both NCED genes cooperatively control ABA biosynthesis in peach fruits. Moreover, spatio-temporal expression and transcriptional response to hormone and abiotic stress suggested that there is functional divergence between PpNCED1 and PpNCED5 genes in peach. A carotenoid-rich callus system was used to verify the function of PpNCED1 and PpNCED5. In the transgenic callus system, both PpNCED1 and PpNCED5 isozymes promoted ABA biosynthesis, which likely accelerated cell senescence through activating ROS signals. The results from this study provide evidence supporting an ABA biosynthetic regulation process via the two NCED genes in peach fruit, and suggest a mechanism of ABA-induced fruit ripening and senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Siyuan Lu
- College of Horticulture, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Brennan Hyden
- Horticulture Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Cornell AgriTech, Geneva, NY, USA
| | - Lijie Qin
- Wei County Comprehensive Vocational and Technical Education Center, HanDan, Hebei, 056000, China
| | - Lipeng Liu
- College of Horticulture, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Yangyang Bai
- College of Horticulture, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Yan Han
- College of Horticulture, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Zhiliang Wen
- College of Horticulture, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Jizhong Xu
- College of Horticulture, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Hongbo Cao
- College of Horticulture, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China.
| | - Haijiang Chen
- College of Horticulture, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China.
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10
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Li Q, Yu X, Chen L, Zhao G, Li S, Zhou H, Dai Y, Sun N, Xie Y, Gao J, Li D, Sun X, Guo N. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the NCED family in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246021. [PMID: 33630882 PMCID: PMC7906304 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is an important plant hormone that plays multiple roles in regulating growth and development as well as in stress responses in plants. The NCED gene family includes key genes involved in the process of ABA synthesis. This gene family has been found in many species; however, the function of the NCED gene family in cotton is unclear. Here, a total of 23 NCED genes (designated as GhNCED1 to GhNCED23) were identified in cotton. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the identified NCED proteins from cotton and Arabidopsis could be classified into 4 subgroups. Conserved motif analysis revealed that the gene structure and motif distribution of proteins within each subgroup were highly conserved. qRT-PCR and ABA content analyses indicated that NCED genes exhibited stage-specific expression patterns at tissue development stages. GhNCED5, GhNCED6 and GhNCED13 expression was similar to the change in ABA content, suggesting that this gene family plays a role in ABA synthesis. These results provide a better understanding of the potential functions of GhNCED genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- QingHua Li
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - XianTao Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Long Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - ShiZhou Li
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yu Dai
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Na Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - YongFei Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - JunShan Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - DaHui Li
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xu Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ning Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- * E-mail:
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11
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Wang JY, Lin PY, Al-Babili S. On the biosynthesis and evolution of apocarotenoid plant growth regulators. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 109:3-11. [PMID: 32732130 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Carotenoids are an important source of metabolites with regulatory function, which include the plant hormones abscisic acid (ABA) and strigolactones (SLs), and several recently identified growth regulators and signaling molecules. These carotenoid-derivatives originate from oxidative breakdown of double bonds in the carotenoid polyene, a common metabolic process that gives rise to diverse carbonyl cleavage-products known as apocarotenoids. Apocarotenoids exert biologically important functions in all taxa. In plants, they are a major regulator of plant growth, development and response to biotic and abiotic environmental stimuli, and mediate plant's communication with surrounding organisms. In this article, we provide a general overview on the biology of plant apocarotenoids, focusing on ABA, SLs, and recently identified apocarotenoid growth regulators. Following an introduction on carotenoids, we describe plant apocarotenoid biosynthesis, signal transduction, and evolution and summarize their biological functions. Moreover, we discuss the evolution of these intriguing metabolites, which has not been adequately addressed in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian You Wang
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture (CDA), Biological and Environment Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pei-Yu Lin
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture (CDA), Biological and Environment Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salim Al-Babili
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture (CDA), Biological and Environment Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
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12
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Kim HM, Park SH, Ma SH, Park SY, Yun CH, Jang G, Joung YH. Promoted ABA Hydroxylation by Capsicum annuum CYP707As Overexpression Suppresses Pollen Maturation in Nicotiana tabacum. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:583767. [PMID: 33363553 PMCID: PMC7752897 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.583767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a key signaling molecule that mediates plant response to stress. Increasing evidence indicates that ABA also regulates many aspects of plant development, such as seed germination, leaf development, and ripening. ABA metabolism, including ABA biosynthesis and degradation, is an essential aspect of ABA response in plants. In this study, we identified four cytochrome P450 genes (CaCYP707A1, 2, 3, and 4) that mediate ABA hydroxylation, which is required for ABA degradation in Capsicum annuum. We observed that CaCYP707A-mediated ABA hydroxylation promotes ABA degradation, leading to low levels of ABA and a dehydration phenotype in 35S:CaCYP707A plants. Importantly, seed formation was strongly inhibited in 35S:CaCYP707A plants, and a cross-pollination test suggested that the defect in seed formation is caused by improper pollen development. Phenotypic analysis showed that pollen maturation is suppressed in 35S:CaCYP707A1 plants. Consequently, most 35S:CaCYP707A1 pollen grains degenerated, unlike non-transgenic (NT) pollen, which developed into mature pollen grains. Together our results indicate that CaCYP707A mediates ABA hydroxylation and thereby influences pollen development, helping to elucidate the mechanism underlying ABA-regulated pollen development.
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13
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Priya R, Sneha P, Dass JFP, Doss C GP, Manickavasagam M, Siva R. Exploring the codon patterns between CCD and NCED genes among different plant species. Comput Biol Med 2019; 114:103449. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2019.103449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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14
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Huang Y, Jiao Y, Xie N, Guo Y, Zhang F, Xiang Z, Wang R, Wang F, Gao Q, Tian L, Li D, Chen L, Liang M. OsNCED5, a 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase gene, regulates salt and water stress tolerance and leaf senescence in rice. Plant Sci 2019; 287:110188. [PMID: 31481229 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED) is a rate-limiting enzyme for abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis. However, the molecular mechanisms of NCED5 that modulate plant development and abiotic stress tolerance are still unclear, particular in rice. Here, we demonstrate that a rice NCED gene, OsNCED5, was expressed in all tissues we tested, and was induced by exposure to salt stress, water stress, and darkness. Mutational analysis showed that nced5 mutants reduced ABA level and decreased tolerance to salt and water stress and delayed leaf senescence. However, OsNCED5 overexpression increased ABA level, enhanced tolerance to the stresses, and accelerated leaf senescence. Transcript analysis showed that OsNCED5 regulated ABA-dependent abiotic stress and senescence-related gene expression. Additionally, ectopic expression of OsNCED5 tested in Arabidopsis thaliana altered plant size and leaf morphology and delayed seed germination and flowering time. Thus, OsNCED5 may regulate plant development and stress resistance through control of ABA biosynthesis. These findings contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which NCED regulates plant development and responses to abiotic stress in different crop species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Huang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Ningkun Xie
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Yiming Guo
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Zhipan Xiang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Rong Wang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Feng Wang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Qinmei Gao
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Lianfu Tian
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Dongping Li
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Liangbi Chen
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China.
| | - Manzhong Liang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China.
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15
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Petrocelli S, Pizarro MD, Alet A, De Ollas C, Talón M, Tadeo FR, Gómez-cadenas A, Arbona V, Orellano EG, Daurelio LD. Phytohormone participation during Citrus sinensis non-host response to Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 15:28-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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16
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Sankari M, Rao PR, Hemachandran H, Pullela PK, Doss C GP, Tayubi IA, Subramanian B, Gothandam KM, Singh P, Ramamoorthy S. Prospects and progress in the production of valuable carotenoids: Insights from metabolic engineering, synthetic biology, and computational approaches. J Biotechnol 2018; 266:89-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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17
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Huang Y, Guo Y, Liu Y, Zhang F, Wang Z, Wang H, Wang F, Li D, Mao D, Luan S, Liang M, Chen L. 9- cis-Epoxycarotenoid Dioxygenase 3 Regulates Plant Growth and Enhances Multi-Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Rice. Front Plant Sci 2018; 9:162. [PMID: 29559982 PMCID: PMC5845534 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Although abscisic acid (ABA) is an important hormone that regulates seed dormancy, stomatal closure, plant development, as well as responses to environmental stimuli, the physiological mechanisms of ABA response to multiple stress in rice remain poorly understood. In the ABA biosynthetic pathway, 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED) is the key rate-limiting enzyme. Here, we report important functions of OsNCED3 in multi-abiotic stress tolerance in rice. The OsNCED3 is constitutively expressed in various tissues under normal condition, Its expression is highly induced by NaCl, PEG, and H2O2 stress, suggesting the roles for OsNCED3 in response to the multi-abiotic stress tolerance in rice. Compared with wild-type plants, nced3 mutants had earlier seed germination, longer post-germination seedling growth, increased sensitivity to water stress and H2O2 stress and increased stomata aperture under water stress and delayed leaf senescence. Further analysis found that nced3 mutants contained lower ABA content compared with wild-type plants, overexpression of OsNCED3 in transgenic plants could enhance water stress tolerance, promote leaf senescence and increase ABA content. We conclude that OsNCED3 mediates seed dormancy, plant growth, abiotic stress tolerance, and leaf senescence by regulating ABA biosynthesis in rice; and may provide a new strategy for improving the quality of crop.
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18
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Sun J, Wang P, Zhou T, Rong J, Jia H, Liu Z. Transcriptome Analysis of the Effects of Shell Removal and Exogenous Gibberellin on Germination of Zanthoxylum Seeds. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8521. [PMID: 28819199 PMCID: PMC5561108 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07424-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The zanthoxylum seeds are oil-rich and have a very thick, dense and oily shell. In the natural conditions the seeds have a very low germination rate. Prior to treatment with GAs to promote germination, the seeds were usually soaked in sulfuric acid to remove shells easily. A high-throughput sequencing of mRNAs was performed to investigate the effects of the above treatments on the germination of zanthoxylum seeds. Seven libraries were assembled into 100,982 unigenes and 59,509 unigenes were annotated. We focused on the expression profiles of the key genes related to the oil metabolisms and hormone regulations during seed germination. Our data indicated the endogenous ABA of seeds was rich. The effects that the exogenous GAs promoted germination were apparent in the secong day of germination. Especially, for the first time our results indicated the exogenous GAs lowered the aerobic metabolism including the oil metabolisms during imbibition. We inferred that the exogenous GAs had inhibitory effects on the oil metabolisms to avoide oxidative damages to the imbibed seeds, and the seed shell played the role similiar to the exogenous GAs in the initial stage of germination in the natural conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jikang Sun
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Tao Zhou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Rong
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hao Jia
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiming Liu
- Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Portales, NM88130, USA
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19
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Wang Y, Ding G, Gu T, Ding J, Li Y. Bioinformatic and expression analyses on carotenoid dioxygenase genes in fruit development and abiotic stress responses in Fragaria vesca. Mol Genet Genomics 2017; 292:895-907. [PMID: 28444444 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-017-1321-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoid dioxygenases, including 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenases (NCEDs) and carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases (CCDs), can selectively cleave carotenoids into various apocarotenoid products that play important roles in fleshy fruit development and abiotic stress response. In this study, we identified 12 carotenoid dioxygenase genes in diploid strawberry Fragaria vesca, and explored their evolution with orthologous genes from nine other species. Phylogenetic analyses suggested that the NCED and CCDL groups moderately expanded during their evolution, whereas gene numbers of the CCD1, CCD4, CCD7, and CCD8 groups maintained conserved. We characterized the expression profiles of FveNCED and FveCCD genes during flower and fruit development, and in response to several abiotic stresses. FveNCED1 expression positively responded to osmotic, cold, and heat stresses, whereas FveNCED2 was only induced under cold stress. In contrast, FveNCED2 was the unique gene highly and continuously increasing in receptacle during fruit ripening, which co-occurred with the increase in endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) content previously reported in octoploid strawberry. The differential expression patterns suggested that FveNCED1 and FveNCED2 were key genes for ABA biosynthesis in abiotic stress responses and fruit ripening, respectively. FveCCD1 exhibited the highest expression in most stages of flower and fruit development, while the other FveCCDs were expressed in a subset of stages and tissues. Our study suggests distinct functions of FveNCED and FveCCD genes in fruit development and stress responses and lays a foundation for future study to understand the roles of these genes and their metabolites, including ABA and other apocarotenoid products, in the growth and development of strawberry.
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20
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Wu X, Gong Q, Ni X, Zhou Y, Gao Z. UFGT: The Key Enzyme Associated with the Petals Variegation in Japanese Apricot. Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:108. [PMID: 28223989 PMCID: PMC5293763 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Japanese apricot (Prunus mume Sieb.et Zucc.) is an important ornamental plant in China. One of the traits of petals color variegation is attractive, but its formation mechanism is unclear. In our study, RNA-seq technology was employed to characterize the transcriptome response to the mutation of "Fuban Tiaozhi" associated with petals variegation in Japanese apricot. As a result, 4,579,040 (white-flowered, WF) and 7,269,883 (red-flowered, RF) reads were mapped to P. persica genes, while 5,006,676 (WF) and 7,907,436 (RF) were mapped to P. persica genomes. There were 960 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified. Gene ontology analysis showed that these genes involved in 37 functional groups including 19 biological processes, 10 cellular components and eight molecular functions. Pathway enrichment annotation demonstrated that highly ranked genes were associated with flavonoid biosynthesis, anthocyanin biosynthesis, anthocyanins transports, plant hormone signal transduction, and transcriptional factors. The expression patterns part of them were validated by qRT-PCR. We found that UDP-glucose: flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT) gene showed differential expression pattern. The UFGT enzyme activities in RF had a significantly higher than that of WF and lower in the initial stage and increased when the red appeared in the petals, which is identical to the accumulation of anthocyanins. And we also validated the SNPs, leading to the nonsynonymous mutations, in the UFGT by Sanger sequencing which may affect the enzyme activity. In summary, our results provide molecular candidates for better understanding the mechanisms of the variegation in Japanese Apricot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Wu
- Laboratory of Fruit Tree Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic ImprovementNanjing, China
| | - Qinghua Gong
- The Administration Bureau of Sun Yat-sen's MausoleumNanjing, China
| | - Xiaopeng Ni
- Laboratory of Fruit Tree Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Laboratory of Fruit Tree Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Zhihong Gao
- Laboratory of Fruit Tree Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhihong Gao
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21
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Priya R, Hridya H, Soundarya C, Somasundari G, George Priya Doss C, Sneha P, Rajasekaran C, Christopher G, Siva R. Astaxanthin biosynthetic pathway: Molecular phylogenies and evolutionary behaviour of Crt genes in eubacteria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 8:32-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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22
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Ahrazem O, Gómez-Gómez L, Rodrigo MJ, Avalos J, Limón MC. Carotenoid Cleavage Oxygenases from Microbes and Photosynthetic Organisms: Features and Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1781. [PMID: 27792173 PMCID: PMC5133782 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17111781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Apocarotenoids are carotenoid-derived compounds widespread in all major taxonomic groups, where they play important roles in different physiological processes. In addition, apocarotenoids include compounds with high economic value in food and cosmetics industries. Apocarotenoid biosynthesis starts with the action of carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases (CCDs), a family of non-heme iron enzymes that catalyze the oxidative cleavage of carbon-carbon double bonds in carotenoid backbones through a similar molecular mechanism, generating aldehyde or ketone groups in the cleaving ends. From the identification of the first CCD enzyme in plants, an increasing number of CCDs have been identified in many other species, including microorganisms, proving to be a ubiquitously distributed and evolutionarily conserved enzymatic family. This review focuses on CCDs from plants, algae, fungi, and bacteria, describing recent progress in their functions and regulatory mechanisms in relation to the different roles played by the apocarotenoids in these organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oussama Ahrazem
- Instituto Botánico, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain.
| | - Lourdes Gómez-Gómez
- Instituto Botánico, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain.
| | - María J Rodrigo
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Departamento de Ciencia de los Alimentos, Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
| | - Javier Avalos
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Reina Mercedes 6, 41012 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - María Carmen Limón
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Reina Mercedes 6, 41012 Sevilla, Spain.
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23
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Sankari M, Hemachandran H, Anantharaman A, Babu S, Madrid RR, C GPD, Fulzele DP, Siva R. Identifying a Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase 4a Gene and Its Efficient Agrobacterium-Mediated Genetic Transformation in Bixa orellana L. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 179:697-714. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2025-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Anantharaman A, Hemachandran H, Mohan S, Manikoth Ayyathan D, D TK, C GPD, Siva R. Induction of apoptosis by apocarotenoids in B16 melanoma cells through ROS-mediated mitochondrial-dependent pathway. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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