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Huang C, Jin X, Lin H, He J, Chen Y. Comparative Transcriptome Sequencing and Endogenous Phytohormone Content of Annual Grafted Branches of Zelkova schneideriana and Its Dwarf Variety HenTianGao. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16902. [PMID: 38069226 PMCID: PMC10706849 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Zelkova schneideriana is a fast-growing tree species endemic to China. Recent surveys and reports have highlighted a continued decline in its natural populations; therefore, it is included in the Red List of Threatened Species by The International Union for Conservation of Nature. A new variety "HenTianGao" (H) has been developed with smaller plant height, slow growth, and lower branching points. In this study, we attempted to understand the differences in plant height of Z. schneideriana (J) and its dwarf variety H. We determined the endogenous hormone content in the annual grafted branches of both J and H. J exhibited higher gibberellic acid (GA)-19 and trans-Zeatin (tZ) levels, whereas H had higher levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) catabolite 2-oxindole-3-acetic acid (OxIAA), IAA-Glu conjugate, and jasmonic acid (JA) (and its conjugate JA-Ile). The transcriptome comparison showed differential regulation of 20,944 genes enriched in growth and development, signaling, and metabolism-related pathways. The results show that the differential phytohormone level (IAA, JA, tZ, and GA) was consistent with the expression of the genes associated with their biosynthesis. The differences in relative OxIAA, IAA-Glu, GA19, trans-Zeatin, JA, and JA-Ile levels were linked to changes in respective signaling-related genes. We also observed significant differences in the expression of cell size, number, proliferation, cell wall biosynthesis, and remodeling-related genes in J and H. The differences in relative endogenous hormone levels, expression of biosynthesis, and signaling genes provide a theoretical basis for understanding the plant height differences in Z. schneideriana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenfei Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (C.H.); (J.H.)
- Hunan Big Data Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Protected Areas Landscape Resources, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Xiaoling Jin
- College of Landscape Architecture, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (C.H.); (J.H.)
- Hunan Big Data Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Protected Areas Landscape Resources, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Haiyan Lin
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jinsong He
- College of Landscape Architecture, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (C.H.); (J.H.)
- Hunan Big Data Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Protected Areas Landscape Resources, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Yan Chen
- College of Landscape Architecture, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (C.H.); (J.H.)
- Hunan Big Data Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Protected Areas Landscape Resources, Changsha 410004, China
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Yang L, Min X, Wei Z, Liu N, Li J, Zhang Y, Yang Y. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the Dof Transcription Factor in Annual Alfalfa Medicago polymorpha. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:plants12091831. [PMID: 37176890 PMCID: PMC10181442 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The Dof transcription factor is a plant-specific transcription gene family that plays various biological functions in plant development and stress response. However, no relevant research has been conducted on Medicago polymorpha. Here, 36 MpDof genes were identified in the M. polymorpha genome and further divided into 10 groups based on the comparative phylogenetic analysis. The essential information of MpDof genes, such as chromosomal localization, gene structure, conserved motifs, and selective pressures were systematically analyzed. All 36 MpDof genes were predicted to contain more cis-acting elements related to hormone response. MpDof24 and MpDof25 were predicted to interact with MpDof11 and MpDof26 to involve in the photoperiod blooms process. The MpDof genes showed a diverse expression pattern in different tissues. Notably, MpDof29 and MpDof31 were specifically expressed in the large pod and root, respectively, suggesting their crucial role in the pod and root development. qRT-PCR analysis indicated that the expression levels of MpDof10, MpDof25, MpDof26, and MpDof29 were obviously up-regulated under drought, salt, and cold stress. Collectively, genome-wide identification, evolutionary, and expression analysis of the Dof transcription gene family in M. polymorpha will provide new information to further understand and utilize the function of these Dof genes in Medicago plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghua Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Institution of Grassland Science, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xueyang Min
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Institution of Grassland Science, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhenwu Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Institution of Grassland Science, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Nana Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Institution of Grassland Science, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jiaqing Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Institution of Grassland Science, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Youxin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Institution of Grassland Science, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yuwei Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Institution of Grassland Science, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Yang ZY, Cao XY, Zheng XW, Wang TQ, Wang JN, Feng F, Ye CH. Biochemical, transcriptome and metabolome analysis of the pulp of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck ‘Hong Jiang’ and its two variants reveal pathways regulating pulp taste, mastication, and color. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Maceda-López LF, Góngora-Castillo EB, Ibarra-Laclette E, Morán-Velázquez DC, Girón Ramírez A, Bourdon M, Villalpando-Aguilar JL, Toomer G, Tang JZ, Azadi P, Santamaría JM, López-Rosas I, López MG, Simpson J, Alatorre-Cobos F. Transcriptome Mining Provides Insights into Cell Wall Metabolism and Fiber Lignification in Agave tequilana Weber. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:plants11111496. [PMID: 35684270 PMCID: PMC9182668 DOI: 10.3390/plants11111496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Resilience of growing in arid and semiarid regions and a high capacity of accumulating sugar-rich biomass with low lignin percentages have placed Agave species as an emerging bioenergy crop. Although transcriptome sequencing of fiber-producing agave species has been explored, molecular bases that control wall cell biogenesis and metabolism in agave species are still poorly understood. Here, through RNAseq data mining, we reconstructed the cellulose biosynthesis pathway and the phenylpropanoid route producing lignin monomers in A. tequilana, and evaluated their expression patterns in silico and experimentally. Most of the orthologs retrieved showed differential expression levels when they were analyzed in different tissues with contrasting cellulose and lignin accumulation. Phylogenetic and structural motif analyses of putative CESA and CAD proteins allowed to identify those potentially involved with secondary cell wall formation. RT-qPCR assays revealed enhanced expression levels of AtqCAD5 and AtqCESA7 in parenchyma cells associated with extraxylary fibers, suggesting a mechanism of formation of sclerenchyma fibers in Agave similar to that reported for xylem cells in model eudicots. Overall, our results provide a framework for understanding molecular bases underlying cell wall biogenesis in Agave species studying mechanisms involving in leaf fiber development in monocots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis F. Maceda-López
- Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Campeche, Carretera Haltunchén-Edzná km 17.5, Sihochac, Campeche 24450, Mexico; (L.F.M.-L.); (D.C.M.-V.); (J.L.V.-A.)
| | - Elsa B. Góngora-Castillo
- CONACYT-Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Unidad de Biotecnología, Calle 43 No. 130 × 32 y 34, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97205, Mexico;
| | - Enrique Ibarra-Laclette
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología A. C. Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, Xalapa 91070, Mexico;
| | - Dalia C. Morán-Velázquez
- Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Campeche, Carretera Haltunchén-Edzná km 17.5, Sihochac, Campeche 24450, Mexico; (L.F.M.-L.); (D.C.M.-V.); (J.L.V.-A.)
| | - Amaranta Girón Ramírez
- Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Unidad de Biotecnología, Calle 43 No. 130 × 32 y 34, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97205, Mexico; (A.G.R.); (J.M.S.)
| | - Matthieu Bourdon
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK;
| | - José L. Villalpando-Aguilar
- Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Campeche, Carretera Haltunchén-Edzná km 17.5, Sihochac, Campeche 24450, Mexico; (L.F.M.-L.); (D.C.M.-V.); (J.L.V.-A.)
| | - Gabriela Toomer
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, IIT Research Institute, Chicago, IL 60616, USA;
| | - John Z. Tang
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (J.Z.T.); (P.A.)
| | - Parastoo Azadi
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (J.Z.T.); (P.A.)
| | - Jorge M. Santamaría
- Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Unidad de Biotecnología, Calle 43 No. 130 × 32 y 34, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97205, Mexico; (A.G.R.); (J.M.S.)
| | - Itzel López-Rosas
- CONACYT-Colegio de Postgraduados Campus Campeche, Carretera Haltunchén-Edzná km 17.5, Sihochac, Campeche 24450, Mexico;
| | - Mercedes G. López
- Departmento de Biotecnología y Bioquímica, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Irapuato 36824, Mexico;
| | - June Simpson
- Departmento de Ingeniería Genetica, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Irapuato 36824, Mexico;
| | - Fulgencio Alatorre-Cobos
- CONACYT-Colegio de Postgraduados Campus Campeche, Carretera Haltunchén-Edzná km 17.5, Sihochac, Campeche 24450, Mexico;
- Correspondence:
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Park SJ, Park S, Kim Y, Hyeon DY, Park H, Jeong J, Jeong U, Yoon YS, You D, Kwak J, Timilsina R, Hwang D, Kim J, Woo HR. Ethylene responsive factor34 mediates stress-induced leaf senescence by regulating salt stress-responsive genes. Plant Cell Environ 2022; 45:1719-1733. [PMID: 35312081 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Leaf senescence proceeds with age but is modulated by various environmental stresses and hormones. Salt stress is one of the most well-known environmental stresses that accelerate leaf senescence. However, the molecular mechanisms that integrate salt stress signalling with leaf senescence programmes remain elusive. In this study, we characterised the role of ETHYLENE RESPONSIVE FACTOR34 (ERF34), an Arabidopsis APETALA2 (AP2)/ERF family transcription factor, in leaf senescence. ERF34 was differentially expressed under various leaf senescence-inducing conditions, and negatively regulated leaf senescence induced by age, dark, and salt stress. ERF34 also promoted salt stress tolerance at different stages of the plant life cycle such as seed germination and vegetative growth. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the overexpression of ERF34 increased the transcript levels of salt stress-responsive genes including COLD-REGULATED15A (COR15A), EARLY RESPONSIVE TO DEHYDRATION10 (ERD10), and RESPONSIVE TO DESICCATION29A (RD29A). Moreover, ERF34 directly bound to ERD10 and RD29A promoters and activated their expression. Our findings indicate that ERF34 plays a key role in the convergence of the salt stress response with the leaf senescence programmes, and is a potential candidate for crop improvement, particularly by enhancing salt stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Jin Park
- Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daegu, Korea
| | - Sanghoon Park
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Korea
| | - Yongmin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Do Young Hyeon
- School of Biological Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunsoo Park
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Korea
| | - Junyong Jeong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ukcheol Jeong
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Korea
| | - Yeong Seon Yoon
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Korea
| | - Daesang You
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Korea
| | - Junmin Kwak
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Korea
| | - Rupak Timilsina
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Korea
| | - Daehee Hwang
- School of Biological Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeongsik Kim
- Faculty of Science Education and Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Hye Ryun Woo
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Korea
- New Biology Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Korea
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Nayeri S, Baghban Kohnehrouz B, Ahmadikhah A, Mahna N. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated P-CR domain-specific engineering of CESA4 heterodimerization capacity alters cell wall architecture and improves saccharification efficiency in poplar. Plant Biotechnol J 2022; 20:1197-1212. [PMID: 35266285 PMCID: PMC9129088 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose is the most abundant unique biopolymer in nature with widespread applications in bioenergy and high-value bioproducts. The large transmembrane-localized cellulose synthase (CESA) complexes (CSCs) play a pivotal role in the biosynthesis and orientation of the para-crystalline cellulose microfibrils during secondary cell wall (SCW) deposition. However, the hub CESA subunit with high potential homo/heterodimerization capacity and its functional effects on cell wall architecture, cellulose crystallinity, and saccharification efficiency remains unclear. Here, we reported the highly potent binding site containing four residues of Pro435, Trp436, Pro437, and Gly438 in the plant-conserved region (P-CR) of PalCESA4 subunit, which are involved in the CESA4-CESA8 heterodimerization. The CRISPR/Cas9-knockout mutagenesis in the predicted binding site results in physiological abnormalities, stunt growth, and deficient roots. The homozygous double substitution of W436Q and P437S and heterozygous double deletions of W436 and P437 residues potentially reduced CESA4-binding affinity resulting in normal roots, 1.5-2-fold higher plant growth and cell wall regeneration rates, 1.7-fold thinner cell wall, high hemicellulose content, 37%-67% decrease in cellulose content, high cellulose DP, 25%-37% decrease in cellulose crystallinity, and 50% increase in saccharification efficiency. The heterozygous deletion of W436 increases about 2-fold CESA4 homo/heterodimerization capacity led to the 50% decrease in plant growth and increase in cell walls thickness, cellulose content (33%), cellulose DP (20%), and CrI (8%). Our findings provide a strategy for introducing commercial CRISPR/Cas9-mediated bioengineered poplars with promising cellulose applications. We anticipate our results could create an engineering revolution in bioenergy and cellulose-based nanomaterial technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnoush Nayeri
- Department of Plant Sciences and BiotechnologyFaculty of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShahid Beheshti UniversityTehranIran
| | | | - Asadollah Ahmadikhah
- Department of Plant Sciences and BiotechnologyFaculty of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShahid Beheshti UniversityTehranIran
| | - Nasser Mahna
- Department of Horticultural SciencesFaculty of AgricultureUniversity of TabrizTabrizIran
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Wang J, Chen J, Huang S, Han D, Li J, Guo D. Investigating the Mechanism of Unilateral Cross Incompatibility in Longan ( Dimocarpus longan Lour.) Cultivars (Yiduo × Shixia). Front Plant Sci 2022; 12:821147. [PMID: 35222456 PMCID: PMC8874016 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.821147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) is an important subtropical fruit tree in China. Nearly 90% of longan fruit imports from Thailand are from the cultivar Yiduo. However, we have observed that there exists a unilateral cross incompatibility (UCI) when Yiduo is used as a female parent and Shixia (a famous Chinese cultivar) as a male parent. Here, we performed a comparative transcriptome analysis coupled with microscopy of pistils from two reciprocal pollination combinations [Shixia♂ × Yiduo♀(SY) and Yiduo♀ × Shixia♂(YS)] 4, 8, 12, and 24 h after pollination. We also explored endogenous jasmonic acid (JA) and jasmonyl isoleucine (JA-Ile) levels in pistils of the crosses. The microscopic observations showed that the UCI was sporophytic. The endogenous JA and JA-Ile levels were higher in YS than in SY at the studied time points. We found 7,251 differentially expressed genes from the transcriptome analysis. Our results highlighted that genes associated with JA biosynthesis and signaling, pollen tube growth, cell wall modification, starch and sucrose biosynthesis, and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum pathways were differentially regulated between SY and YS. We discussed transcriptomic changes in the above-mentioned pathways regarding the observed microscopic and/or endogenous hormone levels. This is the first report on the elaboration of transcriptomic changes in longan reciprocal pollination combination showing UCI. The results presented here will enable the longan breeding community to better understand the mechanisms of UCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji Chen
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shilian Huang
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongmei Han
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianguang Li
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongliang Guo
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
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Li Y, Zheng X, Wang C, Hou D, Li T, Li D, Ma C, Sun Z, Tian Y. Pear xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases PcBRU1 promotes stem growth through regulating cell wall elongation. Plant Sci 2021; 312:111026. [PMID: 34620431 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) play numerous important roles in plant growth and development. Previous studies reported that BRs could promote stem growth by regulating the expression of xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases (XTHs). However, the mechanism of XTHs involved in stem growth remains unclear. In this study, PcBRU1, which belonged to the XTH family, was upregulated by exogenous BL treatment in Pyrus communis. The expression of PcBRU1 was highest in stems and lowest in leaves. Subcellular localization analysis indicated that PcBRU1 was located in the plasma membrane. Furthermore, overexpressing PcBRU1 in tobaccos promoted the plant height and internode length. Electron microscopy and anatomical structure analysis showed that the cell wall was significantly thinner and the cells were slenderer in transgenic tobacco lines overexpressing PcBRU1 than in wild-type tobaccos. PcBRU1 promoted stem growth as it loosened the cell wall, leading to the change in cell morphology. In addition, overexpressing PcBRU1 altered the root development and leaf shape of transgenic tobaccos. Taken together, the results could provide a theoretical basis for the XTH family in regulating cell-wall elongation and stem growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchao Li
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticulture Plants, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticulture Plants, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Caihong Wang
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticulture Plants, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Dongliang Hou
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticulture Plants, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Tingting Li
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticulture Plants, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Dingli Li
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticulture Plants, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Changqing Ma
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticulture Plants, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Zhijuan Sun
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticulture Plants, Qingdao, 266109, China; College of Life Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yike Tian
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticulture Plants, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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Ren J, Wang JR, Gao MY, Qin L, Wang Y. Decreased cellulose-degrading enzyme activity causes pod hardening of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench). Plant Physiol Biochem 2021; 162:624-633. [PMID: 33774467 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) is an important tropical and subtropical crop species, but okra pods age rapidly after they meet harvest standards. The underlying mechanisms by which okra pods harden are unclear. In this study, we determined the cellulose and lignin contents of 'Chaowuxing' okra pods from 4 to 14 days postanthesis (DPA). Based on the histochemical staining of okra fruit during the active period of cellulose accumulation, we found that the hardening of okra fruit is due to the rapid accumulation of cellulose in the cell walls of vascular cells in the pulp. We used RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) analyses to investigate the genes that regulate okra fruit aging. Transcriptome sequencing data showed that after 7 DPA, expression of the cellulose synthase gene (CesA) decreased with time. In addition, expression of the gene encoding the first functional enzyme involved in cellulose hydrolysis (endoglucanase) also decreased, but its rate of decrease was much faster than that of the CesA. The quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) results were consistent with the RNA-Seq data. Accordingly, we speculate that the accumulation of cellulose during okra pod hardening occurs via a reduction in cellulose hydrolysis activity. The above results suggest that thickening of the cell wall caused by a significant increase in cellulose content in the vascular bundles causes okra hardening. The accumulation of cellulose is not directly achieved via increased expression of CesA but rather indirectly via decreased hydrolysis of cellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ren
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Ji Ru Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Ming Yang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Lei Qin
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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Deng G, Bi F, Liu J, He W, Li C, Dong T, Yang Q, Gao H, Dou T, Zhong X, Peng M, Yi G, Hu C, Sheng O. Transcriptome and metabolome profiling provide insights into molecular mechanism of pseudostem elongation in banana. BMC Plant Biol 2021; 21:125. [PMID: 33648452 PMCID: PMC7923470 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02899-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Banana plant height is an important trait for horticultural practices and semi-dwarf cultivars show better resistance to damages by wind and rain. However, the molecular mechanisms controlling the pseudostem height remain poorly understood. Herein, we studied the molecular changes in the pseudostem of a semi-dwarf banana mutant Aifen No. 1 (Musa spp. Pisang Awak sub-group ABB) as compared to its wild-type dwarf cultivar using a combined transcriptome and metabolome approach. RESULTS A total of 127 differentially expressed genes and 48 differentially accumulated metabolites were detected between the mutant and its wild type. Metabolites belonging to amino acid and its derivatives, flavonoids, lignans, coumarins, organic acids, and phenolic acids were up-regulated in the mutant. The transcriptome analysis showed the differential regulation of genes related to the gibberellin pathway, auxin transport, cell elongation, and cell wall modification. Based on the regulation of gibberellin and associated pathway-related genes, we discussed the involvement of gibberellins in pseudostem elongation in the mutant banana. Genes and metabolites associated with cell wall were explored and their involvement in cell extension is discussed. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that gibberellins and associated pathways are possibly developing the observed semi-dwarf pseudostem phenotype together with cell elongation and cell wall modification. The findings increase the understanding of the mechanisms underlying banana stem height and provide new clues for further dissection of specific gene functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiming Deng
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangcheng Bi
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Horticulture and Landscape College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 China
| | - Weidi He
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunyu Li
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Dong
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiaosong Yang
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huijun Gao
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tongxin Dou
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhong
- Horticulture and Landscape College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 China
| | - Miao Peng
- Horticulture and Landscape College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 China
| | - Ganjun Yi
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunhua Hu
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ou Sheng
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
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Xi H, Liu J, Li Q, Chen X, Liu C, Zhao Y, Yao J, Chen D, Si J, Liu C, Zhang L. Genome-wide identification of Cellulose-like synthase D gene family in Dendrobium catenatum. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2021.1941252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hangxian Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, SFGA Engineering Research Center for Dendrobium catenatum (D. officinale), Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, SFGA Engineering Research Center for Dendrobium catenatum (D. officinale), Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xueliang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, SFGA Engineering Research Center for Dendrobium catenatum (D. officinale), Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Chen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, SFGA Engineering Research Center for Dendrobium catenatum (D. officinale), Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yuxue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, SFGA Engineering Research Center for Dendrobium catenatum (D. officinale), Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jinbo Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, SFGA Engineering Research Center for Dendrobium catenatum (D. officinale), Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Donghong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, SFGA Engineering Research Center for Dendrobium catenatum (D. officinale), Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jinping Si
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, SFGA Engineering Research Center for Dendrobium catenatum (D. officinale), Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Chenghong Liu
- Biotech Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences\Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, SFGA Engineering Research Center for Dendrobium catenatum (D. officinale), Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
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Tao GY, Ramakrishnan M, Vinod KK, Yrjälä K, Satheesh V, Cho J, Fu Y, Zhou M. Multi-omics analysis of cellular pathways involved in different rapid growth stages of moso bamboo. Tree Physiol 2020; 40:1487-1508. [PMID: 32705116 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpaa090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis (Carriere) J. Houzeau) is a rapidly growing grass of industrial and ecological importance. However, the molecular mechanisms of its remarkable growth are not well understood. In this study, we investigated the early-stage growth of moso bamboo shoots and defined three different growth stages based on histological and biochemical analyses, namely, starting of cell division (SD), rapid division (RD) and rapid elongation (RE). Further analyses on potentially relevant cellular pathways in these growth stages using multi-omics approaches such as transcriptomics and proteomics revealed the involvement of multiple cellular pathways, including DNA replication, repair and ribosome biogenesis. A total of 8045 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 1053 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in our analyses. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses of detected DEGs identified several key biological pathways such as phytohormone metabolism, signal transduction, cell wall development and carbohydrate metabolism. The comparative analysis of proteins displayed that a total of 213 DEPs corresponded with DEGs and 3 significant expression profiles that could be promoting the fast growth of bamboo internodes. Moreover, protein-protein interaction network prediction analysis is suggestive of the involvement of five major proteins of signal transduction, DNA synthesis and RNA transcription, and may act as key elements responsible for the rapid shoot growth. Our work exploits multi-omics and bioinformatic approaches to unfurl the complexity of molecular networks involved in the rapid growth of moso bamboo and opens up questions related to the interactions between the functions played by individual molecular pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Yun Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Centre for Bamboo Resources and High-efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, China
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Muthusamy Ramakrishnan
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Kim Yrjälä
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki P.O. Box 27 00014, Finland
| | - Viswanathan Satheesh
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jungnam Cho
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- CAS-JIC Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Centre for Bamboo Resources and High-efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingbing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Centre for Bamboo Resources and High-efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
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Chen L, Wu Q, He T, Lan J, Ding L, Liu T, Wu Q, Pan Y, Chen T. Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Changes Triggered by Fusarium solani in Common Bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E177. [PMID: 32046085 DOI: 10.3390/genes11020177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a major legume and is frequently attacked by fungal pathogens, including Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli (FSP), which cause Fusarium root rot. FSP substantially reduces common bean yields across the world, including China, but little is known about how common bean plants defend themselves against this fungal pathogen. In the current study, we combined next-generation RNA sequencing and metabolomics techniques to investigate the changes in gene expression and metabolomic processes in common bean infected with FSP. There were 29,722 differentially regulated genes and 300 differentially regulated metabolites between control and infected plants. The combined omics approach revealed that FSP is perceived by PAMP-triggered immunity and effector-triggered immunity. Infected seedlings showed that common bean responded by cell wall modification, ROS generation, and a synergistic hormone-driven defense response. Further analysis showed that FSP induced energy metabolism, nitrogen mobilization, accumulation of sugars, and arginine and proline metabolism. Importantly, metabolic pathways were most significantly enriched, which resulted in increased levels of metabolites that were involved in the plant defense response. A correspondence between the transcript pattern and metabolite profile was observed in the discussed pathways. The combined omics approach enhances our understanding of the less explored pathosystem and will provide clues for the development of common bean cultivars' resistant to FSP.
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