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Walker RJ, Eisenhauer E, Thompson EL, Butler R, Metheny N, Barroso CS, Marino M. COVID-19 Information, Trust, and Risk Perception Across Diverse Communities in the United States: Initial Findings from a Multistate Community Engagement Alliance (CEAL). Am J Public Health 2024; 114:S112-S123. [PMID: 38207271 PMCID: PMC10785172 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2023.307504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Objectives. To provide initial findings from Community Engagement Alliance (CEAL), a multistate effort funded by the National Institutes of Health, to conduct urgent community-engaged research and outreach focused on COVID-19 awareness, education, and evidence-based response. Methods. We collected survey data (November 2020-November 2022) from 21 CEAL teams from 29 state and regional CEAL sites spanning 19 US states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico, which covered priority populations served and trusted sources of information about COVID-19, including prevention behaviors, vaccination, and clinical trials. Results. A disproportionate number of respondents were Latino (45%) or Black (40%). There was considerable variability between CEAL sites regarding trusted sources of information, COVID-19 prevention, and COVID-19 vaccination. For example, more respondents (70%) reported health care providers as a trusted source of COVID-19 information than any other source (ranging from 6% to 87% by site). Conclusions. CEAL rapidly developed novel infrastructure to engage academic, public health, and community organizations to address COVID-19's impacts on underserved communities. CEAL provides an example of how to respond in future public health emergencies to quickly promote trustworthy, evidence-based information in ways that advance health equity. (Am J Public Health. 2024;114(S1):S112-S123. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307504).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah J Walker
- Rebekah J. Walker is with the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee. Elizabeth Eisenhauer is with Westat, Rockville, MD. Erika L. Thompson is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth. Robin Butler is with the School of Community Health and Policy, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD. Nicholas Metheny is with the School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL. Cristina S. Barroso is with the College of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Miguel Marino is with the Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Elizabeth Eisenhauer
- Rebekah J. Walker is with the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee. Elizabeth Eisenhauer is with Westat, Rockville, MD. Erika L. Thompson is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth. Robin Butler is with the School of Community Health and Policy, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD. Nicholas Metheny is with the School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL. Cristina S. Barroso is with the College of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Miguel Marino is with the Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Erika L Thompson
- Rebekah J. Walker is with the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee. Elizabeth Eisenhauer is with Westat, Rockville, MD. Erika L. Thompson is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth. Robin Butler is with the School of Community Health and Policy, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD. Nicholas Metheny is with the School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL. Cristina S. Barroso is with the College of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Miguel Marino is with the Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Robin Butler
- Rebekah J. Walker is with the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee. Elizabeth Eisenhauer is with Westat, Rockville, MD. Erika L. Thompson is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth. Robin Butler is with the School of Community Health and Policy, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD. Nicholas Metheny is with the School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL. Cristina S. Barroso is with the College of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Miguel Marino is with the Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Nicholas Metheny
- Rebekah J. Walker is with the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee. Elizabeth Eisenhauer is with Westat, Rockville, MD. Erika L. Thompson is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth. Robin Butler is with the School of Community Health and Policy, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD. Nicholas Metheny is with the School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL. Cristina S. Barroso is with the College of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Miguel Marino is with the Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Cristina S Barroso
- Rebekah J. Walker is with the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee. Elizabeth Eisenhauer is with Westat, Rockville, MD. Erika L. Thompson is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth. Robin Butler is with the School of Community Health and Policy, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD. Nicholas Metheny is with the School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL. Cristina S. Barroso is with the College of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Miguel Marino is with the Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Miguel Marino
- Rebekah J. Walker is with the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee. Elizabeth Eisenhauer is with Westat, Rockville, MD. Erika L. Thompson is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth. Robin Butler is with the School of Community Health and Policy, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD. Nicholas Metheny is with the School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL. Cristina S. Barroso is with the College of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Miguel Marino is with the Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
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Moskowitz DA, Silva A, Castañeda Y, Battalio SL, Hartstein ML, Murphy AM, Ndebele S, Switalski M, Lomahan S, Lacson L, Plum A, Canty E, Sandoval A, Thomas P, De Pablo M, Spring B, Martin M. What Chicago community organizations needed to implement COVID-19 interventions: lessons learned in 2021. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1221170. [PMID: 37492134 PMCID: PMC10365111 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1221170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction As the COVID-19 pandemic placed a spotlight on the health inequities in the United States, this study aimed to determine the local programmatic needs of community organizations (CO) delivering COVID-19 interventions across Chicago. Methods In the summer of 2021, the Chicagoland CEAL Program interviewed 34 COs that were providing education, testing, and/or vaccinations in communities experiencing poor COVID-19 outcomes. The interviews were analyzed thematically and organized around logistical challenges and funding/resource needs. Results The COs routinely offered testing (50%) or vaccinations (74%), with most (56%) employing some programmatic evaluation. Programs utilizing trusted-messenger systems were deemed most effective, but resource-intensive. CO specific needs clustered around sustaining effective outreach strategies, better CO coordination, wanting comprehensive trainings, improving program evaluation, and promoting services and programs. Conclusion The COs reached populations with low-vaccine confidence using trusted messengers to overcome mistrust. However, replenishment of the resources needed to sustain such strategies should be prioritized. Leveraging the Chicagoland CEAL Program to help negotiate community organizations' interorganizational coordination, create training programs, and provide evaluation expertise are deliverable supports that may bolster COVID-19 prevention. Policy implications Achieving health justice requires that all institutions of power participate in meaningful community engagement, help build community capacity, and infuse health equity throughout all aspects of the research and program evaluation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Moskowitz
- Biological Sciences Division, Department of Public Health Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Abigail Silva
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | - Samuel L. Battalio
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Madison L. Hartstein
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | - Sithembinkosi Ndebele
- Biological Sciences Division, Department of Public Health Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Matthew Switalski
- Biological Sciences Division, Department of Public Health Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | | | - Abigail Plum
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Emma Canty
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Anna Sandoval
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | | | - Bonnie Spring
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Molly Martin
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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