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Nazin E, Belova E. Conditions leading to and the characteristics of exothermic processes in condensed mixtures used in technological processes of hydrometallurgical reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel. Progress in Nuclear Energy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2022.104254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Boyle TJ, Robinson XJ, Guerrero F, Perales D, Hubbard JA, Cramer RE. Organophosphorus-Modified Lanthanide Nitrates as Potential Actinide Oxide Aerosol Surrogates. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:17149-17161. [PMID: 33231437 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In search of suitable simulants for aerosol uranium waste products from Plutonium Uranium Redox Extraction (PUREX) process burns, a series of lanthanide nitrate hydrates ([Ln(κ2-NO3)3·nH2O]) were dissolved in the presence of tributylphosphate (O═P(O(CH2)3CH3)3) referred to as TBP) in kerosene or triphenylphosphate (O═P(O(C6H5) referred to as TPhP) in acetone. The crystal structure of the TPhP derivatives of the lanthanide nitrate series and uranium nitrate were solved as [Ln(κ2-NO3)3(TPhP)3] (Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu) and [U(O)2(κ2-NO3)2(TPhP)2] (U), respectively. The lanthanide-TBP, Ln, and U were further characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, 31P NMR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Further, thermal treatment of the lanthanide-TBP, Ln, and U using a box furnace to mimic pyrolysis conditions was found by PXRD analyses to generate a phosphate phase [LnP3O9 or UP2O7) for all systems. The resultant nuclear waste fire contaminant particulates will impact both aerosol transport and toxicity assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Boyle
- Advanced Materials Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, 1001 University Boulevard, SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, United States
| | - Xavier J Robinson
- Advanced Materials Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, 1001 University Boulevard, SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, United States
| | - Fernando Guerrero
- Advanced Materials Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, 1001 University Boulevard, SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, United States
| | - Diana Perales
- Advanced Materials Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, 1001 University Boulevard, SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, United States
| | - Joshua A Hubbard
- Sandia National Laboratories, Box 8500-0828, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87110-0828, United States
| | - Roger E Cramer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii - Manoa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822-2275, United States
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Zhang C, He H, Zhao S, Wang S, Liu X. Research Progress of Red Oil Explosion Accidents in Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing Plant. Journal of Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science 2018. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4039599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
From 1953 to now, it has happened six times so-called red oil explosion accidents worldwide, resulting in different degrees of equipment and construction damage and environmental contamination. And research related to red oil has never stopped. Preventive measures for red oil explosion were established in some reports, and these measures provided good practice experience and reference for other countries. Nevertheless, research conclusions and knowledge of red oil vary from country to country. Especially, investigations on stability of tributyl phosphate (TBP)—nitric system was made in recent years, and the results indicated that the red oil runway reaction will happen even in lower temperature and lower nitric acid concentration in contrast with the reported value. Therefore, in order to facilitate future study on red oil explosion, related research results of red oil explosion accidents were combed in this paper, and the characters of study work of different periods were also summarized, and definition, formation conditions of red oil were analyzed and compared, as well as the new viewpoints of recent literatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlong Zhang
- Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center, Beijing 100082, China; China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - Hui He
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - Shangui Zhao
- Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center, Beijing 100082, China
| | - Shijun Wang
- Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center, Beijing 100082, China
| | - XinHua Liu
- Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center, Beijing 100082, China
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Nazin ER, Zachinyaev GM, Rodin AV, Belova EV, Thorzhnitsky GP, Myasoedov BF. Gamma Radiation Thermal Stability of Two-Phase Mixtures of Nitric Acid with Degraded TBP in a Closed Vessel. NUCL TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nt15-77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Sun Q, Jiang L, Gong L, Sun JH. Experimental study on thermal hazard of tributyl phosphate-nitric acid mixtures using micro calorimeter technique. J Hazard Mater 2016; 314:230-236. [PMID: 27136728 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
During PUREX spent nuclear fuel reprocessing, mixture of tributyl phosphate (TBP) and hydrocarbon solvent are employed as organic solvent to extract uranium in consideration of radiation contaminated safety and resource recycling, meanwhile nitric acid is utilized to dissolve the spent fuel into small pieces. However, once TBP contacts with nitric acid or nitrates above 130°C, a heavy "red oil" layer would occur accompanied by thermal runaway reactions, even caused several nuclear safety accident. Considering nitric acid volatility and weak exothermic detection, C80micro calorimeter technique was used in this study to investigate thermal decomposition of TBP mixed with nitric acid. Results show that the concentration of nitric acid greatly influences thermal hazard of the system by direct reactions. Even with a low heating rate, if the concentration of nitric acid increases due to evaporation of water or improper operations, thermal runaway in the closed system could start at a low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Liang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Jin-Hua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China.
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Mishra S, Ganesh S, Velavendan P, Pandey NK, Mallika C, Kamachi Mudali U, Natarajan R. Effects of temperature, concentration of acid and metal ions on the solubility of tri-n-butyl phosphate in aqueous phase. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-014-3351-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Dicholkar DD, Kumar P, Heer PK, Gaikar VG, Kumar S, Natarajan R. Synthesis of N,N,N′,N′-Tetraoctyl-3-oxapentane-1,5-diamide (TODGA) and Its Steam Thermolysis-Nitrolysis as a Nuclear Waste Solvent Minimization Method. Ind Eng Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ie302603q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deepak D. Dicholkar
- Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai-400019, India
| | - Pradipta Kumar
- Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai-400019, India
| | - Parminder Kaur Heer
- Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai-400019, India
| | - Vilas G. Gaikar
- Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai-400019, India
| | - Shekhar Kumar
- Process Development and Equipment Section, Reprocessing R & D Division, Reprocessing Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam-603102, India
| | - R. Natarajan
- Process Development and Equipment Section, Reprocessing R & D Division, Reprocessing Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam-603102, India
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Ganesh S, Velavendan P, Pandey NK, Ahmed MK, Kamachi Mudali U, Natarajan R. Spectrophotometric determination of dissolved tri n-butyl phosphate in aqueous streams of Purex process. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2012; 293:529-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-012-1731-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Seshadri H, Sinha PK. Photocatalytic performance of combustion synthesized β-Ga2O3 for the degradation of tri-n-butyl phosphate in aqueous solution. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2012; 292:649-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-011-1469-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Kumar S, Sinha PK, Kamachi Mudali U, Natarajan R. Thermal decomposition of red-oil/nitric acid mixtures in adiabatic conditions. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2011; 289:545-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-011-1106-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Muthukumar M, Kumar S, Sinha PK, Mudali UK, Natarajan R. Estimation of PVT properties and vapour pressure of alternate PUREX/UREX extractant TRI-iso amyl phosphate. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2011; 288:819-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-011-1016-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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